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JPS624369B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS624369B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS624369B2
JPS624369B2 JP52125611A JP12561177A JPS624369B2 JP S624369 B2 JPS624369 B2 JP S624369B2 JP 52125611 A JP52125611 A JP 52125611A JP 12561177 A JP12561177 A JP 12561177A JP S624369 B2 JPS624369 B2 JP S624369B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
freeze
japanese encephalitis
vaccine
encephalitis virus
gelatin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP52125611A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5459316A (en
Inventor
Isao Fujita
Toshiaki Yamaguchi
Tadanobu Fujimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority to JP12561177A priority Critical patent/JPS5459316A/en
Publication of JPS5459316A publication Critical patent/JPS5459316A/en
Publication of JPS624369B2 publication Critical patent/JPS624369B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Landscapes

  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、安定な凍結乾燥日本脳炎ワクチンの
製造法に関する。 不活化日本脳炎ウイルスを有効成分とする液状
ワクチンは、温度の変化に不安定で、とりわけ室
温以上の高温で力価が低下し、しかも凍結保存が
不可能であるため、保存、輸送上大きな問題があ
つた。かかる点から凍結乾燥日本脳炎ワクチンへ
の切換えが提唱されている。しかしながら、不活
化日本脳炎ウイルスワクチン液を通常の条件で凍
結乾燥したものではなお力価の低下が認められ、
そのうえ凍結乾燥製剤の外観ならびに用時の溶解
性に難点があつた。 本発明は、かかる技術的背景のもとに、長期間
安定でしかも外観ならびに用時の溶解性がすぐれ
た凍結乾燥日本脳炎ワクチンを提供するものであ
る。 すなわち、本発明は、不活化日本脳炎ウイルス
ワクチン液をデキストランおよびゼラチンの共存
下に凍結乾燥することを特徴とする安定な凍結乾
燥日本脳炎ワクチンの製造法である。 本発明における不活化日本脳炎ウイルスワクチ
ン液としては、不活化日本脳炎ウイルスを有効成
分とするもので生物学的製剤基準〔厚生省告示
(昭和46年度)第263号〕に合致するもののいずれ
を用いてもよい。 本発明は、上記した不活化日本脳炎ウイルスワ
クチン液をデキストランおよびゼラチンの両者の
共存下に凍結乾燥することにより顕著な安定化効
果を奏するものであり、かかる効果はデキストラ
ン、ゼラチンのいずれか一方のみを用いた場合に
は達成されない。凍結乾燥に付されるワクチン液
全量に対する好ましいデキストラン濃度は約0.1
〜4.0重量/容量パーセントとりわけ約0.2〜2.0重
量/容量パーセントであり、一方好ましいゼラチ
ン濃度は約0.1〜3.0重量/容量パーセントとりわ
け約0.2〜2.0重量/容量パーセントである。な
お、ゼラチンは、その部分加水分解物たとえばペ
プトン程度の酵素的加水分解物として用いてもよ
く、この場合の好ましい濃度はゼラチンそのもの
と同じである。 デキストランおよびゼラチンは、あらかじめ水
性溶媒(水、生理食塩水、各種緩衝液など)に溶
解したものを、上記濃度になるように不活化日本
脳炎ウイルスワクチン液と混合し、ついで凍結乾
燥に付すのがよい。凍結乾燥処理は、不活化日本
脳炎ウイルスワクチンの凍結乾燥に適しているか
ぎり、任意の条件で行なうことができる。たとえ
ば、バイアルに分注し、−30℃〜−40℃程度で予
備凍結したのち、約20〜60時間真空乾燥するのが
よい。 かくして得られる凍結乾燥日本脳炎ワクチン
は、きわめて安定で長期間室温以上で保存しても
実質的に力価の低下が認められず、そのうえ美麗
な粉末で外観にすぐれており、しかも用時の注射
用蒸留水、生理食塩水などに対する溶解性もすぐ
れている。 以下に本発明の効果を実験例によりさらに具体
的に説明する。 実験例 1 健康なマウス脳内に日本脳炎ウイルス中山予研
株を接種し、発症したマウスから脳を無菌的に採
取し、アルコール・プロタミン法〔国立予防衛生
研究所学友会編「日本のワクチン」改訂2版(昭
和52年1月20日丸善株式会社発行)第81頁参照〕
により精製、不活化して不活化日本脳炎ウイルス
ワクチン原液を得る。この原液につき生物学的製
剤基準(厚生省告示(昭和46年度)第253号)に
基づいて各種試験を行ない適であることを確認し
たのち、1M/100PBS※1)で2倍に希釈し、第1表
記 載の添加剤を希釈原液と等量の1M/100PBS溶液と
し て混合した。0.7mlずつをバイアル(2ml容量)
に分注し、約−30℃〜−40℃で予備凍結したの
ち、真空乾燥器に入れて排気して真空にし、温度
を約30℃まで徐々に上げながら約40時間乾燥す
る。ついでチツソガスを充填したのちバイアルを
封栓する。 ※1)1M/100PBSの組成は下記のとおりである
。 JIS試薬特級 リン酸二ナトリウム 2.507g JIS試薬特級 リン酸一カリウム 0.408g JIS試薬特級 塩化ナトリウム 8.5g 水(全量) 1000ml (滅菌する) PH7.0〜7.2 かくして得られた各凍結乾燥品を約4℃で5年
間保存して力価の安定性を調べた。結果は第1表
に示すとおりであつた。なお、力価はプラーク法
で測定し、AELV(50%Antigenic Extinction
Limiting Value)として4のベキ数で表示した。
また本実験例および後記実験例2で用いたデキス
トランはClinical Dextran(名糖産業株式会
社)、ゼラチンはBacto Gelatin(Difco
Laboratories)である。
The present invention relates to a method for producing a stable lyophilized Japanese encephalitis vaccine. Liquid vaccines containing inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus as an active ingredient are unstable to changes in temperature, especially their titer decreases at high temperatures above room temperature, and furthermore, they cannot be stored frozen, which poses major problems in storage and transportation. It was hot. From this point of view, switching to a freeze-dried Japanese encephalitis vaccine has been proposed. However, when the inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution was freeze-dried under normal conditions, a decrease in titer was still observed.
