JPS6238176B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tank car for transporting powder and granular materials equipped with an exhaust brake device for vehicle deceleration.

Modern tank cars for transporting powder and granules use engine-driven air compressors installed in the vehicle to discharge powder and granules such as powdered cement, sugar, and flour stored in the tank to the outside of the tank. A system has been adopted in which powder and granules are fluidized and discharged using air.

However, in this type of tank car for transporting powder and granular materials, engine noise and air compressor noise combine to generate significant noise when discharging powder and granular materials. It is necessary to install a power extraction device to drive the vehicle and accessories related to these devices on the vehicle, which causes problems such as a large number of parts, an increase in vehicle weight, and a restriction on the size of the tank. It had drawbacks such as being expensive.

A tank car for transporting powder and granular materials that eliminates these problems and shortcomings is described in SAE paper 660741 "Combination Diesel Engine Air Compressor 'The Dual Diesel'".

However, the exhaust shutoff valve in the tank car for transporting powder and granular material described in the above document is not only provided on the exhaust path side of the cylinder group where the fuel cutoff valve of the engine is located, but it is also clear from the circuit diagram in FIG. This is a flow path switching valve that is used only when supplying compressed air to the powder tank in conjunction with the parking brake when the vehicle is stopped. Its function is different from the so-called exhaust brake valve for vehicle deceleration, which decelerates the vehicle with the braking force obtained by trapping exhaust gas in the exhaust passage and increasing the exhaust pressure. No consideration has been given to the dual use of .

Therefore, when the tank car for transporting powder and granular material in the above-mentioned document is equipped with an exhaust brake device for decelerating the vehicle, in addition to the exhaust shutoff valve and its control device, the exhaust brake valve for vehicle deceleration and its control device are installed. It is necessary to provide a separate

In addition, in the tank car for transporting powder and granular materials described in the above-mentioned document, since the branch path for supplying compressed air is not provided with an on-off valve, the connection of the tank for powder and granular materials is at the end of the branch path. Installed removable valve
This is done after removing the cap.
When the cylinder of the engine is operated as an air compressor for the powder tank, there are drawbacks such as additional manual work being required and handling operations being inconvenient.

Moreover, since the tank car is not equipped with an on-off valve on the branch path that supplies compressed air, when discharging powder and granules, the piping must be switched manually as described above, so the exhaust path must be switched manually. The distance from the branching point to the branching path to the piping switching site is inevitably large, and the exhaust gas from traveling enters the pipe in this area, causing fuel carbide, etc. in the exhaust gas to accumulate in this area. As a result, there is a risk that the powder may be blown away by the compressed air during pressure feeding, mix with the loaded powder, and contaminate the powder.

Furthermore, Utility Model Application Publication No. 50-84629 describes a warm-up promotion device during the direct injection internal combustion period that is equipped with an exhaust brake valve device. When the exhaust brake valve provided in the exhaust path is used for both vehicle deceleration and warm-up promotion, the compressed air from some of the cylinder groups is confined in the cylinders and the exhaust path, and acts as a load on the cylinders. In both cases, the exhaust brake valve only needs to be opened and closed at the end, and even if the compressed air contains exhaust gas components, it will not cause any problems. There is no. On the other hand, when the compressed air is used for discharging powder and granular materials, the compressed air is not confined as a load to the cylinder, but is supplied to the powder tank as a working fluid for discharging powder and granular materials. If the exhaust gas component is contained in the compressed air, the powder and granules in the tank will be contaminated and cannot be used.

Therefore, it is technically impossible to use the exhaust brake valve both for decelerating the vehicle and for promoting warm-up, and for it to also be used as a means for supplying working fluid when discharging powder and granules from a transport tank car for discharging powder and granules. There is a big gap.

