JPS6229122B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for pressing branch pipes into thick-walled shells used in power engineering, petrochemical and other sectors of the machine building industry, and an apparatus for carrying out the same.

The invention is most effectively used for pressing branch pipes into very large thick-walled shells, such as the casing shell of a nuclear reactor.

The known prior art is (U.S. Patent No.
2065915), hollow cylindrical billet (tube, body)
This is a method of pressing radial branch pipes,
The first step is to drill a hole in the billet wall and simultaneously thicken the wall around the hole, followed by the second step of flanging around the hole to create a branch pipe.

The above method of pressing the branches into the barrel ensures uniform thickness and sufficient height of the walls.

However, flanging the branch pipes distorts the original shape of the trunk. The body is barrel-shaped in the area where it directly connects to the shaped branch, and the rest of the surface is oval-shaped. Therefore, if it is desired to produce a product with the required dimensional accuracy, the shell must be further strained on the outside in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe and dimensionally restricted on the inside in the area adjacent to the branch pipe. It won't happen. Straightening or calibration of such a shell
The method requires extra equipment and personnel, and over a long period of time, the stamping of thick-walled trunk pipes results in considerable expense.

Moreover, the second step of flanging is also quite difficult as it involves pressing the branch pipe into the large diameter shell of the thick-walled shell.

Therefore, the above-mentioned extra work and second step flanging greatly increase the amount of manufacturing labor and reduce labor efficiency.

A similar method is used for non-radial branches, or when the longitudinal axis of the branch is not perpendicular to the surface of the barrel.

This method allows for the planing of branch pipes with uniform wall thickness if the surface of the branch pipe is set at an angle to the branch pipe axis that corresponds to the inclination angle of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe with respect to the body surface. Assure.

If it is necessary to use the above method for stamping non-radial branches with faces perpendicular to the axis of the branch, it is necessary to ensure a uniform wall thickness around the circumference of the branch. has great difficulty.

Moreover, as in the case of radial branches, it is necessary to straighten and size the barrel with extra equipment, which increases the amount of labor required and reduces labor efficiency.

The known prior art is (U.S. Patent No.
(see No. 3022811), this is a device for pressing branch pipes onto the trunk and pipes. The apparatus consists of a flanging die mounted on the movable crosshead of the press and an arbor supported cantilevered on a support mounted on the press bed. The working portion of the flanging punch, which is attached to the arbor by a punch holder, is directed toward the flanging die. The hollow billet is set in a cantilevered arbor and the holes in the billet wall are
Aligned with the punch, both the arbor with the punch and the punch holder are placed inside the barrel.

The known device is capable of pressing radial branch tubes onto the barrel and tube.

However, like the above-mentioned known method, the above-mentioned known device cannot ensure the necessary accuracy of the body dimensions while pressing the branch pipe on the billet.

It is therefore necessary to take up the distortion of the shell on the outside in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe and to dimensionalize the shell on the inside in the area continuous with the branch pipe.

Furthermore, in the process of pressing any type of branch pipe into a thick-walled, large-diameter barrel, the dimensions and weight of the arbor fixed to the support are large, exceeding the load-lifting capacity of the movable bed of the press, and many In this case, transportation of the arbor becomes impossible.

When it is necessary to make branch pipes in thick-walled, large diameter barrels, there are great difficulties in locating the barrel in the arbor, aligning it with the punch, and fitting the equipment into the die space of the press. .

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The main object of the invention is to provide a method for pressing branch pipes into thick-walled barrels and an apparatus for carrying it out, which improves the quality of the pressed product and simplifies its production. This reduces the weight of the equipment and increases press efficiency by performing multiple press operations within one stroke of the press crosshead.

The purpose is to flange the wall of a thick-walled shell around a pre-made hole in the wall;
A branch pipe is constructed, wherein the thick-walled body is dimensioned on the inside in an area continuous with the branch pipe and at the same time distorted on the outside in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe from the side opposite to the location of the branch pipe. This is achieved by a method of pressing branch pipes into a thick-walled body characterized by the fact that

By operating this method, a thick-walled shell is pressed with radial and non-radial branches, i.e. branches whose longitudinal axes are in a direction other than perpendicular to the axis of said shell, and the shape of the shell is Distortion can be minimized, which means that the barrel has a minimal oval shape and that the thick-walled barrel does not barrel in the branch connection area.

It is practical for the thick-walled shell to be dimensionally regulated on the inside and to be strain-relieved on the outside in the area of the shell that exceeds the outer diameter of the root of the branch pipe.

This ensures the necessary accuracy of the shape and dimensions of the barrel and minimizes the forces required to straighten the outer surface of the barrel and to limit the dimensions of the branch connection areas.

