JPS6241555B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for carbonizing oil base shale and its equipment, and more particularly to a rectangular vertical carbonization furnace that performs preheating carbonization, residual carbon treatment, and cooling of a raw material in one furnace.

Methods for recovering so-called shale oil from oil matrix shale can be broadly classified into vertical furnaces, grate furnaces, and kiln furnaces. Among these, the vertical furnace type uses densely packed oil matrix shale particles and gas as a heating medium. Since the contact efficiency is good, it is possible to keep the amount of gas to a small amount, thereby reducing equipment costs and operating costs, and several types of processes have already been developed.

Two methods are known as these conventional systems: either the preheating carbonization step and the residual carbon treatment step are performed in separate furnaces, or the residual carbon treatment is not performed at all. The problem with these methods is that they require installation space when processing in a separate furnace. A process of transporting raw materials from the carbonization furnace to the residual carbon processing furnace is required. In order to transport the raw materials, it is necessary to cool them once, resulting in large heat loss.

Furthermore, if no residual carbon treatment is performed at all, there are pollution problems such as effects on plants and groundwater.

In addition, conventional carbonization furnaces consisting of preheating, carbonization, residual carbon treatment and cooling use a portion of the carbonization gas obtained by carbonization as a heat source. In addition, the low-calorie gas generated in the residual carbon treatment zone flows into the upper carbonization zone and mixes with the high-calorie gas (component equivalent to petroleum) generated in the carbonization zone, reducing the calorie content of the resulting carbonization gas. It had the disadvantage of being reduced.

The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a method for carbonizing oil base shale using a vertical furnace, which prevents environmental damage such as air pollution or groundwater pollution.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization equipment for oil base shale that can recover high-calorie gas without energy loss using the carbonization method described above.

That is, the present invention provides a method for treating oil base shale by preheating, carbonization, residual carbon treatment, and cooling, in which a dead zone is provided between the carbonization zone and the residual carbon treatment zone, so that the residual carbon treatment is performed at the lower part of the carbonization zone. A method for carbonizing oil base shale, characterized in that the in-furnace gas generated in the carbon removal zone is taken out of the furnace from the upper end of the residual carbon treatment zone, and the in-furnace gas is used to heat the carbonization gas supplied to the carbonization zone. This is the first invention.

Further, the present invention provides a charging device in the upper part of a vertical furnace equipped with a pre-heating zone, a carbonization zone, a residual carbon treatment zone, and a cooling zone, and a discharge device in the lower part, so that steam is provided at the lower end of the residual carbon treatment zone. , an air inlet is provided, an in-furnace gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the residual carbon treatment zone, a circulation path is formed between the lower end of the carbonization zone and the upper end of the preheating zone, and an oil inlet is provided in the circulation path. A recovery device and a gas heater for carbonization are provided, the heater is communicated with a gas outlet provided in the residual carbon treatment zone, and a gas mixing prevention means is configured between the carbonization zone and the residual carbon treatment zone. A second invention is a carbonization equipment for oil base shale characterized by the following.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The carbonization equipment of the present invention includes a vertical furnace 10 and a gas circulation system 2.
0 and a furnace gas extraction system 30. It is known that the oil shale carbonization furnace, which is a hard furnace type, is composed of preheating, carbonization, residual carbon treatment, and cooling sections, but the flow of the charged raw materials can be generally understood from the following explanation. .

1 is one type of charging device that uses a seal structure, but the figure shows an example in which a rectifying plate is provided.
The charged raw materials are preheated 2-1 and carbonized in the carbonization zone 2-1.
2, residual carbon processing zone 3, cut out by cutting device 4, stored in hopper 5 and cooled, seal valve 6 opened and stored in hopper 7, seal valve 8 opened and discharged.

Next, the flow of gas will be explained.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a hot gas blowing device for carbonization, which heats the raw material to about 500° C. and carbonizes it in the preheating and carbonization zone 2, and takes it out of the furnace through the furnace top gas extraction pipe 23. In the residual carbon processing zone 3, heated air 11 at about 800 to 1000°C is supplied from the top of the cutting device 4.
and steam 14 are blown in to cause a water gasification reaction with the carbon remaining in the oil base shale after carbonization, and the gas is recovered to the outside of the furnace 15 through the gas collection pipe 13.

Reference numeral 12 designates a gas purge pipe that blows and purges the gas after the completion of the water gasification toward the bottom of the furnace so that it does not enter the carbonization zone 2. A gas seal is created by the raw material between the two.

