JPS6233277B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for hydrogenating fats and oils.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of hydrogenating fats and oils to produce fats and oils with good color tone and high content of trans isomers.

Conventionally, a method of hydrogenating fats and oils using a sulfur-poisoned nickel catalyst has been used as a method for producing fats and oils with a high content of trans isomers. Furthermore, there is a method in which sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine are added using a reduced nickel catalyst that is not poisoned, and hydrogenation is performed while being poisoned, but this method produces an unpleasant odor characteristic of amino acids during hydrogenation. However, it is not favorable for the working environment.

Another drawback was that the color tone of the hardened oil was hardly improved.

The purpose of the present invention is to hydrogenate fats and oils without using additives that are undesirable in terms of the working environment, to produce hydrogenated oils with good color tone and flavor, and to control the degree of isomerization of fats and oils arbitrarily with little variation through very simple operations. The object of the present invention is to provide an isomerization-hydrogenation method that can hydrogenate fats and oils to produce hydrogenated fats and oils with good color tone and high trans content.

That is, the present invention uses an oil with an iodine value of 50 to 150 to a normal hydrogenation catalyst and the oil with an iodine value of 50 to 150.
This is a method for producing fats and oils with good color and high trans content, which is characterized by hydrogenation at a temperature of 160 to 220°C in the presence of 1000 ppm of sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite.

The raw material fats and oils of the present invention include, for example, natural (animated)
Vegetable oil or mixed oil and hydrogenation, fractionation,
transesterification, acidolysis, alcoholysis,
Examples include processed oils and fats that have been subjected to treatments such as wintering. In addition, it is naturally necessary that the raw material fats and oils contain unsaturated fatty acids as bound fatty acids.
The iodine value is preferably about 50 to 150.

The amount of sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite used in the present invention is usually within the range of 50 to 1000 ppm based on the raw material oil, and the amount of catalyst added is
It can be changed as appropriate within the above range depending on the hydrogenation conditions and the degree of isomerization desired for the product, but preferably 60~
A range of 500ppm is desirable.

The hydrogenation of the present invention can be carried out using, for example, a nickel catalyst, copper-
It can be carried out by using a known hydrogenation catalyst such as a nickel catalyst or a copper chromium manganese catalyst and bringing hydrogen into contact with the raw material oil or fat at a temperature of 160 to 220°C under normal pressure or under pressure.

According to the method of the present invention, if the type of raw material, type of catalyst, amount of catalyst added, and hydrogenation conditions are constant, sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite can be quantitatively controlled.
When trying to obtain hydrogenated fats and oils with a specific trans-isomer content, it is possible to produce the desired product with very simple operations with little variation, and it has the effect of obtaining a product with a very good color tone. There is.

Further, the potassium metabisulfite used in the present invention is a food additive, and the sodium metabisulfite itself is a mixture containing 93% or more of sodium metabisulfite according to the regulations for sodium bisulfite, which is a food additive. It is.

The hydrogenated oil and fat obtained by the method of the present invention has a very good color tone, and the amount of clay required in the subsequent decolorization step is small, and since it is an oil and fat with a high content of trans-isomer, it melts well in the mouth, and can be used as it is, for example, as a cacao substitute. It is used for uses such as oil and coconut substitute fat, and this hydrogenated oil and fat is further subjected to fractionation treatment such as solvent separation or treatment such as transesterification, and is used for various purposes in addition to the above-mentioned uses. .

Examples of the present invention will be shown, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Palm soft part oil (iodine value 56.6) 900g (color tone
2.3/24 Lovibond 2″ Cell) 2.7 g of commercially available nickel catalyst (nickel content 23%) and 200 mg of sodium metabisulfite were placed in a 1.5 autoclave at a temperature of 210°C, hydrogen pressure of 3 Kg/cm ² (gauge pressure), and stirring speed of 800 rpm. Hydrogenation was carried out at

The obtained hydrogenated oil had an iodine value of 48.0 and trans isomer (referring to the content of trielaidine relative to the total glyceride, the same applies hereinafter) of 30.0%, and the color tone of the catalyst-permeable oil was 0.5/4.0 (Lovibond 2″ cell). .

Example 2 Rice white squeezed oil (iodine value 104.0) 900g (color tone 1.1/
1.3 Lovibond 2″ cell), commercially available nickel catalyst 2.7g
90 mg of sodium metabisulfite was placed in a 1.5 autoclave, and hydrogenation was carried out at a temperature of 210° C., a hydrogen pressure of 3 Kg/cm ² (gauge pressure), and a stirring speed of 800 rpm.

The obtained hydrogenated oil had an iodine value of 72.3, a trans isomer of 57.8%, and a color tone of 0.3/3.0 (Lovibond 2″ cell).

Example 3 Rapeseed oil (iodine value 117.0) 900g (color tone 0.5/
4.7 Lovibond 5 1/4″ cell) Commercially available nickel catalyst 2.7
Put 250 mg of potassium metabisulfite into a 1.5 autoclave at a temperature of 210℃ and a hydrogen pressure of 3Kg/cm ²
(Gauge pressure) Hydrogenation was performed at a stirring speed of 800 rpm.

The obtained hydrogenated oil had an iodine value of 81.5 and a color tone of 0.3/2.0 (Lovibond 51/4'' cell) of 65.4% trans-catalyzed oil.

Example 4 Palm distilled fatty acid (iodine value 52.5) 900 g (color tone 2.0/25.0 Lovibond 1″ cell), commercially available nickel catalyst 2.7 g, sodium metabisulfite 200 ppm at 1.5
Place in an autoclave at a temperature of 180℃ and hydrogen pressure of 3.
Hydrogenation was carried out at Kg/cm ² (gauge pressure) and stirring speed of 800 rpm. The obtained hydrogenated fatty acid has an iodine value of 45.0
The trans form is 29.0, and the color tone of the catalyst oil is
It was 1.4/8.2 (Lovibond 1″ cell).

Comparative Example 1 Hydrogenation was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 without adding sodium metabisulfite, and the iodine value was 47.0, the trans form was 12.5%, and the color tone of the catalyst oil was 1.3/10.0 (Lovibond 2″ cell). It was hot.

Comparative Example 2 Hydrogenation was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that 200 mg of methionine was used instead of 200 mg of sodium metabisulfite. The iodine value was 49.0%, the trans isomer was 28.0%, and the color tone of the catalyst oil was 1.0/8.5 (Lovibond). 2″ cell).

Comparative Example 3 Hydrogenation was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 2, except that 2.7 g of sulfur-poisoned nickel catalyst (sulfur content 4%) was used instead of 90 mg of sodium metabisulfite and 2.7 g of commercially available nickel catalyst. Iodine value 71.8 Trans isomer 58.3% Catalyst oil color tone 0.8/
It was 7.0 (Lovibond 2″ cell).

Comparative Example 4 Example 3 without adding potassium metabisulfite at all
When hydrogenation was carried out in exactly the same manner as above, the color tone of the iodine number 75.0, trans isomer 49.3% catalyst oil, 0.4/
It was 3.9 (Lovibond 51/4″ cell).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Sodium metabisulfite or potassium metabisulfite 50 to 150 to fats and oils with an iodine value of 50 to 150.
1. A method for producing a hydrogenated fat and oil having a high trans-isomer content with improved color tone, which comprises adding 1,000 ppm together with a conventional hydrogenation catalyst and carrying out hydrogenation at a temperature of 160 to 220°C.