JPS6236561B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6236561B2 JPS6236561B2 JP10532281A JP10532281A JPS6236561B2 JP S6236561 B2 JPS6236561 B2 JP S6236561B2 JP 10532281 A JP10532281 A JP 10532281A JP 10532281 A JP10532281 A JP 10532281A JP S6236561 B2 JPS6236561 B2 JP S6236561B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- value
- final value
- time constant
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/0205—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system
- G05B13/026—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system using a predictor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、一次遅れ時定数をもつて変化する測
定信号の最終値を予測する、最終値予測回路に関
するものである。さらに詳しくは、一次遅れ時定
数が一定でない測定信号についてもその最終値を
予測する、最終値予測回路に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a final value prediction circuit that predicts the final value of a measurement signal that changes with a first order lag time constant. More specifically, the present invention relates to a final value prediction circuit that predicts the final value of a measurement signal whose first-order lag time constant is not constant.
一次遅れ時定数を持つて変化する信号を測定し
たり、あるいは測定結果に基づいて制御等を行う
場合には、測定または制御の速応性を高めるため
に、測定信号の最終値の予測が必要とされる。従
来は、最終値予測のために、同じ時定数の一次進
み回路を用いていたが、このような一次進み回路
は、時定数が固定されているので、一次遅れ時定
数が一定不変の場合にしか適用できない。時定数
が変動する測定値に対しては、一次進み回路の時
定数を適応して変化させなければならないが、そ
れを可能にする手段としては、適切なものがいま
までになかつた。 When measuring a signal that changes with a first-order lag time constant or performing control based on the measurement results, it is necessary to predict the final value of the measured signal in order to improve the responsiveness of measurement or control. be done. Conventionally, a first-order lead circuit with the same time constant has been used to predict the final value, but since such a first-order lead circuit has a fixed time constant, it can be can only be applied. The time constant of the primary advance circuit must be adaptively changed in response to a measurement value whose time constant varies, but no suitable means has hitherto been available to make this possible.
本発明の目的は、一次遅れ時定数が変動する測
定信号について適用できる最終値予測回路を提供
することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a final value prediction circuit that can be applied to a measurement signal whose first-order lag time constant varies.
本発明は、時定数が可変な一次進み回路の出力
信号に基づいて、この出力信号の時間的変化が零
になるように、一次進み回路の時定数をフイード
バツク制御するようにしたものである。 In the present invention, the time constant of the primary advance circuit is feedback-controlled based on the output signal of the primary advance circuit whose time constant is variable so that the temporal change in the output signal becomes zero.
以下、図面によつて、本発明を詳細に説明す
る。第1図は、本発明実施例の概念的構成図であ
る。第1図において、1は可変時定数の一次進み
回路、2は時間に関する微分回路、3は高ゲイン
の増幅回路である。一次進み回路1には測定信号
x(t)が入力され、これが予測最終値x∞に変
換されて出力される。一次進み回路1の出力信号
x〓は、微分回路2で微分されて増幅回路3に入
力される。増幅回路3はそれを増幅した出力信号
によつて一次進み回路1の時定数を制御する。こ
のような制御ループの一巡の伝達関数の極性は負
になるように定められ、これによつて制御ループ
は自己平衡性を持つものとされる。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a linear advance circuit with a variable time constant, 2 is a time-related differentiation circuit, and 3 is a high gain amplifier circuit. A measurement signal x(t) is input to the primary advance circuit 1, which is converted into a predicted final value x∞ and output. The output signal x of the primary advance circuit 1 is differentiated by a differentiating circuit 2 and input to an amplifier circuit 3. The amplifier circuit 3 controls the time constant of the primary advance circuit 1 using the amplified output signal. The polarity of the transfer function for one round of such a control loop is set to be negative, thereby making the control loop self-equilibrium.
一次遅れ時定数Tをもつて変化する測定信号x
(t)は、次式によつて表わすことができる。 Measurement signal x varying with first-order lag time constant T
(t) can be expressed by the following equation.
x(t)=xOe〓〓〓〓+x∞(1−e〓〓〓
〓) (1)
ただし、xOはt=0のときの初期値、x∞は
t=∞のときの最終値である。(1)式の関係を図示
すれば、第2図のようになり、初期値xOと最終
値x∞との大小関係によつて、曲線aまたはbの
どちらかになる。x(t)=x O e〓〓〓〓〓+x∞(1−e〓〓〓
〓) (1) However, x O is the initial value when t=0, and x∞ is the final value when t=∞. If the relationship of equation (1) is illustrated, it will be as shown in FIG. 2, and it will be either curve a or b depending on the magnitude relationship between the initial value x O and the final value x∞.
