JPS6247989B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing synthetic multifilament yarns. An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber yarn suitable for weaving in a water jet loom without glue using synthetic fiber multifilament as warp. Conventionally, when weaving synthetic fiber multifilament in a water jet loom, in order to impart a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness to the threads used for the warp, preparation was traditionally carried out prior to the weaving process. In the process, a so-called sizing agent was applied, followed by after-waxing, etc., to give a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness. This method is still used today because it provides weaving stability, but in parallel to this, it has recently become possible to weave directly using a water jet loom, omitting the sizing, drying, and waxing steps. As an attempt to achieve this, a number of methods have been proposed in which a sizing agent, such as that used in the sizing process, is blended into the spinning oil in order to impart a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness. However, in these methods, scum-like substances are deposited in the parts corresponding to the thread guidance of various rollers and guides in the spinning process, which causes fuzz or thread breakage, especially when the fine denier for textiles, such as 50
It is known that weaving properties of filaments such as denier/24 filament are extremely low. For this reason, further study was carried out, and from the analysis of the characteristics necessary for the warp threads woven by the water jet loom, the friction strength between the threads was increased in order to suppress the generation of fuzz due to friction between the threads as much as possible. In addition, by improving the cohesiveness and suppressing the looseness of the single yarns (single fibers) that make up the fiber threads, we also reduce the friction between the metal and the yarn when wet and improve the lubricity when wet. Attempts to reduce yarn breakage and improve weaving efficiency have been proposed in JP-A-50-101694 and JP-A-51-47198. Moreover, in order to obtain a high degree of convergence, the
As has been known for a long time from No. 1175, it is also well known that a so-called interlacing process, in which single yarns constituting a multifilament are entangled with each other by fluid injection process, is performed in the silk reeling process after spinning. In this way, the main focus of the technology of improving the weavability of sizeless yarn using a water jet loom is to prevent damage to the yarn from the spinning process to the weaving process as much as possible and increase weaving efficiency by using an oil component and yarn cohesiveness. technologies are combined. It goes without saying that, as has been known up until now, a high degree of convergence and appropriate smoothness are necessary to improve the weaving efficiency of water jet looms, but weaving by water jet looms Metal abrasion resistance, especially when wet, is very important in order to improve the properties. Therefore, the present inventors did not aim to prevent single filament fuzz when wet, but rather actively protect the surfaces of reeds and heddles, and applied a protective coating to the metal surfaces of reeds and heddles. Based on the idea of forming oil, we have repeatedly considered strengthening the strength of the oil film, especially in wet conditions. As a result, from the perspective of protecting the surface of fiber yarns, compositions containing large amounts of relatively low molecular weight esters, which have low dynamic friction between the yarn and metal, have generally been effective for a long time. , waxes and silicones have similar effects. However, in actual use, if a large amount of wax is used, not only will scum build up on the drawing rollers or guides, greatly contaminating the thread guide, but also cause water to form on top of it. Even during weaving using etloom, scum often sticks to the reeds, heddles, etc., greatly reducing the weaving efficiency. Furthermore, if a large amount of water-insoluble silicones are added, the dyeability of the resulting yarn will be severely inhibited, and the silicones will re-deposit on the fabric during the dyeing process, which often causes practical problems. In addition, when the main ingredient is something with a relatively low molecular weight, such as an ester of a monobasic acid, it reduces the friction between the fiber and the metal and improves fuzz and yarn tangles caused by single yarn breakage in wet conditions. Although this is a favorable direction, it was found that there is still a limit to the preventive effect with this alone. That is, metal surfaces need to be strongly and actively protected from wear. Furthermore, in general, low molecular weight esters have poor heat resistance and are often difficult to use these days. On the other hand, with the method of increasing the molecular weight of the ester compound in order to improve heat resistance and reduce wear between the fiber and metal, the decrease in friction between the fiber and metal was smaller than expected, and what was more, On the contrary, the wear resistance of metals is on the decline. On the other hand, in recent years, in order to improve production efficiency in fiber manufacturing, higher speed and higher temperature spinning conditions have been adopted.However, from the perspective of process rationalization, synthetic fiber threads are being water jetted without glue. It has been used for weaving using thread weaving, which produces very little scum during the spinning process, and also reduces the abrasion between the metal and the thread when wet, thereby preventing single thread fuzz. A yarn with excellent metal abrasion resistance (prevention of reed abrasion) is desired, which forms a protective film more actively on the metal surface when wet, and a spinning oil agent suitable for this purpose is desired. ing. In view of the current situation, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to obtain a synthetic fiber yarn that causes fewer troubles during the spinning and drawing processes and has excellent metal abrasion resistance even during weaving using a water jet loom. The present invention has been achieved in which the desired objective is achieved by applying a special spinning oil formulation in the process and applying interlace appropriately. That is, the present invention provides a method in which water-insoluble, limited mineral oil, ester leveling agents, waxes, and silicones are used as opposed to conventional spinning oils consisting of known leveling agents, emulsifiers, sizing agents, etc. These are completely different methods. In particular, when applying a spinning oil containing a smoothing agent and/or polyalkylene glycol to a yarn made of synthetic fibers at the stage of undrawn yarn, The copolymerization ratio of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide is 75/25 to 95/5 (weight ratio) and the molecular weight is 2000 to 2000.
