JPS6244227B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6244227B2 JPS6244227B2 JP53132919A JP13291978A JPS6244227B2 JP S6244227 B2 JPS6244227 B2 JP S6244227B2 JP 53132919 A JP53132919 A JP 53132919A JP 13291978 A JP13291978 A JP 13291978A JP S6244227 B2 JPS6244227 B2 JP S6244227B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transmission
- transmitted
- repetition frequency
- circuit
- pulse train
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/2813—Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、電子走査アレイ・レーダにおい
て、遠距離探知モードと近距離のクラツタ仰圧を
目的とした近距離探知モードを時分割で組合わせ
たレーダ装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a radar device in which a long-range detection mode and a short-range detection mode for the purpose of elevating clutter in a short distance are combined in a time-sharing manner in an electronically scanned array radar. .
電子走査アレイ・レーダの代表例としては、位
相走査アレイ・レーダ、周波数走査アレイ・レー
ダ、位相・周波数複合アレイ・レーダ等を挙げる
ことができるが、ここでは第１図に示す構成を有
し、第２図、第３図に示すビーム走査を行なう従
来の位相走査アレイ・レーダ装置を例にとり、以
下説明を行なう。 Typical examples of electronically scanned array radar include phase scanned array radar, frequency scanned array radar, phase and frequency composite array radar, etc. Here, the electronically scanned array radar has the configuration shown in FIG. The following explanation will be given by taking as an example a conventional phase scanning array radar device that performs beam scanning as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
基準信号発生回路７で発生した第１中間周波数
信号と第１局部発振信号は、送信機６で周波数混
合され送信信号となつて送受切換器８を経由して
分配回路３でｎ分配され、移相器２において所定
の位相量を与えられ、一次放射器１から空間に放
射される。 The first intermediate frequency signal and the first local oscillation signal generated in the reference signal generation circuit 7 are frequency-mixed in the transmitter 6 to become a transmission signal, which is then divided into n in the distribution circuit 3 via the transmission/reception switch 8 and transferred. A predetermined amount of phase is applied to the phase shifter 2, and the light is radiated into space from the primary radiator 1.
上に述べた移相器２の移相設定量は、基準信号
発生回路７からのビーム走査角度指令及びタイミ
ング信号にもとづき、ビーム制御回路５で各移相
器２に対応して演算され、駆動回路４を経由して
与えられる。 The phase shift setting amount of the phase shifter 2 described above is calculated for each phase shifter 2 in the beam control circuit 5 based on the beam scanning angle command and timing signal from the reference signal generation circuit 7, and is driven. It is given via circuit 4.
このようにして所定の方向へ放射された送信信
号は、目標によつてその１部を反射され、一次放
射器１、移相器２、分配回路３、送受切換器８を
経由して以下に説明する受信機系統へ入力され
る。 A portion of the transmitted signal radiated in a predetermined direction is reflected by the target, and is transmitted to the following via the primary radiator 1, phase shifter 2, distribution circuit 3, and transmission/reception switch 8. It is input to the receiver system to be explained.
まず高周波増幅回路９で低雑音増幅され、第１
混合回路１０で基準信号発生回路７からの第１局
部発振信号と混合されて第１中間周波数信号に変
換された後、第２混合回路１１で同じく基準信号
発生回路７からの第２局部発振信号と混合され第
２中間周波数信号に変換されて中間周波増幅回路
１２を経て移動目標検出回路（遠距離用）１３に
入力される。 First, the high frequency amplifier circuit 9 amplifies the first signal with low noise.
After being mixed with the first local oscillation signal from the reference signal generation circuit 7 in the mixing circuit 10 and converted into a first intermediate frequency signal, the second local oscillation signal also generated from the reference signal generation circuit 7 is mixed in the second mixing circuit 11. The second intermediate frequency signal is mixed with the second intermediate frequency signal, and is inputted to the moving target detection circuit (for long distance) 13 via the intermediate frequency amplification circuit 12.
