JPS625001B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gas-liquid contact device, and particularly to a gas-liquid contact device suitable for processing large amounts of liquid and gas.

Generally speaking, a gas-liquid contact device that makes a liquid to be treated into a film on a perforated plate of a shelf and brings it into gas-liquid contact is as follows:
Low pressure loss, high gas-liquid contact efficiency, and
Because of its simple structure, it has been widely used in various gas-liquid contact operations in the chemical industry, such as distillation, evaporation, and absorption. In addition, recently there has been a strong demand for processing even larger amounts of liquid and gas, and there is an urgent need to develop a gas-liquid contact device that satisfies this demand. However, to deal with this problem, it is not enough to simply increase the size of the gas-liquid contact device;
It is necessary to solve problems such as an increase in the thickness of the liquid film distributed on the porous plate, that is, an increase in the liquid depth, an accompanying increase in operating costs, and a decrease in gas-liquid contact efficiency.

Conventional gas-liquid contact devices with overflow tubes include swirling flow gas-liquid contact devices and multi-pass fractional gas-liquid contact devices.

An example of a conventional swirling flow gas-liquid contact device will be explained with reference to FIG. Note that the swirling flow gas-liquid contact device is available in one-way flow type, two-way flow type, and
There are a four-way flow system, a six-way flow system, etc., but the basic structure and concept are the same, so in this case, the four-way flow system will be described with respect to the number of liquid flow channels on the perforated plate. In Fig. 1, 1a is a swirling flow type shelf;
It is composed of two liquid receiving plates 2a, two overflow pipes 3a, and four perforated plates 4a, and has outlet weirs 5a on both edges of the overflow pipes 3a. The shelf 1a has a cylindrical container 6
and a mandrel 7 provided at its center.
The liquid that has flowed onto the liquid receiving plate 2a from the overflow pipe of the shelf installed above overflows onto the perforated plate 4a, forms a liquid film, and passes through the holes (not shown) in the perforated plate 4a from below. While in gas-liquid contact with the rising gas, it traverses the perforated plate 4a in the direction of the arrow so as to rotate the mandrel 7,
The liquid depth is adjusted by the outlet weir 5a, flows into the overflow pipe 3a, and then flows down to a shelf installed below the overflow pipe 3a.

Normally, the thickness of the liquid film on the perforated plate, i.e., the liquid depth h, is calculated as follows: where Q is the amount of liquid to be treated, b is the total length of the outlet weir, and k is the proportionality constant, h=k(Q/b)〓 is given by Note that the length of the outlet weir represents the length of the ridgeline through which the liquid flows from the perforated plate into the overflow pipe. Here, the total length b of the outlet weir is approximately proportional to the diameter of the cylindrical container of the gas-liquid contact device (hereinafter referred to as the column diameter), and the amount of liquid to be treated Q is approximately proportional to the square of the column diameter, so The liquid depth h tends to increase with the column diameter. Therefore, as the gas-liquid contact device becomes larger, the liquid depth also increases, which increases the pressure loss when gas passes through the liquid film.
There was a problem in that the power consumption of the blower or compressor for supplying gas to the gas-liquid contacting device increased, resulting in increased operating costs. Furthermore, the increase in liquid depth is
There is a so-called weeping phenomenon in which liquid on a perforated plate falls directly onto the perforated plate directly below it through the holes, and a so-called liquid film in which gas from below rises through some holes in the perforated plate. There was also the problem that the gas-liquid contact efficiency was significantly lowered due to partial foaming phenomenon.

Next, an example of a conventional multi-pass fractional gas-liquid contacting apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 107473/1982 will be described with reference to FIG. In Fig. 2, reference numeral 1b indicates a multi-pass fractional distillation type tray, which is provided in the radial direction from the center of the tray and has an outlet weir 5b on both edges, and each gutter 8.
It consists of a moon-shaped overflow pipe 3b connected to the end of the container, a liquid receiving plate 2b, and a perforated plate 4b, and is installed inside the cylindrical container 6. The liquid that has flowed onto the liquid receiving plate 2b from the overflow pipe of the shelf installed above overflows onto the perforated plate 4b, forms a liquid film, and then flows into the perforated plate 4 from below.
The liquid crosses the porous plate 4b in the direction of the arrow while being in gas-liquid contact with the gas rising through the holes, the liquid depth is adjusted at the outlet weir 5b, flows into the gutter 8, and further flows in the radial direction in the gutter 8. The water flows into the overflow pipe 3b, and then flows down to a shelf installed further below the overflow pipe 3b.

