JPS6235928B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes an engine and a control device that stores energy normally lost when braking a vehicle and selectively uses the stored energy to drive the vehicle. This invention relates to drive transmission and engine starting devices for wheeled vehicles.

This type of conventional braking energy absorption system is
It was common for the engine to idle even when there was no need to brake to propel the vehicle, and not to stop the engine itself until the end of operation. The reasons for not stopping the engine even if the engine is idling while driving a vehicle are as follows. 1. The energy required to restart the engine repeatedly would negate the energy savings obtained by the braking energy absorber; 2. The level of pollution resulting from frequent stopping/starting of the engine would be too great. It was hot.

However, experiments have led the applicant to realize that the energy savings obtained by stopping the engine rather than idling it exceeds the energy expended in repeatedly starting the engine.
In fact, in a prototype that adopted the method of repeatedly stopping and starting the engine during braking, which is the idea behind the present invention, the energy savings were considerably greater, twice the energy savings obtained when the engine was left idling without stopping during braking. Savings were made. Furthermore, the problem of contamination due to repeated engine starts does not become a serious problem because the engine can be started quickly by using the energy stored during braking to rotate the engine. I understood.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide that intermittent shutdown of the engine during operation of a vehicle, rather than idling, increases energy savings rather than detracts from it, as is commonly believed. The object of the present invention is to obtain a braking energy absorbing type vehicle drive device, that is, a drive transmission and engine starting device.

To this end, the device according to the invention includes an energy storage device for collecting and storing energy and mechanically coupled to at least one wheel of the vehicle for driving or driving said wheel. a first transmission device selectively connecting the transmission device to the energy storage device to transfer energy from the transmission device to the energy storage device in response to actuation of the transmission device by the wheels when braking the vehicle; a transmission device for storing energy in the energy storage device and selectively connecting the transmission device to the energy storage device so that the transmission device receives energy from the energy storage device to drive the wheels; a second controller for connecting the engine to the energy storage device and supplying and storing energy from the engine to the energy storage device;
an energy sensor connected to the energy storage device to sense the amount of energy in the energy storage device; an energy sensor connected to the energy storage device and the engine to detect the energy storage; an engine stop/start control device that stops the engine when the amount of energy in the device exceeds a predetermined maximum value and starts the engine in response to the energy in the energy storage device falling below a predetermined minimum value. It is characterized by:

According to this configuration of the invention, energy is saved by stopping the engine intermittently during braking, rather than idling, even while the vehicle is in operation, contrary to what was previously believed. can be improved without causing serious pollution problems.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. An example of a vehicle drive system, which is a drive transmission and engine starting system according to the present invention, includes a main engine in the form of an internal combustion engine 10, the speed of which is at maximum efficiency. The engine speed is set to run at an engine speed of 1/2, which is usually slightly higher than one-half of the maximum rotational speed. The engine 10 is operated at a higher speed when the vehicle speed reaches approximately one-half of the maximum speed or when extra acceleration is required. This operating speed is determined by the position of the foot-operated throttle (accelerator pedal). The engine 10 has a drive shaft 12 and is mechanically connected to a constant displacement hydraulic pump 14, which can act as a constant displacement hydraulic motor. The engine 10 is a key switch (ignition switch) 1
8 and pressure sensitive switch 2 as an energy sensor
It has an ignition wiring 16 that is activated when the second contact 20 is closed and connected to the battery 24. Another contact 26 of the pressure sensitive switch 22 is connected in series with a normally closed contact 28 which is connected to a known speed sensor 30 driven by the engine 10 when it starts rotating. It is tilted open.

The constant displacement hydraulic pump 14 functions as a constant displacement hydraulic motor, ie, a prime mover, for rotating the engine 10 when it is started.

