JPS6233463B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a speed change gear device for an automatic transmission, and particularly to a front engine/front drive (F-F) system or a rear engine/rear drive (R-R) system in which the engine is installed horizontally. The present invention relates to an automatic transmission with four forward speeds and one reverse speed that is applied to automobiles. [Prior Art] Conventionally, a three-speed automatic transmission consisting of two sets of planetary gear mechanisms as shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-77761 has an engine output shaft 101 as shown in FIG. A torque converter 200 coaxially connected thereto, and an output shaft 1 of the torque converter.
02, first and second planetary gear mechanisms 130 and 140, first and second clutch devices 110 and 111, and a brake 112 and one clutch 118 constituting the first brake device. a brake 117 via the first clutch device 110, a brake 113 and a one-way clutch 115 constituting a second brake device, and an output shaft 105, in which the output shaft 102 of the torque converter is connected to the First planetary gear mechanism 1
The first and second planetary gear mechanisms 130 and 140 are detachably connected to the ring gear 133 of 30 and via the second clutch device 111.
The sun gears 131 and 141 are connected to a brake 117 via a brake 112 and a one-way clutch 118 constituting the first brake device, and the second planetary gear mechanism 140 carrier 1
44 is connected to the brake 113 and one-way clutch 115 constituting the second brake device,
Carrier 134 of the first planetary gear mechanism 130
and the ring gear 1 of the second planetary gear mechanism 140
43 is connected to the output shaft 105, and in the first speed, the brake 113 or the one-way clutch 115 constituting the first clutch device 110 and the second brake device is operated, and the one-way clutch 115 is activated. At the second speed, the first clutch device 1
10 and the brake 112 constituting the first brake device or the brake 117 via the one-way clutch 118 are operated, and in the third gear, the first clutch device 110 and the second clutch device 111 are operated. I'm starting to do that. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-52067 discloses such a conventional automatic transmission in which an overdrive device is added to increase the number of gears and improve fuel efficiency. This automatic transmission, as shown in Fig. 5,
An overdrive device 3 is installed at the rear of the torque converter of an automatic transmission shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 51-77761.
00 is added, and the output shaft 102 of the torque converter is connected to a carrier 324 of a planetary gear mechanism, and the carrier 324 of the planetary gear mechanism and the sun gear 321 are connected to a third clutch device, a clutch 310 and a one-way clutch 312. The sun gear 321 of the planetary gear mechanism includes a third brake device 311, the ring gear 323 of the planetary gear mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the overdrive device 300, and is connected to the 3-speed automatic transmission section. The vehicle is configured to have a total of four forward gears. From the first speed to the third speed
Clutch 3 of overdrive device 300 up to
10 and one-way clutch 312 are operated to bring overdrive device 300 into direct connection. When the clutch 310 of the overdrive device 300 is released from the third forward speed state and the third brake device 311 is activated, the overdrive device 300 enters the speed increasing state and the fourth speed is obtained. [Problems to be solved by the invention] However, Fig. 5 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-52067)
As shown in Figure 2, when trying to apply an automatic transmission equipped with an overdrive device to an F-F system or R-R system vehicle with a horizontally mounted engine, In automobiles, the engine and automatic transmission are arranged in series in the width direction of the vehicle, so the installation space for the automatic transmission, especially its axial dimension, is limited, and the automatic transmission shown in Figure 5 has overload capacity. The axial dimension of the automatic transmission increases by the dimension of the drive device,
There was a problem that it was difficult to install it in a car. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to add a frictional engagement element to a conventional 3-speed automatic transmission consisting of two sets of planetary gear mechanisms as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 77761/1983 without providing an overdrive device. To provide a compact 4-speed automatic transmission which can be multi-staged without increasing the axial dimension simply by adding gears, and is suitable for application to F-F system or R-R system automobiles. It is in. [Means for Solving the Problems] A speed change gear device for an automatic transmission according to the present invention includes a torque converter coaxially connected to an output shaft of an engine, and a torque converter provided concentrically to the output shaft of the torque converter. the first and second planetary gear mechanisms, the first and second clutch devices, and the first and second planetary gear mechanisms;
and a third brake device, and an output device,
The output shaft of the torque converter is removably connected to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first clutch device, and the output shaft of the torque converter is detachably connected to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism.