15,000 water-insoluble random copolymer is blended in an amount exceeding 50% (by weight), and further contains an alkali metal salt of an alkyl phosphate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component A), an alkyl sulfonate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and /or Alkaline salt of alkyl sulfate compound (component B), modified silicones (component C), and waxes (component D) are A+ as essential components.
A if the sum of B+C+D is 4% or more and 10% or less (weight)
+B>C+D and C+D is at least 4% (by weight)
The method for producing a synthetic fiber multifilament is characterized in that the surface is treated with a spinning oil containing the composition formulated below, and an interlace treatment is performed so that 30 or more filaments per meter are randomly interlaced. The multifilament yarn has excellent glue-free weaving properties in the water jet loom as a warp, and in particular can actively reduce metal abrasion in wet conditions, greatly improving weaving efficiency. In particular, in the present invention, in order to stabilize the weaving properties without glue using the water jet loom and improve the operating rate, it is essential to combine the four components A, B, C, and D.
A surprising synergistic effect has been discovered in which the desired effect cannot be obtained even if any of these is lacking.
This fact is completely unknown until now because it is further promoted in a system with a spinning oil containing more than 50% of a water-insoluble random copolymer with a molecular weight of 2,000 to 15,000 at a ratio of 95/5 (weight ratio). . In other words, it has a completely different mechanism than the previously known ester-based smoothing agents, water-insoluble waxes, and silicones that improve metal abrasion resistance when wet, and protects the thread surface. More specifically, the present invention is intended to actively form a strong anti-wear film on the metal surface. Another important point is that the present invention improves the wear resistance of metal in wet conditions while keeping the blending ratio of each component within the lowest range due to the synergy effect.
Naturally, scum adhesion is extremely rare even in the weaving process, not to mention the silk spinning process, even when weaving without glue and using a water jet loom. Another major feature is that any of the commonly known spinning oils made of smoothing agents, emulsifiers, or polyalkylene glycols can be applied, and the copolymerization ratio of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide limited in the present invention can be applied.
Molecular weight 2000-15000 at 75/25-95/5 (weight ratio)
A water-insoluble random copolymer of
By using A, B, C and D together in more than 50% of the oil, the effects of the present invention can be brought out to the greatest extent. Furthermore, the present inventors applied a specific spinning oil and studied to further improve the weavability using a water jet loom. By manufacturing a synthetic fiber multifilament by performing an interlacing process in which single yarns are randomly interlaced using a fluid jet process as known from Publication No. 37-1175, it is possible to It was found that the effect of preventing metal abrasion in the weaving process was significantly improved, the operating rate during weaving was also improved, and excellent weavability was provided. The limited polyethers used in the present invention are water-insoluble random copolymers with a copolymerization ratio of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide of 75/25 to 95/5 (weight ratio) and a molecular weight of 2,000 to 15,000. , preferably a random copolymer of 80/20 to 90/10. These polyethers are compounds with monovalent, divalent or even polyvalent active hydrogen (e.g. -OH, -COOH, -NH ₂ , -SH
It is obtained by adding ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a random manner to a compound having the following properties using a commonly known method, and hydrophobic ones (water-insoluble) are preferred in the present invention. For example, 50/50 to 20/80 polyethers, which are known as water-soluble polyethers and have a large number of added moles of ethylene oxide, the excellent effects of the present invention are greatly reduced. Also, if the molecular weight is less than 2,000, it is difficult to maintain excellent metal wear resistance, and if it exceeds 15,000, the metal wear resistance itself is good, but the viscosity increases and the friction of the fiber against the metal during drying increases. Otherwise, sticky substances may adhere to the interlacing nozzle, resulting in poor yarn spinning stability. Next, the A, B, C and D components will be explained in detail. Component A is an alkali metal salt of a commonly known alkyl phosphate having a linear or side chain saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms;
For example, it consists of sodium, potassium, lithium, etc. Polyoxyethylene-modified alkyl phosphates, which are usually used as anti-static agents for multifilaments, have a small number of moles, such as 1-mole adducts or 2-mole adducts, which are not effective in terms of metal wear resistance in wet conditions. completely excluded from the invention. For example, if 1 mole of ethylene oxide is added
POE(1) lauryl phosphate type is also 50%
There is a strict restriction that those containing the above are excluded from the present invention. Among the metal salts of alkyl phosphates used in the present invention, unbranched straight-chain alkyl groups are preferred, and lauryl, cetyl, palmityl, myristyl, stearyl, oleyl and the like are preferred. On the other hand, component B used in combination with component A is preferably a commonly known alkyl sulfonate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, but may also be a sulfonate compound having a benzene nucleus in the molecule. In addition, as component B, an alkyl sulfate compound or a known ethylene oxide-modified alkyl sulfate compound in which about 1 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide is added to the alkyl group is used, and its salts include lithium, sodium, or potassium salts. Among these, sodium salts are preferably used. Furthermore, C used in combination with A component and B component
