JPS6246284B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a two-way differential centripetal four-jaw machine that can firmly chuck irregularly shaped workpieces by simultaneously interlocking the four jaws in a single operation. This concerns an interlocking power chuck.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, when machining using a lathe, etc., materials such as rhombuses, rectangles, and other so-called deformed objects,
In particular, when machining workpieces with poor shape accuracy, such as melt-cut materials, forged materials, and cast materials, a four-jaw single chuck must be used.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, when chucking a workpiece using the single chuck, each jaw must be operated individually, which requires a high degree of skill for centering, and it is difficult to use scroll chucks, three-way chucks, or two-way chucks. There was a problem that it took a lot of time compared to the previous method and significantly hindered productivity.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention enables workpieces with irregular shapes, which conventionally required the use of a single chuck, to be tightened in a single operation without requiring any skill, in almost the same time as a three-way or two-way power chuck. It is an object of the present invention to provide a two-way differential centripetal type four-jaw interlocking power chuck that can be chucked and that can improve productivity.
Four jaws are slidably held in two orthogonal two-way jaw grooves formed on the front surface of the chuck body, and the jaws slide centripetally and eccentrically through the jaw grooves to grip the workpiece. In a power chuck, a differential cam drive cam is moved in the linear direction by the axial movement of the drawbar and is rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the linear direction, and a differential cam drive cam that engages at the same time as the differential cam drive cam is opposite to each other. The differential cam drive has a passive slope in the direction, and is driven in opposite directions by linear movement of the differential cam drive cam, and when one drive is restrained, the differential cam drive along the passive slope on the restrained side. A pair of differential cams are provided, one of which is differentially moved by the movement of the cam, and the movement of each of the differential cams is linked to the two opposing jaws in one direction, respectively. do.

[Effect]

In the above configuration, when the drawbar is moved in the axial direction by the external power cylinder, the differential cam drive cam also moves in the axial direction, and the differential cam drive cam is connected to the pair of differential cam drive cams that are simultaneously engaged with the drawbar. The driven slopes of the differential cams are pushed in opposite directions to drive both differential cams in opposite directions. Each differential cam simultaneously slides two opposing jaws in one direction in the centripetal or eccentric direction. When the jyo in either direction comes into contact with the workpiece and sliding is stopped, the drive of the differential cam that drives that jyo is restricted, and the differential cam drive cam It moves diagonally along the passive slope while rotating in a direction perpendicular to the linear direction, differentially drives the other differential cam, drives the jyo in the other direction that works in conjunction with this differential cam, and this jyo hits the workpiece. When abutting, the differential cam drive cam applies an equal driving force to the driven slopes of both differential cams, and applies an equal tightening force to each of the jaws in the two directions. In other words, the four jaws in two orthogonal directions are all interlocked by a single operation, and also move differentially in response to the irregular shape of the workpiece, chucking the workpiece with equal clamping force. become.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on an illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 1 is a folded sectional view of a power chuck according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view in half section, and Figs. 3 to 5 are detailed views of the chuck body.
It has a substantially cylindrical shape, has a differential cam hole 2 bored in the center, and has a cross-shaped cross-shaped groove 3 on its front surface on a perpendicular diameter line. In the figure, 4 is a front cover screwed on the front side, 5 is a back cover screwed on the rear side, and 6 is a bolt hole for a mounting bolt 7.

A total of four master jaws 8, two facing each other for each jaw groove 3 in one direction, are slidably held in the cross-shaped jaw groove 3. As shown in detail in FIGS. 6 to 8, the master jaw 8 has convex engaging portions 8a that engage with concave engaging portions 3a of the jaw groove 3 on both sides, and a top jaw 9, which will be described later, is engaged on the front surface. A wave-shaped groove 8b, a T-nut groove 8c for attaching the top jaw 9, and a transverse passive groove 8d that engages with an eccentric operating protrusion 13a of a jaw drive cam 13, which will be described later, are formed on the rear surface.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 9 to 11, the top jaw 9 has two mounting bolt holes 9a penetrating from the front to the rear, and the rear face has a corrugated groove that engages with the wave groove 8b on the front of the master jaw 8. A groove 9b is carved, a T-nut 10 (Fig. 1) is inserted into the T-nut groove 8c of the master jaw 8, and the wave-shaped groove 9b of the top jaw 9 is engaged with the wave-shaped groove 8b on the front surface of the master jaw 8. The mounting bolt 11 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is inserted into the mounting bolt hole 9a and screwed onto the T-nut 10 to be mounted on the master jaw 8.

