JPS624493B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure and a method for constructing the same, and more specifically, to an impermeable heat insulating board with low moisture permeability and an open-cell type moisture permeable By skillfully combining foamed plastic materials and taking advantage of the characteristics of both materials, we have created a new structure for insulation walls that never exhibits condensation or freezing, even in cold regions where there is an extremely large difference between outside and indoor temperatures. The present invention relates to a new method by which such insulating walls can be effectively constructed.

[Prior art and technical issues to be solved]

Regarding insulation walls in concrete buildings,
A moisture permeable insulation material (e.g.
There are two types in which a moisture-impermeable heat insulating material (e.g., polystyrene foam board, urethane foam board) is installed between the wall structure and the wall board. This is the most widely used method.

However, in such conventional heat insulating walls, dew condensation tends to form at the boundary between the wall body and the heat insulating member, and this problem is especially serious in cold regions where there is a large temperature difference between the outside temperature and the indoor temperature.

First, if we look at the former type of insulating wall using a moisture-permeable insulation material, when the room is heated in winter and the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the indoor temperature becomes large, the indoor moisture permeates through the moisture-permeable insulation material. A vicious cycle in which condensation occurs on the surface of a wall that has been cooled by outside air, moistens the insulation material (rock wool, glass wool), dramatically reduces its insulation properties, and this in turn promotes condensation. create the cause of in this case,
In cold regions where the internal temperature of wall structures drops below 0°C, freezing occurs, which gradually enlarges and melts all at once in early spring, contaminating the wall surface. Therefore, as a means to prevent such adverse effects, attempts have been made to apply a moisture-proof coating such as a polyethylene film to the indoor surface of the moisture-permeable heat insulating member. However, it is impossible to carry out construction work at a construction site without causing any damage to the moisture-proof coating, or to apply a moisture-proof coating so as to completely block moisture permeation through the insulation material. However, if there are imperfections in the moisture-proof coating, moisture will concentrate and flow into those areas (this phenomenon is called "wet flow"), not only causing the same problems as above, but also causing moisture to be absorbed into the insulation material. Since moisture had no place to escape, the deterioration of the insulation effect was even more pronounced.

On the other hand, when looking at the latter type of insulated walls using moisture-impermeable insulation boards, even if the temperature difference between the outside temperature and the indoor temperature increases due to heating, moisture permeates through the insulation materials and migrates to the wall structure. It may seem like there's nothing to do. However, in reality, even when such moisture-impermeable insulation boards are used, voids are formed at the joints (joint parts) of these insulation boards, so that tight moisture flows cannot help but occur there. However, the same problem as when a moisture-proof coating is applied to the moisture-permeable heat insulating board arises.

However, recently, a construction method has become popular in which a layer of open-cell moisture-permeable foamed plastic, such as foamed urea resin, is formed between the concrete wall structure and the concrete wall by an in-situ foaming method. By the way, the thermal conductivity of open-cell foamed plastic is, for example, 0.031 Kcal/mh when the equilibrium water content (weight ratio) is 10%, and 0.045 Kcal/mh even when the water content is 50% in the case of foamed urea resin. There is no slight deterioration at mh℃, and it meets the Rock Wool No. 1 standard (JIS A
9504) can be guaranteed. Therefore, if such an open-cell foamed plastic layer is formed seamlessly and without gaps between the wall frame and the wall board, a good heat insulating wall can be obtained.

However, in extremely cold regions where the outside temperature can drop to below -20°C, even the inside of the foamed plastic layer can reach 0°C.
A phenomenon occurs in which a portion descends below and the water content freezes there. By the way, a drawback of open-cell foamed plastic insulation members such as foamed urea resin is that when water is repeatedly frozen and thawed within the foamed layer, the foamed plastic layer itself tends to shrink and cracks occur. And once a crack occurs, a problematic moisture flow occurs there, causing the same result as a conventional insulated wall, and in extremely cold regions, such an insulated wall is not very durable. That said, there was a need for improvement.

