JPS6232401B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an intersecting angle measuring tool for flat polished surfaces, which is used, for example, to measure the angle formed between the top surface of a jewel such as a diamond or other small object and its slope. .

Conventionally, there is a method of measuring the angle at which the flat polished surfaces of a small object such as a jewel intersect with each other by holding both sides of the small object with tweezers and visually measuring it, but this is extremely difficult and requires great skill. Therefore, measurement is almost impossible, especially when jewelry is attached to a frame such as a ring.

Additionally, a device called a proportion scope is used to perform optical measurements by enlarging a small object and projecting it onto a screen to measure the intersecting angle. In addition, the device is large and heavy, making it difficult to carry and expensive.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems with conventional measuring devices, and to provide a measuring tool that is extremely small enough to fit in a pocket, inexpensive, and capable of measuring intersecting angles with considerable accuracy. It is something to do.

As _shown in FIG _. , c and the angle θ formed by the center 0 of the circumference a are equal, and the reflection of light is used.

That is, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a small object 5 having intersecting planar polished surfaces 3 and 4 is fixed to a main body 2 whose reflecting surface 1 is a circumferential surface having a center 0 by some kind of fixing means. , the angle θ formed by the tangents l ₁ and l ₂ on the circumference parallel to each plane polished surface 3 and 4 is equal to the intersection angle of the polished surfaces 3 and 4, and the point c on the circumference and the polished surface 4 It is designed to detect parallel light beams that hit the top and reflect as shown by the arrow, and measure using the scale provided on the main body 2. Since the circumference is a regular polygon with no steps, it is difficult to detect reflections. It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if the surface 1 is a polygon close to the circumference.

The configuration of the present invention is such that the main body has a reflective surface along the circumference or a polygonal surface close to the circumference, at an appropriate location.
A fixing means for fixing a small object having intersecting planar polished surfaces is provided, and the fixing means is used to fix the small object to the main body, and the reflecting surface parallel to the planar polished surface serving as a reference for the small object is set to 0 degrees, and then the object is adjusted to a necessary range. One is provided with an angle scale indicating the angle of the reflecting surface, and the other is provided with a protrusion for holding a ring or the like having the small object on the substrate with this structure with the small object facing upward.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the measuring tool of the present invention will be explained below based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
12 is a polygonal reflective surface 11 that is circumferential or close to the circumference.
A clip 16 is provided at an appropriate position on the side of the main body 12 as a means for fixing a small object 15,
An angular scale on the reflective surface 11 is provided. Since this clip 16 holds the small object 15 with the elasticity of the spring, it is necessary that the tip of the clip 16 has a shape suitable for holding the small object 15. In this embodiment, prior to measurement, a single light source must be prepared that is fixed as far as possible above and in front of the person being measured.
This light source is better to be a long, slender light source like a single long straight fluorescent lamp, rather than a spot type like a light bulb.
In this case, it is provided so as to be long in the lateral direction with respect to the measurer.

Next, the small object 1 held by the clip 16
The fixed angle of the small object 15 is set so that the standard polished surface of No. 5, that is, the plane polished surface 13 on the top of the small object 15 shown in FIG. adjust.

In order to make adjustments in this way, the point on the angle scale of 0 degrees on the reflective surface 11 and the polished surface 13 of the small object to be measured 15 must be adjusted.
The small object 15 may be moved and fixed in such a way that the light reflected from the light source reflected from both sides is visible to the measurer's eyes at the same time. Also, at this time, the other flat polished surface 14 of the small object 15 is directed toward the larger angle scale.

After the polished surface 13 serving as the reference of the small object 15 and the 0 degree reflective surface 11 of the main body 12 are made parallel in this way,
Hold the side with the larger angle scale, that is, the left side in Figure 4, facing the measuring person, and rotate the main body 12 along the reflective surface in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4 so that the side with the larger scale gradually moves upward. Or, by changing the viewing direction without rotating the main body 12, the small object 1 can be detected.
When the reflected light from the other flat polished surface 14 of 5 enters the eye of the measurer, check the point where the reflection of the light is visible on the reflective surface 11 while holding the main body 12 at that angle.

At this time, the reading of the angle scale at the position where the light is reflected on the reflecting surface 11 is the intersecting angle of the two planar polished surfaces 13 and 14 to be measured.

When using the measuring tool of the present invention, the most important thing is how to accurately align the plane polished surface 13, which serves as a reference, with the tangent to the 0 degree angle scale point of the reflective surface 11. In order to do this easily and accurately, it is preferable to fix a planar reflector 17 at a suitable position on the main body 12 so as to be parallel to the tangent passing through the 0 degree point as shown in FIG.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
8 is fixed so as to be parallel to the tangent to the 0 degree point of the reflective surface 11, a clip 20 with the shaft 19 as a fulcrum is provided at the bottom thereof, and the tip of this clip 20 is pushed up by a spring 21.