Preferably, the flanging of the non-radial branch is carried out simultaneously with a lateral thrust applied to the flanging punch from the side of the short generatrix of the branch.

Therefore, it is possible to press a branch pipe which is arranged non-radially in a thick-walled shell and has a surface perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and whose circumferential wall thickness is uniform. It will be possible.

This method can be carried out by the apparatus described below. In an apparatus for press-forming a branch pipe onto a thick-walled body comprising a flanging die, a punch holder, and a cantilever arbor supporting the flanging punch, the flanging die supports a guide column and supports the guide column. A vertically movable arbor is supported on the column in a cantilevered manner, the arbor is provided with a mechanism for fixing the arbor in an initial position on the guide column, and the flanging die is fixed. The press device is provided with a pusher, which is adapted to move the press machine. mounted on the crosshead and arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the arbor and symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the flanging punch and interacting with the arbor; an additional movable strain relief die supported on the movable crosshead between the punch holder and the punch holder; A press processing device whose shape corresponds to the inner surface of a thick-walled shell.

An apparatus of this design can be used in the above-described method for pressing branch pipes into thick-walled shells on a single-acting general-purpose press machine by heating the shell only once during one stroke of the crosshead of the press machine. ensure the implementation of

Equipment of this design saves weight by cantilevering the arbor and being able to move it along the columns during the stamping of branches into large, thick-walled barrels. It decreases considerably.

The installation of the arbor fixing mechanism ensures that the arbor with the punch is suspended in the uppermost position and that the press bed can be moved outside the press die space and the billet (large body) can be freely inserted into the machine. .

Moreover, the installation of the fixing projections on the die ensures a reliable alignment of the axes of the holes in the barrel wall and the axes of the holes in the flanging die and a high accuracy of the branch pipe dimensions.

It is practical that the punch holder and the lower surface of the strain relief die, which are formed in the shape of the outer surface of the thick-walled shell, have a width that exceeds the outer diameter of the root of the branch pipe and a length that is equal to the length of the thick-walled shell, respectively. It is.

With a punch and strain relief die of such design, the application of minimal force ensures guaranteed dimensional regulation and strain relief of the distorted shell during flanging.

Each fixing mechanism is made in the form of a fixing rod placed horizontally through a channel in the arbor projection, the free end of said rod being inserted into a slot in the guide post, and the other end being inserted into a slot in the guide post. It is practical to connect by another hinge to the shorter arm of a two-armed lever which is hinged to a bracket fixed to the arbor, the tip of the free end of the fixing rod being interacts with the inclined platform of the guide post slot;
It is practical to have a chamber for pulling out the fixing rod from the slot in the guide post when the arbor is raised.

In this way, the arbor is reliably held on the column in the uppermost (initial) position and released after a short rise.

The flanging punch has a post attached to the arbor by a punch holder and a central extension that freely enters a hole aligned along the longitudinal axis of the post and is fixed thereto by a movable bar. It is preferable that it has an assembled structure consisting of a processing part.

The assembly structure of the flanging punch allows its working part to be removed from the post by its weight, thus allowing the arbor to be returned to its initial position with the punch post after completion of the branch press. can be returned freely.

The free end of the arbor is provided with another stop that contacts a stop made in the flanging die above a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flanging punch and aligned towards the longitudinal axis of the arbor. is practical.

In this case, a lateral thrust or lateral force is created, the punch does not move in a preset direction, and presses the non-radial branch, resulting in a uniform wall thickness of the branch.

The stop on the flanging die is preferably provided for rotation about a horizontal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arbor.

This facilitates the insertion of thick-walled barrels into the device and
This is because a necessary clearance is created between the arbor stop and the flange processing die.

The tapered part of the processing part of the punch for flange processing is a truncated conical shape, the angle of the generatrix of the truncated conical shape with respect to the longitudinal axis of the punch is 15° to 30°, and the height of the truncated conical part is , is 0.35 to 0.5 of the diameter of the cylindrical size regulating band, and the above part is complemented by a tapered surface, and the vertical axis of the tapered surface is
It is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flange processing punch, and the inclination angle ψ ₂ of the above tapered surface with respect to the longitudinal axis of the flange processing punch is ψ ₂ =π/2−m(π/2−α), and in this formula, , α is the angle of inclination of the axis of the branch pipe with respect to the plane of the thick-walled barrel, and m is preferably a coefficient varying from 1.8 to 2.2.

This allows the stamping of non-radial branches whose planes are perpendicular to their axis and which have various minimum walls around their circumference.

The pushers may include displaceable stops, which are supported for horizontal movement in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the arbor.

