JPS624644B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS624644B2 JPS624644B2 JP1028480A JP1028480A JPS624644B2 JP S624644 B2 JPS624644 B2 JP S624644B2 JP 1028480 A JP1028480 A JP 1028480A JP 1028480 A JP1028480 A JP 1028480A JP S624644 B2 JPS624644 B2 JP S624644B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- axis
- light receiving
- vehicle
- distance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Distances Traversed On The Ground (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Description
本発明は例えば自動車等によりドライブする場
合、出発地点より目的地への方向、距離を測定
し、目的地へ正しく運行されているかどうかを表
示する走行距離検出装置に関するものである。
通常自動車等によりドライブする場合、地図に
より方向と距離を定めて走行する事が多いが、曲
りくねつた道路では必ずしも方向は一定せず、ま
た回り道等の場合、全然異なつた方向に走行して
いてもしばらくは気がつかない事が多い。
本発明はかかる事を防止する目的で最初に方
向、距離（実際は東西軸、南北軸に分解）を設定
しておけば如何なるルートで走行してもその時点
での目的地からの距離と方向が直ちに推定つく走
行装置である。
まず、第１図に於いて、原点（出発点）と目的
地（到着点）を地図上で画き、その距離と方角よ
り東西軸（ｘ軸）と南北軸（ｙ軸）に分解し、ｘ
方向の距離とｙ方向の距離とを明確にしておき、
その距離を例えばx1及びy1としておく。自動車の
走行距離は、スピードと方向の積の時間に対する
積分値、即ち次の式で表される。
Ｘ＝∫ｔ ０ｖt cosθt dt ……(1)
Ｙ＝∫ｔ ０ｖt sinθt dt ……(2)
ただし、Ｘはｘ軸方向のトータル走行距離、Ｙ
はｙ軸方向のトータル走行距離、ｖtは時刻ｔで
のスピードの瞬時値、θtは時刻ｔでのｘ軸に対
する走行角度の瞬時値である。
第(1)式、第(2)式を如何にして走行距離検出装置
に実現するかを第２図により説明する。１１及び
１２は光により電流（抵抗）が変化する受光素子
で、例えばホトトランジスタ、ホトダイオード、
Cd.s等が考えられるが、暗電流が小さく、光量
による電流の変化がリニアであり、ヒステリシス
が小さく、レスポンスの時間が適度のものが望ま
しい。１３はコンデンサであり、リーク電流が小
さく容量の変化が小さいものが良い。尚＋Vccま
たは−Vccは受光素子１１または１２を通してコ
ンデンサ１３を充放電する。このコンデンサの電
圧と可変抵抗１４に設定した電圧によりオペアン
プ１５の出力に電圧１６を取り出すが、その出力
電圧により目標地点からの距離が明確になる。尚
オペアンプ１５の入力インピーダンスは出来るだ
け高い方が良く、入力にMOS FETを使用したも
のが良い。
次に(1)式、(2)式を如何に光電素子１１，１２，
２１，２２にて実現するかを第４図にて述べる。
先ず、発光素子として例えば白熱電球や発光ダイ
オードを用いれば良いが、発光素子の感度曲線と
一致した方が良い。この発光素子と受光素子１１
（或は１２）との間に、瞬間速度ｖtに比例した光
の通過量を得るように変化させる遮蔽板３１を置
き、さらに走行車の東西方向（ｘ軸）に対する角
度θtと同一角度で変化する様に設定した遮蔽物
３２を置く。尚、走行車の東西方向に対する角度
は常に南北方向を指す磁石を用いて、その磁石の
角度を例えば歯車等を用いて遮蔽物３２の東西方
向に対す角度θtを出す様にする。受光素子１１
と遮蔽板３１遮蔽物３２と光との関係は第４図に
示しておくが、光は平行光線が望ましい。受光素
子は例えば長方形にしておき、受光素子の上には
遮蔽板３１を置く。遮蔽板３１はスピードメータ
ーに連動し、スピード０（零）の時は遮蔽板３１
が受光板１１を完全に隠れる様に、またフルスピ
ードの時は受光板１１が完全に露出する様にす
る。
次にその上方に前記受光板１１、遮蔽板３１の
中心軸と直角になる様にして、しかもθtが０゜
（零度）の時は完全に受光板１１の方向に光が行
き、θtが90の時は全く光が受光板１１の方に行
かない様にする。即ち受光板１１の方には車の東
西軸に対する角度の瞬時値のcosθtによる光が透
過する事になり、さらにその時の速度ｖtに応じ
て受光するので、ｖtcosθtに応じた光が受光板
に透過する。
第２図にもどり、受光素子１１の電流が光の量
に応じて電流が流れれば、コンデンサの両端には
∫ｖtcosθtdtに応じた電圧が示され、その電圧と
可変抵抗１４による差の電圧がオペアンプ１５の
出力として出るため、その電圧を読みとれば東西
軸方向に対する目的地への距離が一目で判る。こ
こでは受光素子１１について述べたが、受光素子
１２，２１，２２についても遮蔽板３１について
は全く同じであるが、遮蔽物３２については、下
表に示す角度と透過光の関係を示す様に設定すれ
ば良い。
The present invention relates to a travel distance detection device that measures the direction and distance from a departure point to a destination when driving, for example, in a car, and displays whether or not the vehicle is traveling correctly to the destination. When driving by car, you often set the direction and distance based on a map, but on winding roads, the direction is not necessarily constant, and in the case of detours, etc., you may be driving in a completely different direction. However, it often goes unnoticed for a while. In order to prevent this, the present invention allows you to set the direction and distance (actually broken down into east-west axis and north-south axis) at the beginning, so that no matter what route you take, the distance and direction from the destination at that point will be determined. It is a traveling device that can be easily estimated. First, in Figure 1, draw the origin (starting point) and destination (arrival point) on the map, and then divide the distance and direction into the east-west axis (x-axis) and north-south axis (y-axis),
Make sure to clarify the distance in the direction and the distance in the y direction,
Let the distances be x 1 and y 1 , for example. The travel distance of a car is expressed by the integral value of the product of speed and direction over time, that is, the following equation. X=∫ t 0 v t cosθ t dt ...(1) Y=∫ t 0 v t sinθ t dt ...(2) However, X is the total traveling distance in the x-axis direction, Y
