JPS6228213B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing a special bulky yarn made of thermoplastic multifilament yarn and having a texture and appearance similar to a spun yarn. The method of fabricating a bulky yarn with loops and fluff by brushing multifilament yarn before and/or after fluid turbulence treatment is a well-known technique, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 16268/1983 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 47/1989.
-30735 Publication, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-26738, Japanese Patent Publication No.
51-136947. Processed yarns obtained by these conventionally known techniques have the disadvantage that their strength and elongation are significantly reduced by the napping process, and yarn breakage is likely to occur in higher-order processes. In order to prevent this, reducing the number of fuzz results in a bulky yarn that is not much different from a simple loop yarn, and even fabrics knitted using the bulky yarn have a texture that is no different from fabrics knitted and woven using loop yarns. I couldn't get it. Therefore, attempts have been made to reduce the denier of single filaments and increase the number of filaments in order to suppress the decrease in tenacity and increase the number of fluff. This method has problems in that yarn breakage occurs frequently in the drawing process and the yield is low, and as a result, the yarn cost is too high, making it unsuitable for practical use. On the other hand, in the method of obtaining a bulky yarn by raising the multifilament yarn before and/or after the fluid turbulence treatment, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-24334 describes how to obtain a bulky yarn with a large number of fuzz and high strength. be. In this method, two or more multifilaments are introduced into a fluid turbulence region at different feeding speeds, and the yarn with a high feeding speed is placed on the sheath side, and the yarn with a low feeding speed is placed on the core side, and the core and sheath structures are separated. This is a method of forming a loop yarn and then adding fluff to it by rubbing. This method has the advantage that the filament forming the fluff is the filament on the sheath side forming a loop, and the filament on the core side is not damaged by abrasion, so there is little loss of strength and a relatively wide range of fuzz numbers can be obtained. However, two or more yarn supply systems are required because the feeding speed of each yarn is different.
If yarns of the same denier are used, there will be a difference in the amount of yarn used and the number of yarn exchanges will increase, which is undesirable from the standpoint of equipment and work. Furthermore, the obtained processed yarn has disadvantages such as a significant decrease in elongation due to abrasion and a tendency to breakage in higher-order processes. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for fluffing by rubbing before and/or after fluid turbulence treatment,
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of such prior art. In other words, the disadvantages of the conventional technology are that strength and elongation are low, the number of fuzz is low, the yarn cost is high,
Another problem is that two or more yarn supply systems are required, making the equipment and operation complicated. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a bulky yarn that is simple in terms of equipment, strong, has no fear of reduction in elongation, has a wide range of fluff, and has high processing passability without high processing costs. be. That is, the present invention provides at least two compounds that are incompatible with each other.
supplying a multifilament yarn consisting of a composite filament made of different thermoplastic polymers, with at least a portion of the bonding interface of each constituent polymer communicating with the filament surface, under overfeed conditions;
After contacting a heating element under a tension of 5 to 100 mg/d and applying non-uniform thermal contraction to each filament in the length direction of the filaments constituting the yarn and within the same cross section of the yarn, the fluid pressure is 3 kg/d. cm ² (G) or more to form loops and entanglements before and/or after rubbing with a rubbing tension of 0.05 g/d or more, each of the polymers constituting each filament is This is a method for producing a special bulky yarn characterized by forming fluff. The method for manufacturing bulky yarn of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred process for producing a bulky yarn of the present invention, which is composed of at least two types of thermoplastic polymers that are incompatible with each other, and whose cross-sectional shapes are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. A multifilament yarn 1 made of a composite filament in which at least a part of the bonding interface 17 of each constituent polymer 15, 16 communicates with the filament surface was supplied to the roller 4 via a tensor 3 that suppresses fluctuations in unwinding tension. After that, the roller 4 is brought into contact with the heating element 5 under overfeed conditions between the rollers 6 under a low tension state of 5 to 100 mg/d to give non-uniform thermal contraction between the filaments, and then subjected to fluid turbulence treatment. When performing abrasion treatment in front, the thread is rubbed by the abrasion body 7 under tension between rollers 6 and 8 by 0.05g/
The bonding interface of the polymer constituting the composite filament is peeled off by rubbing with a friction tension of d or more, or the filament is damaged or cut at the same time as the peeling, and as a result, the filament becomes multi-filament, or the filament becomes multi-filament. After fluffing, a fluid pressure of 3 kg/cm ² (G ) handles fluid turbulence and creates loops and entanglements. Next, if the abrasion treatment is performed also after the fluid turbulence treatment, or if it is performed only after the fluid turbulence treatment, the yarn is abraded by the abrasion body 12 under tension between the rollers 11 and 13 with a abrasion tension of 0.05 g/d or more. Then, the bonded interface of the polymers that make up the composite filament is peeled off,
After being given fluff, it is wound up with a winder 14. The yarn supplied in the present invention is a thermoplastic multifilament, which is a composite filament made of at least two types of polymers that are incompatible with each other, and in which at least a part of the bonding interface of each constituent polymer is connected to the filament surface. Filament yarn is required. Here, the two types of incompatible polymers are those that easily peel off at the bonding interface 17 when polymers 15 and 16 are spun and drawn in FIGS. 2 to 5, which show the cross sections of the filament, or If peeling easily occurs at the bonding interface 17 when subjected to , massaging, rubbing, fluid turbulence treatment, etc., the polymers 15 and 16 are said to be mutually incompatible polymers. In addition, a portion of the bonding interface communicating with the filament surface means that the line portion of the bonding interface 17 has an end portion on the circumference of the filament. The boiling water shrinkage rate of the multifilament yarn 1 is preferably 3% or more, more preferably 5% or more in order to improve running stability and bulk when running in contact with a heating body. The temperature of the heating element 5 needs to be above the secondary transition point and below the melting point of the low melting point polymer among the divided components of the composite filament constituting the multifilament, but not above the temperature at which the thermal shrinkage stress of the composite filament is maximum. It is more preferable that In addition, when contacting the heating element, it is necessary to feed it under overfeed conditions, and the overfeed rate A% between roller 4 and roller 6 is set to 4.
It is preferable that ≦A≦15 and 1/2B≦A≦(1/2B+8), and the multifilament yarn needs to be brought into contact between the heating element 5 and the roller 6 under a low tension of 5 to 100 mg/d. (However, B is the boiling water shrinkage rate of the multifilament, and the definition and measurement method will be described later). The tension required during the abrasion treatment performed before the fluid turbulence treatment is such that the divided components of the composite filaments constituting the multifilament yarn are separated, or the composite filaments are fluffed, and the tension between the abrasion body 7 and the roller 8 is required. It is necessary to set it to 0.05 g/d or more. However, the denier d here is the denier of the multifilament yarn fed to the heating element treatment. When performing fluid turbulence treatment, the fluid pressure needs to be 3 kg/cm ² (G) or more to improve the entanglement strength of the loop, and furthermore 4 kg/cm ² (G).
The above is preferable. The conditions for supplying the yarn to the fluid turbulent flow region are not limited as long as they form loops or entanglements under constant length conditions, tension conditions, or overfeed conditions. If the abrasion treatment between the rollers 6 and 8 performed before treatment is omitted, the multifilament will come into contact with the heating element 5, resulting in uneven thermal contraction between the filaments that make up the filament. Since a yarn length difference is formed in the length direction of the yarn and between the filaments, loops and entanglements will be formed if the yarn length difference exceeds the residual overfeed rate. However, it is preferable to feed it under overfeed conditions because the strength of the loops is improved. Note that it is desirable to provide a moisture applying device 9 between the roller 8 and the fluid turbulence nozzle 10 because the strength of loop entanglement is improved if moisture is applied to the multifilament before the fluid turbulence treatment. The tension during the abrasion treatment by the abrasion body performed after the fluid turbulence treatment is the tension at which the different polymers of the composite filaments that make up the multifilament yarn separate;
Alternatively, tension is required to make the composite filament fluff, and between the rubbing body 12 and the roller 13,
0.05 g/d or more is required, and a range of 0.07 to 0.5 g/d is preferable. However, the denier d here is the denier of the multifilament yarn fed to the heating element treatment. The material and shape of the abrasive body may be a normal guide made of alumina or metal, an artificial abrasive made of powder such as fused alumina, artificial corundum, carborundum, or boron carbide, or fine powder such as silica sand, silicic acid anhydride, or diamond. natural abrasives molded with a binder, those attached to the surface of metal, cloth, paper, etc. with adhesives, those with an uneven rough surface such as natural toy, or sharp blades with an uneven surface. It is not limited to a specific material or shape, and any material can be used as long as it can generate fuzz by rubbing the yarn, or it can peel off the bonding interface of the polymers that make up the composite filament. It is also possible to actively rotate the rubbing body in the direction in which the yarn travels or in the opposite direction, to rotate it only by the running tension of the yarn, and to move the thread rubbing part of the scraping body continuously or intermittently. It is. Note that FIG. 1 shows a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In particular, for the abrasion treatment, the multifilament yarn is run in contact with a heating element under low tension, and then the yarn is wound up. The object of the present invention can be achieved by carrying out at least one rubbing process, and it is also possible to omit the scraping body 7 and roller 8 in FIG. 1, or the scraping body 12 and roller 13. Also, the abrasion treatment is not necessarily performed between a pair of rollers, for example, roller 13 is omitted and roller 11 is used.