This means that if the maximum height of the press die space is limited and it is not possible to press within one stroke, thick-walled, large-diameter cylinders can be formed within two strokes of the moving crosshead of the press and with a single heating. Enables branch pipes to be pressed.

Now, an embodiment of the method of pressing a branch pipe into a thick-walled trunk according to the present invention and the apparatus for carrying out the same is as follows.
This will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

The method according to the invention is briefly as follows.

A thick-walled shell 1 (Fig. 1) with holes 2 in the side wall for flanging a branch pipe 3 (Fig. 2)
The flanging die 4 is heated to a pressing temperature and placed on the flanging die 4 (FIG. 1).
The hole 2 is coaxially aligned with the hole 5 made in the
It should be adapted to branch pipe 3 (Fig. 2).

The branch pipe 3 is made by inserting an arbor 7 having a punch 8 for flange processing into the space 6 of the thick-walled shell 1 (FIG. 1).
Flange processing is performed by setting the punch 8 coaxially with the holes 2 and 5, but the arbor 7
is subjected to the action of the flanging force P ₁ , and this force is
The information is transmitted to the flange processing punch 8, and the punch
The wall around hole 2 is flanged to form branch pipe 3.
(Fig. 2) is formed. This flanging can be carried out with or without thinning the wall around the hole 2 in the thick-walled shell 1.

At the final stage of flange processing, the band 9 for regulating the cylindrical size of the punch 8 from the branch pipe 3 (Fig. 2)
, the inner surface of the thick-walled shell is dimensionally constrained by an arbor 7 with a force P ₂ at the location where it connects to the branch pipe 3 .

This prevents a convex shape (barrel shape) of the thick-walled shell 1 that occurs during pressing in the area where it connects to the branch pipe 3.

At the same time, the thick-walled shell 1 is strain-relieved on the outside on the side opposite to the location of the branch pipe 3. For this purpose, a force P ₃ is applied on the auxiliary die 10 and the thick-walled shell 1
is straightened in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe 3, that is, the distortion is removed.

This is the thick-walled shell 1 that is produced during the pressing of the branch pipe 3.
minimize the convexity of.

The size regulation of the inner surface of the thick-walled shell and the strain relief on the outer surface are made using branch pipes 3 equal to the arc length of the circumference of the thick-walled shell 1.
This is done in each area whose length exceeds the outer diameter of the root.

A similar method is used to press non-radial branches (not shown in the drawings) by means of flanging punch 11 (FIG. 3). In this case, the vertical axis of the flanging punch 11 and the vertical axis passing through the center of the hole 5 of the flanging die 4 are set at an angle to the surface of the thick-walled shell 1,
This angle is equal to the angle α at which the longitudinal axis of the branch is inclined with respect to the surface of the thick-walled shell 1. Non-radial branches are flanged with side thrusts applied simultaneously to the flanging punch 11 from the side of the short generatrix of the branch. The application of lateral thrust means that during flanging from the side of the longer generatrix of the branch pipe, the flanging force is applied to the shorter generatrix of the branch pipe by the action of a lateral force acting on the flanging punch. Movement of the punch 11 is prevented, thereby ensuring a uniform thickness of the wall around the branch pipe.

The device for pressing radial branch pipes 3 (Figs. 6 and 7) into thick-walled shell 1 (Figs. 4 and 5) around holes 2 comprises a flange with a hole 5 for branch pipe 3. It has a working die 4 and an arbor 7 inserted into the space 6 (FIG. 4) of the thick-walled shell 1, the arbor having a punch 8 with a cylindrical sizing band 9. This device has a strain relief die 10 for acting on the thick-walled shell from above, and may also have a non-radial flanging punch (FIG. 10), the design of which will be described later. This will be explained in detail with an example.

The flanging die 4 (FIG. 4) is installed in the drawer bed 12 of the press and has a recess 13 in its upper part for receiving the thick-walled shell 1. The surface of the recess 13 in the transverse direction has a radius of curvature that corresponds to the radius of curvature of the outer surface of the thick-walled shell 1 .

The width C of the recess 13 exceeds the outer diameter D of the root of the branch pipe 3 in the thick-walled shell 1, so that the thick-walled shell can be freely accommodated on the flanging die 4.

The shape and dimensions of the bore 5 of the flanging die 4 make it possible to obtain a corresponding shape and dimension of the branch pipe 3 in the thick-walled shell 1. The flanging dies 4 have protrusions 14 (FIG. 5) each of which enters a corresponding slot on the opposite side of the thick-walled shell 1. These projections 14 are located in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the recess 13 and the hole 5. The slots 15 are coaxial with each other and their axis of symmetry passes through the center of the bore 2 of the thick-walled shell 1 opposite the bore 5 of the flanging die 4.