is the total traveling distance in the y-axis direction, v t is the instantaneous value of the speed at time t, and θ t is the instantaneous value of the traveling angle with respect to the x-axis at time t. How to implement equations (1) and (2) in a travel distance detection device will be explained with reference to FIG. 11 and 12 are light-receiving elements whose current (resistance) changes depending on light, such as phototransistors, photodiodes,
Cd.s, etc. are possible, but it is desirable that the dark current is small, the current changes linearly depending on the amount of light, the hysteresis is small, and the response time is appropriate. Reference numeral 13 is a capacitor, which should preferably have a small leakage current and a small change in capacitance. Note that +Vcc or -Vcc charges and discharges the capacitor 13 through the light receiving element 11 or 12. A voltage 16 is taken out from the output of the operational amplifier 15 using the voltage of this capacitor and the voltage set in the variable resistor 14, and the distance from the target point becomes clear from the output voltage. The input impedance of the operational amplifier 15 should be as high as possible, and it is better to use a MOS FET for the input. Next, how can the equations (1) and (2) be used for the photoelectric elements 11, 12,
21 and 22 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, an incandescent light bulb or a light emitting diode may be used as the light emitting element, but it is better to match the sensitivity curve of the light emitting element. This light emitting element and light receiving element 11
(or 12), a shielding plate 31 that changes the amount of light passing through in proportion to the instantaneous velocity v t is placed, and the same angle as the angle θ t with respect to the east-west direction (x-axis) of the vehicle is placed. A shield 32 is placed that is set to change as follows. Incidentally, the angle of the traveling vehicle with respect to the east-west direction is determined by using a magnet that always points in the north-south direction, and the angle of the magnet is set to be an angle θ t with respect to the east-west direction of the shield 32 using, for example, a gear. Light receiving element 11
The relationship between the shielding plate 31, the shielding object 32, and the light is shown in FIG. 4, and the light is preferably parallel rays. The light-receiving element is, for example, rectangular, and a shielding plate 31 is placed above the light-receiving element. The shielding plate 31 is linked to the speedometer, and when the speed is 0 (zero), the shielding plate 31
so that the light receiving plate 11 is completely hidden, and the light receiving plate 11 is completely exposed at full speed. Next, the light receiving plate 11 and the shielding plate 31 are placed above the light receiving plate 11 so that the light is perpendicular to the central axes of the shielding plate 31, and when θ t is 0° (zero degrees), the light goes completely in the direction of the light receiving plate 11, and θ t When is 90, no light is allowed to reach the light receiving plate 11 at all. In other words, the light according to the instantaneous value of the angle cosθ t with respect to the east-west axis of the car is transmitted to the light receiving plate 11, and the light is received according to the velocity v t at that time, so the light according to v t cosθ t is transmitted. is transmitted to the light receiving plate. Returning to Fig. 2, if the current flows through the light-receiving element 11 in accordance with the amount of light, a voltage corresponding to ∫v t cosθ t dt will be shown across the capacitor, and the difference between that voltage and the variable resistor 14 will be Since the voltage difference is output as the output of the operational amplifier 15, by reading that voltage, the distance to the destination in the east-west direction can be determined at a glance. Although the light receiving element 11 has been described here, the shielding plate 31 is exactly the same for the light receiving elements 12, 21, and 22, but regarding the shielding plate 32, the relationship between the angle and transmitted light is shown in the table below. Just set it.