移動目標検出回路（遠距離用）１３は、一般的
にMTIと称されるもので基準信号発生回路７で
発生する送信パルス繰返周波数に対応して地表
面、ウエザー等からの不要反射波（クラツタ）を
消去するフイルタを形成している。 The moving target detection circuit (for long distance) 13 is generally referred to as MTI, and detects unnecessary reflected waves ( It forms a filter that eliminates clutter.
クラツタを抑圧された受信信号は、信号処理回
路１４、表示回路１５に送られ、目標情報の検
出、表示を行なう。 The received signal with clutter suppressed is sent to a signal processing circuit 14 and a display circuit 15, where target information is detected and displayed.
以上述べたところにおいて、中間周波数は２段
階に限定されるものではなく、１段階又は３段階
等必要に応じて適宜選択されるものである。 As described above, the intermediate frequency is not limited to two stages, but may be appropriately selected from one stage, three stages, etc. as necessary.
以上述べたところにより、所定の方向にアンテ
ナ・ビーム・パターンが形成された訳であるが、
このアンテナ・ビームは、第２図に示すように時
分割により＃１、＃２、…＃ｎとその仰角方向を
順次変化して所要の仰角範囲（最大探知距離
Rmax、最大探知高度Hmax、最大仰角ELmax）
を電子走査するもので、１仰角走査周期内の送信
タイミングとビーム位置の関係は第３図のように
なつている。 As described above, an antenna beam pattern is formed in a predetermined direction.
As shown in Figure 2, this antenna beam sequentially changes its elevation direction to #1, #2,...#n by time division to reach the required elevation angle range (maximum detection distance).
Rmax, maximum detection height Hmax, maximum elevation angle ELmax)
The relationship between the transmission timing and the beam position within one elevation angle scanning period is as shown in Figure 3.
第３図において、横軸は時間であり、効率的な
送信エネルギ配分を行なうために、各送信パルス
は送信尖頭出力を一定とし、パルス幅について
は、当該最大探知距離を満足できるよう仰角に応
じて低仰角では広く、高仰角では狭く変化させて
いる。なお、送受信形式により、パルス幅を一定
とし、送信尖頭出力を仰角に対応させて変化する
方式もあるが、本発明と直接関係ないのでここで
は送信尖頭出力を一定として説明を進める。ま
た、走査方法としては、通常１仰角走査周期内に
おいて低仰角から高仰角に向かつて（＃１）〜
（＃ｎ）ビームを順次形成して行くが（第２図参
照）、高仰角から低仰角へ向かつて走査する方
式、特別なシーケンスで走査する方式等、他に
種々存在する。然しながら、これも又本発明と直
接関係ないのでここでは、前記のように低仰角か
ら高仰角に向かつて順次ビームを形成して行くも
のとして説明を行なう。 In Figure 3, the horizontal axis is time, and in order to efficiently distribute transmission energy, each transmission pulse has a constant transmission peak output, and the pulse width is adjusted to the elevation angle so as to satisfy the maximum detection distance. Accordingly, the angle is widened at low elevation angles and narrowed at high elevation angles. Note that, depending on the transmission/reception format, there is a method in which the pulse width is constant and the transmission peak output changes in accordance with the elevation angle, but since this is not directly related to the present invention, the explanation will proceed here assuming that the transmission peak output is constant. In addition, the scanning method is usually from a low elevation angle to a high elevation angle (#1) to a high elevation angle within one elevation angle scanning cycle.
(#n) The beam is formed sequentially (see FIG. 2), but there are various other methods such as a method of scanning from a high elevation angle to a low elevation angle, a method of scanning in a special sequence, etc. However, since this is also not directly related to the present invention, the explanation will be given here assuming that the beam is formed sequentially from a low elevation angle to a high elevation angle as described above.
