JPS6236098B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> This invention covers the outer wall of a building constructed by pouring concrete into a formwork with a molded board that also serves as the outer mold of the formwork, and also provides external insulation. Concerning methods for constructing external walls of buildings.

<Prior art> The present applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 55-117826 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application No. 57-117-
According to Publication No. 44046), at least one side of the formwork into which concrete is poured is formed by forming plates (e.g., made of concrete, containing glass fiber) having a predetermined thickness, width, and height in multiple stages in the vertical direction.
Exterior walls of buildings constructed of poured concrete (GRC, FRC containing iron fibers, resin concrete using resin as a binder instead of cement, etc.) and covered with the above-mentioned molded plates. We proposed a method for constructing open partition walls.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, the above method has various advantages such as less internal condensation than the internal insulation type, energy saving, improved livability, and improved building durability. It is not possible to construct the exterior walls of buildings with preferred external insulation.

<Means for Solving the Problems> Therefore, the present invention provides a method for constructing the exterior wall of a building by pouring concrete in order to construct the exterior wall of an externally insulated building using the construction method of the previous proposal. The exterior form of the outdoor side of the frame is composed of molded boards arranged vertically in multiple stages having a predetermined thickness, width, and height, and the outer surface of the constructed external wall is covered with the molded boards. In the method of constructing the outer wall: On the back side of each of the above-mentioned molded plates into which concrete is poured, V-shaped, U-shaped, etc. At the same time, a hook is provided that is open in the vertical direction and protrudes for a certain length, and a heat insulating material is attached to the back side of each molded plate, avoiding this hook; , characterized in that the upper and lower molded plates are connected by passing a series of coupling tools that swingably slide into the back surface of each plate and the folded portion of each hook through the hooks on the lower molded plates. .

<Function> A heat insulating material is attached to the back side of the molding plate for the outer mold, avoiding the hook. Therefore, a hook that integrally protrudes a certain length from the back surface of the molded plate is passed through vertically by sliding the coupling tool on the back surface of the molded plate and the folded part of the hook, and the molded plates arranged vertically at the lower stage are connected to each other. The outer mold can be constructed by arranging the upper molding plate immovably on top. In this case, even if the positions of the hook on the lower molded plate and the hook under the upper molded plate are slightly shifted in the width direction of the molded plate, the connectors are connected to the back side of the upper and lower molded plates. Since it can swing while in sliding contact with the folded portion of the hook, it passes through both hooks without any problem and joins the upper and lower molded plates.

Then, when concrete is poured between this outer mold and the inner mold set up opposite it, the concrete flows into the hooks of the upper and lower molded plates through which the connectors pass, and the molded plates are attached to the outer wall. The molded plates that are securely connected and thus constitute the outer mold cover the outer wall, and the heat insulating material on the back side of the molded plates makes the constructed outer wall an external heat insulation type.

<Example> In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a molded plate made of concrete or the like described above constituting the outer mold, and a heat insulating material 2 is attached to the back surface thereof by adhesive or the like. The heat insulating material may be any suitable material, such as a heat insulating board made of polystyrene foam or the like to a certain thickness, a mat made of rock wool or glass wool, or a board made by adding an adhesive to this material.

This molded plate 1 has reinforcing materials such as laths and vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars embedded inside, has a V-shaped or U-shaped folded part from a predetermined position on the back side, and has a hook 3 that is open in the vertical direction and has a fixed length. It is made of concrete or the like so that it protrudes, and its dimensions are, for example, about 2 cm thick, about 15 cm high, and about 45 cm wide. The hook 3 may be formed by bending a part of horizontal reinforcing bars to be embedded in the back surface when forming the board, or may be provided by having a base part embedded in the molded plate separately from the reinforcing bars. . The protruding position of the hook 3 is approximately 1/4 of the width of the molded board, and is located at the top and bottom inward from each end, so that even when the upper row is lined up on top of the lower row, Shift horizontally by 1/2 of the width so that even when the upper tier is placed on top of the lower tier with broken joints, they will line up vertically.

A coupling device that passes vertically through the hook on the lower molding plate and the hook under the upper molding plate that are arranged vertically, and connects the upper molding plate to the lower molding plate to form an outer mold. 4 is illustrated in FIG. These can be formed by bending a steel wire with a diameter of about 4 mm into a predetermined shape. In Figure 2 A, the lower half is buried in the foundation or attached by welding to a reference frame fixed to the top surface of the foundation. Insert the hook-shaped bent part 4' into the hook under the bottom molding plate. The two are inserted into the hooks above the molding plates in the lower tier, and the upper bent parts are inserted into the hooks under the molding plates in the upper tier, and used to line up the upper tier on top of the lower tier. When these connectors are inserted into the hook 3 of the molded plate, the straight part 4a comes into sliding contact with the back surface of the molded board 1, and the bent part 4' comes into sliding contact with the folded part of the hook 3. Since the coupling tool 4 can swing in this sliding state, there is no problem even if the positions of the hook on the lower molded plate and the hook under the upper molded plate are slightly shifted in the width direction of the molded plate. It can be passed through both hooks without any problems.