Die 4 for flange processing beyond the range of the recess 13
The upper projection 16 supports a vertical guide post 17 with a cantilevered arbor 7 .

The arbor 7 is supported on the guide post 17 by a vertically adapted guide bushing 18 through a channel 19 placed in the projection 20 of the arbor 7. With such a connection, the cantilevered arbor 7 (FIGS. 6 and 7) can be placed perpendicularly to the guide column 17, for example when the thick-walled shell 1 is placed on the flanging die 4. The arbor can then be moved upwards by a crane (not shown in the drawings) to a position where it can enter the space 6 of the shell.

The length of the arbor 7 is sufficient for its end to move beyond the thick-walled shell 1. Arbor 7
The flanging punch 8 attached to the punch holder 22 on the lower surface 21 (FIG. 4) is arranged coaxially with the hole 5 of the flanging die 4.

The shape of the lower surface 23 of the punch holder 22 is similar to that of the thick-walled barrel 1.
The width f of the punch holder 22 corresponds to the shape of the inner surface of
exceeds the outer diameter D of the root of the branch pipe 3 in the thick-walled shell 1, and the length b of the punch holder 22 (FIG. 5) is equal to or greater than the length l of the thick-walled shell 1.

The upper surface 24 of the cantilevered arbor 7 interacts with a support surface 25 of a pusher 26 mounted on a movable crosshead 27 (FIG. 7) of a press (not shown in the drawings) and The flanging punch 8 is arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the punch 8 and symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the flanging punch 8.

The apparatus includes a movable straightening die 10 (FIG. 5) mounted between pushers 26 and on a movable crosshead 27 of the press.

The strain relief die 10 has a recess 28 at the bottom (FIG. 4) facing the thick-walled cylinder 1. The surface of the recess 28 in the transverse direction has a radius of curvature that corresponds to the radius of curvature of the outer surface of the thick-walled shell 1 .

The width n of the recess 28 exceeds the outer diameter D of the root of the branch pipe 3, and the length L (FIG. 5) is greater than the length l of the thick-walled barrel 1. Hole 29 of strain relief die 10
is of such shape and dimensions as to be freely adapted to the branch pipe 3.

The arbor 7 is fixed in the initial upper position by two fixing mechanisms 30 (FIG. 8), each supported by a protrusion 20 of the arbor 7. This mechanism has a fixing rod 31 placed horizontally through a channel 32 made in the wall of the hollow projection 20 of the arbor 7. Free end 33 of fixing rod 31
enters the slot 34 of the column 17 and its lower part rests on the support surface 35 of the slot 34, thus preventing the arbor 7 (FIG. 5) from lowering under its own weight.

The other end of the fixing rod 31 (FIG. 8) is attached to a two-arm lever by a hinge 36.
lever) 37, which lever is connected to the bracket 3 by another hinge 38.
9, this bracket is fixed to a hollow protrusion 20 of the arbor 7.

The longer arm of the two-arm lever 37 (the eighth
) is for pivoting the lever 37 around the hinge 38 and fixing the arbor 7 in its initial position on the column 17.

The tip of the free end 33 (Fig. 8) of the rod 31 is
It has a chamfer 40 which interacts with a slanting platform 41 of the slot 34 in the post 17. Such a design of the rods 31 and slots 34 ensures automatic release of the arbor when the arbor 7 is raised above its initial position.

The flange processing punch 8 (FIG. 9) is assembled from a processing portion and a cylindrical post 42, and the diameter a of this post is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical dimension regulating band 9 of the processing portion of the flange processing punch 8. It is slightly smaller than d and can be made integrally with the punch holder 22.

A hole 43 in the lower part of the post 42 along its longitudinal axis is formed by an extension 4 of the flanging punch 8.
4 is accepted. The punch 8 for flange processing is
Tapered portion 45 and cylindrical size regulating band 9
and the diameter of this band is equal to the diameter of the hole in the branch pipe 3.

The flanging punch 8 is connected to the post 42 by a bar 46, which is connected to the post 42.
It passes through a through hole 47 which is made at the same height as the hole 43 and coaxial with the through hole 48 in the extension part 44 .

With this flange processing punch 8, the branch pipe 3
After pressing, move arbor 7 (fifth) to the initial position.
Figure) ensures free rise. With such a design, the flange processing punch 8 can be attached to the post 42.
(Fig. 9), eliminating resistance to the lifting of the arbor 7 (Fig. 5).

The equipment for pressing branch pipes into thick-walled trunks is
It operates as follows.