In this case, the total length b of the outlet weir becomes longer and the liquid depth can be made shallower. However, if the gas-liquid contact device becomes larger and the amount of liquid to be treated becomes large, the width and depth of the gutter 8 will be increased. Therefore, the area of the perforated plate 4b must be increased by increasing the velocity of the gas rising through the holes in the perforated plate 4b, or by increasing the column diameter of the gas-liquid contacting device. In other words, it is necessary to prevent a decrease in the gas-liquid contact area. but,
Increasing the speed of the gas rising through the holes in the perforated plate 4b increases the pressure loss of the gas, and therefore increases the power consumption of the blower or compressor that supplies the gas to the gas-liquid contact device. There was a problem with increased operating costs. In addition, increasing the column diameter of the gas-liquid contact device will increase the cost of the device, and furthermore, increasing the depth of the gutter 8 will increase the distance between the trays, that is, the gap between the trays. Therefore, the height of the gas-liquid contacting device becomes high, and in this case as well, there is a problem that the cost of the device increases.

The present invention is aimed at solving the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and includes at least two or more overflow pipes provided radially in a radial direction from the center of the shelf; A shelf consisting of a perforated plate divided into a number equal to the number of holes, a liquid receiving plate of at least equal to the number of radials provided along the inner wall of the cylindrical container around the periphery of the shelf, and an overflow of the shelf. A liquid receiving plate provided radially in the radial direction with a number of radials equal to the number of radials of the flow tube, a perforated plate divided by the liquid receiving plate into a number equal to the number of radials, and a periphery of the shelf along the inner wall of the cylindrical container. To provide a gas-liquid contact device characterized in that separate shelves constituted by a number of overflow pipes at least equal to the number of radials provided in a cylindrical container are arranged alternately in the height direction of a cylindrical container. It is something.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. Note that this is an example in which the number of radiations is three, which is the basic number of radiations. In Figures 3 to 7,
1c is a shelf A, which is provided radially from the center of the shelf and has an outlet weir 5c on both edges and has an overflow pipe 3c with a radiation number of 3; Perforated plates 4c divided into equal numbers and twice the number of radials provided along the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6 at the periphery of the shelf, a total of 6 liquids each having an approximately crescent-shaped shape. It is composed of a receiving plate 2c, and has an inlet weir 9a in a part of the liquid receiving plate 2c on the perforated plate 4c side. 1d
is the shelf B, which is provided radially in the radial direction from the center of the shelf, and has a partial inlet weir 9b on both sides, and has a liquid receiving plate 2d with a radiation number of 3; A total of 3 sets of perforated plates 4d divided into equal numbers and 2 sets each with twice the number of radials provided along the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6 at the periphery of the shelf. It is composed of an overflow pipe 3d having a substantially crescent-shaped shape, and has an outlet weir 5d on the side of the perforated plate 4d of the overflow pipe 3d.

Shelf A1c and shelf B1 configured as above
d are arranged alternately in the height direction of the cylindrical container 6 as shown in FIG. 5, and constitute a gas-liquid contact device.
In this case, the lower radial end 11a of the side wall 10a of the overflow pipe 3c of the shelf A1c is
, the liquid receiving plate 2 of the shelf B1d installed below
d, and the side wall 10 excluding the end portion 11a.
Since the lower end of a is notched in advance, in this state, an opening 12a is formed between it and the liquid receiving plate 2d except for the end 11a, and as shown in FIG. Both ends 11b of the lower end of the flow tube 3d side wall 10b are connected to a shelf A1c installed further below.
Since the lower end of the side wall 10b except for both ends 11b is cut out in advance,
In this state, both ends 11b are connected to the liquid receiving plate 2c.
An opening 12b is formed in the area excluding the area.