is removably connected to the sun gears of the first and second planetary gear mechanisms via a clutch device, and the sun gear is connected to the first brake device,
A carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism is connected to the second brake device, a ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the third brake device, and a carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the second brake device. a ring gear of the second planetary gear mechanism is connected to the output device, the output device is disposed between the torque converter and the first and second planetary gear mechanisms, and the third brake device is connected to the output device. It is characterized in that it is disposed between the torque converter and the output device. [Operations and Effects of the Invention] The automatic transmission of the present invention configured as described above has the following features:
It works as follows. At the first speed...the second clutch device and the third brake device are operated. The rotation transmitted to the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the second clutch device is transmitted to the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism by the third brake device.
By fixing the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism, the speed is reduced in the first planetary gear mechanism and transmitted to the output device via the carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism. At the second forward speed...the first clutch device and the second brake device are activated. The rotation transmitted to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first clutch device is transmitted to the carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first planetary gear mechanism, and the rotation is transmitted to the carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first planetary gear mechanism, and The transmission is transmitted to the sun gear of the gear mechanism, and the carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism is fixed by the second brake device, so that the speed is reduced by the second planetary gear mechanism and the second
is transmitted to the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the first
The combined rotation of the rotation transmitted to the carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism and the rotation transmitted to the ring gear of the second planetary gear mechanism is transmitted to the output device. (First forward speed state of the conventional three-speed automatic transmission disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 51-77761) At the third speed: the first clutch device and the first brake device are activated. Since the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is fixed by the first brake device, the rotation transmitted to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first clutch device is decelerated and rotated to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism. The signal is transmitted to the carrier of the planetary gear mechanism and then to the output device. (Second forward speed state of the conventional three-speed automatic transmission disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-77761) At the fourth forward speed...the first clutch device and the second clutch device are activated. The rotation transmitted to the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the first clutch device and the rotation transmitted to the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism via the second clutch device cause the rotation of the first planet. A gear mechanism is integrated to rotate and transmit the rotation to the output device. (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication 1973-
According to the present invention, the first planetary gear of the conventional three-speed automatic transmission shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 77761/1983 By providing a third brake device on the ring gear of the mechanism, the second clutch device and the third brake device are actuated.
Since it is possible to newly set a gear stage that can achieve a larger reduction ratio than the first forward gear stage of a conventional three-speed automatic transmission as shown in Publication No. 77761,
This gear is used as the first forward gear, and the second, third, and fourth gears are used as the first gear of the conventional three-speed automatic transmission disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-77761. By using the 2nd gear, 2nd gear, and 3rd gear in the same way, it is possible to achieve 4 forward gears with two sets of planetary gear mechanisms. This has the effect of providing a transmission. Furthermore, since the output device is disposed between the torque converter and the first and second planetary gear mechanisms, and the third brake device is disposed between the torque converter and the output device, F-F method or R
- It is possible to provide a compact 4-speed automatic transmission suitable for application to R type automobiles. Furthermore, since the present invention can provide a speed stage with a larger reduction ratio than the low speed stage (first speed) of a conventional 3-speed automatic transmission, it is possible to improve the starting acceleration performance and the power performance of the vehicle. It has the effect of [Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, the automatic transmission of the present invention includes an output shaft 1 of an engine, a torque converter 20,
The output shaft 2 of the torque converter 20, the intermediate shafts 3 and 4, the output shaft 5, the planetary gear mechanisms 30 and 40, the first
a clutch device 10, a second clutch device 11,
Brake 12 as a first braking device, brake 13 and one-way clutch 15 as a second braking device, brake 1 as a third braking device
4 and a one-way clutch 16. The brake 14 may be of the disc type as shown in FIG. 1 or a mechanical brake as shown in FIG. The torque converter 20 includes a pump impeller 21,
The pump impeller 21 is connected to the output shaft 1 of the engine, and the turbine runner 22 is connected to the output shaft 2 of the torque converter 20.