In addition, there were problems with the appearance of the freeze-dried preparation and its solubility during use. Based on this technical background, the present invention provides a freeze-dried Japanese encephalitis vaccine that is stable for a long period of time and has excellent appearance and solubility during use. That is, the present invention is a method for producing a stable freeze-dried Japanese encephalitis vaccine, which comprises freeze-drying an inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution in the coexistence of dextran and gelatin. As the inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution in the present invention, any vaccine containing inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus as an active ingredient and meeting the biological product standards [Ministry of Health and Welfare Notification (1972) No. 263] may be used. Good too. The present invention achieves a remarkable stabilizing effect by freeze-drying the above-mentioned inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution in the coexistence of both dextran and gelatin. This is not achieved when using . The preferred dextran concentration for the total amount of vaccine solution subjected to freeze-drying is approximately 0.1.
-4.0 percent weight/volume, especially about 0.2-2.0 percent weight/volume, while preferred gelatin concentrations are about 0.1-3.0 percent weight/volume, especially about 0.2-2.0 percent weight/volume. Note that gelatin may be used as a partially hydrolyzed product thereof, such as an enzymatically hydrolyzed product of peptone, and the preferred concentration in this case is the same as that of gelatin itself. Dextran and gelatin are dissolved in an aqueous solvent (water, physiological saline, various buffers, etc.) in advance, mixed with the inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution to the above concentration, and then subjected to freeze-drying. good. The freeze-drying treatment can be carried out under any conditions as long as they are suitable for freeze-drying the inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine. For example, it is preferable to dispense it into vials, pre-freeze it at about -30°C to -40°C, and then vacuum dry it for about 20 to 60 hours. The freeze-dried Japanese encephalitis vaccine obtained in this way is extremely stable, showing virtually no decrease in titer even when stored above room temperature for a long period of time, is a beautiful powder with excellent appearance, and is easy to inject at the time of use. It also has excellent solubility in distilled water, physiological saline, etc. The effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail below using experimental examples. Experimental Example 1 The Japanese encephalitis virus Nakayama Yoken strain was inoculated into the brains of healthy mice, and the brains were aseptically collected from mice with symptoms, using the alcohol-protamine method [revised edition of "Japanese Vaccines" edited by the National Institute of Preventive Health Alumni Association]. 2nd edition (published by Maruzen Co., Ltd. on January 20, 1975), see page 81]
The vaccine is purified and inactivated to obtain an inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine stock solution. This stock solution was subjected to various tests based on the standards for biological products (Notification No. 253 of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (FY 1972)), and after confirming its suitability, it was diluted twice with 1M/100PBS* 1) and The additives listed in Table 1 were mixed as a 1M/100 PBS solution in an equal volume with the diluted stock solution. 0.7ml each vial (2ml capacity)
After pre-freezing at approximately -30°C to -40°C, place in a vacuum dryer to create a vacuum and dry for approximately 40 hours while gradually raising the temperature to approximately 30°C. The vial is then capped after being filled with Tituso gas. *1) The composition of 1M/100PBS is as follows. JIS Reagent Special Grade Disodium Phosphate 2.507g JIS Reagent Special Grade Monopotassium Phosphate 0.408g JIS Reagent Special Grade Sodium Chloride 8.5g Water (Total Volume) 1000ml (Sterilize) PH7.0~7.2 Each freeze-dried product obtained in this way is It was stored at ℃ for 5 years and the stability of the titer was examined. The results were as shown in Table 1. The titer was measured by the plaque method, and the titer was determined by AELV (50% Antigenic Extinction).
Limiting Value) is expressed as a power of 4.
In addition, the dextran used in this experiment example and experiment example 2 below was Clinical Dextran (Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and the gelatin was Bacto Gelatin (Difco
Laboratories).