In the gas-liquid contact device configured as described above, the liquid flowing into the liquid receiving plate 2c of the shelf A1c from the overflow pipe of the shelf B installed above is transferred to the opening 1.
2b, the inflow rate is adjusted at the inlet weir 9a, and the liquid flows onto the perforated plate 4c, forming a liquid film while crossing the perforated plate 4c in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The water is regulated and flows into the overflow pipe 3c. Thereafter, the liquid flows down from the overflow pipe 3c onto the liquid receiving plate 2d of the shelf B1d installed below the shelf A1c, passes through the opening 12a, and the inflow amount is adjusted by the inlet weir 9b. 4d, crosses over the perforated plate 4d in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 while forming a liquid film,
The liquid depth is adjusted by the outlet weir 5d, and the liquid flows into the overflow pipe 3d. After that, the liquid flows from the overflow pipe 3d to the shelf B.
It flows down to the shelf A installed further below 1d, and the above action is repeated. In this case, when the liquid flows from the overflow pipes 3c, 3d onto the perforated plates 4d, 4c, the respective ends 11a, 11b of the lower ends of the side walls 10a, 10b of the overflow pipes 3c, 3d are installed downward. Since the liquid receiving plates 2d and 2c of the shelves are in close contact with each other, the liquid flows through the openings 12a and 1, respectively.
2b and onto the perforated plates 4d and 4c. Therefore, the gas rising from below through the holes on the perforated plates 4d and 4c always comes into contact with the gas on the perforated plates 4d and 4c. Later, it flows into overflow pipes 3d and 3c.

FIG. 8 is a diagram comparing the liquid depth on the perforated plate obtained by applying the present invention with that in the prior art under the same conditions for both column diameter and liquid amount.
FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the ratio of the gas-liquid contact area of the tray according to the present invention to the gas-liquid contact area of the conventional swirl flow type tray and the ratio of the gas-liquid contact area of the conventional multi-pass fractionation type tray. In FIG. 8, shelf A1 according to the present invention
Since the total length of the outlet weirs 5c and 5d of each of the trays A1c and B1d can be longer than that of the conventional swirling flow type tray 1a, the trays A1c and B1d according to the present invention
The liquid depth at B1d is approximately 60% of the liquid depth in the conventional swirl flow type tray 1a, and is several percent shallower than the liquid depth in the conventional multi-pass fractionation type tray 1b. Moreover, in FIG. 9, the shelf A1c according to the present invention,
The gas-liquid contact area of B1d is equally wide as that of the conventional swirl flow type tray 1a, but the gas-liquid contact area of the conventional multi-pass fractionation type tray 1b is larger than that of the conventional swirl flow type tray 1a. On the other hand, it is narrower at about 65%. In this way, the shelves A1c, B1 according to the present invention
d and the gas-liquid contact area of the conventional swirl flow type tray 1a is larger than that of the tray A according to the present invention compared to the area occupied by the gutter 8 of the conventional multi-pass fractionation tray 1b.
This is because the area occupied by the overflow pipe 3c of B1c, the overflow pipe 3d of the shelf B1d, and the overflow pipe 3a of the conventional swirl flow type shelf 1a can be small. As mentioned above,
The gas-liquid contact device according to the present invention has only the advantages of the conventional swirl flow and multi-pass split flow gas-liquid contact devices, and has a shallow liquid depth on the perforated plate and a wide gas-liquid contact area. I can do it.