When starting the engine, switch 18 is pressed by the driver.
When 82 and 120 are closed, the neutral state shown in FIG. 1 is achieved. The contact 28 is closed because the engine 10 is not yet rotating, and the solenoids 34 and 35 are closed.
A current is supplied to and excited to open the valves 36 and 37. It is assumed that the liquid 38 in the energy storage accumulator 40 is at a required minimum operating pressure, such as less than 1700 pounds per square inch. Pressure sensitive switch 22 is designed to operate whenever the pressure drops below a preset pressure, e.g., 2000 pounds per square inch, which closes contact 26 and passes current through contact 28 to solenoid 34. , 35 to energize valve 3.
Open 6,37. The liquid 38 of the pressure accumulator 40 is connected to the pipe 4
2, 44, 46, 48 and 50, valve 36, inlet port 5 of hydraulic pump 14 via lines 52, 54.
6, and is driven by this hydraulic pump 14 as a prime mover, from its outlet port 58 to pipes 60, 62,
It enters a reservoir 72 via valve 37 and lines 64, 66, 68, and 70.

A hydraulic pump 14 serving as a prime mover rotates and starts the engine 10. When the engine 10 starts and reaches a specified low rotational speed, the speed detector 30 opens the switch 28, which causes the solenoids 34, 3 to open.
The current to 5 is cut off, closing valves 36 and 37.
Hydraulic pump 14 thus acts as a pump, pumping liquid from line 54 to lines 60, 74, check valve 76,
Flow into conduits 78, 48 (see Figures 2 or 3).
The constant displacement hydraulic motor 100 constitutes a transmission device mechanically connected to the wheels, and when the engine 10 is started and rotating, it is used as a prime mover for driving the wheels (second (see Figure 3) and as a wheel-driven pump (see Figure 4). When the vehicle is stopped, the hydraulic motor 100 rotates and the brake valve 12
8 and neutral valve 90 are both open, and this hydraulic motor 100 is in the neutral state and the liquid tank 72 is open.
The liquid in the pipes 70 and 146, the valve 128, and the pipe 14
4, 96 and from the inlet port 98 to the hydraulic motor 1.
00, exit port 102 to conduit 104,
106 , valve 90 , and lines 108 and 68 to return to liquid reservoir 72 .

When moving the vehicle forward, the driver closes the switch 80 and opens the switch 120 to turn on the second switch.
Set the state as shown in the figure. Closing switch 80 energizes solenoid 84, and opening switch 120 demagnetizes solenoid 124, thus opening valve 88 for advance and closing valve 128 for braking. Thus, liquid 38 flows from line 42 or 46 through line 92, valve 88, lines 94, 96 to inlet port 98 of hydraulic motor 100, and then from outlet port 102 to line 104, 106, valve 90, conduit 1
08, 66, 107, check valve 109, pipe line 11
1 and 54 to the inlet port 56 of the hydraulic pump 14, which is driven by the operation of the engine 10. Hydraulic motor 100 is coupled to axle 110 and drives vehicle wheels 112 in a forward direction.

When reversing the vehicle, the driver opens switches 80 and 82 and also switches 120 and 1.
22 to the state shown in FIG. 3, and then release the accelerator pedal. By closing the switches 120, 122, the solenoids 124, 126 are energized, and the braking valve 128 and the reversing valve 13 are energized.
0 is opened, and the liquid 38 discharged from the hydraulic pump 14 or flowing out from the pressure accumulator 40 is transferred to the pipes 46,1.
40, valve 130, lines 142, 104 to outlet port 102 of hydraulic motor 100, and then from inlet port 98 to lines 96, 144, valve 12.
8, flows through conduit 146. Therefore, hydraulic motor 1
00 reverses and drives the wheels 112 in the backward direction.

When braking the vehicle, the driver takes his foot off the accelerator pedal, closes switch 120, and opens switches 80, 82, and 122 to the state shown in FIG. 4. By closing switch 120, brake valve 128 is opened and wheel 112 is opened.
The hydraulic motor 100 works as a pump,
The liquid in the liquid tank 72 is transferred to the pipes 70, 146, the valve 128,
Suction is drawn into the hydraulic motor 100 from the inlet port 98 via the pipes 144 and 96, and from the outlet port 102 to the pipes 104 and 150, the check valve 152, the pipe 154,
It is discharged to the pressure accumulator 40 via 44 and 42.

Pressure accumulator 40 is provided with an adjustable relief valve 160 to ensure that the pressure does not exceed a preset maximum pressure, e.g. Contacts 20, 26 at 2800 lbs pressure per
and closes the contacts 20, 26 at a lower pressure limit of, for example, 2000 pounds per square inch, as described above.

