JPS6251355B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a shaft excavator.

Conventional pit excavators (such as the reverse excavation method) are used when the ground is relatively soft.
When the ground is hard, such as soft or hard rock, blasting methods are used in conjunction with input excavation using picks and breakers. In this case, a clamshell or bucket elevator is required to lift the excavated soil, and there are restrictions on the size and depth of the pit.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a mechanized pit excavator that links pit excavation and soil lifting, mainly for soft rock excavation.

That is, in the present invention, a screw is disposed within a vertical screw casing, a cutting bit and an excavated soil scraping blade are provided at the lower end of the vertical screw casing, and a screw is provided at the lower outer periphery of the vertical screw casing. , a gripper device is provided that allows the vertical screw casing to rotate and can be fixed to the wall surface within the excavated shaft, a ring frame is provided on the side of the gripper device that is supported so as to be rotatable and movable; The present invention provides a vertical hole excavator characterized by being provided with a plurality of excavators that can be expanded in width. According to this configuration, by rotating the vertical screw casing, earth and sand can be excavated by the cutting bit, and the excavated soil is scraped and supplied to the screw by the excavated soil scraping blade. can be done. The raked excavated soil can be easily lifted by the screw due to the relative speed difference between the screw and the vertical screw casing. In addition, the outer periphery of a small diameter hole made with a cutting bit can be excavated with a cutting machine, and the cut soil can be lifted up in the same manner as described above. can be adjusted. Furthermore, by making the rotational directions of the plurality of cutting machines different, the rotational reaction force can be reduced.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 1 is a vertical screw casing, which is formed by connecting a plurality of cylinders. This vertical screw casing 1 is supported at its upper part via a bearing 2 on the lifting frame 38 side, and this lifting frame 38
is supported on the main body base 3 side via a lifting cylinder 39. Further, the main body base 3 is supported on a platform 5 having a plurality of legs 4. Therefore, the vertical screw casing 1 is rotatable around the vertical axis, and a first drive device 6 is provided for causing the rotation. That is, the first
The drive device 6 includes a drive motor 7 attached to the lifting frame 38 side and a pinion gear 8 attached to its output shaft.
and a gear 9 that meshes with the pinion gear 8 and is attached to the upper outer periphery of the vertical screw casing 1. An upper casing 10 is disposed so as to communicate with the upper end of the vertical screw casing 1. This upper casing 10 is fixed to the lifting frame 38 side and has an earth discharge port 11 on the side. 12
indicates a belt conveyor facing the soil discharge port 11.
A screw 13 is disposed inside both casings 1 and 10, and the upper end of this screw 13 is connected to a second drive device (drive motor) 1 attached to the upper casing 10.
4 via a coupling ring 15. Note that the upper end of the screw shaft is supported on the upper casing 10 side via a bearing 16. Here, the screw 13 can be divided and connected in its length direction, and its unit length is made equal to the divided cylindrical body forming the vertical screw casing 1. A plurality of excavated soil scraping blades 17 are attached to the outer periphery of the lower end of the vertical screw casing 1 in the circumferential direction,
Furthermore, a cutting bit 18 is attached to each of these excavated soil scraping blades 17. A gripper device 20 is provided on the lower outer periphery of the vertical screw casing 1, which allows the vertical screw casing 1 to rotate and can be fixed in a vertical hole 19 formed therein.
That is, the gripper device 20 has an annular frame 22 disposed on the outer periphery of the vertical screw casing 1 via a bearing 21, and is disposed so as to be able to move in and out of the annular frame 22 at a plurality of locations (three or more locations) in the circumferential direction. The gripper device 20 is composed of grippers 23 and jacks 24 for moving these grippers 23 in and out.The gripper device 20 is fixed by pressing each gripper 23 against the side wall surface of the vertical hole 19. Furthermore, the gripper device 20
A segment 25 is provided above the shaft to prevent the side surface of the shaft 19 from collapsing. Vertical slide frames 26 are attached to a plurality of locations on the annular frame 22, and slide frames 27 guided by these slide frames 26, respectively, and an elevating cylinder 28 for raising and lowering the slide frames 27 are provided. A ring frame 30 is connected to the lower surface side of the slide frame 27 via an annular swivel bearing 29.
is attached, and its rotation is controlled by the ring frame 30.
The slide frame 27 is attached to the ring gear 31 attached to the side.
Pinion gear 33 on the drive motor 32 side attached to
This is possible due to the configuration in which the two are interlocked. A drive motor (third drive device) 35 that can swing inward and outward is attached via a pin 34 to a plurality of circumferential locations (even two locations) of the ring frame 30, and the swing of the drive motor 35 is caused by the movement of the ring frame. This is done by a widening cylinder 36 provided between the two. A cutting machine 37 is attached to the output shaft of the drive motor 35.