（＃１）のビームは、送信周期T1でｍ回送信
し、（＃２）のビームは、送信周期T2でｍ回送信
し、（＃ｉ）のビームは送信周期Tiでｍ回送信し
（＃ｉ＋１）ビームから（＃ｎ）ビームにかけて
はそれぞれ送信周期Ti＋１，…，Tnで各１回送
信することになり、１仰角走査周期＝ｍ（T1＋
T2＋…＋Ti）＋Ti＋１＋…＋Tnとなる。 Beam (#1) is transmitted m times with a transmission period T 1 , beam (#2) is transmitted m times with a transmission period T 2 , and beam (#i) is transmitted m times with a transmission period Ti. From the (#i+1) beam to the (#n) beam, each transmission is transmitted once at a transmission period Ti+1,...,Tn, and one elevation angle scanning period=m(T 1 +
T 2 +...+Ti)+Ti+ 1 +...+Tn.
（＃１）〜（＃ｉ）ビームまでの間送信回数を
各ｍ回としているのは、低仰角領域においてクラ
ツタ受信レベルが高いため、移動目標検出回路
（遠距離用）１３でｍパルス消去MTIフイルタを
形成して、クラツタを抑圧するためである。 (#1) to (#i) The reason why the number of transmissions is set to m times each is because the clutter reception level is high in the low elevation angle region. This is to form a filter and suppress clutter.
又、T1〜Tnは、所要の探知距離を電波が往復
するに必要な時間をそれらの最下限としている。
すなわち、
Ti≧２（Ｒｉ）ｍａｘ／Ｃ；ｉ＝１、２、、…、ｎ
ここに
（Ri）max：（＃ｉ）ビームが探知すべき最大探
知距離
Ｃ：電波伝播速度
ところで、MTIフイルタによるクラツタ抑圧
性能は、送信パルス繰返周波数を高くすればする
程向上するという特性をもつているので従来の電
子走査アレイ・レーダ装置のように送信パルス周
期Tiを最大探知距離Rimaxによつて決まる値以上
としていたレーダ装置（すなわち送信パルス繰返
周波数を任意に上げられない）では移動目標検出
回路（遠距離用）１３のMTIフイルタによるク
ラツタ抑圧性能に限界を生じていた。 Further, T 1 to Tn have their minimum limits as the time required for the radio waves to travel back and forth over the required detection distance.
That is, Ti≧2(Ri)max/C; i=1, 2,...,n where (Ri)max: (#i) Maximum detection distance that the beam should detect C: Radio wave propagation speed By the way, the MTI filter clutter suppression performance improves as the transmission pulse repetition frequency increases. Therefore, as with conventional electronic scanning array radar equipment, the transmission pulse period Ti is determined by the maximum detection distance Rimax. In radar devices that exceed this value (that is, the transmission pulse repetition frequency cannot be increased arbitrarily), there is a limit to the clutter suppression performance of the MTI filter of the moving target detection circuit (for long distance) 13.
この発明は、上記のような従来の欠点を除去す
るためになされたもので、クラツタが主として近
距離に集中していることに着目して、近距離探知
専用の高い送信パルス繰返周波数を有するビーム
を新設し、これに対応して、従来の移動目標検出
回路１３の代りに、新しく遠距離用MTIフイル
タと近距離専用MTIフイルタとを切換可能な移
動目標検出回路を設け、信号処理回路１４におい
て、近距離については、この近距離専用のフイル
タ出力を優先して採用し、処理するレーダ装置を
提供することを目的としている。 This invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology. Focusing on the fact that clutter is mainly concentrated in short distances, this invention has a high transmission pulse repetition frequency dedicated to short-range detection. In response to this, a new moving target detection circuit that can switch between a long-range MTI filter and a short-range exclusive MTI filter is installed in place of the conventional moving target detection circuit 13, and the signal processing circuit 14 It is an object of the present invention to provide a radar device that preferentially adopts and processes the output of a filter exclusively for short distances.