【表】【table】

【表】 実験例 2 実験例1において得た不活化日本脳炎ウイルス
ワクチン原液を1M/100PBSで2倍に希釈し、第2
表 記載の添加剤を希釈原液と等量の1M/100PBS溶液
と して混合したのち、実験例1と同一条件下に凍結
乾燥した。各凍結乾燥品につき、37℃における力
価の安定性、外観、およびこれに注射用蒸留水を
1.0ml/バイアル添加した場合の溶液の状態を調
べた。結果は第2表に示すとおりであつた。
[Table] Experimental example 2 The inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine stock solution obtained in Experimental example 1 was diluted 2 times with 1M/100PBS,
The additives listed in the table were mixed as a 1M/100 PBS solution in the same volume as the diluted stock solution, and then freeze-dried under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 1. For each lyophilized product, the stability of the titer at 37℃, the appearance, and the addition of distilled water for injection.
The state of the solution when 1.0 ml/vial was added was investigated. The results were as shown in Table 2.

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 不活化日本脳炎ウイルスワクチン液をデキス
トランおよびゼラチンの共存下に凍結乾燥するこ
とを特徴とする安定な凍結乾燥日本脳炎ワクチン
の製造法。
1. A method for producing a stable freeze-dried Japanese encephalitis vaccine, which comprises freeze-drying an inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine solution in the coexistence of dextran and gelatin.
JP12561177A 1977-10-18 1977-10-18 Preparation of stable, freeze-dried vaccine for japanese encephalitis Granted JPS5459316A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12561177A JPS5459316A (en) 1977-10-18 1977-10-18 Preparation of stable, freeze-dried vaccine for japanese encephalitis

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12561177A JPS5459316A (en) 1977-10-18 1977-10-18 Preparation of stable, freeze-dried vaccine for japanese encephalitis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5459316A JPS5459316A (en) 1979-05-12
JPS624369B2 true JPS624369B2 (en) 1987-01-30

Family

ID=14914375

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12561177A Granted JPS5459316A (en) 1977-10-18 1977-10-18 Preparation of stable, freeze-dried vaccine for japanese encephalitis

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5459316A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01167280U (en) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-24

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW201043267A (en) * 2009-03-19 2010-12-16 Intervet Int Bv In situ constituting a vaccine for administration to a predetermined herd of animals

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4868732A (en) * 1971-12-21 1973-09-19

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01167280U (en) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-24

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5459316A (en) 1979-05-12

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