Next, the shaft excavation work will be explained. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the gripper device 20 is fixed by protruding its gripper 23 and bringing it into pressure contact with the side wall surface of the vertical hole 19. Further, the first drive device 6 rotates the vertical screw casing 1, and the second drive device 14 rotates the screw casing 1.
Rotate 3. At this time, both rotations have a relative speed difference, and the cutting machine 37 is not driven. In this state, operate the lifting cylinder 39,
The vertical screw casing 1 is gradually lowered. Then, the cutting bit 18 excavates and gradually makes a small diameter hole. The excavated soil generated at this time is brought to the center by the excavated soil scraping blades 17, and then lifted up inside the vertical screw casing 1 by the screw 13. The lifted excavated soil is discharged from the soil discharge port 11 onto the belt conveyor 12. Subsequently, the cutting machine 37 is rotated by the drive motor 35, and excavation around the small diameter hole described above is performed. At this time, the ring frame 30 is being rotated by the drive motor 32, and therefore, the two cutting machines 37 are used to excavate the entire circumference of the small diameter hole described above, thereby forming the vertical hole 19. Ru. At that time, the cutting machine 37 is
By widening and swinging the shaft around the pin 34, the bottom of the shaft can be expanded as necessary, and the size of the shaft can be arbitrarily adjusted. Also two cutting machines 3
The rotating directions of the rotating parts 7 are different, so that the rotational reaction force can be reduced. Note that the soil cut by the cutting machine 37 is also lifted up by the screw 13 in the same manner as described above. Such excavation work is carried out repeatedly, and the divided bodies of the vertical screw casing 1 and the screw 13 are sequentially inserted in accordance with the excavation depth. Further, as the vertical hole 19 is excavated, the segments 25 are sequentially assembled.

In the above embodiment, the cutting bit 18 is fixed to the vertical screw casing 1, but this can also be configured so that it can swing via a pin and is also provided with an expanded cylinder for swinging. According to this type, the width of the cutting bit 18 can be widened in accordance with the width widening of the cutting machine 37. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a cutting bit 40 can be provided at the tip of the screw 13 to perform cutting together with the cutting bit 18. Note that the first drive device 6 and the second drive device 14 can also be used as a single drive device.

As described above, according to the vertical hole excavator of the present invention, by rotating the vertical screw casing, earth and sand can be excavated by the cutting bit, and the excavated soil can be excavated by the excavated soil scraping blade. can be scraped together and fed to the screw. The excavated soil raked by the excavated soil raking blade can be easily lifted up through the screw due to the relative speed difference of the screw with respect to the vertical screw casing. In addition, the outer periphery of a small diameter hole made with a cutting bit can be excavated with a cutting machine, and the cut soil can be lifted up using the excavated soil scraping blade and screw as described above. The size of the pit can be adjusted by widening it. Furthermore, by making the rotational directions of the plurality of cutting machines different, the rotational reaction force can be reduced.
As described above, according to the present invention, compared to conventional construction methods,
We can provide products with excellent safety, labor saving, and high speed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an assembled view, A is a longitudinal sectional front view of the upper part, B is a longitudinal sectional front view of the lower part, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the upper part, and FIG. 3 is a platform view. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the gripper device, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of main parts showing another embodiment of the screw. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vertical screw casing, 3... Main body base, 6... First drive device, 10... Upper casing,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Discharge port, 13... Screw, 14... Second drive device, 17... Excavation soil scraping blade, 18... Cutting bit, 19... Vertical hole, 20... Gripper device, 27
...Slide frame, 28...Elevating cylinder, 30...Ring frame, 35...Drive motor (third drive device), 36...Width expansion cylinder, 37...Cutting machine, 38
... Lifting frame, 39... Lifting cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A screw is disposed in a vertical screw casing, a cutting bit and an excavated soil scraping blade are provided at the lower end of the vertical screw casing, and the vertical screw A gripper device that allows the screw casing to rotate and can be fixed to the wall inside the excavated shaft is provided, and a ring frame that is rotatably and vertically supported is provided on the side of the gripper device. A vertical hole excavator characterized by being equipped with multiple cutting machines.