In the initial position, the pillar 17 and the punch holder 2
The flanging die 4 with the arbor 7 supporting the flanging die 4 and the flanging punch 8 are moved from the die space of the press.

The flanging die 4 and the arbor 7 are placed on the drawer bed 12 of the press, with the longitudinal axis of the arbor 7 being perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bed 12. The arbor 7 with the punch holder 22 and the flanging punch 8 are raised to the uppermost position and fastened to the column 17 by the fixing mechanism 30 (FIG. 8). The strain relief die 10 and pusher 26 (fifth
) is also raised to the top position.

The thick-walled shell 1 heated to the press temperature is brought into the press by a winding mechanism (not shown in the drawings) and placed on the flanging die 4, whose protrusion 14 is inserted into the thick-walled shell 1. Enter slot 15 on the screen.

This ensures that the axes of the hole 2 of the thick-walled shell 1 and the hole 5 of the flanging die 4 are aligned. On the other hand, the arbor 7 is placed in the space 6 of the thick-walled shell 1,
The longitudinal axis of the flanging punch 8 is passed through the centers of the holes 2 and 5 of the thick-walled shell 1 and the flanging die 4, and is between the lower surface of the flanging punch 8 and the inner surface of the thick-walled shell 1. There will be a certain period of time.

The arbor 7 is then raised by the hoisting mechanism described above, and the chamfer 40 (FIG. 8) of the rod 31 of the fixing mechanism 30 slides on the inclined platform 41 of the slot 34 of the column 17 and is removed from the slot 34. ,2
The arm lever 37 is connected to the hinge 3 of the bracket 39.
Rotate around 8.

Therefore, the arbor 7 (FIG. 5) and the column 17
is removed. Next, in the arbor 7, the tapered part of the flange processing punch 8 (FIG. 9)
It is lowered into a position where it is supported by the edge of the surrounding wall (Fig. 4). The flanging punch 8 (FIG. 9) rests on the edge of the wall as described above and is hinged in the extension 44 to a bar 46 passing through the hole 47 in the post 42 and the hole 48 in the extension 44. , by the upper surface of the cylindrical dimension regulating band 9, the post 4
2 disengages the bar 46, which is removed from the extension 44 and post 42 of the flanging punch 8.

Next, the drawer bed 12 (FIG. 5) of the press with the flanging die 4 and the thick-walled cylinder 1 on said die are moved into the die space of the press, and the thick-walled cylinder is placed between the pushers 26. , the support surface 24 of the arbor 7 is placed below the lower surface 25 of the pusher.

Movable crosshead 27 of the press (6th and 7th
When the lower surface 25 of the pusher 26
acts on the support surface 24 of the arbor 7 and transmits the pressing force to the flanging punch 8, which flanges the edge of the hole 2 in the wall of the thick-walled shell 1, i.e. the hole 5 of the flanging die 4. A branch pipe 3 is formed at this point.

Is the wall of the thick wall shell 1 thinned when the distance between the surface of the cylindrical dimension regulating band 9 of the flanging punch 8 and the surface 5 of the flanging die 4 is greater than the thickness of the shell wall? , or when the above-mentioned distance is considerably smaller than the thickness of the trunk wall, the wall is thinned and the branch pipe 3 is flanged.

Flange processing of branch pipe 3 (Figs. 6 and 7) is as follows:
The cylindrical dimension regulating band 9 of the flange processing punch 8 is completed at the moment it completely comes out from the branch pipe 3. The punch 8 for flange processing is attached to the post 42 (Fig. 9)
It then descends onto the press bed 12 (FIG. 7) even if it is not held by anything. At this moment, the lower surface 23 (FIG. 6) of the punch holder 22 is
It has the same shape and size as the inner surface of the thick-walled shell 1 and limits the dimensions of the area that is in contact with said inner surface and directly connected to the branch pipe 3. This is because the area has a barrel shape during flanging.

At the same time, another strain relief die 10 having a radius of curvature in the transverse direction corresponding to the radius of curvature of the outer surface of the thick-walled shell 1 is provided.
contacts the outer surface of the barrel 1.

As a result of this contact, strain relief of the thick-walled shell 1 is achieved along the diameter in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe 3, thus avoiding barreling of the thick-walled shell 1 that occurs during flanging of the branch pipe 3. It will be done.

In order to reduce the applied forces, the width of the dimensioned and strained portion of the thick-walled barrel 1 is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the root of the branch pipe 3.

This completes the pressing process of the branch pipe 3 on the thick-walled shell 1. Drawer bed 12 of a press with a flange processing die 4 supporting a thick-walled shell 1
is removed from the die space of the press.