【表】
以上、各部品についての動作、特性を述べた
が、全体の動作を説明すると以下の様になる。
先ず第１図に於いて、出発地点と到着地点とを
測定し、その距離を東西軸（ｘ軸）と南北軸（ｙ
軸）に分解し、第２図及び第３図に示す可変抵抗
１４及び２４の位置を設定する。次に走行に移る
が、第４図に示す遮蔽板３１により速度に換算し
た光の量が、また遮蔽物３２により目的地への角
度に換算した光の量が透過して受光素子１１，２
１に光が当るため、その光の量に応じて受光素子
１１，２１を流れる電流が変化する。即ちVcc→
１１→１３およびVcc→２１→２３の順で電流が
流れ、コンデンサ１３，２３にある時間経過と共
に充電される。尚、この期間は受光素子１２，２
２は全く光が来ないため完全な絶縁物とみなせ
る。もし車が目的より遠ざかる時は受光素子１
２，２２に電流が流れ受光素子１１，２１は電流
が流れなくなるため、コンデンサ１３，２３には
逆方向に充電（いわば放電）されるのでコンデン
サ１３，２３の電圧は減少する。コンデンサ１
３，２３の電圧は初期に設定された可変抵抗１
４，２４と差の電圧がオペアンプ１５に増巾され
て出力に電圧として表示される。尚、表示値が正
の場合は目的地迄の距離が示され、また０（零）
の時はほぼ目的地に到達した事になり負の場合は
行きすぎた距離を表す事になる。素子については
オペアンプ１５の代りにコンパレータを用いた
り、またオペアンプを用いないで直接オペアンプ
１５の入力部の電圧を測定しても良い。またコン
デンサ１３，２３の充電回路にPUTを使用する
と、長時間に互りリークの少ない回路が構成でき
る。
以上述べた様に本発明によれば、地図等により
出発地点と到着地点とを測定し、その距離を東西
軸（ｘ軸）と南北軸（ｙ軸）に分解して設定した
距離と実際に走行した距離が一致しているかどう
かが簡単にわかるため、自動車等でのドライブ時
には間違いなく目的地へ到着出来る様になる。[Table] The operation and characteristics of each component have been described above, but the overall operation is explained as follows. First, in Figure 1, measure the departure point and arrival point, and calculate the distance between the east-west axis (x-axis) and the north-south axis (y-axis).
axis) and set the positions of the variable resistors 14 and 24 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Next, when the vehicle starts traveling, the amount of light converted to speed is transmitted by the shielding plate 31 shown in FIG.
Since light falls on the light receiving elements 11 and 21, the current flowing through the light receiving elements 11 and 21 changes depending on the amount of light. That is, Vcc→
Current flows in the order of 11→13 and Vcc→21→23, and the capacitors 13 and 23 are charged over time. Note that during this period, the light receiving elements 12 and 2
2 can be considered a perfect insulator because no light comes through it. If the car is moving away from the target, use the light receiving element 1.
Since current flows through the light receiving elements 2 and 22 and no current flows through the light receiving elements 11 and 21, the capacitors 13 and 23 are charged (so to speak, discharged) in the opposite direction, so that the voltages of the capacitors 13 and 23 decrease. capacitor 1
The voltages 3 and 23 are the initially set variable resistor 1.
4 and 24 is amplified by the operational amplifier 15 and displayed as a voltage at the output. In addition, if the displayed value is positive, the distance to the destination is shown, and if it is 0 (zero)
When , it means that you have almost reached your destination, and if it is negative, it means that you have traveled too far. As for the element, a comparator may be used in place of the operational amplifier 15, or the voltage at the input section of the operational amplifier 15 may be directly measured without using an operational amplifier. Furthermore, if PUT is used in the charging circuit for the capacitors 13 and 23, a circuit with little mutual leakage can be constructed over a long period of time. As described above, according to the present invention, the departure point and the arrival point are measured using a map, etc., and the distance is divided into the east-west axis (x-axis) and the north-south axis (y-axis). Since you can easily see if the distance traveled matches, you will be able to arrive at your destination without fail when driving by car.