In this case, a small object 1 is placed above the tip of the clip 20.
5, and when its flat polished surface 13 is applied to the lower surface of the receiving plate 18, the polished surface 13 becomes parallel to the tangent passing through 0 degrees, so the subsequent measurements are carried out in the same manner as in the first embodiment. In addition, in this method, the light beam passes through the transparent receiving plate 18 and hits the polishing surface 14, and the reflected light also passes through the transparent receiving plate 18, so when the light passes through the receiving plate 18, it is refracted, but the incident light and Since the reflected light is refracted at the same angle, the refraction by the receiving plate 18 is canceled out.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the receiving plate 22 fixed to the side surface of the main body 12 is an opaque plate such as a metal plate whose upper and lower surfaces are parallel, and the upper surface is a reflective surface 23, and this surface 23 is a reflective surface. A notch 24 is provided parallel to the 0 degree tangent of 11 and on the measuring person's side of this receiving plate 22.

Below the receiving plate 22, a vertical round bar-shaped support member 2 is attached to a support frame 25 fixed to the side surface of the main body 12.
6 is attached so that it can be raised and lowered and rotated freely. A recess 27 for receiving the lower end of the small object 15 is formed in the upper end surface of the support member 26, and a spring 28 for pushing the member 26 upward is provided between the collar fixed midway through the member 26 and the lower piece of the support frame 25. Attachment: A knob 29 is provided at the lower end of the member 26.

In the case of this embodiment, the support member 26 is pulled down using the knob 29, the lower end of the small object 15 is fitted into the recess 27 at the upper end, and when the support member 26 is returned to its original position, the elasticity of the spring 28 causes the polishing surface 13 of the small object 15 to is pressed against the lower surface of the receiving plate 22, and the other polished surface 14 intersecting with the polished surface 13 is exposed at the notch 24. Thereafter, measurements are carried out in the same manner as in each of the above examples.

In addition, in the case of this embodiment, when the small object 15 is held between the support member 26 and the receiving plate 22 and the member 26 is turned using the knob 29, the small object 15 rotates and crosses the polishing surface 13. The entire circumference of the polished surface 14 can be measured.

However, in the case of this embodiment, the small object 15 cannot be used unless it is larger than a certain size, that is, the other polished surface 14 that intersects with the flat polished surface 13 on the upper surface appears in the notch 24. By using a transparent plate, even a small item in which the polished surface 14 does not appear in the notch 24 can be measured in the same manner as in the example shown in FIG.

Furthermore, instead of the support member 26, a clip is provided at the bottom of the receiving plate 22, as shown in FIG. However, in this case, the small object 15 cannot be rotated.

In the example shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a U-shaped frame 30 is attached to the support member 26 having the structure shown in FIGS.
The member 26 and the frame 30 are configured to move up and down together by sandwiching the members 26 and the frame 30, and a protrusion 31 made of an elastic material is fixed to the outside of the frame 30.

In this case, as shown by the chain line in FIG.
1, turn the ring 32 and touch the reflective surface 23.
After observing the reflection of light on the flat polished surface 13 of the small object 15 and making the reflective surface 23 and the polished surface 13 parallel, the process is the same as the other examples. Furthermore, in this embodiment, if only the small object 15 is present, it can be measured using the support member 26 in the same manner as in the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.

In addition, as a measuring tool for measuring only small objects attached to a ring, the same protrusion 31 as shown in FIGS.
It can be measured using the same method as the example shown in FIGS.

FIG. 10 shows a measuring tool for measuring only small objects attached to a ring.
The upper end of the member is attached by a shaft 34, and a protrusion 35 made of the same material as the above-mentioned protrusion is fixed to this member 33.

In this embodiment, the ring 32 is placed on the protrusion 35, and the polished surface 13 of the small object 15 on the upper part is polished on the main body 12.
At this time, when the swinging member 33 is rotated, the angle of the polishing surface 13 is changed while the ring 32 is fixed to the protrusion 35. Adjust the direction of light reflection, and align the polished surface 13 with the reflective surface 11 in the same way as in FIG.
The swinging member 33 is placed parallel to the tangent line of the point of the main body 1.
2, and then the polished surface 14 is measured in the same manner as in the other examples.

In addition, in FIG. 12, when the light source and the position of the measurer's eyes are far enough from the reflective surface 1 and the small object 5 to be regarded as infinite, the light emitted from the same light source and the flat polished surface of the small object 5 4 rays of light
The ray l ₇ and the ray l ₈ hitting the reflective surface 1 are considered parallel.

Therefore, the light ray _l9 reflected from the flat polished surface 4 and the light ray _l10 reflected at point C on the reflective surface 1 are considered to be parallel, and cannot be visually recognized by the eyes of the measurer who is sufficiently far away. can. That is, the explanation is the same as in FIG.