The arbor 7 with the punch holder 22 and the punch post 42 (FIG. 9) is raised to the uppermost position by the hoisting mechanism, and by rotation of the two-arm lever 37 (FIG. 8) of the fixing mechanism 30, It is fixed to the pillar 17. The thick-walled shell 1 (FIG. 4) with flanged branch tubes 3 is pulled out of the flanging die 4. The flanging punch 8 remaining in the hole of the flanging die 4 is raised and its extension 44 (FIG. 8) is inserted into the central hole 43 of the post 42.
and is tightened by the bar 46.
The apparatus is prepared for the next branch pipe pressing.

In another embodiment of the apparatus for pressing a non-radial branch pipe 56 (FIG. 11), the free end of the cantilevered arbor 7 (FIG. 10) has a fixed stop 49. provided, its vertical surface 50
interacts with the surface 51 of another stop 52 provided on the flanging die 4, and the stop 4
9 and the surface 51 of the stop 52 are parallel to the axis of the punch 11 and aligned along the longitudinal axis of the arbor 7. The stop 52 of the flange processing die 4 is provided on a horizontal shaft 53 provided on the flange processing die 4, and the stop 52 is attached to the arbor 7.
can rotate in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. The flanging die 4 has a support projection 54, the side surface 55 of which supports a rotating stop 52.

Such a design of the device ensures the application of the lateral thrust that occurs during flanging of the non-radial branch pipe 56 and that the flanging punch 11 is directed towards the short generatrix of the non-radial branch pipe 56. prevent displacement. The pivotability of the stop 52 facilitates the insertion of the thick-walled shell 1 into the device and its placement on the flanging die 4.

Pusher 26 includes a fixed bracket 57 supporting a displaceable stop 58, which stop is movable horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of arbor 7. The replaceable stop 58 can be used if the height of the press die space is limited.
This allows for the flanging of radial branch pipes 3 (FIG. 6) and non-radial branch pipes 56 (FIG. 11) on large diameter thick-walled shells 1.

A flange processing punch 11 (12th
12 has a tapered portion 45 (FIG. 12), the generatrix of which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical dimensioning band 9 at an angle _.psi.1 of 15 DEG to 30 DEG. The height of the truncated conical part of the processing part of the flange processing punch 8 is equal to the diameter (d) of the cylindrical dimension regulating band 9.
It is 0.35-0.5. The truncated conical portion 45 is complemented by a tapered portion 59 whose longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical size regulating band 9 and whose generatrix is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical size regulating band 9. It is inclined to the axis and its angle ψ ₂ is:

ψ ₂ =π/2−m(π/2−α) where α is the inclination angle of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe with respect to the surface of the thick-walled shell, and m is a coefficient of 1.8 to 2.2.

With the flanging punch 11 of such design, a non-radial branch pipe 56 (11th
Ensure flange processing as shown in figure).

The operation of this device is almost the same as that of the first embodiment.

The differences are as follows.

In the initial position, before the thick-walled shell 1 is placed on the flanging die 4, the stop 52 is rotated about the axis 53 until its support surface 51 is horizontal, allowing the pusher 26 to displace. Stop 58
(FIG. 10) is displaced to the left end position on the bracket 57.

After placing the thick-walled shell 1 on the flanging die 4, the stop 52 is rotated so that its surface 51 is vertical, the arbor 7 is released and the punch 7 moves the thick-walled shell 1 around the hole 2. lowered into contact with the edge of the wall. Flange processing die 4 and thick wall shell 1
After the movement of the drawer bed 12 of the press, the branch pipe is pressed within two strokes of the crosshead 27 of the press.

During the first stroke of the crosshead 27, the support surface 25 of the pusher 26 acts on the upper surface 24 of the arbor 7 and causes the first flanging of the branch pipe 56 within the limits of movement of the crosshead 27, which depends on the height of the press die space. Do the steps. At the end of the first flanging stage, the straightening die 10 straightens the thick-walled shell 1 along its diameter.

For final flanging of the non-radial branch pipe 56, the movable crosshead 27 is raised from the middle to the uppermost position. Arbor 7 with punch 11
is left in an intermediate position between the support surface 25 of the pusher 26 and the upper surface 24 of the arbor 7, creating a gap there that is greater than the height of the replaceable stop 58.

The replaceable stop 58 (FIG. 11) is moved to its extreme right position above the bracket 57 of the pusher 26, after which the movable crosshead 27 of the press makes a second stroke. The support surface of the replaceable stop 58 acts on the arbor 7 and performs the final flanging of the branch pipe 56.