Four jaw drive cam holes 1 are drilled on orthogonal diameter lines corresponding to the jaw grooves 3 of the chuck body 1.
A shaft-shaped Joe drive cam 13 is rotatably held at each of the shafts 2 and 2. As shown in detail in FIGS. 12 to 15, the Jyo drive cam 13 has an eccentric actuating protrusion 13a in the axial direction and a passive protrusion 13b in the radial direction.
3 (Figs. 12 and 13) and the other eccentric operating protrusion 13a of the jaw drive cam 13 (Figs. 14 and 15) on the other chuck diameter line, the eccentric phases are shifted by 180 degrees, Eccentric actuating protrusion 1 of the jaw drive cam 13 on one chuck diameter line shown in
3a is engaged with a passive groove 8d of the master jaw 8 on one chuck diameter line, and its passive protrusion 13b is engaged with an operating groove 15 of an outer ring differential cam 15, which will be described later.
c, and the eccentric operating cam 13 of the Jyo drive cam 13 on the other diametrical line shown in FIGS. 14 and 15.
a is the master jaw on the other chuck diameter line 8
The passive protrusion 1 is engaged with the passive groove 8d of the
3b is an operating groove 16c of the inner differential cam 16, which will be described later.
is engaged with. In addition, the passive groove 8d of each master jaw 8 and the eccentric operating protrusion 13 of each jaw drive cam 13
A wear-preventing collar 14 is interposed between each a and a.

A cylindrical outer ring differential cam 15 is rotatably held in the differential cam hole 2 at the center of the chuck body 1.
As shown in detail in FIGS. 16 to 18, the outer ring differential cam 15 has a flange portion 1 at one end of the cylindrical portion 15a.
5b are formed, and a pair of operating grooves 15c are formed at opposing positions on the outer circumference of the flange portion 15a to engage with the radial driven protrusions 13b of the jaw drive cam 13 on one of the chuck diameter lines shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. A pair of passive slopes 15d, which are elongated holes inclined in one direction at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis C, are formed at opposing positions on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 15a.

An inner differential cam 16 having substantially the same shape as the outer differential cam 15 is rotatably fitted into the outer differential cam 15.
As shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the inner differential cam 16 has a flange portion 16b formed at one end of a cylindrical portion 16a, and the other cam shown in FIGS. Radial passive protrusion 13 of the jaw drive cam 13 on the chuck diameter line
a pair of actuation grooves 16c that engage with b, and the cylindrical portion 16.
A pair of passive slopes 16d, which are elongated holes, are formed at opposing positions on the outer periphery of a and are inclined in a direction opposite to the passive slope 15d of the outer ring differential cam 15 with respect to the axis C.

The contact portion between the inner side of the flange portion 15b of the outer ring differential cam 15 and the chuck body 1, the outer ring differential cam 15
Thrust needle bearings 17 are provided at the contact portions between the outside of the flange portion 15b and the inside of the flange portion 16b of the inner differential cam 16, and the contact portion between the outside of the flange portion 16b of the inner differential cam 16 and the inner surface of the back cover 4, respectively. , 18, 19 are interposed to reduce frictional resistance.

In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes an annular differential cam drive cam, the details of which are shown in FIGS. 22 and 23. A pair of annular differential cam drive cams are disposed at opposite positions on the outer periphery of an annular body in which a drawbar hole 20a into which a drawbar 23 (described later) is inserted is formed. An actuating protrusion 20b is formed, and the actuating protrusion 20b is supplied by simultaneously penetrating through each of the passive slopes 15d and 16d formed by the long holes of the outer ring differential cam 15 and the inner ring operating cam 16, which are overlapped with each other. In addition, two wear-preventing collars 21 and 22 are fitted into each actuating protrusion 20b and are in contact with both passive slopes 15d and 16d, respectively.

The drawbar 23 has its front part supported by a boss 4a on the inner surface of the center of the front cover 4, and its rear part passing through the center of the back cover 5, and a draw rod 24 connected to a power cylinder (not shown) at the rear end, to which an annular nut 25 is attached. The operating cam drive cam 20 is fitted into the front part, and the differential cam drive cam 20 is attached to a flange 23a at the front end of the drawbar 23.
and an annular nut 26 screwed into the drawbar 23.
It is rotatable and restricted from moving back and forth.

In the above configuration, when the drawbar 23 is moved in the direction of the axis C by an external power cylinder, the differential cam 20 is also moved in the direction of the axis C.
Since the operating protrusions 20b of the differential cam drive cam 20 have inclinations in opposite directions, the driven slopes 15d and 16d of the outer differential cam 15 and the inner differential cam 16, which overlap each other in a crosswise manner, are aligned simultaneously with the axis C. If the rotation of both differential cams 15 and 16 is not restricted by pushing forward in the direction, that is, if all the top gears 9 are idle, both differential cams 15 and 16 are simultaneously rotated in opposite directions. . The rotation of the outer ring and inner ring differential cams 15 and 16 in mutually opposite directions causes the two Jyo drive cams 13 on one diameter line of the chuck body 1 and the two Jyo drive cams 13 on the other diameter line, respectively. The engagement between the operating grooves 15c and 16c and the passive protrusion 13b causes them to rotate in opposite directions. The rotation of each Jyo drive cam 13 is caused by the engagement between the eccentric operating protrusion 13a of the Jyo drive cam 13 and the passive groove 8d of the master Jyo 8. It is made to slide along the Jyo groove 3 in the centripetal or eccentric direction.