一次進み回路1の伝達関数は次式で与えられる
から、
G(S)=1+STc (2)
一次進み回路1に測定信号x(t)を入力したと
きの出力信号x∞は、次のようになる。 Since the transfer function of the primary advance circuit 1 is given by the following equation, G(S)=1+STc (2) When the measurement signal x(t) is input to the primary advance circuit 1, the output signal x∞ is as follows. Become.
x∞=x(t)(1+STc)
=(Tc/T−1)(x∞−xO)e〓〓〓〓+x∞(
3)
ここで、もし、Tc=Tとすることができれ
ば、右辺の第1項が零となるから、(3)式は時間に
よつて変化しないものとなり、かつ、x∞=x∞
となつて最終値に等しい予測値が得られる。x∞=x(t)(1+STc) =(Tc/T-1)(x∞-x O )e〓〓〓〓+x∞(
3) Here, if Tc=T, the first term on the right side becomes zero, so equation (3) does not change over time, and x∞=x∞
The predicted value is then equal to the final value.
このことから逆に、一次進み回路1の時定数
Tcを制御することにより、一次進み回路1の出
力信号を時間によつて変化しないものにすれば、
実際の最終値に一致した予測最終値が得られるこ
とになる。 From this, conversely, the time constant of the primary advance circuit 1 is
By controlling Tc, the output signal of the primary advance circuit 1 can be made to remain unchanged over time.
A predicted final value that matches the actual final value will be obtained.
第1図の回路において、制御ループが平衡状態
にあるとき、増幅回路3の入力信号は、最小値に
なつている。増幅回路3のゲインは十分高いの
で、その入力信号は事実上零とみなすことができ
る。増幅回路3の入力信号は、微分回路2の出力
信号であるから、これが零であるということは、
微分前の信号すなわち一次進み回路1の出力信号
が、時間によつて変化しないものであることを示
している。 In the circuit of FIG. 1, when the control loop is in a balanced state, the input signal to the amplifier circuit 3 is at its minimum value. Since the gain of the amplifier circuit 3 is sufficiently high, the input signal thereof can be regarded as virtually zero. Since the input signal of the amplifier circuit 3 is the output signal of the differentiator circuit 2, the fact that this is zero means that
This shows that the signal before differentiation, that is, the output signal of the primary advance circuit 1, does not change with time.
したがつて、平衡状態における一次進み回路1
の出力信号x∞は、前記の理由により、測定信号
x(t)の最終値x∞に一致したものとなる。す
なわち最終値x∞の予測値が得られたことにな
る。 Therefore, the primary advance circuit 1 in the equilibrium state
The output signal x∞ of is coincident with the final value x∞ of the measurement signal x(t) for the above-mentioned reason. In other words, the predicted value of the final value x∞ has been obtained.
このような最終値予測回路の具体例を、第3図
に示す。第3図において、一次進み回路1は、演
算増幅器A1に、電界効果トランジスタQによる
可変抵抗とコンデンサCとからなる一次遅れの負
帰還回路を組合わせたものとなつており、また、
微分回路2と増幅回路3も、それぞれ演算増幅器
A2,A3に適宜の抵抗およびコンデンサの回路
を組合わせたものとなつている。電界効果トラン
ジスタQは、そのゲートに与えられる増幅回路3
の出力信号によつて等価抵抗が制御され、可変抵
抗器として機能し、それによつて可変の時定数を
与える。 A specific example of such a final value prediction circuit is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the first-order advance circuit 1 is a combination of an operational amplifier A1 and a first-order delayed negative feedback circuit consisting of a variable resistor formed by a field effect transistor Q and a capacitor C.
The differentiating circuit 2 and the amplifying circuit 3 are also constructed by combining operational amplifiers A2 and A3 with appropriate resistor and capacitor circuits, respectively. The field effect transistor Q has an amplifier circuit 3 applied to its gate.
The equivalent resistance is controlled by the output signal of and functions as a variable resistor, thereby providing a variable time constant.
測定信号x(t)は、第2図に示すように、増
加するものか、減少するものかによつて初期値x
Oと最終値x∞の大小関係が逆になる。このため
微分回路2の出力信号は、測定信号x(t)の変
化方向によつて極性が異なるが、それにかかわら
ず制御ループの自己平衡性を維持するためには、
閉ループの伝達関数の極性を切換える必要があ
る。 As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement signal x(t) has an initial value x depending on whether it increases or decreases.
The magnitude relationship between O and the final value x∞ is reversed. Therefore, the polarity of the output signal of the differentiating circuit 2 differs depending on the direction of change of the measurement signal x(t), but in order to maintain the self-balanced property of the control loop regardless of this,
It is necessary to switch the polarity of the closed-loop transfer function.