Note that FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are applied examples in which the number of radiations is 4 and 2, respectively. 1st
Figure 0 shows shelf 1e (corresponding to shelf A1c in Figure 3) of the gas-liquid contact device according to the present invention when the number of radiations is 4.
This is particularly suitable when the amount of liquid to be treated is large and the gas-liquid contact device is large in size. FIG. 11 shows the shelf 1f (corresponding to the shelf A1c in FIG. 3) of the gas-liquid contact device according to the present invention when the number of radiations is 2, and in particular,
This method is suitable when the amount of liquid to be treated is relatively small and the gas-liquid contact device is small.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14. In addition, in Figures 12 to 14,
The same parts as in FIGS. 3 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. The structural differences between shelf A'1g in FIG. 12 and shelf A1c in FIG. 3, and between shelf B'1h in FIG. 13 and shelf B1d in FIG.
1c and the outlet weirs 5c, 5d and inlet weirs 9a, 9b of the shelf B1d have been removed. In this way, the shelf A'1g and the shelf B'1h from which the outlet weirs 5c, 5d and the inlet weirs 9a, 9b have been removed are reassembled into the cylindrical container 6 as shown in FIG. 14 in the same manner as in FIG. Installed alternately in the height direction. Such shelves are
The depth of the liquid on the perforated plate at the outlet portions of the overflow pipes 3c and 3d is deeper than the height of the openings 12a and 12b,
In addition, it is suitable when the column diameter is larger and the liquid depth is maintained at a certain constant depth, and since no outlet weir or inlet weir is provided, the tray structure is simple and manufacturing is easy.

Still other embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 15 to 17.
This will be explained using figures. Note that in FIGS. 15 to 17, parts that are the same as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 are designated by the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof will be omitted. The shelf A″1i in Fig. 15 is
This shelf corresponds to the shelf A1c in FIG. 3. In the shelf A1c, the number of liquid receiving plates 2c provided at the periphery of the shelf along the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6 is twice the number of radials, and the shape is approximately crescent-shaped. On the other hand, when the number of shelves is A″1i, the liquid receiving plate 2 provided at the periphery of the shelf along the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6 is
The number of e is at least equal to the number of radiations, and the shape is partially annular. Then the 16th
The shelf B''1j in the figure corresponds to the shelf B1d in FIG.
The number of pieces d is twice the number of rays, and there are three sets in total, each consisting of two pieces, and the shape is almost crescent moon-shaped, whereas in the shelf B″1j, The number of overflow pipes 3e provided at the periphery of the shelf along the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6 is at least equal to the number of radials, and the shape is partially annular.Liquid receiving plate and overflow By setting the installed number and shape of the pipes as described above, the structure of the shelf becomes simple and manufacturing becomes easier.Next, the shelf B1k in FIG. Figure shelf
The partial annular overflow pipe 3e of B″1j is divided into at least twice the number of radials, and the reinforcing member 13 is inserted from the perforated plate 4d between the divided partial annular overflow pipes 3f.
This reinforcing member 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical container 6, thereby further improving the strength of the perforated plate.