Therefore, when the pressure in the pressure accumulator 40 reaches the upper limit value due to braking, the contacts 20 and 26 open, thereby de-energizing the ignition wiring and stopping the engine.

When the vehicle is decelerated or stopped by braking, but it is necessary to drive the wheels, the hydraulic motor is activated by the energy from the pressure accumulator in the forward mode shown in Figure 2 or the reverse mode shown in Figure 3, even if the engine is stopped. 100 rotates and drives wheels 112. However, the pressure in the pressure accumulator 40 is reduced because the engine is stopped and no energy is supplied from the hydraulic pump 14.
When the lower limit pressure is reached, contact 2 of the pressure sensitive switch 22
0 and 26 are closed, the ignition wiring 16 is energized to start the engine, and normal forward mode or reverse mode operation is performed as shown in FIG. 2 or 3.

During this restart of the engine, the hydraulic pump 14
The engine 10 acts as a prime mover (starter motor) for the engine 10, but upon initial startup, the engine 10 immediately reaches a rotational speed corresponding to the horsepower given to the engine by the starter motor, and starts immediately. This activation requires little fuel consumption.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve significant fuel savings by actively stopping the engine and utilizing the accumulated energy without idling the engine during braking, and also to use this energy when restarting the engine. Because the engine starts quickly using energy, little pollutant is generated despite frequent engine stops and starts.

