JPS6223878B2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain binary signals corresponding to plural base sounds simultaneously by providing a signal extraction unit that receives plural binary signals as the input, extracts one or plural fixed binary signals from them simultaneously and emits them. CONSTITUTION:The input terminals of the filters BPF are connected to the output terminal of the amplifier AMP in parallel. The detectors DET1-DETn detect the envelopes of the output signals of filters BPF1-BPFn. The comparators CMP1- CMPn make the output signals of corresponding detector DET1-DETn binary signals. When a musical sound signal is applied to the input terminal 10, binary signals corresponding to the respective base sounds are sent to the output terminals T1-Tn. The signal extraction circuit 30 receives these plural binary signals, extracts one or plural fixed binary signal simultaneously and emits them.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a musical tone analysis device, and more particularly, to a signal converting means for converting a musical tone signal into a binary signal for each fundamental tone, and a plurality of binary signals as input. and a signal extracting means for extracting and transmitting a binary signal of
We are introducing a new device that can extract and transmit multiple fundamental tones at the same time.

Generally, a musical tone signal often contains a plurality of fundamental tones at the same time. Therefore, it is desirable for a musical tone analysis device to be able to identify a plurality of fundamental tones at the same time.

As a method of simultaneously extracting a plurality of fundamental tones contained in a musical tone signal, it is conceivable to use a computer, but the configuration would be relatively large and the number of users would be limited.

By the way, Figure 1 shows the scale A ₂ based on 12 equal temperament.
The overtone series of 19 tones from _E5 to E5 is drawn on a 5-line. Here, the relationship between each scale A ₂ to E ₅ and frequency is A ₂ = 110Hz, H ₂ = 124Hz, C ₃ = 131Hz,
D ₃ = 147Hz, E ₃ = 165Hz, F ₃ = 175Hz, G ₃ = 196
Hz, A ₃ = 220Hz, H ₃ = 247Hz, C ₄ = 262Hz, D ₄ =
294Hz, E ₄ = 330Hz, F ₄ = 349Hz, G ₄ = 392Hz, H ₄
= 440Hz, C ₅ = 494Hz, D ₅ = 587Hz, and E ₅ = 660Hz. In this way, the 19 fundamental tones
If you try to extract any fundamental tone by analyzing A ₂ to E ₅ , the fundamental tone of A ₃ or higher may overlap with the harmonics of the lower fundamental tone. In other words, for example, if you try to extract the fundamental tone A ₃ (220Hz), the fundamental tone A ₂
(110Hz), the fundamental tone E ₅ (660
Hz), the fundamental tone A ₂ (110Hz) is 6.
Overtone, 5th overtone of fundamental tone C ₃ (131Hz), fundamental tone E ₃ (165
Hz), the third harmonic of the fundamental tone A ₃ (220Hz), and the second harmonic of the fundamental tone E ₄ (330Hz). In this way, when an arbitrary fundamental tone to be extracted and overtones of other fundamental tones overlap, it is generally impossible to distinguish between the arbitrary fundamental tone to be extracted and the overtones of other fundamental tones, but By prohibiting the transmission of a binarized signal corresponding to the arbitrary fundamental tone to be extracted when the arbitrary fundamental tone to be extracted overlaps with the overtones of other fundamental tones, multiple overtones that do not overlap with the overtones of other fundamental tones can be extracted. Binarized signals corresponding to the fundamental tone can be extracted at the same time. Extraction of such a binary signal can be realized by using a circuit that satisfies the logical formula shown in the lower column of FIG. 1 as the signal extraction section 30.

The present invention focuses on these points, and will be described in detail below using the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual configuration diagram of the apparatus according to the present invention, in which 10 is an input terminal for a musical tone signal, 20 is a signal conversion unit that converts the musical tone signal into a binary signal for each fundamental tone;
30 is a signal extraction unit that receives a plurality of binary signals as input and simultaneously extracts and transmits one or more predetermined binary signals, and 40 is a recording unit that records the extracted and transmitted binary signals. be.

The signal converter 20 is configured as shown in FIG. 3, for example. In Fig. 3, AMP is an amplifier, and BPF ₁ to _{BPF o} are bandpass filters each having a predetermined frequency pass band width, the center frequency of which is approximately equal to the fundamental frequency.
It is set every 1/12 octave. Note that the input terminals of these filters BPF are connected in parallel to the output terminal of the amplifier AMP. DET ₁ ~ DET _o
are detectors that detect the envelopes of the output signals of the corresponding filters BPF ₁ to BPF _o , respectively, and CMP ₁ to _{CMP o}
are comparators for binarizing the output signals of the corresponding detectors DET ₁ to _{DET o} , respectively. Also,
DETo detects the output signal of the amplifier AMP and converts it into an amplifier.
This is a detector for automatic gain adjustment of AMP. In such a configuration, when a musical tone signal is applied to the input terminal 10, the output terminals T ₁ to _{T o} are
Binarized signals corresponding to each fundamental tone are sent out.