以下、この発明の一実施例を示す第４図により
説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
第４図において第１図と異なる点は移動目標検
出回路（遠距離用）１３の代りに移動目標検出回
路（近距離／遠距離切換）１６を設けたことであ
る。 4 differs from FIG. 1 in that a moving target detection circuit (short distance/long distance switching) 16 is provided in place of the moving target detection circuit (long distance) 13.
第５図は、１例として（＃１）ビームを
（＃１）ビーム（遠距離用）と（＃1S）ビーム
（近距離用）とより構成するようにしたもので、
第６図はこの送信パルス・タイミングを示してい
る。 As an example, FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which the (#1) beam is composed of a (#1) beam (for long distance) and a (#1S) beam (for short distance).
FIG. 6 shows this transmit pulse timing.
この図では、第３図に示すものに近距離専用の
（＃1S）ビームを追加したものである。 In this figure, a (#1S) beam dedicated for short distances has been added to the one shown in Fig. 3.
このビームは、送信パルス繰返周期T1s、送信
回数ｍsとしたものであり、T1s≧２（Ｒｓ）ｍａｘ／Ｃ
；
（Re）max≪（R1）maxにとつている。 This beam has a transmission pulse repetition period T 1 s and a transmission number m s , and T 1 s ≧ 2 (Rs) max/C
; (Re)max≪(R 1 )max.
上で述べたように、新たに追加した近距離専用
の（＃1s）ビームの送信パルス繰返周期はT1sと
なり、このT1sは従来の（＃１）ビームの送信パ
ルス繰返周期T1より大幅に短かく、従つて
（＃1s）ビームの送信パルス繰返周波数（＝
１／Ｔ１ｓ）は、（＃１）ビームの送信パルス繰返周波
数（＝１／Ｔ１）よりも大幅に大となる。 As mentioned above, the transmission pulse repetition period of the newly added short-distance (#1s) beam is T 1 s, and this T 1 s is the transmission pulse repetition period of the conventional (#1) beam. T is significantly shorter than 1 and therefore (#1s) the transmitted pulse repetition frequency of the beam (=
1/T 1 s) is significantly larger than the transmission pulse repetition frequency (=1/T 1 ) of the (#1) beam.
この結果、クラツタ抑圧能力を大幅に向上させ
たｍ1sパルス消去フイルタを移動目標検出回路１
６内に構成することができる。 As a result, the moving target detection circuit 1 is equipped with an m1s pulse cancellation filter that has greatly improved clutter suppression ability.
It can be configured within 6.
以上、位相走査アレイ・レーダ装置を例にとり
説明を行なつたが、周波数走査アレイ・レーダ、
位相・周波数複合アレイ・レーダ等これ以外の電
子走査アレイ・レーダ全般について、本発明を適
用できることは明らかである。 The above explanation has been given using a phase scanning array radar device as an example, but frequency scanning array radar,
It is clear that the present invention can be applied to all electronic scanning arrays and radars other than the above, such as phase/frequency composite arrays and radars.
以上のように、この発明によれば、電子走査ア
レイ・レーダにおいて、所要最大覆域をカバーす
るビームの他に近距離探知専用のビームを備える
と共に受信部には、これに適合する近距離探知専
用の移動目標検出回路を備え、これらのビームを
順次時分割で切換えて探知することにより、近距
離覆域におけるクラツタ抑圧性能を大幅に向上さ
せたレーダ装置を構成できる効果がある。 As described above, according to the present invention, an electronically scanned array radar is provided with a beam dedicated to short-range detection in addition to a beam that covers the required maximum coverage area, and the receiving section is provided with a short-range detection beam that is compatible with this beam. By providing a dedicated moving target detection circuit and sequentially switching and detecting these beams in a time-division manner, it is possible to configure a radar device with significantly improved clutter suppression performance in short-range coverage.