The present invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a vehicle deceleration device that is provided in some cylinder groups having an engine fuel stop device and used for decelerating the vehicle when the vehicle is running. By making the exhaust brake valve double as a warm-up accelerating device and as a control means for controlling powder discharge from a powder tank, the equipment and parts for discharging powder can be improved. An on-off valve is provided in the vicinity of the branching part of the branching passage which connects the exhaust passage to the powder tank from the exhaust passage closer to the engine than the brake valve of the part of the cylinder group. As a result, exhaust gas enters into the branch passage, fuel carbide, etc. in the exhaust gas accumulates, and when compressed air is supplied, it blows away the powder loaded in the powder tank. Some cylinders are designed to prevent contamination of the powder or granules from being mixed in with the particles, and operate as an air compressor in conjunction with closing the vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valve when the powder or granules are discharged. A powder discharge operation circuit is provided that controls opening of the on-off valve provided in the branch path connecting the group exhaust passage to the powder tank, so that the powder discharge from the powder tank is controlled. An exhaust system for decelerating a vehicle that is easy to operate, eliminates the need to individually operate the exhaust brake valve (closing valve) and remove the cap manually as in the previous example, and prevents operational errors. An object of the present invention is to provide a tank car for transporting powder and granular materials equipped with a brake device.

The gist of this is that an exhaust brake valve for vehicle deceleration is provided in each exhaust path of some of the cylinder groups that operate as an air compressor equipped with a fuel stop device in the engine, and of other cylinder groups, and A normally closed on-off valve is provided in the vicinity of a branch of a branch path that connects an exhaust path closer to the engine than the exhaust brake valve belonging to the cylinder group to the powder tank, so that the fuel stop device and the A warm-up promotion circuit is provided to control the exhaust brake valves belonging to some cylinder groups to close, and the fuel stop device and the exhaust gas belonging to the some cylinder groups are provided. The present invention relates to a tank car for transporting powder and granular material, which is equipped with an exhaust brake device for decelerating a vehicle, which is provided with a circuit for operating the discharge of powder and granular material, which controls the on-off valve to open in conjunction with closing of the brake valve. An example of this will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a V-type diesel engine with two banks mounted on a powder transport tank car equipped with an exhaust brake device, with cylinders #1, 3, 5, and 7.
The left bank 2 includes cylinders #2, 4, 6, and 8, and the right bank 3 includes cylinders #2, 4, 6, and 8.
are connected to exhaust passages 4 and 5, respectively.

Reference numerals 6 and 7 are vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valves of the vehicle deceleration exhaust brake device, which are disposed in the middle of the exhaust passages 4 and 5 so as to be freely openable and closable. The exhaust braking force is obtained by increasing the exhaust pressure within the air tank 5, and each operating valve mechanism is connected to the air tank 8 via the air passage 9 and air passages 10 and 11 branched from it. has been done.

12 and 13 are solenoid valves, which connect the air passages 10 and 11.
The air passage is normally closed and opened only when electricity is applied.

Reference numerals 14 and 15 denote two interlocking fuel injection pumps, which are disposed between the two banks 2 and 3, and inject and supply fuel to each cylinder #1 to #8 of each corresponding bank. , 16 and 17 are oil passages which branch fuel from the fuel tank 18 to the injection pumps 14 and 15, respectively.

19 is a fuel stop electromagnetic valve as a fuel stop device, and one of the oil passages 16 and 17,
For example, it is provided in the middle of the oil passage 16 connected to the injection pump 14, and the oil passage 16 is closed only when electricity is applied.

Also, a fuel stop solenoid valve 1 that closes the oil passage 16 is provided.
A branch passage 20 is connected to the exhaust passage 4 of the bank 2 on the side where the exhaust brake valve 9 is disposed, and a branch passage 20 is connected to the engine side from the position where the vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valve 6 is disposed. A normally closed electromagnetic valve 21 is provided near the branch so that it can be opened and closed, and is connected to the bottom 26a of a powder tank 26 via filters 22, 23 and a one-way valve 24.

27 is an air slide belt provided near the bottom of the tank 26, and 28 is a powder discharge duct which extends outward from the inside of the tank 26, and is connected by appropriate means near its discharge port 28a. An on-off valve 29 that is opened and closed is provided.