It is also possible to carry out abrasion treatment using the abrasion body 12 between the winder 14 and the winder 14 . The basis of each component of the present invention will be specifically explained. (1) Since the polymers are mutually incompatible and a portion of the bonding interface communicates with the filament surface, each polymer constituting the composite filament is likely to peel off when it runs in contact with an abrasion body. (2) The tension when running in contact with the heating element is 5 mg/d.
If it is less than
Although the potential bulking capacity increases, running stability deteriorates, resulting in frequent yarn breakage. When the tension exceeds 100 mg/d, it is insufficient to randomly apply heat shrinkage to each filament, and no apparent yarn length difference occurs between the filaments. (3) Applying non-uniform heat shrinkage to the filaments that make up the multi-filament has the effect of increasing elongation, and heat treatment at stages including higher processing steps improves the bulk of the yarn. contributes to an increase in (4) Supplying yarn to the fluid turbulence region creates loops that serve as places to cut to generate fluff, and at the same time generates tangles that provide morphological stability to prevent fluff from slipping out or moving. As a result, a bulky yarn that satisfies bulkiness, fluffiness, pill resistance, strong elongation, etc. can be obtained. (5) The abrasion treatment has the effect of peeling off the joint surfaces of the different polymers that make up the composite filament, creating a multi-filament structure, as well as the effect of imparting fuzz. It is possible to obtain a high bulky yarn. The effect of the present invention, that is, the yarn obtained by the present invention is a bulky yarn having fluff, loops, and entanglements, and has the following quality characteristics. (1) Due to the brushed multi-filament, which has become a fine denier multi-filament, it has a high number of naps and is highly strong. (2) Since the fluff has a fine denier, a soft-touch spun yarn-like knitted fabric can be obtained. (3) Since the yarn core is mostly thick denier filaments that have not progressed to peeling, a knitted fabric with a soft touch and firmness can be obtained. (4) Relaxation heat treatment provides higher elongation than bulky yarn without heat treatment. (5) Furthermore, since each filament is subjected to non-uniform heat treatment, the heat shrinkage rate of the same filament in the length direction and between filaments within the same cross section is non-uniform, and this phenomenon occurs at the stage including high-order processing. When bulky yarn is heat-treated, the difference in shrinkage rate contributes to an increase in bulk. The thermoplastic polymer used in the present invention is, for example, a homopolymer or copolymer such as polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic, polyolefin, polystyrene, etc., and the combination of polymers constituting the composite filament is a combination of mutually incompatible polymers among these polymers. For example, nylon 6 and polyethylene terephthalate,
A combination of polyethylene terephthalate and polystyrene is preferably employed. Further, a small amount of pigment, antistatic agent, flame retardant, etc. may be contained in the polymer. The cross-sectional shape of the composite filament may be either round or irregularly shaped, or may be a mixture of fibers with different cross-sectional shapes. Further, the filaments may have the same denier or may be a mixture of filaments having different deniers. Further, the multifilament yarn may be a mixture of composite filaments that have different shrinkage rates, or may be a mixture of composite filaments that have different recovery after drawing, that is, instantaneous recovery or delayed recovery. In the present invention, the term ``unequal heat shrinkage rate in the longitudinal direction of the same filament constituting a multifilament yarn'' is defined as follows in the present invention. Carefully take out any one filament from the sample multifilament yarn without applying tension as much as possible, cut the filament into approximately 3 cm pieces at 50 arbitrary points, pin clip one end of each, and apply a load of 0.1 g/d to the other end. fixed at 0.1g/d
Under a load of , read the length L ₁ of the filament between the pin clip and a load of 0.1 g/d using a cassette meter. In this case, L ₁ should be 2.0 to 2.5 cm. Next, the distance between the pin clip and the 0.1 g/d load was adjusted to 0.1 g/d by heating at 200°C for 5 minutes with the filament slackened so that it could sufficiently shrink due to heat treatment.