そのような手段を備えた実施例を第4図に示
す。第4図において、第1図と同様の部分は同じ
記号で表わすが、その他に、増幅信号の出力経路
を2つに分岐して、一方の経路に極性反転回路4
を挿入し、スイツチ5によつて経路の切換えを行
うようにしたものである。スイツチ5の切換え
は、比較器8により、測定信号の時間微分値の極
性すなわち測定信号の変化方向に基づいて行わ
れ、変化方向が正の場合はスイツチ5を接点1側
に投入し、変化方向が負の場合には接点2側に投
入する。 An embodiment provided with such means is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the same parts as in FIG.
is inserted, and the route is switched by switch 5. Switch 5 is switched by comparator 8 based on the polarity of the time differential value of the measurement signal, that is, the change direction of the measurement signal. If the change direction is positive, switch 5 is turned on contact 1 side, and the change direction is If is negative, the contact 2 side is turned on.
このような最終値予測回路の応用例としての測
定値処理回路を第5図に示す。第5図において、
測定信号の入力経路は2つに分岐され、その一方
の最終値予測回路10が挿入され、最終値予測回
路10を経た信号と経ない信号のどちらかが、ス
イツチ11の切換えによつて選択出力されるよう
になつている。スイツチ11の切換えは、最終値
予測回路10を経た信号と経ない信号との差を、
比較器12によつて基準値V〓と比較することに
よつて行われ、差の値が基準値V〓より大きいと
き、スイツチ11を2側に投入して予測最終値を
選らばせ、差の値が基準値V〓より小さいとき、
スイツチ11を1側に投入して測定値そのものを
選択させる。基準値V〓は小さな値とされ、これ
によつて、測定値の現在値が最終値からかけはな
れているときは、予測最終値を出力し、測定値の
現在値が最終値に一致または近い値になつたとき
は、測定値そのものを出力するようになつてい
る。 FIG. 5 shows a measured value processing circuit as an application example of such a final value prediction circuit. In Figure 5,
The input path of the measurement signal is branched into two, and the final value prediction circuit 10 is inserted into one of them, and either the signal that has passed through the final value prediction circuit 10 or the signal that has not passed through the final value prediction circuit 10 can be selectively output by switching the switch 11. It is becoming more and more common. The switching of the switch 11 calculates the difference between the signal that has passed through the final value prediction circuit 10 and the signal that has not passed through the final value prediction circuit 10.
This is done by comparing the difference with the reference value V〓 by the comparator 12, and when the difference value is larger than the reference value V〓, the switch 11 is turned to the 2 side to select the predicted final value, and the difference is When the value of is smaller than the reference value V〓,
The switch 11 is turned to the 1 side to select the measured value itself. The reference value V〓 is set to a small value, so that when the current value of the measured value is far from the final value, the predicted final value is output, and the current value of the measured value matches or is close to the final value. When the value is reached, the measured value itself is output.
以上のように、本発明は、時定数が可変な一次
進み回路の出力信号に基づいて、この出力信号の
時間的変化が零になるように、一次進み回路の時
定数をフイードバツク制御するようにした。 As described above, the present invention provides feedback control of the time constant of the primary advance circuit, based on the output signal of the primary advance circuit whose time constant is variable, so that the temporal change in this output signal becomes zero. did.
このため、本発明によれば、一次遅れ時定数が
変動する測定信号について適用できる最終値予測
回路が得られる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, a final value prediction circuit can be obtained that can be applied to a measurement signal whose first-order lag time constant varies.
第1図は、本発明実施例の概念的構成図、第2
図は、測定信号の時間的変化を示すグラフ、第3
図は、本発明の具体例の電気的接続図、第4図
は、本発明の他の実施例の概念的構成図、第5図
は、本発明の応用例の概念的構成図である。
1……一次進み回路、2……微分回路、3……
増幅回路、4……スイツチ、5……比較器。
Fig. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a graph showing temporal changes in the measurement signal.
4 is a conceptual diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of an applied example of the present invention. 1...Primary advance circuit, 2...Differential circuit, 3...
Amplifier circuit, 4... switch, 5... comparator.
Claims (1)
み回路の出力信号に基づいてこの出力信号の時間
的変化が零になるように一次進み回路の時定数を
制御するフイードバツク制御回路とを具備する最
終値予測回路。1 Equipped with a primary advance circuit with a variable time constant, and a feedback control circuit that controls the time constant of the primary advance circuit so that the temporal change in the output signal becomes zero based on the output signal of the primary advance circuit. Final value prediction circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10532281A JPS588302A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1981-07-06 | Final value forecasting circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10532281A JPS588302A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1981-07-06 | Final value forecasting circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS588302A JPS588302A (en) | 1983-01-18 |
| JPS6236561B2 true JPS6236561B2 (en) | 1987-08-07 |
Family
ID=14404472
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10532281A Granted JPS588302A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1981-07-06 | Final value forecasting circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS588302A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0173956U (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-18 | ||
| US11785832B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2023-10-10 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display device and method for manufacturing the same |
-
1981
- 1981-07-06 JP JP10532281A patent/JPS588302A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0173956U (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-18 | ||
| US11785832B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2023-10-10 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display device and method for manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS588302A (en) | 1983-01-18 |
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