15 is a cooling gas blowing device for cooling the waste raw material, and cooling gas is introduced from the lower part of the hopper 5. As a method of blocking the combustion generated gas in the residual carbon processing zone 3 from flowing into the upper carbonization zone 2, a gas collection pipe 13 is installed to collect low-calorie in-furnace gas from the water gasification reaction with carbon. It is preferable to collect the purge gas outside the system and, if necessary, use an inert gas such as N ₂ to inject and blow out the purge gas from the pipe 12. In this specification, such a technical configuration will be referred to as means for preventing gas mixture between the carbonization zone and the residual carbon treatment zone.

That is, the above-mentioned gas mixing prevention means is provided between the carbonization zone and the residual carbon treatment zone, but as described later, its purpose is achieved by sealing with powder, gas, or solid, and the so-called gas This method provides what can be called a dead zone, making it extremely suitable for practical use in carbonization operations.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the above-mentioned gas mixing prevention means, in which a cooling gas 16 is used to cool the area under the carbonization zone, a cut-out device 17 is additionally installed to form a solid seal, and a gas seal by _N2 is used. Crotch-shaped hopper 32
We have obtained 3 seals for the powder seals for the raw materials.

FIG. 4 shows still another example, in which a constriction part 31 is interposed between the residual carbon treatment zone 3 and the carbonization zone 2, and the raw material retention layer height H is generated by the cutting operation of the cutting device 17, and the gas An example is shown in which a powder seal by controlling the suction force of the collection tube 13 and a solid seal by the cutting device 17 are used together.

The gas circulation system 20 of the present invention is constructed at the upper part of the pre-preparation zone 2-1 and the lower end of the carbonization zone 2-2, and is provided with an oil recovery device 21 and a carbonization gas heater 24. A part of the furnace gas branched from the furnace gas extraction system 30 is introduced into the carbonization gas heater 24 to obtain carbonization gas at an appropriate temperature.

The shape of the vertical furnace of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be cylindrical or square, but may be rectangular with long sides and short sides. A rectangular carbonization furnace is suitable for mass processing if the preheating, carbonization, residual carbon treatment, and cooling zones are all rectangular, and the desired number of raw material charging devices and waste material discharge devices are provided along the long sides.

The present invention has been described in detail above, and the present invention provides the following effects.

(1) Since carbonization and residual carbon treatment are performed in one furnace, the number of furnaces can be reduced and the raw material transportation process can be omitted.

(2) By eliminating the process of transporting raw materials from the carbonization furnace to the residual carbon processing furnace, there is no processing loss due to powdering of raw materials that occurs during the transport process. At the same time, there is no need to temporarily cool the raw material, which significantly reduces heat loss.

(3) Since the residual carbon treatment of waste raw materials can be performed continuously with the carbonization process, there is no dust generation, and since the residual carbon treatment is performed, problems such as air pollution, groundwater pollution, and environmental destruction can be solved.

(4) Since the furnace gas in the residual carbon treatment zone is collected and recovered outside the system, low-calorie gas does not flow into the carbonization zone.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall explanatory diagram showing the flow of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical carbonization furnace of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a further illustration of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. 1; Charging device, 2; Carbonization area, 3; Residual carbon processing area, 4; Raw material cutting device, 5; Hopper, 1
0; Carbonization furnace, 13; Gas collection pipe, 20; Gas circulation path, 21; Oil recovery device, 24; Gas heater, 3
0; Gas extraction system.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for treating oil mother shale by preheating, carbonization, residual carbon treatment, and cooling, in which a powder layer, a gas purge device, and a cutting device are provided as a gas sealing mechanism between the carbonization region and the residual carbon treatment region. A dead zone consisting of either one or a combination of A method for carbonizing oil base shale, comprising heating a gas for carbonization supplied to the carbonization region. 2. A charging device is installed in the upper part of a vertical furnace equipped with a preparatory zone, a carbonization zone, a residual carbon treatment zone, and a cooling zone, and a discharge device is installed in the lower part, so that steam and air are supplied to the lower end of the residual carbon treatment zone. An inlet is provided, an in-furnace gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the residual carbon treatment zone, a circulation path is formed between the lower end of the carbonization zone and the upper end of the preheating zone, and an oil recovery device is provided in the circulation path. A gas heater for carbonization is installed,
The heater is connected to a gas outlet provided in the residual carbon treatment zone, and a powder bed gas purge device and a cutting device are provided between the carbonization zone and the residual carbon treatment zone, either alone or in combination, to prevent gas mixing. A carbonization equipment for oil base shale characterized by comprising: