JPS6252086B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction method for hardening and improving soft ground on the ocean floor or the like using a hardening agent, and a treatment machine therefor.

To explain the conventional construction of soft ground improvement work in which a ground improvement barge is used to harden and improve the soft ground on the seabed and construct a seawall, as shown in Figure 1, the turret 2, the ground improvement treatment By means of a soil improvement barge 1 equipped with equipment such as a machine 3, a winch 4 for raising and lowering the processing machine, a hardener silo 5, a plant 6 for manufacturing hardener slurry, an operation room 7, a mooring winch 8, and an anchor 8'. A multi-axis ground improvement treatment machine 3, which has a rotary excavation/stirring mechanism (described later) at the lower end, is suspended from the tower 2 by an elevating winch 4, and the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism is rotated and excavated while the sea surface C is lowered by its own weight. After penetrating deep into the soft ground A below and reaching the desired depth, the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism is rotated as it rises and pulled out, and the hardening agent is discharged from the top to mix the hardening agent and soft soil. A unit of improved piles is created in soft ground A while kneading, and then the position of the ground improvement processing machine 3 is slightly moved and the above operation is repeated again to create an improved pile group B. The improved pile group B is a unit improved pile group 12 as shown in Fig. 2, or a wall pile 1 constructed by wrapping an adjacent improved pile around an existing improved pile.
3. Create underground structures such as lattice piles 14 and block piles 15 to turn soft ground A into hardened and improved soil, and above it, caisson revetment 9 and reclaimed soil 10
etc. are being constructed.

Furthermore, the construction of the improved pile group B is carried out using the excavating blades 28, stirring blades 29, and rotating shaft 30 provided at the lower end of the soil improvement processing machine 3, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
The existing improved pile 31 is rapped by (a) vertically penetrating the existing improved pile 31 while driving the rotary excavating/stirring mechanism D to rotate. After excavating while cutting the portion (a), the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism D is further rotated and vertically raised and pulled out along the same trajectory, and at the top thereof, the curing agent discharging tool 111 is removed.
A hardening agent is discharged from the soil, the hardening agent is mixed into the soft soil, and the adjacent improved piles 114 are joined to the existing improved piles 31 and constructed in sequence.

In addition, the ground improvement processing machine 3 shown in FIG. 5A,
As shown in FIG.
A guide member 41 protruding from the sub-leader 42 and fitted in the rail of the sub-leader 42 in a vertically movable manner; A guide member 115 that restrains the sub-leader 42 provided on the tower 2 so that it can be raised and lowered, another sub-leader 44, a joining metal fitting 45 that fits the processing machine drive unit 39 to another sub-leader 44 so that it can be raised and lowered, and the processing machine main body 40. It is composed of a guide device 46 etc. that is restrained and guided so as to be able to move up and down, and the rotary excavation/agitation device D provided at the lower end of the processing machine main body 40 can be actively moved horizontally or vertically. It is not yet possible to control directional movement.

Therefore, when the improved pile group B is constructed using the ground improvement treatment machine 3, the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism D needs to be penetrated and pulled out in the vertical direction, but due to uneven ground resistance, uneven equipment load, etc. It is impossible to avoid going off track and making a curve. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, there is a risk that unimproved soil 34 in which no curing agent has been mixed may remain between the existing improved pile 31 and the adjacent improved pile 114, and the adjacent improved pile 114 may be removed one after another. When installed in series, as shown in Fig. 4A, the penetration and pull-out lines RO and RO'
As a result, a large portion of unimproved soil 20 is formed between the existing improved pile 31 and the adjacent improved pile 114 in addition to the lap joint 19, and the bondability between the unit improved piles deteriorates. , the verticality of the improved piles is also impaired, resulting in poor construction of the group of improved piles, that is, insufficient ground improvement.

The present invention relates to an improved construction method for soft ground that eliminates the above-mentioned difficulties, and an improved treatment machine for the same. In the soft ground improvement method, which hardens and improves the ground by kneading it with soft soil, the amount of lap with the improved soil is reduced at the beginning of penetration, the amount of lap is maintained at the same level, and the rotary excavation/agitation mechanism is used. Under the control of a horizontal extension mechanism installed near the hole, penetration and excavation are carried out by increasing the amount of lap from the middle of penetration, and when pulling out, the hole is pulled out vertically from the position where the amount of lap is increased to scrape off a part of the improved soil. Soft ground improvement method that hardens and improves the ground while
The rotary excavation/stirring mechanism is driven to penetrate and pull out the soft ground by partially wrapping it in the improved soil, and the hardening agent is discharged from the hardening agent dispensing tool placed near the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism to loosen the soft ground. In a soil improvement treatment machine that hardens and improves the ground by mixing it with soil, the rotary excavating and stirring mechanism is inserted near the rotary excavating and stirring mechanism, and when pulled out, the rotary excavating and stirring mechanism is moved to the improved soil side. It is characterized by a soft ground improvement treatment machine that is equipped with a horizontal extension mechanism that controls in the vertical direction. The object of the present invention is to provide a soft ground improvement method that improves the bonding properties of (improved piles) and allows for smooth ground improvement. It is in the point of providing.

The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and at the time of penetration, the amount of overlap with the improved soil is initially reduced,
Penetration and excavation are carried out by increasing the amount of lap from the middle of penetration, and when pulling out, it is pulled out vertically from that position to harden and improve the ground while scraping a part of the improved soil. The problem of unimproved soil being interposed has been resolved, and the horizontal extension mechanism installed near the rotary excavation/agitation mechanism makes it easier to increase the amount of lap during penetration and to control the vertical direction during extraction. The amount required is minimized, construction accuracy is improved, and the bondability (continuous installation) of the improved soil is significantly improved.It also enables highly accurate construction, which allows for quick and smooth construction and greatly increases work efficiency. It will be greatly improved.

In addition, in the present invention, a horizontal extension mechanism is provided near the rotary excavation/agitation mechanism of the soil improvement treatment machine to move the rotary excavation/agitation mechanism toward the improved soil side during penetration or withdrawal, and to control it in the vertical direction. Because of this, the rotary excavation/agitation mechanism can be moved in the horizontal direction and thereby controlled in the vertical direction at any time during penetration and extraction, and its operation is performed directly by the horizontal extension mechanism. Because of this, it is strong enough to withstand ground pressure, and can operate reliably and accurately, making it possible to perform highly precise construction.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
An embodiment of the soft ground improvement method of the present invention is shown in FIGS. Initially, the planned lap amount (b) for the improved soil 31 is set smaller than the planned lap (a), and from the middle of penetration, penetration and excavation are carried out while increasing the lap amount, and when the predetermined depth is reached, the planned lap amount is Amount (a)
At the time of pulling out, the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E is rotated and lifted vertically from that position.By pulling out, part C of the improved soil is cut, and at the same time, hardening agent is discharged from the upper part of the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E. The method is such that a hardening agent is sent into the stirred soft soil from a tool 111, the hardening agent and the soft soil are kneaded, and improved soil is constructed in the adjacent area. In this method, the rotating shaft 30 of the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E is
As shown in Figure 3D, at the beginning of the penetration, it descends vertically on the line C, and midway through, its trajectory is corrected and deflects toward the improved soil 31, following the diagonal line C', and then rises vertically from that position. The locus of the tip of the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E on the improved soil side changes from line 37 to line 38, and the amount of cut of the improved soil by the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E is as follows: The lapping amount (b) at the beginning of penetration, gradually reaches the lapping amount (a) during the penetration, and the remaining lapping amount (c) is cut off at the time of extraction.

Next, an example of the soil improvement treatment machine used in the construction method of the above embodiment will be explained.The outline of the example is as shown in FIGS. 6A and B. A bearing 49 for the rotating shaft 30 attached to the rotating shaft 30, a rotating shaft driving prime mover 50, a horizontal extending mechanism F attached to a portion of the rotary excavating/agitating mechanism E consisting of the excavating blade 28 and the stirring blade 29, and the horizontal extending mechanism F It is composed of a remote drive device 51 of the output mechanism F, and has a multi-axis structure. Furthermore, the rotary excavation/stirring device E and horizontal extension mechanism F are shown in Figure 7A.
Referring to the enlarged view of B, the stirring blades 29 are arranged in multiple stages, and one of the extending members 47 of the horizontal extending mechanism F is in the retracted state, and the other extending member 47' is in the extended operating state. As shown in FIG. 7B, a set of four rotary excavating/agitating mechanisms E are arranged on the processing machine body support 48, and both projecting members 47 and 47' are arranged on both sides. It has a well-structured structure.

Next, a first embodiment of the above-mentioned horizontal extension mechanism F is shown in FIGS.
4 is a bracket to which the overhanging member 52 is rotatably joined; 57 is attached to the support column 48;
a bracket to which the link 58 is rotatably joined, 59 a pin to which the overhang member 53 and the link 58 are rotatably joined, 60 a drive device for the overhang member, 61 a rotatable link between the overhang member 52 and the drive device 60; A pin 63 is attached to the support column 48, and a bracket to which the drive device 60 is rotatably connected by the pin 62, 65 and 64 are stoppers for storing and operating the overhanging member, and 116 is a rotating shaft flange. has been done.

In addition, Fig. 9A and B show the second part of the horizontal extension mechanism F.
An example is shown, and in the figure 66 is an overhanging member;
7, 68 are brackets 71, 72 rotatably joined to the overhanging member 66 by pins 69 and 70;
77 is a link having a dimension in which the distance between pins 78 and 79 is approximately equal to the distance between pins 69 and 70, and 80 is a tension member. A drive device for the ejecting member, 81 is the support column 48
The drive device 80 is rotatably supported by a pin 82.

Furthermore, a third embodiment of the horizontal extension mechanism F is shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. Bracket joined to 8
8 and 89 are connected to the support column 48, and links 90 and 91
a bracket rotatably supported by pins 92 and 93; 94 is a bar having a dimension that is approximately equal to the distance between pins 95 and 96 and the distance between pins 86 and 87; 97 is a tension bar for extension; 98 is a tension bar for storage; 99 is a drive device, 100 is a bracket that is attached to the support column 48 and rotatably supports the drive device 99 with a pin 101, 102 is a link that is rotatably attached to the column 48 with a pin 103, and 104 is a link that connects the drive device 99 to a link 10.
2 is rotatably connected to the pin, 105 is the elongated hole 10
At 7, the head hardware of the tension bar 97 is connected to the link 102 by a pin 108, and at 106, the link 10 is connected to the link 10 by a pin 110 at an elongated hole 109.
Head hardware of tension bar 98 joined with 2,
Reference numeral 117 indicates the extended state of the projecting member, which constitutes the third embodiment. The embodiment of the present invention is as described above, and the soft ground improvement method of the present invention is a ground improvement processing machine (No. 6 7) is suspended from the tower 2 by an elevating winch 4 as shown in FIG.
While rotating the stirring mechanism E, the hardening agent discharge tool 11 penetrates deep into the soft ground due to its own weight, and when the desired depth is reached, the hardening agent dispensing tool 11 is placed at a position above the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E.
While discharging the curing agent from 1, the drilling blade and stirring blade 2
8 and 29 to mix the curing agent with the soft soil and pull up the processing machine to create unit improved piles (improved soil). By constructing these unit improvement piles by wrapping them little by little and joining the unit improvement piles to each other, it is possible to create improved soil, that is, an underground structure integrated into soft ground, as shown in Figure 2. can.

In the conventional construction method, as shown in Figure 3A, when the adjacent improved pile 114 was constructed to make the planned amount (a) wrap (20 to 30 cm), the amount of deviation in the trajectory of the processing machine during construction of the improved pile was large. , leaving unimproved soil 20 as shown in Figure 4A on the joint surface of the unit improved pile,
In addition, as shown in Figure 4B, unimproved soil 113 occurs between the unit improved piles in the deep part, and one or both of the unit improved piles tend to come off each other, causing the laps 19 and 27 at the joint to come off. Become.