However, the light source and the measurer's eyes are usually not far enough away, and the flat polished surface of the small object and the reflection point on the reflective surface are not at the same position, but are misaligned.

Therefore, the light ray l ₇ that comes out from the same light source A and hits the flat polished surface 4 and the light ray l ₁₁ that hits the reflective surface 1 are the first
As shown in Figure 2, the two rays l ₉ and l 12 reflected from the two points (point C' on the flat polished surface and the reflective surface 1) which are not parallel and are _misaligned in position are finite. In order for these reflected rays l9 and _{l12 to be seen by the measurer's eye B at a distance of , these reflected rays l9 and l12 must} be concentrated at one point at the measurer's eye position,
They are not parallel as shown.

At this time, the position of the reflection point on the reflection surface 1 is the bisector of the angle between the light source, the center O, and the measurer's eye l ₆
and the reflecting surface 1 become the intersection point C'.

Therefore, theoretically, θ degrees should be scaled at point C, but more accurate measurements can be made by making a modification to provide a θ degrees scale at point C'.

In addition, in FIG. 12, l ₀ is the flat polished surface 3
and a tangent on the reflective surface 1 parallel to this polished surface 3
l is a line perpendicular to l ₁ , l ₂ is a tangent on point C, l ₃ is a tangent on point C', l ₄ is a straight line connecting light source A and point O, l ₅ is a line connecting the measurer's eye B and point O. It is a connecting line.

The measuring tool of this invention can measure the intersection angle of two polished surfaces of a small object such as a diamond or other gemstone with considerably high accuracy by using the extremely simple method of utilizing the direction of light reflection as described above. I can do it. Moreover, since the measuring tool of the present invention is extremely small enough to be placed in the palm of the hand, it can be carried in a pocket or the like and used anywhere.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are drawings showing the principle of the measuring tool of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the first embodiment showing the basic configuration of the measuring tool of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the main parts of the same. A partially cutaway enlarged front view, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a side view of the third embodiment, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the same as above, and FIG. 8 is a fourth embodiment. Example side view,
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the same as above, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 11 is an enlarged side view showing an example of a small object, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a method of correcting errors. 1, 11... Reflective surface, 2, 12... Main body, 3,
4, 13, 14...Flat polished surface, 5, 15...Small object, 17...Reflector plate, 18...Transparent receiving plate, 2
2... Receiving plate, 23... Reflective surface, 24... Notch, 2
6...Supporting member, 31, 35...Protrusion, 32...
ring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fixing means for fixing a small object having intersecting flat polished surfaces is provided in a proper position of a main body having a reflective surface along a circumference or a polygonal surface close to a circumference, and this fixing means is provided. The flat polished surface of the small object is fixed to the main body by a means, with the reflective surface parallel to the flat polished surface serving as a reference being 0 degrees, and an angle scale indicating the angle of the reflective surface over a necessary range from that point. Cross angle measuring instrument. 2. The intersecting angle measuring instrument for a flat polished surface of a small object as claimed in claim 1, wherein a reflecting plate is provided at a suitable position on the side of the main body, the upper surface of which is a reflecting surface parallel to the tangent to the 0 degree point. 3. Fix a transparent receiving plate whose upper and lower surfaces are parallel to the tangent line of the 0 degree point to an appropriate location on the side of the main body, and press a flat polished surface that will serve as a reference surface for small objects onto the lower surface of this receiving plate. Claim 1, which is provided with a holding means
An instrument for measuring the intersection angle of a flat polished surface of a small object as described in 2. 4. A receiving plate whose upper and lower surfaces are parallel to the tangent line of the 0 degree point is provided at an appropriate position on the side of the main body, and an appropriate holding means is provided to press a flat polished surface that serves as a reference surface for small objects onto this receiving plate, and the main body is The edge of the receiving plate on the side where the angle scale of the reflecting surface increases is provided with a notch that exposes the other polished surface that intersects with the polished surface that serves as a reference for a small object crimped to the lower surface of the receiving plate. An instrument for measuring the intersection angle of a flat polished surface of a small object according to claim 1. 5. The flat polished surface of a small object according to claim 4, wherein the support member for the small object, which presses the flat polished surface serving as a reference onto the receiving plate having a notch, is configured to be able to rotate together with the small object. Cross angle measuring instrument. 6. A ring, etc., which has a small object with a flat polished surface that intersects with the side surface of the body that has a reflective surface along the circumference or a polygonal surface close to the circumference, is held with the small object facing upward. A cross angle measuring instrument for a flat polished surface of a small object according to claim 1, wherein the instrument is provided with a section. 7. An intersecting angle measuring instrument for a flat polished surface of a small object as set forth in claim 6, wherein a protrusion for holding a ring or the like having a small object is provided on a swinging member that is swingably attached to the side surface of the main body. .