The ingredients used are modified silicones. Examples include phenyl-modified silicones, epoxy-modified silicones, polyoxyalkylene-modified silicones, fatty acid-modified silicones, etc. These modified silicones are usually commercially available emulsified with nonionic activators. be. Furthermore, A, B, C
Various known water-insoluble waxes can be used as component D to be used in combination, such as paraffin wax, oxidized microcrystalline wax,
Examples include natural and synthetic waxes such as carnauba wax, beeswax, and oxidized polyethylene wax, and paraffin waxes with a melting point of 30° C. or higher and 140° C. or lower are particularly preferred. These waxes are also generally available as dispersed in water using an emulsifier based on a nonionic active agent, and are therefore applied as an aqueous emulsion. In order to obtain the desired effect of the present invention by combining these components, A, B, C and D must be used.
Each component is always essential, and even if one component is missing, the effect cannot be fully expressed, and even if the ratio of each component is unbalanced, the metal wear resistance effect in wet conditions can be significantly improved with the minimum amount added. I can't force myself to do anything. Of course, A+B+ is beyond the scope of the present invention.
Even if the sum of C+D exceeds 10%, the effect of resisting metal wear in wet conditions is sufficiently maintained, but when the amount added increases, rolls, guides, and even reeds may be damaged during the spinning process and the weaving process in the water jet room. This is undesirable because it increases problems such as scum adhesion to the healds and healds. What is more important is that alkyl phosphates generally have anion exchange properties, and especially when weaving in a water jet loom, when the water hardness increases, water-insoluble scum obtained by ion exchange properties can be used for reeds and healds. It is also said that it is a direct cause of a decrease in operating efficiency.
Therefore, even if the blended composition used in the present invention has the effect of preventing wear of reeds and healds in wet conditions, it goes without saying that blending in more than the necessary amount should be avoided, and it is preferable to keep the amount to a minimum. do not have. Therefore, in the present invention, the sum of A+B+C+D is usually kept at 4% or more and 10% or less (by weight).
However, when A+B>C+D, the anion component is always greater than the sum of waxes and silicones, and C+D is preferably used at 4% or less. C or D
is normally a water-insoluble component, but it can be dispersed in commonly known spinning oils by dispersing it using an appropriate emulsifier.
Although 4.0% or more can of course be mixed, it is preferable to use 3.0% or less from the viewpoint of scum accumulation during the spinning and weaving processes. In this way, it is possible to exhibit excellent metal abrasion prevention effects in wet conditions without causing scum trouble during yarn spinning and weaving processes. Such a composition for preventing metal abrasion in wet conditions is usually used by being mixed with a known spinning oil, and the known spinning oil is not limited in any way. For example, known spinning oils such as smoothing agents and/or known spinning oils made of polyalkylene glycol copolymer, more specifically mineral oil, octyl-
palmitate, isotridecyl laurate, oleyl oleate, isotridecyl palmitate,
A spinning oil containing an ester compound of a monobasic acid such as isotridecyl stearate as a main component and emulsionized with a commonly known emulsifier and/or Japanese Patent Publication No. 13564/1983, British Patent No. 833450, or US Patent No. 3338830 Polyalkylene glycols, which are well known as oils for false twisting as disclosed in the specification, are spinning oils mainly composed of commonly known polyethers obtained by copolymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. However, by incorporating the composition of the present invention, it is possible to exhibit excellent wet metal wear resistance. The synthetic fibers to which the present invention is applied are synthetic fiber multifilaments made of thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, which are obtained by melt-spinning by conventional methods, and are particularly suitable for polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester fibers. . The method for applying the spinning oil of the present invention to such synthetic fiber multifilament can be applied to the melt-spun undrawn yarn by commonly known roller oiling, spray oiling, etc., and the amount of oil applied is 0.5~ 2.0% (by weight) preferably 0.8-1.5%
(weight). As described above, the present invention provides warp threads that do not impede spinning drawability in the spinning process of synthetic fiber multifilament and also provide particularly excellent weavability even in weaving using a water jet loom without glue. This is what we provide. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, "part" in the examples indicates weight %, and the metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions, the degree of entanglement due to interlacing, and the weavability in the examples were measured and evaluated by the following method. Measurement and evaluation of metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions The initial tension was 10g (standard), the tension was changed to 20g and 30g, the yarn was run at a speed of 10m/min, and the running yarn was soaked in water for 0.6 seconds before it came into contact with the friction body than the metal. After soaking, it was brought into contact with a friction body. We also investigated various materials for the metal friction body. Friction body (1) 5cm diameter chrome plated satin pin
Roughness S Frictional body (2) Stainless steel rod Note that the metal frictional body rotates at 50% per minute in the direction of thread travel.