connected to. The planetary gear mechanisms 30 and 40 each have a sun gear 31
and 41, planetary pinions 32 and 42, ring gears 33 and 43, and carriers 34 and 44. The output shaft 2 of the torque converter is connected via a clutch 10 to a ring gear 33 of a planetary gear mechanism 30, and via a clutch 11 to an intermediate shaft 3 having sun gears 31 and 41 of planetary gear mechanisms 30 and 40. . Intermediate shaft 3 is brake 1
It is equipped with 2. Carrier 4 of planetary gear mechanism 40
4 is equipped with a brake 13 and a one-way clutch 15. The ring gear 33 of the planetary gear mechanism 30 is equipped with a brake 14 via a one-way clutch 16. The carrier 34 of the planetary gear mechanism 30 and the ring gear 43 of the planetary gear mechanism 40 are connected to an output shaft 5, and an output gear 50 is coaxially connected to the output shaft 5. Further, the pump impeller 21 of the torque converter 20 drives the oil pump 60. Table 1 summarizes the operations of the clutches 10, 11, brakes 12, 13, 14, and one-way clutches 15, 16 at each gear stage of the automatic transmission of the present invention constructed as described above.

[Table] In Table 1, the circle mark indicates that the machine is operating by a hydraulic oil operating mechanism. The △ mark indicates that the pressure oil operating mechanism is operating during engine braking. The * mark indicates that the one-way clutch is locked only when the engine is driving. Next, the operation of each gear stage will be explained. First forward speed: the clutch 11, brake 14, and one-way clutch 16 are operating. The power from the output shaft 1 of the engine is transferred to the torque converter 2
0 to the output shaft 2 of the torque converter 20. Furthermore, it is transmitted to the sun gear 31 via the clutch 11. At this time, the ring gear 33
The rotation in the opposite direction to the rotation of the sun gear 31 is transmitted, but the rotation is stopped by the operation of the brake 14 and the one-way clutch 16, so the carrier 34 rotates in the same direction as the sun gear 31 and is transmitted to the output shaft 5. . Second forward speed: the clutch 10, brake 14, and one-way clutch 15 are operating. The power from the output shaft 1 of the engine is transferred to the torque converter 2
0 to the output shaft 2 of the torque converter, and is further transmitted to the ring gear 3 via the clutch 10.
3 can be conveyed. At this time, the ring gear 33 rotates in the same direction as the output shaft 1 of the engine, so the one-way clutch 16 becomes free. Further, the carrier 44 can transmit rotation in the opposite direction to the output shaft 1 of the engine, but since its rotation is restrained by the one-way clutch 15, the ring gear 4
3 rotates in the same direction to rotate the output shaft 5. At the same time, the carrier 34 also rotates in the same direction to rotate the output shaft 5, and the combined rotational force is transmitted to the output shaft 5. In addition, when you want to apply engine braking, such as when driving down a board, use the one-way clutch 15.
Since the rotation of the carrier 44 in the same direction is allowed if only the rotation of the carrier 44 is performed, the brake 13 is activated to restrain the rotation of the carrier 44. Third forward speed...clutch 10, brake 12, and brake 14 are operating. Power from the output shaft 1 of the engine is transmitted to the ring gear 33 in the same manner as in the case of the second forward speed. At this time, since the sun gear 31 is fixed by the brake 12, the planetary pinion 32
1 in the same direction as the output shaft 1 of the engine, and as a result, the carrier 34 rotates in the same direction and is transmitted to the output shaft 5. 4th forward speed...clutches 10, 11 and brake 1
4 is operating. The power from the output shaft 1 of the engine is transmitted to the ring gear 33 in the same manner as in the case of the second forward speed, and the power is transmitted to the clutch 11.
is transmitted to the sun gear 31 via. Therefore, in the planetary gear mechanism 30, the rotation of the ring gear 33 and the sun gear 31 in the same direction causes the planetary pinion 32 to rotate between the ring gear 33 and the sun gear 31.
The rotation is carried out in an integrated manner without relative rotation, and is transmitted to the carrier 34 and then to the output shaft 5. Reverse movement...The clutch 11 and brake 13 are operating. Power from the output shaft 1 of the engine is transmitted to the sun gear 41 via the clutch 11 in the same manner as in the case of the first forward speed. At this time, since the carrier 44 is fixed by the brake 13, the ring gear 43 is rotated by the sun gear 41 via the planetary pinion 42 in the opposite direction to the output shaft 1 of the engine, and the rotation is transmitted to the output shaft 5. The power transmitted to the output shaft 5 in this way is
It is transmitted to the output gear 50 and further to the idler gear 70.
is transmitted to the input gear 80 of the differential gear 90 via. Next, Table 2 shows the deceleration ratio of the automatic transmission of the present invention.