第１図は地図上での走行ルートを例示する走行
図、第２図、第３図は本発明による走行距離の検
出装置を示す回路図、第４図は光と遮蔽物と受光
素子との関係を示す斜視図である。
１１，１２，２１，２２……受光素子、１３，
２３……コンデンサ、１４，２４……可変抵抗、
１５，２５……オペアンプ、１６，２６……電圧
計、３１……遮蔽板、３２……遮蔽物。
FIG. 1 is a travel diagram illustrating a travel route on a map, FIGS. 2 and 3 are circuit diagrams showing a travel distance detection device according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship. 11, 12, 21, 22... light receiving element, 13,
23... Capacitor, 14, 24... Variable resistor,
15, 25... operational amplifier, 16, 26... voltmeter, 31... shielding plate, 32... shielding object.
Claims (1)
正負の直流電源にそれぞれの一端を接続した４個
の受光素子と、走行車の速度にほぼ比例し、その
走行車が走行する地表面の一水平方向に対して前
記走行車がなす角度の正弦値または余弦値にほぼ
比例する受光面を前記受光素子に形成して受光さ
せる遮蔽手段と、前記走行車の起点と終点とに対
応する電位を設定する設定手段と、前記受光素子
を介して充放電される２個のコンデンサと、前記
設定手段により設定された電位と前記コンデンサ
の電位との差分から前記走行車の前記一水平方向
の走行距離および前記一水平方向とほぼ直角な他
の水平方向の走行距離を表示する表示手段とを具
備することを特徴とする走行距離検出装置。1. Four light-receiving elements each having a resistance value that is approximately proportional to the amount of light received and one end of each connected to a predetermined positive and negative DC power source, and a ground surface that is approximately proportional to the speed of the vehicle and on which the vehicle is traveling. shielding means for receiving light by forming a light-receiving surface on the light-receiving element that is approximately proportional to the sine or cosine value of the angle made by the traveling vehicle with respect to one horizontal direction; and a shielding means that corresponds to a starting point and an ending point of the traveling vehicle. a setting means for setting a potential; two capacitors that are charged and discharged via the light receiving element; A mileage detecting device comprising display means for displaying a mileage and a mileage in another horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the one horizontal direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1028480A JPS56107116A (en) | 1980-01-31 | 1980-01-31 | Detecting device for mileage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1028480A JPS56107116A (en) | 1980-01-31 | 1980-01-31 | Detecting device for mileage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56107116A JPS56107116A (en) | 1981-08-25 |
| JPS624644B2 true JPS624644B2 (en) | 1987-01-31 |
Family
ID=11746005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1028480A Granted JPS56107116A (en) | 1980-01-31 | 1980-01-31 | Detecting device for mileage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56107116A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0738133B2 (en) * | 1984-11-20 | 1995-04-26 | 三井造船株式会社 | Trajectory correction device for trackless crane |
-
1980
- 1980-01-31 JP JP1028480A patent/JPS56107116A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56107116A (en) | 1981-08-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3865305A (en) | Programmable distance measuring instrument | |
| Li et al. | A novel smart resistive-capacitive position sensor | |
| CN208207205U (en) | A kind of laser range finder with angle measurement | |
| US3694741A (en) | Coupled inductance impedance measuring circuit with increased sensitivity and frequency independence | |
| US3340763A (en) | Angular measuring device for light beams | |
| JPS624644B2 (en) | ||
| US3775678A (en) | Impedance comparing circuit with ground referenced readout and stray capacitance insensitivity | |
| Li et al. | A novel low-cost noncontact resistive potentiometric sensor for the measurement of low speeds | |
| US3482453A (en) | Electrical analogue deceleration meter | |
| Li et al. | A new method for the measurement of low speed using a multiple-electrode capacitive sensor | |
| JPH0943264A (en) | Acceleration detector | |
| JPS612036A (en) | Side slip tester | |
| SE9103182D0 (en) | VEHICLE DEVICE MAKES EXACT SPEED AND DISTANCE METERS AND ORIENTATION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES | |
| SU984072A1 (en) | Device for determining aerosol ion concentration | |
| SU1180440A1 (en) | Arrangement for determining longitudinal profile of railway track | |
| JPH0526977Y2 (en) | ||
| SU935780A1 (en) | Aspiration ion counter | |
| SU1161460A1 (en) | Optoelectronic position-sensitive transducer | |
| SU977930A1 (en) | Capacitive displacement meter | |
| EP0352587A3 (en) | Electronic weighing device | |
| SU1122899A1 (en) | Method and device for registering radiation by means of photodiode | |
| SU1109677A1 (en) | Method of measuring electric field strength | |
| Lenzhofer et al. | Development of a Compact Wireless Sensor for Electric Field Measurements | |
| SU1645920A1 (en) | Capacitance converter | |
| CS237529B1 (en) | Device for measuring the instantaneous mileage of fuel in a motor vehicle |