JPS6224040B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

In the present invention, a powder composition mainly composed of aluminum and a liquid composition mainly composed of an alkali metal hypochlorite and an alkali metal hydroxide generate contact heat in a drain pipe, and this heat generates heat. The present invention relates to a cleaning agent composition for cleaning the inside of a drain pipe. A composition that generates heat when an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution and aluminum come into contact is well known as a drain cleaner composition, and is produced and sold as a commercial product. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,773,040 discloses a pyrogenic composition containing aluminum and an alkali metal hydroxide, and U.S. Pat. The composition has been revealed. However, all of these compositions contain a large amount of alkali metal hydroxide in order to accelerate the rate of heat generation and to generate sufficient heat (high temperature). The content of alkali metal hydroxides in products is regulated from the standpoint of safety, and must be kept below 5% (Act on the Regulation of Household Products Containing Hazardous Substances). The new and improved drain cleaning agent composition of the present invention has an alkali metal hydroxide content of 5% or less and uses granular aluminum (powdered aluminum of 100 mesh or less is dangerous according to the Fire Service Act). It is a highly safe exothermic cleaning composition. To explain the composition of this composition in more detail,
The liquid composition consists of an alkali metal hypochlorite salt, an alkali metal hydroxide with a desirable content of 5% or less, and a surfactant that is stable in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hypochlorite, which is optionally added. The powder composition consists of granular aluminum and a heat generation adjuvant, which adjuvants include alkali metal gluconate, nitrilotriacetate acid-3 alkali metal salt, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid-4 alkali metal salt. at least 1 of salt
It consists of a species or a mixture of two or more species. In general, clogged drain pipes at home are caused by oil and fat in the kitchen,
A typical example is the drain pipe in the washroom or bathroom where hair is the cause. That is, in the kitchen, vegetable waste or rice grains become entangled with fats and oils that have solidified below their melting point, or have been oxidized and hardened into a resin-like state, or in resin-like fats that have viscosity, causing clogging. On the other hand, in bathrooms and washrooms, clogs can be caused simply by hair, or by sebum and soap scum getting entangled with hair. Clogged drains can be solved by removing the clogging components that cause these, but one type of composition is insufficient to effectively remove the different clogging components, and the purpose Products must be prepared separately for each purpose. Moreover, chemical methods are not always effective in solving clogging caused by fats and oils, and do not provide fully satisfactory results. In other words, the best means for solving each clogging problem is chemical decomposition using alkali metal hypochlorite for hair, and for oil and fat,
Dissolution by heat is the most preferred and simple method. For example, according to the Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-3000, a method of generating heat by using aluminum powder in combination with an alkali metal salt of an acid having at least one hydrogen atom requires an oxidizing agent (especially water-soluble nitrates). On the other hand, in the present invention, an alkali metal hypochlorite is an essential element, but when an alkali metal hypochlorite and an oxidizing agent such as a nitrate are used together, the cleaning effect on the hair decreases, and the nitrate ions are bonded together. Nitrogen is reduced to ammonia by the action of generated hydrogen gas, and ammonia and alkali metal hypochlorite react to produce chloramine. Furthermore, there is a problem that the aqueous solution of alkali metal hypochlorite is unstable due to nitrates. In order to suppress the occurrence of these problems and to easily remove a wide range of types of blockages, the present inventors have developed a method using alkali metal hydroxide containing preferably 5% or less of alkali metal hydroxide, without using the conventionally used nitrates. We have considered a composition consisting of a liquid composition mainly composed of aluminum powder and alkali metal hypochlorite, and a powder composition mainly composed of coarse aluminum powder with large particle sizes, but the stability An excellent composition was found in terms of heat generation and detergency. The composition of the present invention will be explained in detail below. In the description, all percentages indicating component proportions of the composition are percentages by weight. (1) 3-8% alkali metal hypochlorite and
A liquid composition consisting of 2.5 to 5% of an alkali metal hydroxide and an alkali metal hypochlorite-stable surfactant, and (2) aluminum powder of more than 100 meshes and less than 9 meshes, and the amount thereof is used. gluconic acid in an amount of 25% to 70% based on the weight of caustic soda (calculated from the amount of liquid composition used), and further gluconic acid in an amount of 5% to 30% based on powdered aluminum as a heat generation aid. a powder composition consisting of any one of alkali metal salts, nitrilotriacetate acid-3 alkali metal salts, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid-4 alkali metal salts, or a mixture thereof; Although there is little hydroxide and the aluminum powder particles are coarse, it generates enough heat to dissolve clogged oil and fat, and in order to maintain the hair cleaning effect of alkali metal hypochlorite, nitrates etc. It is characterized by not using any oxidizing agent. It will become clear from the following description of the invention. Regarding each component, the alkali metal salt of hypochlorite in the liquid composition is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly water-soluble alkali metal salt such as sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite is the most suitable because it is produced in large quantities and is inexpensive. The larger the amount suitable for hair, the more effective it is, but there is a problem that chemical decomposition of sodium hypochlorite during storage is large and unstable, causing problems such as deformation or breakage of the container. From the standpoint of effectiveness and safety (stability during long-term storage), a range of 3 to 8% is suitable; however, for alkali metal hydroxides, sodium hydroxide,