During the whole process of flanging the non-radial branch pipe 56, the stop 4 placed at the free end of the arbor 7
The support surface 50 of 9 interacts with the support surface 51 of a stop 52 provided on the flanging die 4.

This prevents the arbor 7 and the punch 11 from moving toward the shorter generatrix of the branch pipe 56 due to the effect of a lateral thrust acting from the side of the longer generatrix of the branch pipe 56. A device of this design ensures flanging of non-radial branches 56 with minimal walls along the edges.

As in the first embodiment of the device, branch pipe 56
After the flange processing, the punch holder 22 is attached to the body 1.
The inner surface of the thick-walled shell 1 is dimensionally regulated, and it is continuous with the branch pipe 56, and the strain relief die 10 relieves strain on the thick-walled shell 1 along its diameter.

The device according to the invention therefore provides a single action for general use by heating the thick-walled shell 1 only once and pressing the branches within one or two strokes of the crosshead 27 of the press. The press is applied to press both radial and non-radial branches into large diameter, thick-walled barrels. At the same time, this device allows the pressing of the branch pipe 3 (FIG. 3) or 56 (FIG. 11) to be carried out by simultaneously controlling the dimensions and eliminating distortion of the thick-walled shell 1 by the device of the present invention. , ensuring a high degree of precision in barrel dimensions.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the thick-walled shell, the flanging die, the strain relief die, and the flanging punch before the start of flange processing, and Figure 2 shows the thick-walled shell and the dimensional restrictions on its inner surface. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inner flange processing die, the strain relief die during strain relief on the outer surface of the shell, and the flange punch in the position of completing the radial branch pipe; FIG. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the thick-walled shell, the flanging die, the strain relief die, and the flanging punch before the branch pipe is pressed, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the vertical axis of the flanging punch of the apparatus for pressing radial branch pipes and in a vertical plane that crosses the thick-walled shell;
FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway longitudinal cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned device taken along the body of the flanging punch along a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis, and FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned apparatus with a cutout and a flange forming punch in a press working completion position. Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to Figure 5;
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the above-mentioned device in a position where the press work is completed, with a portion cut out, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view along the vertical axis of the assembly flange forming punch for pressing a branch pipe in the radial direction, and FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the mechanism. Fig. 11 is a partially cutaway longitudinal cross-sectional view along the punch and across the body of an apparatus for pressing non-radial branch pipes with a flanging punch; Fig. 12 is a partially cutaway enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an assembly flange processing punch for pressing a non-radial branch pipe into a thick-walled shell; It is. 1: thick-walled shell, 2: hole in shell wall, 3: radial branch pipe, 4: flanging die, 5: hole in flanging die, 6: shell space, 7: arbor, 8:
Punch for flanging radial branch pipes, 9: Band for regulating cylindrical size of punch, 1
0: Strain relief die, 11: Punch for flanging a non-radial branch pipe, 12: Drawer bed of the press, 13: Recess of the flanging die, 14: Protrusion on the flanging die, 15:
Slot in thick-walled shell, 16: Protrusion on flange processing die, 17: Guide column, 18: Guide bushing,
19: Vertical penetration channel, 20: Arbor projection,
21: Lower surface of arbor, 22: Punch holder, 2
3: Bottom surface of punch holder, 24: Top surface of arbor,
25: Support surface of pusher, 26: Pusher, 2
7: Movable crosshead of press, 28: Recess of strain relief die, 29: Hole of strain relief die, 30: Arbor fixing mechanism, 31: Fixing rod, 32: Penetrating horizontal channel, 33: Fixing rod Free end of, 34: Slot of column, 35: Supporting surface of slot, 36: Hinge, 37: 2 Arm lever, 3
8: Hinge, 39: Bracket, 40: Chamfer on the surface of the free end of the rod, 41: Inclined platform of the slot, 42: Cylindrical post of the punch,
43: Punch post hole, 44: Punch extension part,
45: Tapered part of punch, 46: Bar, 48:
Transverse hole through the extension, 49: stop on the arbor,
52: Stop on die for flange processing, 53:
horizontal axis of the stop, 54: support projection on the flange die, 56: non-radial branch pipe, 58: displaceable stop of the pusher, 59: having a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis of the cylindrical dimension control band; The tapered surface of the punch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of flanging a wall around a pre-made hole in a thick-walled shell and pressing a branch pipe into the thick-walled shell, the method comprising: Using a punch holder having a surface, a flanging punch, and a flanging die, the wall of the thick-walled shell is flanged to form the branch pipe, and the branch pipe of the thick-walled shell on which the branch pipe has been formed is flanged. The surface of a punch holder shaped correspondingly to the inner surface of the thick-walled barrel is pressed against the inner surface of the continuous area to modify said inner surface to the desired