Here, when the top yaw 9 on one or the other diametrical line of the chuck body 1 driven by either the outer ring or the inner ring differential cam 15, 16 comes into contact with the workpiece and its movement is stopped, the top yaw 9 an outer or inner differential cam 15 that drives the
16 rotation is restricted. Then, the operating protrusion 20b of the differential cam drive cam 20 moves to the stopped differential cam 1.
The differential cam drive cam 20 slides on the slope while being guided by the passive slope 15d or 16d of the other differential cam 15 or 16 whose rotation is not restrained. Passive slope 1
Push forward on 5d or 16d and rotate it,
The top gear 9 that is linked to the differential cam 15 or 16 is moved. When the top gear 9 comes into contact with the workpiece, the rotation of the differential cam 15 or 16 is stopped, and the operating protrusion 20b of the differential cam driving cam 20
d and 16d, and the cross-shaped top yaw 9 applies an equal clamping force to the workpiece in the centripetal or eccentric direction. In other words, the top and yaws 9 in two directions on orthogonal straight lines are all interlocked by a single operation, and also move differentially in response to the irregular shape of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be caught with equal clamping force. Become.

Incidentally, the phases of the eccentric operating protrusions of the jaw drive cam 13 shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 are all aligned to the same phase as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Each operating groove 15 of the outer ring and inner ring differential cams 15, 16
By aligning c and 16c in the same phase, interlocking differential centripetal gripping with external tightening in one direction and internal tightening in the other direction becomes possible.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, the present invention is such that four jaws are slidably held in two orthogonal two direction grooves formed on the front surface of a chuck body, and the jaws are slidably moved along the jaw grooves in a centripetal and eccentric manner. In a four-jaw power chuck that moves to grip a workpiece, the differential cam drive cam is moved in the linear direction by the axial movement of the drawbar and is rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the linear direction; It has passive slopes in mutually opposite directions that engage simultaneously with the cam drive cam, and are driven in mutually opposite directions by the linear movement of the differential cam drive cam, and when one drive is restrained, the restrained side A pair of differential cams are provided in which the other is differentially driven by the movement of the differential cam drive cam along the passive slope of Because they are linked to each other, irregularly shaped workpieces that conventionally required the use of a single chuck can be tightened in a single operation without requiring any skill, in almost the same time as a three-way or two-way power chuck. It is possible to check the centering with Furthermore, by arranging the Jyo drive cam system in one direction and the Jyo differential cam system in the other direction in the same phase, the power chuck can be gripped by a differential centripetal grip using external tightening in one direction and internal tightening in the other direction. You can now do things you never thought possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
The figures show an overall view of the power chuck according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a folded sectional view thereof, FIG. 2 is a front view in half section, FIGS. 3 to 5 are detailed views of the chuck body, and FIG. 4 is a front view of a half part of the same, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of its groove, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are detailed views of the master jyo, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the master jyo. Figure 7 is its top view, Figure 8 is its back view, Figures 9 to 11 are detailed views of the top gear, Figure 9 is its side view, Figure 10 is its top view, and Figure 11 is its side view. The figure is a front view, Figures 12 and 13 are detailed views of the one-way Jyo drive cam, Figure 12 is a side view, Figure 13 is a front view, and Figure 14 is a detailed view of the one-way Jyo drive cam.
Figures 15 and 15 are detailed views of the jaw drive cam in the other direction, Figure 14 is its side view, Figure 15 is its front view, and Figures 16 to 18 are detailed views of the outer ring differential cam. Fig. 16 is a rear view, Fig. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 16, Fig. 18 is a developed view of the passive slope, and Figs. 19 to 21 are details of the inner differential cam. In the figures, Fig. 19 is a rear view, Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 19, Fig. 21 is a developed view of the passive slope, and Figs. 22 and 23 are differential cams. FIG. 22 is a detailed view of the drive cam, and FIG. 22 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 23 is a side view thereof. 1...chuck body, 3...jiyo groove, 8...
...Master Jiyo, 9...Toppu Jiyo, 15...
...Outer ring differential cam, 15d...Passive slope, 16...
Inner ring differential cam, 16d... Passive slope, 20... Differential cam drive cam, 23... Drawbar.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Four jaws are slidably held in two orthogonal two-direction jaw grooves formed on the front surface of the chuck body, and the jaws grip the workpiece by sliding centripetally and eccentrically through the jaw grooves. In the pawl power chuck, a differential cam driving cam is moved in the linear direction by the axial movement of the drawbar and is rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the linear direction, and a mutually engaged differential cam driving cam is simultaneously engaged with the differential cam driving cam. The differential cam has passive slopes in opposite directions, and is driven in opposite directions by the linear movement of the differential cam drive cam, and when one drive is restrained, the differential cam moves along the passive slope on the restrained side. A pair of differential cams are provided, one of which is differentially moved by the movement of the drive cam, and the movement of each of the differential cams is linked to the two opposing jaws in one direction, respectively. Two-way differential centripetal 4-jaw interlocking power chuck.