When the pressure in the accumulator 40 is insufficient for the initial engine start, the operator closes the key switch 18 to open the valve 36 and closes the switch 120 to open the valve 128. Next, by pushing the vehicle or rolling down a downhill slope, the hydraulic motor 100 is driven by the wheels 112 and acts as a pump, pressurizing the liquid in the liquid tank 72 and pumping it into the pressure accumulator 40 in the same way as during braking. along with pipes 48, 50 and valve 3.
6. Send it to the hydraulic pump 14 via the pipes 52 and 54 to drive and start the engine 10. Further, a manual pump (not shown) may be used to replenish liquid from the liquid tank 72 to the pressure accumulator 40.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are circuit diagrams showing one specific example of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 shows a neutral state, FIG. 2 shows a forward state, FIG. 3 shows a backward state, and FIG. 4 shows a brake state. 10... Internal combustion engine, 14... Hydraulic pump, 16
... Wiring for ignition, 18 ... Key switch, 22
...Pressure sensitive switch, 24...Battery, 30...
Speed detector, 36, 37, 88, 90, 128,
130... Valve, 40... Pressure accumulator, 56... Inlet port, 58... Outlet port, 72... Liquid tank, 98
...Inlet port, 100 ... Hydraulic motor, 102
...Exit port, 112...Wheel.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An engine and the storage of energy of this engine,
This accumulated energy drives the engine,
It is also a drive transmission and engine starting device for a wheeled vehicle that has a control device that selectively stores energy normally lost when the vehicle is braked and uses this stored energy to drive the vehicle. , an energy storage device for collecting and storing energy; a first transmission device mechanically coupled to and driving or driven from at least one wheel of the vehicle; selectively connected to the energy storage device to supply energy from the transmission to the energy storage device in response to actuation of the transmission by the wheels when the vehicle is braking; a transmission control device for storing energy and selectively connecting the transmission device to the energy storage device so that the transmission device receives energy from the energy storage device to drive the wheels; a second transmission device connected to the energy storage device and configured to supply and store energy from the engine to the energy storage device; an energy sensor that detects an amount of energy; and an energy sensor connected to the engine to stop the engine when the amount of energy in the energy storage device exceeds a predetermined maximum value and to reduce the energy in the energy storage device to a predetermined minimum value. A drive transmission and engine starting device comprising: an engine stop/start control device that starts the engine in response to the engine becoming lower than the specified value. 2. The energy storage device is a pressure accumulator 40 that stores the working fluid in the reservoir 72 under pressure, and the first transmission device is a first hydraulic pump having an inlet and an outlet and driven by the wheels. The device 100 is configured to include a first hydraulic motor device 100 having an inlet and an outlet to drive the wheels, and a second transmission device having an inlet and an outlet to mechanically connect the engine to the engine. This hydraulic pump is connected to the engine and driven by the engine, and has an inlet connected to the reservoir 72 and an outlet connected to the pressure accumulator 40, and operates in response to driving by the engine. A second hydraulic pump device 14 is configured to pressurize and supply fluid from the reservoir to the pressure accumulator for storage, and the transmission control device selectively controls the inlet port of the first hydraulic pump device. is hydraulically connected to a reservoir, and an outlet of said first hydraulic pump device is connected to said pressure accumulator, so that when said vehicle is braked said first
a first control device 120, 124, 1 configured to supply working fluid from the reservoir to the pressure accumulator and store it in a pressurized state in response to driving of the hydraulic pump device;
28 and selectively connect an inlet of the first hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator to supply pressurized working fluid to the first hydraulic motor device.
A second control device 80, 84, 88 receives the hydraulic motor device and connects an outlet of the first hydraulic motor device to the reservoir to drive the wheels, and the energy sensor is a pressure sensitive switch 22, and the engine stop/start control device includes:
is connected to the pressure accumulator 40 and the engine 10, and is responsive to stopping the engine when the pressure in the pressure accumulator exceeds a predetermined maximum value and reducing the pressure in the pressure accumulator to below a predetermined minimum value. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device includes pressure response devices 20 and 26 for starting the engine. 3. The second transmission device further includes a second hydraulic motor device 14 having an inlet and an outlet and driving the engine, and the engine stop/start control device selectively controls the second hydraulic motor device 14 to drive the engine. An inlet of a hydraulic motor device is connected to the pressure accumulator, and an outlet of a second hydraulic motor device is connected to the reservoir, so that the engine is driven at startup and the second hydraulic pump device is pumped from the pressure accumulator. A third control device 34, 35, 36, 37 is configured to prevent back pressure from being applied to the pressure response device 26, and the pressure response device 26 is connected to the third control device to control the operation of the third control device. 3. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that said engine is started by said engine. 4 The engine stop/start control device is configured to control the engine 10.
and the third control device 34, 35, 36, 37
a starter shutoff device 2 connected to the engine to stop the flow of hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator 40 to the second hydraulic motor device 14 when the engine reaches a predetermined state;
8. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 3, wherein the drive transmission and engine starting device is configured to have 8 and 30. 5. The second transmission device has an inlet and an outlet and includes a second hydraulic motor device 14 mechanically coupled to the engine to drive and thereby start the engine. , the engine stop/start control device selectively connects the inlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator to receive hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator, and connects the outlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator. A third control device 34,3 connected to the reservoir and driving the engine to start the engine.
5, 36, 37, and a speed response device 28, 30 that is connected to the engine and measures the rotational speed of the engine, and the third control device is