Furthermore, the tank 26 is provided with an inlet 30 for introducing powder and granular material, a built-in filter 31 and an air vent duct 32 connected thereto, and an on-off valve 33 located near the outlet 32a of the duct 32 for opening and closing the duct 32, as is well known. etc. are provided.

On the other hand, 34 is a circuit for operating the exhaust brake for decelerating the vehicle of the exhaust brake device for decelerating the vehicle, which is connected to the battery 35 via the key switch 36.
The solenoid valve 1 includes an exhaust brake switch 37, an accelerator switch 38 that operates in conjunction with an accelerator pedal, and a clutch switch 39 that operates in conjunction with a clutch pedal.
2 are connected to each other.

41 is a warm-up promotion circuit of the warm-up promotion device, which includes a warm-up switch 42 and is connected to a battery 35 and a key switch 36 by an exhaust brake circuit 3 for decelerating the vehicle.
4 and is connected to the solenoid valve 12 via a diode 43, and connected to the solenoid valve 19 via a branch line 44.

45 is a circuit for discharging powder and granular material, which includes a switch 46 for discharging powder and granular material;
The key switch 36 is wired in parallel with the circuit 34 for operating the exhaust brake for vehicle deceleration and the circuit 41 for promoting warm-up, and connected to the solenoid valve 21 via the branch line 47, and connected to the diode 48 and the branch line. 44 to the solenoid valve 19 and the warm-up promotion circuit 41
It is further connected to the solenoid valve 12 via the same circuit 41.

Each of the three circuits 34, 41, and 46 may be provided with a display device such as a display lamp, if necessary.

In the powder transport tank car of the present invention configured as described above, when discharging the powder in the tank 26, the discharge operation switch 46 is closed and the powder discharge operation circuit 45 is closed. The current is supplied from the battery 35 to the solenoid valve 1 via the switch 46.
2, 19, and 21, respectively. Therefore, solenoid valve 1
9 is closed, the injection pump 14 is removed from the oil passage 16.
Since the oil supply to the cylinders #1 and #1 of the left bank 2 is cut off, the pump 14 is in a non-injection state.
Stop fuel supply to 3, 5, and 7.

At the same time, the solenoid valve 12 operates and opens its air passage, so compressed air from the air tank 8 flows through the air passages 9 and 10 to the operating mechanism of the exhaust brake valve 6 for vehicle deceleration, and the valve 6 is closed. do.

Furthermore, the opening operation of the solenoid valve 21 brings the exhaust passage 4 and the branch passage 20 into communication, so that the left bank 2 acts as an air compressor that simply compresses intake air.
The compressed air from cylinders #1, 3, 5, and 7 is not discharged outward from the exhaust path 4, but is sent to the branch path 20 side. Furthermore, the compressed air passes through filters 22, 23 and one-way valve 24 to tank 2.
6 is introduced into the bottom part 26a.

Therefore, the powder in the tank 26 is fluidized by the compressed air from below the air slide belt 27, and by opening the on-off valve 29, the duct 2
It is discharged outward from 8.

Moreover, the solenoid valve 21, which is closed when not discharging powder or granules, prevents the exhaust gas from entering the branch path 20, so the powder or granules that are the cargo are not contaminated by fuel carbide in the exhaust gas. Never.

Next, if you want to operate the exhaust brake while the vehicle is running, close the exhaust brake switch 37 and close the circuit 34 for operating the exhaust brake for vehicle deceleration, and the current will flow from the battery 35 to the exhaust brake switch 37 and the accelerator switch. 38, solenoid valve 13 and diode 40 via clutch switch 39
Since the flow flows to the solenoid valve 12 through the solenoid valve 1
Since the exhaust brake valves 3 and 12 are opened, the vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valves 7 and 6 are closed. At this time, solenoid valve 1
Since energization to 9 and 21 is blocked by diode 43, solenoid valves 19 and 21 do not operate, so that there is no problem in exhaust brake operation.