It is designed to be able to shift and slide up to 300 times. The thread was run for 30 minutes to several hours, and then the wear marks that appeared on the metal surface were graded and evaluated. Ranked from grade 5 (good) to grade 1 (bad). Measurement of the degree of entanglement between single yarns Apply a load (unit: g) of 1/10 of the denier to the lower end of a 100 cm long yarn, divide the total single yarn into two at 1 cm from the upper end, and insert a thin needle into it. A load corresponding to the average single yarn denier of the multifilament (unit: g) is hung from each end of the needle, the load is dropped at a speed of 2 cm/sec, and the number of times the drop stops is read. The same operation was repeated 20 times and the average degree of confounding was measured. Evaluation of weavability using water jet loom A so-called normal 75 denier/36 yarn produced by warping polyethylene terephthalate yarn (50 denier/24 filaments) as a warp, using a normal spinning oil, and without interlacing.
Plain taffeta weave with filaments as wefts, total number of warps 5000, warp density 100/in, weft density 80/in.
in, loom rotation speed 400r.pm, water jet,
Weaving performance was compared using a loom (Nitsun), and the average operating rate for 20 days of weaving was used. As a standard, we used a pasted material, which has been commonly used up until now, and compared it with a material woven according to the same standard. Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1' to 4' Each oil agent shown in Table 1 was heated to a uniform temperature of 40 to 50°C, poured into warm water at 40 to 50°C with stirring, and diluted with a concentration of 10%. Each emulsion was created and wound at a speed of 1000 m/min using a roller-type oiling method. Each was deposited at a concentration of 1.0%. The undrawn yarn was stretched to 3.1 times using a draw twister at a preheating pin temperature of 90°C and a heat setting of 180°C, and then using an interlacing machine similar to the one described in Figure 3 of Japanese Patent Publication No. 12230/1983. Compressed air was injected to randomly entangle the single yarns with each other at a rate of 35 yarns per meter, and the yarn was then wound to obtain a drawn yarn. Each drawn yarn was evaluated for metal abrasion resistance in wet conditions and weavability in a water jet loom.

[Table] As shown in Table 1, the composition of the hydrophobic polyether and each component A, B, C, and D used in the present invention exhibits excellent metal abrasion resistance and weavability. Recognize. In comparison, the performance of hydrophilic polyethers such as Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is much lower than that of the present invention. Examples 5 to 7, Comparative Examples 5' to 8' The oil compositions shown in Table 2 were applied in the same manner as in Example 1, and evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table-2. The oil components used were as follows. Regarding polyether and other components in Table-2 *1 Propylene oxide/ethylene oxide random copolymer 90/10 (terminal butanol)
MW=4000 *2 Propylene oxide/ethylene oxide random copolymer 20/80 (terminal butanol)
MW=4000 *3 K represents potassium salt, *4 Na represents sodium salt. *5 Commercially available paraffin wax (melting point 127〓)
Uses emulsion *6 Uses organic acid-modified silicone emulsion

[Table] As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the combined use of A, B, C, and D in the polyethers specified in the present invention has superior abrasion properties compared to generally known polyethers. It can be seen that stable weavability can be obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When applying a spinning oil containing a smoothing agent and/or a polyalkylene glycol copolymer to a yarn made of synthetic fibers at the undrawn yarn stage, copolymerization of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide to the active ingredients of the spinning oil. More than 50% (by weight) of a water-insoluble random copolymer with a molecular weight of 2,000 to 15,000 with a ratio of 75/25 to 95/5 (weight ratio) is blended, and an alkali of alkyl phosphates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms is added. Four components are essential: a metal salt (component A), an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfonate and/or alkyl sulfate compound having 12 to 18 carbon atoms (component B), modified silicones (component C), and waxes (component D). The sum of A+B+C+D as a component is 4% or more and 10%
The surface is treated with a spinning oil containing a composition containing at least 4% (by weight) of A+B>C+D, C+D as follows (by weight), and interlaced so that 30 or more entanglements per meter are randomly interlaced. A method for producing a synthetic fiber multifilament characterized by subjecting it to.