The present invention was developed with the aim of suppressing dew condensation and freezing phenomena in insulated walls, and the key to solving this problem is to attach a moisture-impermeable heat insulating board to the side of the concrete wall where the freezing point is likely to be located. At the same time, an open-cell foamed plastic layer is fully bonded and integrated between the wall board and the front moisture-impermeable heat insulating board, thereby allowing the characteristics of both heat insulating materials to work in a mutually complementary manner.

[Means adopted to solve the problem]

The means adopted by the present inventor to solve the above technical problem will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, the present invention provides a heat insulating member C portion of a conventional well-known heat insulating wall in which a heat insulating member C is installed between a concrete wall body A and wall plates B, B, etc. (a) on a side A of the concrete wall body; The attached moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1...... with low moisture permeability; (b) Joint portion 1 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1......
1, 11...... and wall boards B, B...
... and the same moisture-impermeable heat insulating board 1, 1
By employing structural improvement measures such as an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 integrally bonded to...
We were able to create an insulated wall with an anti-condensation structure that exhibits ideal characteristics even in extremely cold regions, and at the same time,
A rational construction method for an insulating wall with such a structure to prevent condensation has also been completed.

[Example/Construction example]

Hereinafter, the structure of the present invention will be explained in more detail based on embodiments and construction examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1, 5, 9, and 10 are
The following is an example of a heat insulating wall constructed by applying the present invention, in which "moisture impermeable heat insulating board 1 with low moisture permeability" is made into a plate shape by mixing a foamed polystyrene board and a waterproofing agent. Organic/inorganic heat insulating boards that do not allow moisture to pass through, such as molded water-resistant rock wool boards and asphalt rock wool boards, are selected as appropriate. An open-cell type material that does not deteriorate its insulation properties even when the thermal insulation is increased shall be used.

Further, to comment on the illustrated embodiment, the reference numeral 3 in the figure is an adjustment bolt type fixture for supporting and fixing the wall plates B, B, etc. flush with the wall body A, and 4 is a foamed plastic fixture. The net member 5 which is in surface contact with and supports the layer 2 is a lattice member for supporting and fixing the wall plates B, B, etc. or the net member 4 to the wall frame A. Adjustment bolt type fixture 3
is composed of a pedestal nut part 31 fixed to the wall frame A side, and a bolt part 32 with a flat fixing surface F that is screwed into the nut part 31.
The level of the fixed surface F can be adjusted by rotating 2. This fixture 3
Since the wall board B is usually fixed to the fixing surface F by nailing, those made of hard or semi-hard plastic are usually used. In the illustrated example, the pedestal nut portion 31 of the fixing device 3 is fixed to the wall A surface with an adhesive, but it is also possible to fix it with concrete nails. It can also be fixed by anchoring in concrete.

The net member 4 is provided when necessary depending on the construction method for constructing the heat insulating wall of the present invention, and usually cheesecloth is used.

The insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure of this embodiment is generally as described above, and the method of constructing such a dew condensation prevention structure insulating wall will be described below.

First, the heat insulating wall shown in FIG.
In addition to pasting 1...... on the A side of the same wall, adjuster bolt type fixings 3, 3... are installed at the required intervals so as to penetrate the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1...... After planting (see Figures 2 and 3), adjust the fixing surfaces F of these fixtures 3, 3 so that they are flush with each other, and then install the wall plates B, B from above. …… pasted and pasted wall boards B, B
Properly provide holes 6, 6...... in ...... (see Figure 4), and inject and fill open-cell plastic foam liquid into the space D from the holes 6, 6...... , an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is provided in the joint portions 11, 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board and in the space D.
(5th
(See Figure 6).

When attaching the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1...... to the A side of the concrete wall structure, they may be attached using an adhesive, or the insulating plates 1, 1... may be attached at the time of concrete pouring. You can type ... at the same time. In this case, if the adjusting bolt type fixtures 3 are installed in advance at the required positions of each moisture-impermeable heat insulating board 1, then the heat insulating boards 1, 1...... can be attached and the fixtures 3, 3... The arrangement of ... can be done at the same time. If attaching the heat insulating plates 1, 1... and installing the fixture 3 are done separately, it is optional to do either work first, but in this case, attaching the fixing fixture to the heat insulating board 1 is optional. Drilling work is required at the construction site to drill a hole through which No. 3 is to be passed. When installing the fixture 3 on the wall body A, it is of course possible to use methods such as fixing with adhesive, fixing with concrete nails, and anchoring during concrete pouring.

The level adjustment of the fixture 3 can be performed by turning the bolt portion 32 in the illustrated example. In this case, the gap between the fixing surface F of the bolt part 32 and the surface level of the heat insulating plates 1, 1, etc. is set appropriately in consideration of the thickness of the foamed plastic layer 2 to be formed thereon. shall be taken as a thing. In this way, the wall plates B, B, etc. are attached to the fixing surface F of each fixing device 3 whose level has been adjusted to be flush with each other by means of nailing, and the plastic foam remover is applied to these wall plates B. Pores 6, 6 for injection are opened as appropriate. However, if the wall plate B in which the holes 6 are previously provided is used, such drilling work is not necessary.

When the installation of the wall plates B, B...... is completed, a hole 6 in the wall plate B is inserted into the space D formed between the heat insulating plates 1, 1... and the wall plates B, B. Open-cell plastic foam solution will be injected and filled. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is uniformly and seamlessly formed in the joints 11, 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board and in the space D. It is. Incidentally, when the injection work of the plastic foam solution is completed, caulking 7 is applied to the gap 6 as appropriate.

Next, regarding the method of constructing the heat insulating wall shown in FIG. 9, we will attach moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1, etc. with low moisture permeability to the A side of the concrete wall frame, and also attach the walls to the A side of the wall frame. After installing the adjusting bolt type fixing devices 3, 3... at the required intervals so as to penetrate the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1... (see Figures 2 and 3). : This process is the same as in the case of the above method), these fixtures 3, 3...
Adjust the level of the fixing surface F of .
The net member 4 is laid under tension so as to cover the (7th
), this net member 4 and the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1...
The open-cell plastic foam solution is injected and filled into the space D formed between the mesh member 4 and the joint portion 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board. 11...... and an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is formed in the space D (see Fig. 8), and a wall plate B is further applied from above this foamed plastic layer 2 to the fixtures 3, 3...... , B... (Fig. 9).

Therefore, regarding the fixing of the impermeable heat insulating board 1 and the adjustable bolt-type fixture 3 to the concrete wall frame A in this method, and the level adjustment of the fixing surface F of the fixture 3, the insulating wall construction method shown in Fig. 5 will be explained. It is possible to adopt a method similar to the above method.

In order to lay the net member F in a tensioned state on the fixing surface F of each fixing device 3 whose level has been adjusted, it may be tacked, or it may be fixed on it using a lattice member 5 as described later. Good too.

When the installation of the net member 4 is completed, the space D formed between the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1...
Next, the plastic foam solution is injected through the mesh of the mesh member 4 to fill it. In this case, the mesh member 4 is usually made of cheesecloth of about 18 to 25 meshes, so if the plastic foam solution is injected from the injection nozzle E in the vicinity of the mesh member 4, the foam solution will be easily removed. It passes through the mesh and is poured into the space D, and the joints 11, 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board and the space D are filled with the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2. . Once the foamed plastic layer 2 has been formed, the wall plates B, B, . . . can be fixed to the fixtures 3, 3, .

In this way, the heat insulating wall shown in FIG. 9 is constructed, but this construction method can also be modified as shown in FIG. 10.

That is, the heat insulating wall shown in FIG. 10 uses the lattice member 5 as an auxiliary means when fixing the net member 4 and the wall plates B, B, . . . on the fixtures 3, 3, . . . . This rod member 5 has a holding plate 5 in the central longitudinal direction.
A concave groove 51 is provided for fitting the fixing members 5, 5, etc. into the fixing surfaces F, F, etc. of these fixing tools by a method such as nailing. The net member 4 is spread out on top. In this case, both sides of the net member 4 are fixed to the concave grooves 51 of the cross member by means of restraining plates 52, and then the corresponding portions of the net member 4 corresponding to the position of the inner cross member 5 are fixed by means of the restraining plates 52. If the net member 4 is fixed in the concave groove 51 of the cross member, the net member 4 will be tensioned to an ideal state. The wall plates B, B...... are attached after the plastic foam solution is injected through the mesh of the net member 4 to form the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2.
5. Do this by nailing or other means.