shape, while at the same time the side opposite to the location of the branch pipe is pressed. In the direction of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe, a strain relief die located on the outside of the thick-walled shell and having a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the thick-walled shell is installed on the outer surface of the thick-walled shell on which the branch pipe is formed. A method for press-forming a branch pipe into the thick-walled trunk, characterized in that the outer diameter under the outer surface is corrected to a predetermined shape by pressing the lower surface of the die. 2. In the press working method as set forth in claim 1, the size regulation of the inner surface of the thick-walled shell 1 and the distortion relief of the outer surface of the shell are performed by forming the thick-walled shell 1 larger than the outer diameter of the base of the branch pipe 3. A press working method characterized in that it is carried out along the length of the arc of the body 1. 3 In the press working method according to claim 1, the non-radial branch pipe 56 is
6. A press working method characterized in that flanging is simultaneously performed by a lateral thrust applied to a flanging punch 11 from the side of the shorter generatrix of No. 6. 4. In an apparatus for press-forming a branch pipe into a thick-walled body, which includes a flanging die, a punch holder, and a cantilever arbor supporting the flanging punch, the flanging die supports a guide column,
A vertically movable arbor is supported in a cantilevered manner on the guide column, and the arbor is provided with a mechanism for fixing the arbor in an initial position on the guide column, and the flange processing die is provided with a mechanism for fixing the arbor in an initial position on the guide column. has fixing protrusions, these protrusions interact with corresponding slots on the surface of the thick-walled shell, and the press working device is provided with a pusher, which pushes the mounted on the movable crosshead of the stamping device, arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the arbor 7, symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the flanging punch, and interacting with the arbor; The stamping apparatus also includes an additional movable strain relief die supported on the movable crosshead between the pushers, the lower surface of the strain relief die corresponding in shape to the outer surface of the thick-walled shell. Further, in the press processing apparatus, the lower surface of the punch holder corresponds in shape to the inner surface of the thick-walled barrel. 5. In the press processing apparatus according to claim 4, the punch holder 22 and the lower surface of the strain relief die 10 whose shape corresponds to the outer surface of the thick-walled barrel 1 are located outside the root of the branch pipe. A press working device characterized by having widths n and f larger than the diameter D, and lengths L and b larger than the length l of the thick-walled shell 1. 8. In the press working apparatus according to claim 4, each of the above-mentioned fixing mechanisms 30 includes a horizontal penetrating channel 32 in the protrusion 20 of the arbor 7.
The free end 33 of said rod 31 enters the slot 34 of said guide post 17, and the other end of said rod
It is connected by a hinge 36 to the short arm of a two-armed lever 37, which is attached by another hinge 38 to a bracket 39 fixed to the arbor 7 and connected to the fixing rod 31. At the tip of the free end 33 of the guide column 17
The guide column 17 interacts with the inclined platform 41 of the slot 34 of the guide post 17 after the arbor has been raised.
A press working apparatus characterized in that a chamfer 40 is provided for pulling out the fixing rod 31 from the slot 34 of the press working apparatus. 7. In the press working apparatus according to claim 4, the flange processing punch 8 is arranged along the vertical axis of the post 42 attached to the arbor 7 by the punch holder 22. a working part 45 having a central extension 44 which freely enters a hole 43 in which the working part 45 is fixed in place by a removable bar 46; Device. 8. In the press working apparatus according to claim 4, above a vertical plane that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flange punch 11 and aligned along the longitudinal axis of the arbor 7, A press working apparatus characterized in that the free end of the press working apparatus has a stop 49 that comes into contact with the stop 52 of the flanging die 4. 9. The press working apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the stop 52 of the flange forming die 4 is rotatable around a horizontal axis 53 parallel to the vertical axis of the arbor 7. Press processing equipment. 10 In the press working apparatus according to claim 7, the tapered portion of the flanging punch 11 has a truncated conical shape, so that its generatrix is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the flanging punch 11. The height H of the truncated conical portion is 0.35 to 0.50 of the diameter of the cylindrical dimension regulating band 9, and has a tapered surface 59. The vertical axis of is parallel to the vertical axis of the flange punch 11, and the angle ψ ₂ of the generatrix of the tapered surface with respect to the vertical axis of the flange punch 11 is ψ ₂ =π/2−m(π/2 −α), where α is the inclination angle of the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe with respect to the surface of the thick-walled trunk, and m
A press processing device characterized in that the coefficient is 1.8 to 2.2. 11. The press working apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the pusher 26 is provided with a replaceable stop 58, and this stop is movable horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the arbor 7. Press processing equipment.