In order to arrange the surfaces or outer surfaces of the upper and lower molded plates arranged vertically in a common vertical plane, the heat insulating material 2 is installed on the back side of the molded plates, avoiding at least the region where the above-mentioned coupling tool passes through the hook.

For this reason, the molded plate shown in Figures 3 and 4 avoids each hook 3 from the heat insulating material 2 attached to the back side, and leaves the upper edge open for the upper hook, and the lower edge for the lower hook. A cutout 8 is provided which is open to the bottom. This notch needs only to have a width that allows the connector 4 to come into contact with the back surface of the molded plate and pass through the hook 3.

Further, the molded plate shown in FIG. 5 does not have such a notch 8 in the heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material is attached to the back side in three parts, the center part and each end part, avoiding the hook 3. In either case, the thickness of the heat insulating material is arbitrary, and the linear part 4a of the connector is slid into contact with the back side of the molded plate, from the top end when attached to the upper hook, and from the bottom edge when attached to the lower hook. Each hook 3 is made to protrude from the back side of the molding plate by the length required for inserting the coupling tool, so that the coupling tool also comes into contact with the folded part of the hook, and the upper and lower stages of the molding plates are lined up and assembled into an outer mold. be able to.

On the back side of the molded plate 1 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, independent thickened protrusions 9 are provided at each protruding position of the hook,
protrudes from the rear surface of each thickened protrusion 9 by the necessary length into which the coupling tool is inserted. As shown in the upper and lower parts on the left side, the upper one reaches the upper edge of the molded plate and the lower one reaches the lower edge of the molded plate, so that the thickness of the insulation material 2 is the same as that of the thickened protrusion. Although it is optional regardless of the amount of protrusion, when it is installed in an island shape away from the upper and lower edges of the molded plate, as shown above and below on the right side, it is necessary to make sure that the insulation material does not interfere with the insertion of the connector. In the case of compressibility, the amount of protrusion of the thickened protrusion should be greater than the thickness of the insulation material,
In the case of compressible insulation, the amount of protrusion should be greater than the compression limit thickness. The heat insulating material 2 is provided with a notch that avoids the thickened protrusion, and the heat insulating material is attached to the other surface of the molded plate, avoiding the part where the thickened protrusion protrudes.

The thickened protrusions 9 are arranged vertically in a series like the molded plate shown in FIG. The molded plate may be attached to the molded plate in the middle between them and from each thickened protrusion to the end.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a situation in which an externally insulated outer wall of a building is constructed according to the present invention, and the outer mold A of the formwork into which concrete C is poured is formed by arranging the molded plates 1 vertically. The molded plates of the upper and lower stages are connected to each other by passing coupling tools 4 shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C vertically through the hook 3 on the back side.

In this case, the inside A' is also molded with similar concrete, etc., and the molded plates 1' with the hooks 3 protruding from the back side are arranged vertically, and in the same way, the connectors 4 are passed vertically through the hooks 3 on the back side. It is constructed by connecting upper and lower molded plates to each other.

In this way, when constructing molded plates 1' of the same size as the molded plates 1 of the inner mold and the outer mold by arranging the upper tier on top of the lower tier using connectors, connect the two connectors shown in Fig. 2B intermediately. Using joints and connectors as shown in Fig. 2C, which are connected in an H-shape facing each other at part 4b, the upper stage is arranged on top of the lower stage of each of the molding plates of the outer mold and the inner mold, and both molding plates are formed at the same time. The plates can be connected at predetermined intervals. In the diagram of this joint/connector, the upward bent portion 4',
Similar to the bent portion 4' in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the portion 4' is bent obliquely from the straight portion 4a and is pressed when inserted into the hook 3. But downward,
a bent portion 4″ connected by an intermediate connecting portion 4b;
4'' is folded back approximately parallel to the straight portion 4a, and when inserted into the hook, it snaps into place and connects the molding plates of the outer mold and the inner mold at a predetermined interval. Connector in Figure B and Figure 2 C
A coupler may be used in combination.