The embodiments of the present invention and the construction examples thereof are generally as described above, but the present invention is by no means limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. It goes without saying that, for example, the materials for the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board, the open-cell foamed plastic layer, and other members can be appropriately modified in design in accordance with specific requirements.

[Effects of the present invention]

As illustrated and explained above, the insulating wall created by applying the present invention has a moisture-impermeable heat insulating board placed on the concrete wall frame side, and an open-cell foamed plastic layer seamlessly and uniformly placed on the wall board side. formed into
In addition, the joints of the moisture-impermeable insulation board are filled with foamed plastic, so even in cold regions where there is a huge difference in temperature between the outside and indoor temperatures, moisture is blocked by the moisture-impermeable insulation board and transferred to the wall structure. There is no migration, and due to the uniform foamed plastic layer, no moisture flow occurs as in the prior art, and no condensation or freezing phenomena occur. In addition, the open-cell foamed plastic layer in this insulation wall hardly loses its insulation properties even when the moisture content increases considerably, and since it is used in combination with a moisture-impermeable insulation board, the properties of both materials complement each other. As a result, no freezing occurs within the foamed plastic layer, and therefore no cracks will form which would reduce its anti-condensation properties.

Next, regarding the method of the present invention, according to this method, it is possible to efficiently construct an insulating wall with a dew prevention structure that has a surprisingly flush wall surface, and the parts and materials used for this can be simplified and standardized. Since it is easy to carry out, it is possible to reduce costs through mass production, which is economically advantageous.Furthermore, the work itself does not require the advanced woodworking techniques used in the past, so it is possible to secure the number of workers today, when there is a shortage of skilled craftsmen. It is extremely advantageous.