In addition, regarding the connection of unit improved piles in conventional construction, (a) for the improved piles in Figure 3A
By penetrating the processing machine vertically and pulling it out along the same trajectory, the joints where the hardening agent mixed soil that was cut during penetration was lost can be completely filled with hardening agent mixed soil again. However, it is difficult to pull out in the deep layer with exactly the same trajectory as when penetrating.
Unimproved soil 34 will remain on the cut surface of the existing improved pile.

However, in this embodiment method, as shown in Fig. 3C, the burlap penetrates with a smaller lapping amount (b) than the planned lapping amount (a), reaches a deep layer, and activates the horizontal extension mechanism F. After changing the trajectory of the processing machine to reach the desired (a) amount of rap, the improved soil is cut to a new amount (c), and the unit improvement pile, i.e. The joint between the soil and the adjacent improved soil will be complete and continuity will be achieved.

In addition, conventional processing machines do not have an active movement control mechanism for the machine itself, and the rotary excavation and stirring mechanism D is separated from the drive unit due to the long rotation shaft, so the vertical direction during penetration and extraction is However, in the processing machine of this embodiment, by operating the horizontal extension mechanism F at any time during penetration and extraction, the extension member is extended to the ground side. The reaction force applied to the rotary excavation/agitation part E can be moved horizontally, that is, toward the improved soil side, so it is possible to correct the trajectory of penetration and extraction, and its operation also allows it to move in the vertical direction. can also be controlled. The construction method of the above-mentioned embodiments becomes possible, and complete joints between unit improved piles can be achieved. In Figure 7B, rotary excavation
In order to correct the trajectory of the stirring mechanism E in the backward direction, the horizontal extension mechanisms e and d are extended and the horizontal resistance force is obtained from the rear side wall. , b, to the left, by extending the horizontal extension mechanism f, and when wanting to move it to the right, by extending the control device c to obtain resistance, the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism E can be moved horizontally in any direction. can be done.

In FIGS. 8A, B, and C, the overhanging members 52, 5
3 is extended, and when penetrating, the horizontal extension mechanism 53
However, during pulling out, the overhanging member 52 can obtain resistance by cutting the side wall outside the improved area, the earth flow within each good area, or by cutting the side wall outside the improved area. In FIGS. 9A and 9B, a horizontal reaction force is obtained by applying the overhanging member 66 to a side wall outside the improved area when the overhanging member is in an extended state. Also, brackets 73 and 74 are connected to pins 69 and 70 by links 77 having the same pin spacing so that they are parallel to the processing machine body.

In FIGS. 10A and 10B, the structure of the overhang member 83 has an intermediate function between the overhang members 52, 53, and 66, that is, it obtains a horizontal reaction force by cutting the side wall and pressing against the side wall. In order to project the projecting member parallel to the processing machine body, links 90 and 91 of the same device are connected by a bar 94 having the same pin distance and length as the pins 86 and 87. When the tension bar 97 is pulled, the overhang member 83 is extended, and when the tension bar 98 is pulled, the overhang member 8
3 is stored. Also, when the hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, screw cylinder, etc. of the drive device 99 extends as shown by the arrow, the tension bar 97
is pulled, and during this time the tension bar 98 does not move due to play in the pin hole of the head, while the drive device 99
When it contracts as shown by the arrow, the tension bar 98 is pulled and the tension bar 97 does not move. That is, the two rods that operate the remote extension member 93 alternately pull only one of them by the expansion and contraction operation of the drive device.
Safe power transmission can be achieved by a long rod with a small diameter.

The embodiment is as described above, and in the construction method of this embodiment, the above-mentioned horizontal extension mechanism F is also installed, so that the lap is reduced at the beginning of penetration and excavation, that is, it is made shallow, and the penetration that reaches deep layers is prevented. By correcting the trajectory in the direction of increasing the amount of lap midway through and pulling out from the deep lap position at the end of penetration, the hardening agent can be mixed while scraping the improved soil, so unimproved soil can be mixed in at the joint surface. There is no need to leave anything behind, and the connectivity between unit improved piles, that is, between improved soil, can be improved. In addition, the construction accuracy is increased and construction can be carried out quickly and smoothly.