To carry out construction, when constructing the foundation B, set the hooks protruding from the back side of each of the molded plates of the outer and inner molds from the upper surface of the outdoor side and the indoor side at the same lateral spacing as shown in Fig. 2A, for example. The connectors 4... can be made to protrude upward, or, as proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1982-68220, a reference frame having two rows of connectors 4 facing upward can be integrated onto the top surface of the foundation during foundation construction. The reference frame can be fixed horizontally on the constructed foundation, or the reference frame can be fixed horizontally using the vertical reinforcements 5 rising from the foundation. Insert the lower hook 3 protruding from the foundation into the upward connecting tool 4 on the foundation, and insert the vertical reinforcement 5 rising from the foundation and the horizontal reinforcement 6 which is welded or tied to the horizontal reinforcement 6 to connect both molded plates 1,
1′ are lined up on the back side with a certain distance between them,
The process of pouring ready-mixed concrete C at the above-mentioned intervals is repeated each time one row is lined up, or one or a few more rows are placed on top of it, and the outer wall of the building of the desired height is constructed. In addition, it is preferable to pour the ready-mixed concrete before the ready-mixed concrete below the concrete has yet to harden.

<Effects of the Invention> The heat insulating material 2 attached to the back side of the molded plate constituting the outer mold while avoiding the hook makes the outer wall of the constructed building externally insulated. In other words, when the outdoor temperature starts to drop from evening to night, the insulation material 2 suppresses the flow of heat toward the outdoors through the exterior wall, and most of the heat energy stored in the exterior wall due to sunlight flows toward the interior. Based on the unique insulation theory of the construction method, it prevents a sudden drop in room temperature and internal condensation. Note that the part on the back of the molded board where no insulation material is attached comes into contact with the wall of ready-mixed concrete, and heat flow occurs there, which has a negative effect on the insulation effect. In practice, this can be ignored and causes almost no problem. and a folded portion of the hook that protrudes a certain length from the back surface of the molded plate;
The outer surface of the upper and lower tiers of molded plates must be precisely aligned to connect the molded plates of the upper and lower tiers in a state where they are lined up. It is aligned vertically and does not protrude or retract unsightly.

Furthermore, the outer surface of the outer wall is covered with a molded plate, and the insulation material 2
Since it is hidden behind the wall, there is no need for exterior work to protect the insulation material, and even if the insulation material has fire-retardant properties, it can be used without any problems because it is buried in the wall.

Of course, this molded board can be used to easily and quickly construct an externally heated external wall of a building without the need for removal work after the wall is constructed.Furthermore, the hooks and connectors can be filled inside with the poured concrete. While protecting against corrosion, the hooks and connectors securely connect the molded board and insulation material to the wall, and reinforcing materials such as laths and reinforcing bars buried inside the upper and lower layers of the molded board are are unrelated to each other, but the ready-mixed concrete C has a connecting tool 4 that connects the molded plates 1 and 1 of the upper and lower stages.
By being buried in the molded concrete and integrally connected with the ready-mixed concrete together with the molded plates of the upper and lower tiers, the reinforcing materials in the molded plates 1 and 1 of the upper and lower tiers, which were originally unrelated, are connected strongly through the connectors, and the constructed It becomes a strength member of the outer wall and effectively reinforces the strength of the wall.

Furthermore, even if the insulation melts and disappears due to a fire,
The molded plates in the upper and lower tiers are connected to each other by a connector that comes into contact with the back side and the folded part of the hook, so they will not collapse, and foaming agents etc. can be injected into the space where the insulation material has disappeared. It can be foamed and reborn as an externally insulated exterior wall.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the construction state, Fig. 2 A, B, and C are front views showing three examples of coupling devices that can be used with this invention, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the construction state. A slope view seen from the back of the first embodiment of the molding plate for the outer mold that can be used in this invention, FIG. FIG. 6 is a slope view of the second embodiment of the molding plate as seen from the back side, FIG. 6 is a slope view of the third embodiment of the molding plate for outer molds as seen from the back side, and FIG. 7 is a part of the same connector inserted state. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of still another embodiment of the molding plate for the outer mold, as seen from the back side; in the figure, 1 is the molding plate for the outer mold, 2 is the heat insulating material, and 3 is the 4 indicates the hook, and C indicates the poured ready-mixed concrete.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The exterior mold for the outdoor side of a formwork for constructing the external wall of a building by pouring concrete is made of molded plates having a predetermined thickness, width, and height arranged vertically in multiple stages. In a method for constructing an exterior wall of a building, in which the outer surface of the constructed exterior wall is covered with the above-mentioned molded plates; approximately 1 width of the width from each end of the back surface of each of the above-mentioned molded plates into which concrete is poured; A V-shaped, U-shaped, etc. folded part is provided at the top and bottom positions that are inwardly by 1/4, and hooks that are open in the vertical direction and protrude for a certain length are provided. Attach heat insulating material to the back side of the board; Connector that swingably slides into the hook under the upper molded plate and the hook above the lower molded plate, the back side of each plate, and the folded part of each hook. A method of constructing an exterior wall of a building, which is characterized by joining upper and lower molded plates by passing them through a series.