As described above, the present invention provides many advantages that cannot be expected from conventional wall insulation techniques, and its industrial utility value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial slope view of a heat insulating wall constructed by applying the present invention, Figures 2 to 5 are process explanatory diagrams showing examples of the method of the present invention for each step, and Figure 6 is Figure 5. Figures 7 to 9 are process explanatory diagrams showing each step of another construction example of the present invention, and Figure 10 is a partially cutaway front view showing still another construction example of the present invention. It is. 1... Moisture-impermeable heat insulation board, 11... Joint area, 2...
...open-cell foamed plastic layer, 3...adjusting bolt type fixing device, 4...net member, 5...branch member, 51...concave groove (of the bar member), 52...pressing plate. A... Concrete wall frame, B... Wall board, C
...Insulation member, D...Space part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a heat insulating wall in which a heat insulating member C is installed between a concrete wall frame A and wall plates B, B... An insulated wall with an anti-condensation structure. (a) Moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1 with low moisture permeability attached to side A of the concrete wall structure; (b) Joint portion 1 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1......
1, 11...... and wall plates B, B...
. . . and the same moisture-impermeable heat insulating board 1,
An open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is integrally bonded to 1. 2 Wall plates B, B...... are concrete wall frame A
A heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure according to claim 1, which is fixed flush with level-adjustable adjusting bolt type fixtures 3, 3 disposed on the surface. 3. Condensation prevention according to claim 2, in which the wall plates B, B...... are fixed flush to the adjusting bolt type fixtures 3, 3...... via the crosspiece member 5. Structural insulation walls. 4. According to claim 2 or 3, the adjustment bolt type fixing devices 3, 3... are fixed to surface A of the concrete wall structure with an adhesive,
Insulated wall with anti-condensation structure. 5 Adjustment bolt type fixing device 3, 3......
An insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure according to claim 2 or 3, which is embedded in a concrete wall frame A. 6 Wall plates B, B...... and moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1
......and open-cell foamed plastic layer 2
A net member 4 is installed between the heat insulating members C, and the foamed plastic layer 2 is placed between the mesh members C.
Claims 1 to 5 which are joined face-to-face
An insulated wall with a condensation-preventing structure as described in any one of the paragraphs. 7. According to any one of claims 1 to 6, the moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1... are foamed polystyrene boards, and the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is foamed urea resin. Insulated wall with anti-condensation structure as described. 8. A patent claim in which the moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1... are water-resistant rock wool boards formed into a board shape with a waterproofing agent mixed therein, and the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is made of foamed urea resin. The anti-condensation structure insulating wall according to any one of Ranges 1 to 6. 9 Moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1... with low moisture permeability are pasted on the A side of the concrete wall frame, and the above-mentioned moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1... are attached on the A side of the same wall frame.
Adjustment bolt type fixture 3,
After installing the fixtures 3, 3, and so on at the required intervals, adjust the fixing surfaces F of these fixtures 3, 3, and so on to be flush with each other, and then install the wall plates B, B, and so on from above.
. . . Pasted wall boards B, B . . . have appropriate openings 6, 6 . The joint portion 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board,
11. A method for constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure, characterized by forming an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 in the space D. 10 Attach the moisture-impermeable heat insulating boards 1, 1...... on which the adjusting bolt-type fixing devices 3, 3...... are distributed in the required density to the concrete wall frame A surface, and attach these fixing devices 3, 3... Adjust the level of the fixed surface F of ...... so that it is flush with the wall boards B, B...... from above it, and then paste the wall boards B, B
Properly provide holes 6, 6, etc. in the holes 6, 6, and fill the open-cell plastic foam solution into the space D through the holes, and fill the joints 11 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board. 11. A method for constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure, characterized by forming an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 in the space D. 11 Arrange bolt type fixing devices 3, 3...... at the required positions on surface A of the concrete wall structure to be formed during concrete pouring, and as the concrete hardens, these fixing devices 3, 3...... After fixing to the wall skeleton A side, the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1...... are attached to the wall skeleton A side, and then the fixing surfaces F of the fixing devices 3, 3...... are flush with each other. Adjust the wall plates so that Open-cell plastic foam solution is injected and filled into the space D through the same gap hole, and the joint part 1 of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board is filled.
1, 11... and a method for constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure, which comprises forming an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 in the space D. 12 At the same time, the moisture-impermeable heat insulating walls 1, 1... with low moisture permeability are attached to the A side of the concrete wall frame, and the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1... are attached to the A side of the same wall frame.
After installing the adjusting bolt type fixing devices 3, 3... at the required intervals so as to penetrate through the..., the fixing surfaces F of these fixing devices 3, 3... will be flush with each other. The net member 4 is placed under tension so as to cover the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1... from above, and the net member 4 and the moisture-impermeable heat insulating plates 1, 1... The space D formed between
Then, an open-cell plastic foam solution is injected and filled through the mesh of the mesh member 4 to form the joints 11, 11 and the space D of the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board.
A dew condensation method characterized in that an open-cell foamed plastic layer 2 is formed inside the foamed plastic layer 2, and wall plates B, B...... are attached to the fixing devices 3, 3... Construction method of prevention structure insulation wall. 13 When installing the net member 4 on the level-adjusted adjusting bolt type fixtures 3, 3......, attach the shingle member 5 on the same fixtures 3, 3...... , 5 . . . , in which the net member 4 is installed in a tensioned state. 14 A plate body having a concave groove 51 in the longitudinal direction of the center is used as the rod member 5 to be attached on the adjuster bolt type fixing device 3, 3......
...The net member 4 stretched over the concave groove 51 of each member
14. The method of constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure, as set forth in claim 13, wherein tension is created by fitting the restraining plates 52 in a predetermined order. 15. The method of constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein cheesecloth is used as the net member 4. 16 A foamed polystyrene board is used as the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board 1, and a urea resin foam solution is used as the plastic foam solution to form the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2.Claims 12 to 1
A method for constructing an insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure according to any one of Item 5. 17 As the moisture-impermeable heat insulating board 1, a water-resistant rock wool board formed into a plate shape with a waterproofing agent mixed therein is used, and as a plastic foam solution forming the open-cell foamed plastic layer 2, urea resin foam solution is used. A method for constructing a heat insulating wall with a dew condensation prevention structure according to any one of claims 12 to 15, which uses a liquid.