第１図は、従来の電子走査アレイ・レーダの構
成の１例を示す機能系統図、第２図は、第１図の
構成による垂直面内覆域に関するビーム走査を示
す概念図、第３図は、第２図に示すビーム走査を
行なうための送信タイミングの１例を示す図、第
４図は、この発明の構成の１例を示す機能系統
図、第５図は、この発明における垂直面内覆域に
関するビーム走査を示す概念図、第６図は、第５
図に示すビーム走査を行なうための送信タイミン
グの１例を示す図。
１…一次放射器、２…移相器、３…分配回路、
４…移相器駆動回路、５…ビーム制御回路、６…
送信機、７…基準信号発生回路、８…送受切替回
路、１３…移動目標検出回路（遠距離用）、１４
…信号処理回路、１５…表示回路、１６…移動目
標検出回路（近距離／遠距離切替用）なお、図
中、同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を表わす。
FIG. 1 is a functional diagram showing an example of the configuration of a conventional electronically scanned array radar, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing beam scanning regarding vertical in-plane coverage by the configuration of FIG. 1, and FIG. is a diagram showing an example of the transmission timing for performing the beam scanning shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a functional diagram showing an example of the configuration of the present invention, and FIG. A conceptual diagram showing beam scanning regarding the inner covering area, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of transmission timing for performing the beam scanning shown in the figure. 1...Primary radiator, 2...Phase shifter, 3...Distribution circuit,
4... Phase shifter drive circuit, 5... Beam control circuit, 6...
Transmitter, 7... Reference signal generation circuit, 8... Transmission/reception switching circuit, 13... Moving target detection circuit (for long distance), 14
. . . signal processing circuit, 15 . . . display circuit, 16 . . . moving target detection circuit (for short range/long range switching). In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (1)
ビームを電子的に走査する電子走査アレイレーダ
において、アンテナビームの低仰角における各仰
角毎に、低パルス繰返周波数の送信パルス列と高
パルス繰返周波数の送信パルス列とを時系列に切
換えて送信する送信機と、この送信機からの送信
波が目標によつて反射される反射波を受信する受
信機と、この受信機から得られる受信信号のう
ち、上記低パルス繰返周波数の送信パルス列に対
応する受信信号を遠距離用MTIフイルタに切換
え、上記高パルス繰返周波数の送信パルス列に対
応する受信信号を近距離用MTIフイルタに切換
える移動目標検出回路とを備えたレーダ装置。1. In an electronically scanned array radar that electronically scans an antenna beam over a range from low elevation angles to high elevation angles, for each elevation angle at low elevation angles of the antenna beam, a transmission pulse train with a low pulse repetition frequency and a transmission pulse train with a high pulse repetition frequency are transmitted. A transmitter that switches and transmits a transmission pulse train in time series, a receiver that receives a reflected wave from which the transmitted wave from this transmitter is reflected by a target, and a received signal obtained from this receiver, a moving target detection circuit that switches a received signal corresponding to the transmitted pulse train of the low pulse repetition frequency to a long-distance MTI filter, and switches a received signal corresponding to the transmitted pulse train of the high pulse repetition frequency to a short-distance MTI filter; A radar device equipped with
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13291978A JPS5559356A (en) | 1978-10-27 | 1978-10-27 | Radar device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13291978A JPS5559356A (en) | 1978-10-27 | 1978-10-27 | Radar device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5559356A JPS5559356A (en) | 1980-05-02 |
| JPS6244227B2 true JPS6244227B2 (en) | 1987-09-18 |
Family
ID=15092571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13291978A Granted JPS5559356A (en) | 1978-10-27 | 1978-10-27 | Radar device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5559356A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2601837B2 (en) * | 1987-09-14 | 1997-04-16 | 株式会社東芝 | Radar equipment |
| JP2008286696A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radar equipment |
-
1978
- 1978-10-27 JP JP13291978A patent/JPS5559356A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5559356A (en) | 1980-05-02 |
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