As explained above, the present invention provides at least two or more radial overflow pipes provided radially from the center of the shelf, and a porous hole divided into a number equal to the radial number in the overflow pipe. A shelf configured with a plate and a number of liquid receiving plates at least equal to the number of rays provided along the inner wall of the cylindrical container around the periphery of the shelf;
A liquid receiving plate provided radially in the radial direction with a number of radiations equal to the number of radiations of the overflow pipe of this shelf, a perforated plate divided by the liquid receiving plate into a number equal to the number of radiations, and a perforated plate on the inner wall of the cylindrical container. A perforated plate is constructed by alternately installing in the height direction of the cylindrical container another shelf consisting of a number of overflow pipes at least equal to the number of radials provided on the periphery of the shelf along the cylindrical container. Shallow the upper liquid depth, and
The gas-liquid contact area can be widened, and the operating cost and equipment price of the gas-liquid contact device can be reduced.
It has the effect of suppressing the weeping phenomenon and the partial foaming phenomenon of the liquid film, and obtaining high gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are for explaining an example of a gas-liquid contacting device according to the prior art. FIG. 3 is a plan view of one shelf of the gas-liquid contact device. 3 to 7 illustrate one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view of shelf A, FIG. 4 is a plan view of shelf B, and FIG. FIGS. 6 and 7 are partial vertical cross-sectional views of the shelves A and B installed inside the cylindrical container, and are partial front views showing how the overflow pipes and liquid receiving plates of the shelves are attached. . 8 and 9 illustrate the effects of the gas-liquid contact device according to the present invention in comparison with conventional swirling flow and multi-pass fractional distillation gas-liquid contact devices. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the column diameter and the liquid depth on the porous plate, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the column diameter and the gas-liquid contact area ratio of the gas-liquid contact device. Figure 10,
FIG. 11 explains an applied example of the present invention when the number of radiations is changed. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the shelf when the number of radiations is 4, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shelves in case 2; 12 to 14 are for explaining other embodiments of the present invention, in which FIG. 12 is a plan view of shelf A', FIG. 13 is a plan view of shelf B', and FIG. The figure shows shelf A′,
FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of B′ installed inside a cylindrical container. FIGS. 15 to 17 explain still other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 15 shows shelf shelves.
A'' is a plan view, FIG. 16 is a plan view of shelf B'', and FIG. 17 is a plan view of shelf B. 1a...Swirl flow type tray, 1b...Multi-pass fractionation type tray, 1c...Shelf A, 1d...Shelf B, 1e...Shelf number of 4 radiations, 1f...Shelf number of radiation number 2 Tier, 1g...Shelf A', 1h...Shelf B', 1i...
...shelf A'', 1j...shelf B'', 1k...shelf B
, 2c, 2d, 2e...liquid receiving plate, 3c, 3d,
3e, 3f... Overflow pipe, 4c, 4d... Perforated plate,
5c, 5d... Outlet weir, 6... Cylindrical container, 9
a, 9b... Inlet weir, 12a, 12b... Opening, 13... Reinforcement member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An overflow pipe that collects and flows out the liquid to be treated, a liquid receiving plate that receives the liquid to be treated that flows in from the overflow pipe, and a porous plate that makes the liquid to be treated into a film and brings it into gas-liquid contact with gas. In a gas-liquid contact device comprising a plurality of shelves arranged in the height direction of a cylindrical container, at least two shelves are provided radially from the center in a radial direction.
overflow pipes having a number of rays or more, a perforated plate divided into a number equal to the number of rays by the overflow pipe, and a number of at least equal to the number of rays provided at a peripheral portion along the inner wall of the cylindrical container. A shelf consisting of liquid receiving plates, a liquid receiving plate provided radially from the center in a number equal to the number of radials of the overflow pipes of the shelf, and a liquid receiving plate having a number equal to the number of radials in the liquid receiving plate. A perforated plate divided into a number of holes and another shelf consisting of a number of overflow pipes provided at the periphery along the inner wall of the cylindrical container, the number of which is at least equal to the number of radials, are arranged at the height of the cylindrical container. A gas-liquid contact device characterized in that the devices are installed alternately in the horizontal direction. 2. Bring the radially outer end of the lower end of the side wall of the overflow pipe of the shelf into close contact with the liquid receiving plate of the other shelf installed below, and the lower end of the side wall of the overflow pipe of the shelf excluding this end. to form a notch opening, and both ends of the lower end of the side wall of the overflow pipe of the other shelf are brought into close contact with the liquid receiving plate of the shelf installed further below, and the The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein a cutout opening is formed in the lower end of the side wall of the overflow pipe of another shelf. 3 An outlet weir is provided on both edges of the overflow pipe of the shelf, an inlet weir is provided on a part of the perforated plate side of the liquid receiving plate, and an outlet weir is provided on the perforated plate side of the overflow pipe of the other shelf. Claim 1, in which part of the inlet weir is provided on both sides of the liquid receiving plate.
Gas-liquid contact device described in Section 1. 4. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet weir and the inlet weir are removed from the shelf and the other shelf. 5. The shape of the liquid receiving plate of the shelf is substantially crescent-shaped and partially annular, and the overflow pipe of the other shelf is shaped substantially crescent-shaped and partially annular. The gas-liquid contact device according to scope 1. 6. The gas-liquid contact device according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member protrudes from the outer peripheral edge of the perforated plate, and the reinforcing member is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical container.