Next, when starting the engine 1 in cold weather, close the warm-up switch 42 and close the warm-up promotion circuit 41.
When the circuit is closed, the current flows from the battery 35 to the switch 4.
2 to the solenoid valves 19 and 12, respectively.

As the solenoid valve 19 is closed by the above operation, the oil supply from the oil pipe 16 to the injection pump 14 is cut off, and the injection pump 14 becomes in a non-injection state, and each cylinder of the left bank 2 (#1, 3, 5, 7 ).

At the same time, the solenoid valve 12 is activated and its air passage is opened, so compressed air flows from the air tank 8 through the air passages 9 and 10 to the operating mechanism of the exhaust brake valve 6 for vehicle deceleration, and the exhaust brake valve 6 is activated. Close the discharge passage 4.

In addition, in this case, since the current to the solenoid valve 11 is blocked by the diode 40, the solenoid valve 11
is not activated and keeps the exhaust path 5 open. In this way, the warm-up operation when starting the engine 1 is performed only by each cylinder (#2, 4, 6, 8) of the right bank 3, and each cylinder (#1, 3, 8) of the left bank 2. 5, 7) simply operate as an intake air compressor without generating power.

Therefore, the operation of each of the cylinders of the left bank 2 as a compressor acts on the cylinders of the right bank 3 as an increase in load. pump 15
The control rack installed in the cylinder automatically moves in the direction of fuel increase to a position that adapts to the increase in load, and the control rack in the right bank 3 (#2, 4,
6, 8) Supply a moderately increased amount of fuel.

Due to this increased supply of fuel, the amount of heat generated in the combustion chamber increases in each cylinder (#2, 4, 6, 8) of the right bank 3, and ignition occurs uniformly and quickly.

Therefore, each cylinder of right bank 3 (#2, 4,
6 and 8), the ignition variation is eliminated and combustion efficiency is improved, so the combustion chamber temperature rises earlier, and the cooling water temperature and oil temperature of the engine 1 also rise earlier, promoting warm-up and whitening. The generation of smoke and blue smoke is prevented.

Furthermore, each cylinder of left bank 2 (#1, 3,
5, 7) is cut off by the solenoid valve 19, the amount of fuel supplied at the time of starting is reduced compared to the conventional starting method. The amount is also reduced.

Furthermore, since the exhaust passage 4 of the left bank 2 is closed by the exhaust brake valve 6, the intake air drawn into each cylinder (#1, 3, 5, 7) of the bank 2 is The temperature of the air is increased by the compression action, and the air remains in each cylinder, so the air temperature inside the combustion chamber is maintained at a higher temperature than the outside air temperature, and even when the non-injection state is switched to the injection state, the air temperature remains in each cylinder. (#1, 3,
5, 7) is easily ignited, combustion is performed smoothly, and the operation of the engine 1 is not disturbed.

Furthermore, the warm-up switch 4 in the warm-up promotion circuit 41
In addition to using a manually operated type switch 2, it is also possible to adopt a sensing type switch that automatically opens and closes in response to the load of the engine 1, cooling water temperature, oil temperature, exhaust gas temperature, etc.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, a fuel cut system using the electromagnetic valve 19 is adopted for each cylinder of the left bank 2, but the same effect can be achieved by changing the configuration of the plunger of the injection pump.

Further, in the above-described embodiments, an example of a V-type engine has been described, but it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if an in-line multi-cylinder engine is employed.

As described above, the powder and granular material transport tank car equipped with the exhaust brake device for vehicle deceleration according to the present invention has some cylinder groups that operate as an air compressor equipped with a fuel stop device in the engine and other cylinder groups. An exhaust brake valve for vehicle deceleration is provided in each of the exhaust passages, and the exhaust brake valve for decelerating the vehicle is provided in the vicinity of the branching part of the branch passage connecting the exhaust passage to the powder tank from the exhaust passage on the engine side than the exhaust brake valve belonging to the some cylinder group. A normally closed on-off valve is provided, and a warm-up promotion circuit is provided that controls the fuel stop device and the exhaust brake valves belonging to some of the cylinder groups to be closed during warm-up, and A particulate material discharge operation circuit is provided which controls the opening/closing valve to be opened in conjunction with closing the fuel stop device and the exhaust brake valves belonging to some of the cylinder groups during body discharge. There is an effect like.

