JPS6230508B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to using solar energy to melt and remove a decrease in power generation efficiency caused by ice formation, snow accumulation, etc. on the surface of a solar cell panel installed and fixed outdoors.

In recent years, it has been said that oil resources are decreasing, and there is a corresponding social demand for alternative energy.In addition, solar battery power sources have been adopted in wireless communication relay equipment, etc. due to improvements in device reliability and energy savings. At the same time, the demand for long-term maintenance-free maintenance is increasing. However, there is a very high possibility that such wireless relay stations and the like will be installed at high places with good geographical visibility or in mountainous areas. Therefore, in cold regions or during the winter, snow may adhere to or freeze on the solar panel surface of the solar battery power system.
This significantly reduces the power generation efficiency of the solar cells, resulting in an uneconomical system that requires a large amount of storage batteries and solar cells in the power supply system.

In view of these problems, the present invention aims to provide a solar panel device that melts and removes ice and snow on the surface of a solar panel. In order to receive the most efficient solar radiation, solar cells should be installed facing due south in the northern hemisphere, and the installation angle of the solar panel should be closer to the direction of the sun during the winter, when there is generally less solar energy, to improve the efficiency of the system. This means that the installation angle of the panel surface is larger than the latitude of the installation location, and the higher the latitude where snow falls, the steeper the panel surface slope becomes. In addition, since the installation faces south so that solar energy can be received most efficiently, conditions are good for melting snow that has adhered to the panel. It begins to melt due to sunlight,
If the pattern of snow falling again due to a drop in temperature and falling snow is repeated, the contact area between the panel surface and the snow will become frozen and the snow will continue to accumulate for a long time, or the temperature will temporarily drop. The present invention focuses on the fact that when the temperature rises and rain begins to melt ice, snow, etc. on the panel surface, freezing will occur again on the panel surface as the temperature decreases. This is achieved by actively heating the surface to cause melting and separation on this surface, thereby removing and even preventing ice and snow from falling off.

Therefore, a feature of the present invention is that the incident sunlight energy is collected from a light receiving window that faces at least the back side of the solar cell panel arranged at an angle across a space and that allows sunlight to enter the back side of the solar cell panel. A light-receiving surface that reflects or absorbs heat is provided, the space is surrounded by a wall surface to thermally isolate it from the outside world, and the side cross-sectional shape of the space is maximized to have a window-like opening,
The direction opposite to the window-like opening is narrow and substantially wedge-shaped, and a heat storage means is provided inside the space. In this way, the back side of the solar panel surface is heated by the reflected light of solar energy, which warms the space, melts the ice on the contact area of the snow on the top of the panel surface, and causes the snow to fall off. It is something.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of an embodiment of a solar cell panel device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1. A solar panel 1 is fixedly installed on an installation frame 4 so that its surface faces the sun at an inclination of a predetermined angle with the ground surface, and a surface 2 that is on the lower side of this panel 1 and faces across a space. An opening is formed with the sunlight incident side of the space serving as a window 3. 5 is snow accumulation on the panel surface 1.

In the above state, sunlight 6 enters through the window 3 and enters a part of the light-receiving surface 2, and depending on the reflectance of this surface 2, reflected light 6' and surface 2 are reflected toward the back surface of the panel surface 1. warm up. The reflected light 6' is efficiently converted into heat by, for example, a black body treatment applied to the back surface of the panel surface 1, and the amount of heat that warms the surface 2 is converted by radiation or by air flow convecting in the space. to warm the back side of panel 1. As a result, snow accumulation 5 on the surface of panel 1
melts the boundary surface and causes snow to fall. The range of sunlight 6 that enters the surface 2 is determined almost depending on the size of the window 3, and if the side surface 21 is opened to function as a window, the surface will be illuminated even during sunlight hours other than before and after midday. It is possible to receive sunlight incident on 2. Also, if surface 2 is a mirror surface, most of the incident light can be reflected to the back surface of panel 1, and if surface 2 is made a black body surface, most of the incident light can be transferred to the panel 1 surface by radiant heat and convection. possible. In the intermediate state, the heat transfer mode takes place accordingly.

In the present invention, the side surface of the space facing the panel 1 and the light-receiving surface 2 is opened in the above-mentioned state, but this side surface is shielded as a heat insulating wall surface 21 that thermally isolates the outside world from the space, and the front surface is As shown in Figure 2, if the window 3 is a double-layer glass window with excellent heat ray transmission, and the lower back surface of the light-receiving surface 2 is also a heat-insulating surface, rain, snow, dust, etc. will not enter the space, and the heat receiving effect will be good. The solar heat incident on the panel does not escape much other than warming the panel surface 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the window portion 3 is opened sufficiently wide and the upper space 22 is narrowed to have a wedge-shaped cross section, the slope of the incident surface 2 becomes steep, and the incident light 6 is effectively reflected, that is, the reflected light 6' is rapidly reflected. In addition to allowing the sunlight to reach the back surface of the panel, since the sunlight is concentrated below the surface 2, the entire space is effectively heated by convection, which is preferable.

The present invention can further include a heat storage member (not shown) with a large heat capacity inside, which stores heat during the day when the sun is shining and radiates the heat at night or when the temperature suddenly drops, preventing snow or ice from forming on the panel surface. In addition to being able to prevent or reduce the amount of heat generated, it is also expected to act to suppress the rise in temperature of the solar cell panel in the summer, thereby increasing the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell at high temperatures. In this case, heat is radiated during nighttime rain and averaged when the sun shines again.

As explained above, according to the present invention, snow and ice that accumulate on the solar panel surface due to snowfall can be actively melted and fallen from the back surface of the panel surface using solar heat, and therefore artificial To provide a solar panel device which is stable and can efficiently generate electricity by solar cells without any maintenance for a long period of time since it does not require any special power source or a special power source, and which acts to protect from high temperatures in summer. The practical effects that can be achieved are remarkable.

In addition, the device of the present invention does not have to be completely sealed, but can be prevented from becoming too high by providing an opening/closing window controlled by a bimetal mechanism or a temperature detection means such as a thermistor to appropriately exchange the internal air. Equipment can also be installed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of an embodiment of a solar cell panel device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1. In the figure, 1 is a solar cell panel, 2 is a light receiving surface, 3 is a window, 4 is a frame, 5 is snow, and 6 is incident light.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light-receiving surface that reflects or absorbs incident sunlight energy from a light-receiving window that faces the back surface of the solar cell panel arranged at an angle with a space therebetween, and that receives sunlight. A solar cell panel device characterized in that the incident light energy received on the surface heats the solar cell panel from the back side to melt and remove ice, snow, etc. on the surface of the solar cell panel. 2. The solar cell panel device according to claim 1, wherein the space is thermally isolated from the outside world by a wall surface. 3. The side cross-sectional shape of the space is approximately wedge-shaped, with the window-like opening being the largest and narrowing in the direction facing the window-like opening. Solar panel equipment. 4. The solar cell panel device according to claim 2, characterized in that a heat storage means is provided inside the space.