The engine is characterized by comprising a valve device 36 that responds to the speed response device and stops the flow of hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator to the second hydraulic motor device when the engine reaches a predetermined speed. A drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2. 6. The second transmission device has an inlet and an outlet and includes a second hydraulic motor device 14 mechanically coupled to the engine to drive and thereby start the engine. , the engine stop/start control device selectively connects the inlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator to receive hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator, and connects the outlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator. A third control device 34,3 connected to the reservoir and driving the engine to start the engine.
5, 36, and 37 are connected to the pressure accumulator and the third control device, and when the pressure in the pressure accumulator becomes higher than a predetermined maximum value, the pressure in the pressure accumulator is connected to the second control device.
The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, further comprising a pressure response device (26) for blocking the flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motor device. 7. The engine stop/start control device has an ignition device 16, 18, 20 for the engine,
Claim 6, characterized in that the pressure response device is constructed with a switch device (20) for disabling the ignition device if the pressure in the pressure accumulator becomes higher than the predetermined maximum value. Drive transmission and engine starting device as described. 8. The second transmission device is configured to include a second hydraulic motor device 14 having an inlet and an outlet and mechanically coupled to the engine to drive and thereby start the engine. , the engine stop/start control device selectively connects the inlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator to receive hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator, and connects the outlet of the second hydraulic motor device to the pressure accumulator. A third control device 34,3 connected to the reservoir and driving the engine to start the engine.
5, 36, 37, connected to the pressure accumulator and the third control device, and in response to the pressure in the pressure accumulator decreasing below a predetermined minimum value, the second hydraulic motor device is connected to the pressure accumulator and the second hydraulic motor device. 3. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, further comprising: a pressure response device 26 for directing hydraulic fluid to the engine. 9. The engine stop/start control device is configured to include ignition devices 16, 18 for the engine, and the pressure response device activates the ignition device when the pressure in the pressure accumulator becomes below the predetermined minimum value. Claim 8, characterized in that it is configured as having a switch device 20 that is activated.
Drive transmission and engine starting devices as described in Section. 10 The second transmission device is mechanically connected to the engine, has an inlet and an outlet, and selectively drives and starts the engine or is driven by the engine to pump working fluid. The engine stop/start control device is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic motor-pump device and the pressure accumulator to control the flow of fluid between the two. The first valve device 3
4, 36, a second valve device 76 connected to the outlet of the hydraulic motor-pump device and the pressure accumulator to control the flow of fluid therebetween; an inlet of the hydraulic motor-pump device; a third valve device 1 connected to the reservoir to control fluid flow between the two;
09, a fourth valve device 35, 37 connected to the outlet of the hydraulic motor-pump device and the reservoir to control fluid flow therebetween, and at least the first valve device and the second valve device. to cause the hydraulic fluid to flow from the pressure accumulator to the reservoir via the hydraulic motor-pump device so that the hydraulic motor-pump device acts as a motor for driving the engine, or to cause the hydraulic fluid to flow from the reservoir to the reservoir. a starting control device 26 for selectively causing the hydraulic motor-pump device to act as a pump driven by the engine and pressurize the pressure accumulator by flowing working fluid to the pressure accumulator via the motor-pump device; 28
The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is configured as having the following. 11 The first valve devices 34, 36 and the fourth valve devices 35, 37 are each configured to have a solenoid valve and an electric circuit device for operating these solenoid valves. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to item 10. 12 The first hydraulic pump device 100 is a constant displacement type, and the second transmission device 14 has an inlet and an outlet, and is mechanically connected to the engine to drive and start the engine. type hydraulic motor device, and the engine stop/start control device selectively hydraulically connects the inlet of the constant displacement type motor device to the pressure accumulator to extract hydraulic pressure from the pressure accumulator. a third control device 34,3 for receiving fluid and hydraulically connecting the outlet of the constant displacement hydraulic motor device to the reservoir to drive and start the engine;
5, 36, and 37. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, wherein 13 The engine stop/start control device includes the constant displacement hydraulic motor device 14 and the third control device 3.
4, 35, 36, 37, and includes a starter shutoff device 28, 30 for stopping the flow of hydraulic fluid from the pressure accumulator to the constant displacement hydraulic motor device when the engine reaches a predetermined condition. 13. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 12, wherein the drive transmission and engine starting device is configured as a device. 14 The transmission control device includes a first direction control valve 88 connected to the pressure accumulator and the inlet of the first hydraulic pump device, and a second direction control valve 88 connected to the outlet of the first hydraulic pump device and the reservoir. control valve 90
a third directional control valve 128 connected to the reservoir and the inlet of the first hydraulic pump device; and a fourth directional control valve 130 connected to the outlet of the first hydraulic pump device and the pressure accumulator. , directional control devices 80, 82 connected to the first directional control valve, the second directional control valve, the third directional control valve and the fourth directional control valve to selectively operate these directional control valves;
120, 122. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 2, wherein the drive transmission and engine starting device is configured to have the following components. 15 Each of the first directional control valve, second directional control valve, third directional control valve, and fourth directional control valve is a solenoid-operated valve, and the directional control device has an electric circuit for operating the directional control valve. Claim 14 characterized in that it is configured as
Drive transmission and engine starting devices as described in Section. 16 The transmission control device is connected to the outlet of the first hydraulic pump device and the pressure accumulator, and allows working fluid to flow from the first hydraulic pump device to the pressure accumulator, but prevents flow in the opposite direction. The drive transmission and engine starting device according to claim 15, characterized in that the device includes a check valve 152.