[Table] In this second table, the reduction ratio ρ ₁ is the ratio of the number of teeth between the sun gear 31 and the ring gear 33 of the planetary gear mechanism 30, and ρ ₂ is the ratio of the number of teeth between the sun gear 41 and the ring gear 43 of the planetary gear mechanism 40. The value of the deceleration proportionality is when ρ ₁ =ρ ₂ =0.37. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission mechanism showing another embodiment of the present invention. and 4, output shaft 5, planetary gear mechanisms 30 and 40, first clutch device 10, second clutch device 11, first brake device 12, 17, one-way clutch 18, second brake device It is composed of a brake 13 and a one-way clutch 15, and a third brake device, brakes 14 and 19, and a one-way clutch 16. Here, brake 1
9 is arranged in parallel with the brake 14 and the one-way clutch 16 and is connected to the ring gear 33. This brake 19 is engaged during engine braking at the first forward speed. Further, a brake 17 and a one-way clutch 18, which are arranged in parallel with the brake 12, are connected to sun gears 31 and 41. The brake 17 and one-way clutch 18 are provided to facilitate speed change control. Clutches 10, 11 and brakes 12, 1 at each gear stage of an automatic transmission having such a configuration
3, 14, 17, 19, one-way clutch 15, 1
Table 3 summarizes the operations of 6 and 18.

[Table] In Table 3, the ○ mark indicates that the hydraulic oil operating mechanism is operating. The △ mark indicates that the pressure oil operating mechanism is operating during engine braking. The * mark indicates that the one-way clutch is locked only when the engine is driving. As explained above, the present invention relates to a speed change gear device for an automatic transmission, and by simply adding a wear engagement element to a conventional 3-speed automatic transmission, it can be applied to an F-F system or an R-R system vehicle. A four-speed automatic transmission suitable for the application can be obtained. Furthermore, by providing a third braking device (brake 14 and one-way clutch 16), a speed gear with a higher reduction ratio can be set on the lower speed gear side, which improves starting acceleration and improves the power performance of the vehicle. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission mechanism showing an embodiment of the speed change gear device of an automatic transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a power transmission mechanism showing an embodiment of the speed change gear device of the automatic transmission of the present invention. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission mechanism showing another embodiment of the speed change gear device for an automatic transmission of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a power transmission mechanism showing a conventional speed change gear device for a three-speed automatic transmission. Schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism,
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission mechanism showing a shift gear device of a conventional four-speed automatic transmission. Explanation of symbols, 1... Engine output shaft, 2...
Torque converter output shaft, 3, 4...intermediate shaft,
5... Output shaft, 10, 11... Clutch, 12,
13, 14, 17, 19... Brake, 15, 1
6, 18... One-way clutch, 20... Torque converter, 30, 40... Planetary gear mechanism, 31,
41... Sun gear, 32, 42... Planetary pinion, 33, 43... Ring gear, 34, 44
...Carrier, 50...Output gear, 60...Oil pump, 70...Idler gear, 80...Input gear, 90...Differential gear.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A torque converter coaxially connected to the output shaft of an engine, first and second planetary gear mechanisms provided concentrically to the output shaft of the torque converter, and a first and a second clutch device, first, second and third brake devices, and an output device, wherein the output shaft of the torque converter is connected to the first planetary gear mechanism via the first clutch device. and a ring gear of the first and second planetary gear mechanisms via the second clutch device, and the sun gear is connected to the first brake device. , a carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism is connected to the second brake device, a ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the third brake device, and a carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the second brake device. and a ring gear of the second planetary gear mechanism are connected to the output device, the output device is disposed between the torque converter and the first and second planetary gear mechanisms, and the third brake device A speed change gear device for an automatic transmission, characterized in that: is disposed between the torque converter and the output device. 2. A patent characterized in that the third brake device is composed of a one-way clutch and a brake, and the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the brake via the one-way clutch. A speed change gear device for an automatic transmission according to claim 1. 3. The third brake device is composed of a one-way clutch and first and second brakes, and the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is connected to the first brake via the one-way clutch, 2. The speed change gear device for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the speed change gear device is connected to the second brake without using the one-way clutch.