First, exhaust brake valves for vehicle deceleration were installed in the exhaust passages of some cylinder groups that operate as air compressors equipped with a fuel stop device in the engine, and of other cylinder groups. When the vehicle is running, the exhaust brake valves for decelerating the vehicle in each of the exhaust passages are operated simultaneously, and a strong exhaust braking force for decelerating the vehicle can be obtained.

In addition, a normally closed on-off valve is provided near the branch of the branch path that connects the exhaust path to the powder tank from the exhaust path on the engine side of the exhaust brake valve belonging to some of the cylinder groups. When the exhaust brake valve is operated to decelerate the vehicle or to promote warm-up, the exhaust gas is prevented from entering the branch path, and the fuel carbide in the exhaust gas is removed by the exhaust gas. It accumulates in the branch path, is blown away by the compressed air when compressed air is supplied for discharging the powder, and mixes with the powder and granules loaded in the powder tank, contaminating the powder and granules. It has the effect of preventing

Furthermore, since a warm-up promotion circuit is provided that controls the fuel stop device and the exhaust brake valves belonging to some of the cylinder groups to be closed during warm-up, the exhaust brake valve for decelerating the vehicle used when the vehicle is running is closed. Since it can also be used as a control valve for promoting warm-up of the engine during warm-up, there is an effect that devices and parts for promoting warm-up can be made into cylinders.

Further, when discharging the powder or granular material from the tank, the opening/closing valve is controlled to be opened in conjunction with closing the fuel stop device and the vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valve belonging to some of the cylinder groups. Since the discharge operation circuit is provided, the exhaust brake valve for decelerating the vehicle used when the vehicle is running can also be used as the control valve for controlling the discharge of powder and granules from the tank for powder and granules. This has the effect of making the equipment and parts for this purpose cylindrical.

Furthermore, it eliminates the need to individually operate the exhaust brake valve (closing valve) installed in the exhaust path and the normally closed on-off valve installed in the branch path, and also prevents work errors.
In addition, there is an advantage that there is no need for a removable bulk cap that is attached to the branch road and that is manually attached and detached in conventional vehicles.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Diesel engine, 2... Left bank (including #1, 3, 5, 7), 3... Right bank (including #2, 4, 6, 8), 4... Exhaust path, 6... Exhaust for vehicle deceleration Brake valve, 12, 13... solenoid valve,
19... Solenoid valve for fuel stop, 20... Branch road, 21...
Solenoid valve, 26...tank for powder and granular material, 28... duct for discharging powder and granular material, 34... circuit for operating exhaust brake for vehicle deceleration, 37... exhaust brake switch, 41...
Warm-up promotion circuit, 42... Warm-up switch, 45... Powder discharge operation circuit, 46... Powder discharge operation switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Vehicle deceleration exhaust brake valves are provided in the exhaust passages of some of the cylinder groups that operate as an air compressor equipped with a fuel stop device in the engine and other cylinder groups, and A normally-closed on-off valve is provided near the branching point of the branching path that connects the exhaust path to the powder tank from the exhaust path on the engine side of the exhaust brake valve, so that the fuel stop device and some of the cylinder groups are connected to the fuel stop device and some of the cylinder groups during warm-up. providing a warm-up promotion circuit that controls to close the exhaust brake valves belonging to the cylinder group; and closing the fuel stop device and the exhaust brake valves belonging to the some cylinder groups when discharging the powder from the tank. A tank car for transporting powder and granular material, which is equipped with an exhaust brake device for decelerating a vehicle, which is provided with a circuit for operating the discharge of powder and granular material, which controls the opening and closing of the on-off valve in conjunction with the circuit.