Potassium hydroxide is suitable. In particular, when considering the reaction of hydrolysis with fats and oils, which are the main components of clogging, to produce water-soluble fatty acid salts, it is more suitable to use water-soluble potassium hydroxide. The higher the amount used for fever, the more effective it is, but regulations regarding household products containing harmful substances require that the upper limit be kept at 5%, and from the viewpoint of effectiveness and legal safety, 2.5%~ A suitable range is 5%. Furthermore, surfactants are required to prevent oil and fat components melted by heat generation from adhering and solidifying on the drain pipe wall again, and to disperse dirt. Suitable types that can be used include amine oxide, sodium alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonate, and sodium alkanesulfonate, which are stable in sodium hypochlorite solution, and are especially suitable for soap that is a component that clogs drain pipes in bathrooms and washrooms. It is most suitable to use amine oxide, which helps in dispersing the scum. The suitable amount to be used varies depending on the amount of the alkali metal hypochlorite salt, but is preferably about 0.2 to 1.0%. The aluminum in the powder composition is preferably in powder form. The smaller the diameter of the powder, the faster the exothermic reaction heats up and reaches a higher temperature. However, in terms of the fire service law, it is preferable that aluminum comes into contact with the clogged surface and a small amount of aluminum is effective in increasing the temperature of the clogged surface. When considering various uses, powder particles with a somewhat coarse diameter are more effective. That is, a range of 100 meshes or more and 16 meshes or less is preferable. The appropriate amount to use varies depending on the size of the surface of the clog, and is preferably an amount that can be evenly spread over the surface of the clog. According to the results of experiments, the most suitable range is about 3 to 4 g for a drain pipe with a diameter of 3.5 cm. Sodium gluconate, nitrilotriacetate acid trisodium salt, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid tetrasodium salt are effective as heat generating aids, but the latter two have a slightly lower hair cleansing effect. In some cases, sodium gluconate is particularly preferred. The suitable usage amount is 5 to the weight of aluminum.
% to 30% is preferable, and if an excessive amount is used, it has a negative effect on heat generation, and on the contrary, the phenomenon that heat generation is suppressed is observed. It is unclear why these compounds work effectively as heating aids within a certain range of usage, but they are all chelate compounds that form metal complexes, and are probably effective as etching agents for aluminum surfaces in highly alkaline aqueous solutions. It is thought that this is because the aluminum acts as a catalyst to accelerate the melting of the aluminum surface, thereby accelerating and maximizing the generation of melting heat. On the other hand, alkali metal hypochlorite acts as an oxidizing agent in an aqueous solution, oxidizing the free hydrogen generated during dissolution of the aluminum surface to a non-gaseous compound, and inducing an exothermic reaction to prevent the release of free hydrogen. This is also necessary from the standpoint of heat generation effect, since it substantially increases heat generation. The preferred composition of the present invention is as follows. That is, the liquid composition is sodium hypochlorite 4-6%, potassium hydroxide 3.5-5.0%, surfactant (preferably lauryl dimethylamine oxide) 0.3-1.0%, and the powder composition is aluminum powder 80-90% gluconic acid. Sodium: 20-10% In consideration of convenience in use, fragrances, pigments, powder bulking agents, etc. may be used in the above composition as necessary. In the present composition, the powder composition is first poured into a drain pipe where a clogging problem has occurred, and then the liquid composition is poured and left for a while. Eventually, foaming and heat generation begin, and the clogging components are dissolved and removed. After removing the clogged components, pour water and rinse. The amount of each of the liquid composition and powder composition to be used per time is changed as appropriate depending on the amount of clogged water in the drain pipe. Preferably, when 350 to 400 c.c. of water is stored, the appropriate amount is 250 to 300 c.c. of the liquid composition and 4 to 5 g of the powder composition. The features of the present invention will be illustrated below using Examples. Example 1 The bottom of a glass tube with a diameter of 3.5 cm is plugged with a rubber stopper passed through a thin glass tube (diameter 8 mm) with a rubber tube attached. In advance, create an artificial blockage by pinching the rubber tube and pouring in the dirt that will cause the blockage. Clogging ingredients include hair and fat (beef tallow mp41-43)
℃), and the amount of each stain was 20g. 1.5 when the glass tube is filled with dirt components.
of water was poured into the tube, the pinch pot of the rubber tube was opened for 15 seconds, the water was allowed to flow, and the amount of water drained was measured. Next, after closing the pinch kettle on the rubber tube, the water in the tube was pumped out until the accumulated water in the tube reached 350 c.c., and the cleaning agent of each composition was poured into the glass tube, and the tube was left open for 30 minutes or left for 60 minutes. After a certain period of time had elapsed, 1.15 ml of water was added to bring the total volume to 1.5, and the pinch pot of the rubber tube was opened for 15 seconds to allow water to flow and the amount of water drained was measured.