Under a load of g/d, read the length _L2 of the filament between the pin clip and a load of 0.1 g/d using a cassette meter. The dry heat shrinkage rate of the filament is calculated using the following formula. If the measured values show a distribution and the difference between the maximum and minimum values is 4% or more, the heat shrinkage rate in the length direction of the same filament is uneven. Define that there is. Dry heat shrinkage rate of filament (%) = L ₁ -L ₂ /L ₁ ×100 In the present invention, it is defined as follows that the heat shrinkage rate among each filament in the same cross section is non-uniform. Sample multifilament yarn at any point about 3
It is cut into cm pieces and separated into a total number of filaments equal to the number of filaments making up the bulky yarn, applying as little tension as possible. Next, the dry heat shrinkage rate of the separated entire filament was measured using the same measuring method as the dry heat shrinkage rate in the length direction of the same filament described above. If the average value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the dry heat shrinkage rate of the filaments in each cross section is 4% or more, it is defined that the heat shrinkage rates among the filaments in the same cross section are non-uniform. However, if there are multiple peaks when drawing the distribution map of the measured values of heat shrinkage in 1% increments, the difference in heat shrinkage rate between the two peaks when the two peaks with the highest frequency are extracted is The average value (X _A ) at 10 cross sections of is _the average value ( _X When _A ) is 4% or more, it is defined that the heat shrinkage rate among the filaments of the same cross section is non-uniform.The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to examples.Here, the boiling water shrinkage rate, How to measure the number of fuzz,
The definitions of overfeed conditions, constant length conditions, and tension conditions are as follows. (Boiling water shrinkage rate) Let L ₁ be the original length when a load of 2 Dg (D is the drawn yarn denier) is applied to a skein of sample drawn yarn wound 10 times with a skein machine with a circumference of 1 m. Next, after processing in boiling water for 15 minutes without any load, the length when a load of 2Dg is applied is _L2 , and the length is expressed by the following formula. Boiling water shrinkage rate (%) = L ₁ - L ₂ / L ₁ × 100 However, if the yarn used in the present invention is a mixed yarn of filaments with different shrinkage rates, the filament with a higher boiling water shrinkage rate is Let it be the boiling water shrinkage rate of multifilament yarn. (Number of fluff) A bulky yarn of approximately 20 cm is sandwiched between two transparent flat plates under a tension of 0.1 g/d, magnified 17 times and projected onto a screen. The ends of the fluff that can be confirmed are considered fluff, and the fluff is counted for every 10 cm. This is repeated and measured for 50 randomly sampled plants, and the average value is taken as the number of fuzz. (Overfeed conditions, constant length conditions, and tension conditions) When running the yarn in one processing area, when the surface speed of the yarn feeding roller is V ₁ and the surface speed of the take-out roller is V ₂ , the overfeed rate (%) )=V ₁ −V ₂ /V ₂ ×100 If the value obtained is positive, 0, or negative, it corresponds to overfeed, constant length, and tension conditions, respectively. Example Nylon 66 with a relative viscosity of 2.5 at 25°C in 98% sulfuric acid
and the intrinsic viscosity in orthochlorophenol at 25℃ is
0.66 polyethylene terephthalate and each
After melting separately at 278℃ and 282℃, 1:1 at 290℃
The cross-sectional shape shown in Figure 4 was made by combining 15% polyethylene terephthalate and 15% nylon with a weight ratio of 3%.
A composite filament yarn composed of 66 and 16 was spun. The obtained undrawn yarn was drawn with a drawing machine equipped with ordinary hot pins and hot plates, and the boiling water shrinkage rate was 12.0%.
150 denier with strength of 52g/d and elongation of 31%
72 filament drawn yarn was obtained. The following experiment was conducted using the drawn yarn under the conditions shown in Table 1. Experiment No. 1: The method shown in Figure 1, that is, the method in which abrasion treatment is performed before and after fluid turbulence treatment. However, 5 in Figure 1 of the abrasive body has an outer diameter of 10
An alumina round bar with a diameter of 5 mm was used as the abrasive body 12, and abrasive grains with an average powder diameter of 50 μm were electrodeposited on the surface of the round bar with an outer diameter of 5 mm. In addition, each rubbing body was fixed at right angles to the yarn axis, with a contact angle of 60°. Experiment No. 2: Processing was carried out under the same conditions as Experiment No. 1, except that the abrasive body 7 and roller 8 in FIG. 1 were omitted. Experiment No. 3: Experiment No. 3 except that the abrasive body 12 and roller 13 in Fig. 1 were omitted, the abrasive body 7 was replaced with the one used for the abrasive body 12, and the abrasive tension was set to 0.15 g/d.