An example of the signal extraction section 30 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, TA ₂ to TE ₅ are the input terminals of the binary signals sent from the signal converter 20 corresponding to the fundamental tones A ₂ to E ₅ , respectively, and TA ₂ ′ to TE ₅ ′ are the input terminals for the extracted 2-digit signals, respectively. This is an output terminal for the value signal. IA ₂ to _{IE 4} are inverters, and GA ₃ to GE ₅ are AND gates. These inverters IA ₂ ~IE ₄ and AND gate GA ₃ ~
GE ₅ constitutes a logic circuit that satisfies the logical formula shown in the lower column of FIG. That is, the fundamental tone A ₂ ~ _{G 3}
Only the input terminals TA ₂ to TG 3 are directly connected to the output terminals TA 2 ′ to TG ₃ ′ corresponding to the output terminals TA _{2 ′} to _{TG 3 ′} , respectively. The output terminal TA ₃ ' corresponding to the fundamental tone A ₃ is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate GA _{3 corresponding} to the logical formula A ₂ A ₃ , and the first
The input terminal of the input terminal via the inverter IA ₂
TA ₂ is connected, and the second input terminal has an input terminal
TA ₃ is directly connected. Similarly, for example, the output terminal TE ₅ ′ corresponding to the fundamental tone E ₅ has the logical formula _{2 3}
The output terminal of AND gate GE ₅ is connected to correspond to _{3 3 4} E ₅ , and the input terminal TA ₂ is connected to the first input terminal of this AND gate GE ₅ via inverter IA ₂ . Input terminal TC ₃ is connected to the input terminal of , via inverter IC 3, and input terminal TC ₃ is connected to the third input terminal via inverter IE ₄
TE ₄ is connected, and the fourth input terminal has an input terminal
TE ₅ is directly connected, and the inverter is connected to the fifth input terminal.
Input terminal TE ₃ is connected via IE ₃ , and input terminal TA ₃ is connected to the sixth input terminal via inverter IA ₃ .
is connected. By configuring such a logic circuit, when an arbitrary fundamental tone matches an overtone of another fundamental tone, a binary signal of the arbitrary fundamental tone is sent out using a binary signal of the fundamental tone that generates the overtone. will be prohibited. As a result, binarized signals corresponding to a plurality of fundamental tones can be simultaneously extracted and transmitted within at least one octave.

As the recording section 40, for example, a multi-needle discharge recording device having a plurality of recording electrodes corresponding to at least each of the output terminals _TA2 ' to _TE5 ' of the signal extraction section 30 can be used. By using such a recording device, the pitch and tone length of each fundamental tone included in a musical tone signal can be directly obtained as a line segment recorded image. It is also possible to record five lines at the same time.
FIGS. 5 and 6 are pattern diagrams showing examples of these recordings. Note that the blank portion of the 5th line in FIG. 6 is a time signal display representing a bar break.

7 to 9 are block diagrams showing other specific examples of the signal converting section 20 in FIG. 2, and parts equivalent to those in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals.

That is, in FIG. 7, RTM ₁ to RTM _o are retriggerable monomulti circuits driven by the pulse train output signals of the comparators CMP ₁ to CMP _o , respectively, and output a pulse width of one cycle or more of the input signal. It generates a signal. With this configuration, a detector DET like the one shown in Figure 3 can be used.
is no longer necessary and is not affected by the time constant circuit for reducing ripples, so that the binarized signal corresponding to each fundamental tone is closer to the actual tone length.

In Figure 8, AOG is an analog OR gate, TC is a time constant circuit, and these circuits form a loop that automatically adjusts the gain of the amplifier AMP so as to keep the maximum amplitude value in the frequency domain of the musical tone signal constant. It is. By adding such an automatic gain adjustment loop, the signal level in the frequency domain can be maintained at an appropriate state, and the comparator
In addition to making it easy to set the CMP reference level, it is also possible to stably analyze musical tone signals containing many overtones.

9 is a circuit in which the automatic gain adjustment loop of the circuit of FIG. 8 and the automatic gain adjustment loop of the circuit of FIG. 3 are added to the circuit of FIG. 7.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a musical tone analysis device that can simultaneously extract a plurality of fundamental tones from a musical tone signal with a relatively simple configuration, and its practical effects are significant.

Note that in this embodiment, an example in which the signal extraction section is configured with an inverter and an AND gate has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.

Furthermore, the range is not limited to A ₂ to E ₅ , and even if it includes semitones, the same configuration can be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram in which the overtone series from scale A ₂ to E ₅ is drawn on 5 lines, Fig. 2 is a conceptual configuration diagram of the device according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a concrete example of the signal conversion section in Fig. 2. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific example of the signal extraction section in FIG. 2, FIGS. 5 and 6 are pattern diagrams showing an example of recording in the recording section in FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example. ~ Figure 9 is the second
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another specific example of the signal converter shown in the figure. 10... musical tone signal input terminal, 20... signal converter,
30...Signal extraction section, 40...Recording section, AMP...Amplifier, BPF...Band pass filter, DET...Detector, CMP...Comparator, T...Binarized signal output terminal,
TA ₂ ~ _{TE 5} ... Binarized signal input terminal, IA ₂ ~ IE ₄ ... Inverter, GA ₄ ~ GE ₅ ... AND gate, TA ₂ ' ~
TE ₅ '... Extraction binary signal output terminal, RTM... Retriggerable mono multi circuit, AOG... Analog OR gate, TC... Time constant circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A musical tone analysis device including a signal conversion section that converts a musical tone signal into a binary signal for each fundamental tone, and a signal extraction section that receives these plurality of binary signals as input, extracts a predetermined binary signal, and sends it out. , as the signal extraction section, a plurality of inverters that invert the binary signal corresponding to each fundamental tone sent from the signal converting section, and an overtone between the binary signal corresponding to the fundamental tone to be extracted and the fundamental tone to be extracted. An inverter output signal that inverts the binary signal corresponding to each fundamental tone with which a relationship is established is added to a plurality of AND gates. A musical tone analysis device characterized in that, when another fundamental tone having an overtone relationship is added at the same time, transmission of a binary signal corresponding to the fundamental tone to be extracted is prohibited.