[Table] In the table, NaOH is caustic soda and NaOCl is sodium hypochlorite. A- Hair stains were as follows.

[Table] From the above results, alkali metal hypochlorite is effective for hair, and according to this experiment, a content of 3% or more is required under the above conditions. Regarding B-oil and fat stains, the results were as follows.

[Table] Here, AO is amine oxide, and organic solvent is 3.
Butyl alcohol. For reference, products with heat generation (Crystal
Drano caustic soda (60-65%) was used in the drain pipe under the same conditions and the treatment was left for 30 minutes, and the following results were obtained. Exothermic product sample 5g 98 10g 100 *The oil and fat in the clogging composition began to dissolve around 10 minutes after the sample was added. The water temperature at this time was 47℃ or higher, so even alkali metal hypochlorite and caustic alkali cannot dissolve oils and fats.
From the exothermic products used for reference, it can be seen that dissolution by heat is the most effective. Example 2 The glass drainage pipe used in Example 1 was filled with oil and fat stains, 350 ml of water was collected, and then a cleaning agent was added, and the solubility of the oil and fat stains (drainage rate) and the temperature of the stain surface were measured. The conditions were: 20 g of oil stains (beef tallow), 350 c.c. of standing water (25°C), 250 c.c. of detergent composition and solution used. The drainage rate after 15 minutes and the maximum temperature within 15 minutes were as follows. . Experimental example 1

【table】

[Table] From the above results, the effect of sodium gluconate is clear, and its amount is 11% compared to aluminum powder.
A range of % to 45% is good. The aluminum powder used in this experiment passed through 9 meshes and left 100 meshes, with 80% of 32 to 42 meshes remaining.
I used something nearby. Experimental example 2

[Table] From the above results, the effect of sodium gluconate is clear, and its amount is preferably in the range of 5 to 35% based on the aluminum powder. From the results of Experimental Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the content of sodium gluconate is effective as a heat generation auxiliary agent when the content is in the range of 5% to 45% based on the aluminum powder. Example 3 The effects of nitrilotriacetate acid-3 alkali metal salt and ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid-4 alkali metal salt were investigated in the same manner as in Example 2, but they showed the same heat generation support as alkali metal gluconate. The effect was recognized. However, these two products were found to slightly reduce the effect of alkali metal hypochlorite on hair. Example 4 Exothermicity was observed in the same manner as in Example 2. The conditions are the same as in Example 2, and the drainage rate after 15 minutes and the maximum temperature within 15 minutes are as follows:

[Table] From the above results, caustic soda has a sufficient exothermic effect at 2.5% or more. Example 5 In Examples 2 to 4, when a surfactant was not used, a phenomenon was observed in which once dissolved fats and oils adhered to the drain pipe wall and solidified again when cooled. In order to prevent the dissolved fats and oils from re-depositing and re-solidifying, it is necessary to use a surfactant to make them into an emulsified state.
Surfactant stable to alkali metal hypochlorite,
sodium alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonate, sodium nonyl phenyl ether sulfate,
When 0.3% each of sodium alkanesulfonate and lauryl dimethylamine oxide were specifically included in each liquid composition, it was found that both surfactants significantly improved the performance of the composition of the present invention. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in this effect for any of the surfactants above 0.3%, and from the stability of the alkali metal hypochlorite salt, it is considered that 1% or less is sufficient. Example 6 Surfactant stable to alkali metal hypochlorite sodium alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonate, sodium nonyl phenyl ether sulfate,
Four types of surfactants, sodium alkanesulfonate and lauryl dimethylamine oxide, were used to evaluate their soap scum dispersion performance. A mixture of 75% calcium chloride and 25% magnesium chloride is added to an aqueous soap solution containing bath soap, mixed in a mixer to react, and applied onto the surface of a glass plate and air-dried at room temperature to form a stain. The liquid was immersed in a detergent solution, and the state of peeling and dispersion of soap scum was observed with the naked eye.

[Table] Lauryldimethylamine oxide From the above results, it was confirmed that lauryl dimethylamine oxide is the best for soap scum. Using the glass drain pipe used in Example 1,
The above-mentioned soap scum stain was packed and dried, and a detergent composition solution was poured into this to observe the dispersion of the soap scum stain. That is,

[Table] From the above results, it is recognized that lauryl dimethylamine oxide is effective in removing soap scum stains when the content is 0.5% or more. However, due to the stability of alkali metal hypochlorite,
It is preferably 1.0% or less. Example 7 The effect of a known exothermic aid, sodium nitrate, on the exothermic reaction between aluminum powder and an aqueous caustic solution was investigated. The results of evaluation using the experimental method of Example 2 are as follows.

[Table] From these results, it is clear that the effect of sodium gluconate is greater than that of sodium nitrate. On the other hand, the effect on sodium hypochlorite when sodium nitrate was dissolved in sodium hypochlorite was measured.

[Table] Therefore, sodium nitrate has an unstable effect on alkali metal hypochlorite. On the other hand, when sodium nitrate was used, it was observed that the cleaning performance for hair was reduced. Example 8 As a result of evaluating the effect of clogging caused by fats and oils and hair on a representative composition of the present invention, it was found that the composition had a remarkable effect on clogging by both oils and fats. Evaluation conditions are the same as Example 1

[Table] Powder (g)

[Table] Clogged
In the case of Reference Composition 4 above, when the pipe cools down, oil is seen to re-deposit on the pipe wall. From the above results, it can be seen that heat has a slight effect on clogging of hair. Example 9 The effect of alkali metal hypochlorite on heat generation was observed. The water temperature was measured after 10 minutes using the method of Example 2.

[Table] If sodium hypochlorite is contained, foaming will be significantly suppressed. That is, it is presumed that sodium hypochlorite acts as an oxidizing agent, prevents the release of free hydrogen, induces an exothermic reaction, and substantially increases heat generation.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a liquid composition and a powder composition, which are stored separately in normal times, but are mixed and used together during use, and the liquid composition contains 3 to 8% by weight of hypochlorite. The powder composition is made mainly of an acid alkali metal salt and 2.5 to 5% by weight of alkali metal hydroxide, and the powder composition contains 25 to 70% by weight based on the amount of alkali metal hydroxide at the time of use. The main component is aluminum powder, which is supplemented with at least one of alkali metal gluconate, nitrilotriacetate acid 3-alkali metal salt, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate acid 4-alkali metal salt to assist in generating heat. 5 to 5% of the amount of aluminum powder when used.
An exothermic cleaning composition characterized by being made with 30% by weight. 2. The exothermic cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein 95% or more of the aluminum powder has a mesh size of 9 to 100 mesh. 3. The exothermic cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein the liquid composition contains 0.3 to 1% by weight of a surfactant that is stable against the alkali hypochlorite salt. 4. The exothermic cleaning composition according to claim 3, characterized in that lauryl dimethylamine oxide is used as the surfactant. 5. The exothermic cleaning composition according to claim 1, characterized in that 5 to 30% by weight of sodium gluconate is used as the exothermic auxiliary agent in the powder composition.