Processed under the same conditions as 1. The fluid turbulence nozzle used was similar to the nozzle shown in FIG. 1 of JP-A No. 49-87845, which has a turbulence chamber composed of a bench ery and a needle. The properties of the obtained bulky yarn are also listed in Table 1.

[Table] The bulky yarns of experiments No. 1 to No. 3 obtained by the method of the present invention were bulky, soft, spun yarn-like bulky yarns with sufficiently high strength and elongation, and a large number of fuzz. . Each of the woven fabrics using these bulky yarns has its own characteristics, and No.
No. 1 has a soft and warm texture with a lot of fuzz consisting of exfoliated fine denier filaments, and No. 2 has fluff consisting of exfoliated fine denier filaments and non-exfoliated filaments coexisting, It had a firm waist and a mild fluffy feel. In No. 3, the number of fluffs in the unpeeled filament was larger than that of the peeled fine denier filament, and the length of the fluff was slightly uneven, but it was an excellent product with high repulsion. In the table, the terms before and after the rubbing tension refer to the tension between the rubbing body 7 and the roller 8 and the tension between the rubbing body 12 and the roller 13, respectively, in FIG. Comparative Example 1 An experiment was conducted under the following conditions using the composite filament yarn used in the example. Experiment No. 4: Processing was carried out using the method shown in FIG. 1 under the same conditions as Experiment No. 1 of the example except that random heat treatment was omitted. Experiment No. 5: Processing was carried out using the method shown in FIG. 1 under the same conditions as Experiment No. 1, except that the random heat treatment and the abrasion treatment before and after the fluid turbulence treatment were omitted. Experiment No. 6: Experiment 1 except that the method shown in Figure 1 was omitted, but the abrasion treatment before and after the fluid turbulence treatment was omitted.
Processed under the same conditions. The properties of the obtained bulky yarn are shown in Table 2.

[Table] Experiment No. 4, which is a comparative example of Experiment No. 1, which is an example of the present invention, had sufficient peeling and a large number of fine denier fluffs, and the number of fluffs was the same as that of Experiment No. 1. Although the strength and elongation were at the same level, the strength and elongation were significantly lower. Although the abrasion treatment was omitted in Experiments No. 5 and 6, several filaments were separated due to the impact during fluid disturbance, and a small number of them formed fuzz. Note that experiment No. was not subjected to random heat treatment.
Although the strong elongation of No. 5 is greater than that of Experiment No. 6,
This is because the entanglement strength of the loops was lower than in Experiment No. 6, in which fluid turbulence treatment was performed after random heat treatment, and the loops easily slipped out when tension was applied. Comparative Example 2 The polyethylene terephthalate polymer used in the example had a boiling water shrinkage rate of 11.8% and a strength of 5.2.
Using a 150 denier 72 filament drawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn with g/d and elongation of 30%, processing was carried out under the same conditions as in Experiment No. 2 in Table 1. The obtained bulky yarn has a fuzz count of 158/m and a strength of 287
g, elongation is 15.2%, and when compared with Experiment No. 2, which is the present invention, the strength and elongation are at the same level and are sufficiently excellent, but the number of fuzz is less than Experiment No. 2. However, because the denier of the fluff was thick, it felt a little less soft.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred process of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing various examples of composite filaments used in the present invention. 1: Thermoplastic composite multifilament yarn, 2:
Guide, 3: Tencer, 4, 6, 8, 11, 1
3: Roller, 5: Heating body, 7, 12: Scraping body,
9: Moisture imparting device, 10: Fluid turbulence nozzle, 1
4: winder, 15, 16: mutually incompatible polymers, 17: bonding interface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A multifilament drawn yarn consisting of a composite filament consisting of at least two types of mutually incompatible thermoplastic polymers, in which at least a portion of the bonding interface of each component polymer communicates with the filament surface is supplied under overfeed conditions. , 5-100
After contacting a heating body under mg/d tension and applying non-uniform thermal contraction to each filament in the length direction of the filaments constituting the yarn and within the same cross section of the yarn, the fluid pressure is 3Kg/cm ² (G) Formed with each of the polymers constituting each filament by rubbing with a friction tension of 0.05 g/d or more before and/or after supplying the fluid to the above fluid turbulence region and forming loops and entanglements. A method for producing a special bulky yarn characterized by forming fluff.