In addition, the processing machine equipped with the horizontal extension mechanism F of the embodiment allows the trajectory of the processing machine to be changed arbitrarily in deep layers of the ground, and the horizontal extension mechanism F allows the processing machine to perform rotary excavation and Since the stirring mechanism D can be moved directly and strongly in the horizontal direction, the above-mentioned bonding properties can be perfected, and the improved soil can be made into a series of integral pieces.

Conventionally, due to concerns about the bondability between unit improved piles, a large safety factor was taken for the designed improved ground strength compared to the depth inside the unit improved piles, and the agitation performance within the unit improved area of the processing machine was not utilized. However, due to the function of the horizontal extension mechanism of this example treatment machine, a complete connection between the improved piles can be obtained, the reliability of the improved ground as a whole is improved, and the overall scale of the ground improvement can be reduced based on economic design. Ground improvement performance is greatly improved.

In conventional processing machines, slight horizontal force caused by unbalanced ground resistance or unbalanced mechanical load had a large effect on the improved soil, but in this example, horizontal tension is applied to the rotary excavation and stirring mechanism. Since the extending mechanism is provided, the horizontal extending mechanism can be directly moved in the horizontal direction by strong operation, and the amount of wrap can be adjusted and the vertical direction can be controlled at any time.

Furthermore, above the axis of the rotary excavation and agitation mechanism, which is important and effective for controlling the excavation and agitation trajectory of the processing machine, a mounting seat is provided on the side of the support between the multi-axis excavation and agitation axes, and when the machine is pulled in, earth flow within the excavation surface is achieved. Or, it can be stored and expanded so that it receives very little resistance from the side walls and receives a large amount of resistance when extended, and by placing each horizontal extension device around the processing machine body, it can be moved in either the X or Y direction on the plane. Alternatively, it can be arbitrarily controlled in multiple directions.

In the above description, the improvement of soft ground on the seabed and the like has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can also be applied to improvement of general soft ground.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and that various design modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a sketch showing conventional examples of submarine soft ground improvement and revetment construction, Figure 2 is a diagram of various shapes of improved pile groups,
Figures 3A and B are construction explanatory diagrams of conventional ground improvement, Figures 3C and D are illustrations of an embodiment of the soil improvement method of the present invention, and Figures 4A and B are state diagrams of conventional soil improvement. Figures 5A and B are a schematic diagram of a conventional soft ground improvement treatment machine, Figure 5C is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the soil improvement treatment machine of the present invention, and Figures 6A and B are a part of Figure 5C. A side view and a front view showing the enlarging mechanism, FIGS.
Figures A, B, and C are a side view, front view, AA cross section (upper half) and BB cross section (lower half) of the first embodiment showing details of the horizontal extension mechanism, and FIG. A, B
A is a side view showing the second embodiment of the horizontal extension mechanism.
-A sectional view, and FIGS. 10A and 10B are a side view and a front view of the drive device of the third embodiment of the horizontal extension mechanism. A: Soft ground, B: Improved pile group (improved soil), D,
E: Rotary excavation/stirring mechanism, F: Horizontal extension mechanism,
3: Ground improvement processing machine, 111: Hardening agent discharge tool, 2
8: Drilling blade, 29: Stirring blade.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a soft ground improvement method in which a rotary excavation/agitation mechanism of a ground improvement processing machine is driven to penetrate into and pull out soft ground, and the hardening agent and soft soil are kneaded to harden and improve the ground. At the beginning of penetration, the amount of lapping with the improved soil is reduced to maintain the same amount of lapping, and the amount of lapping is reduced from the middle of penetration by controlling the horizontal extension mechanism installed near the rotary excavation and stirring mechanism. A soft ground improvement method characterized by penetrating and excavating a large amount of lap, and when pulling it out, pulling it out vertically from the position where the lap amount is large, and scraping away a part of the improved soil to harden and improve the ground. 2 The rotary excavation/stirring mechanism is driven to partially wrap the improved soil and penetrate into and pull out the soft ground, and the hardening agent is discharged from the hardening agent dispensing tool placed near the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism to loosen the soft ground. In a ground treatment machine that hardens and improves the ground by kneading it with soil, a horizontal machine is installed near the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism to move the rotary excavation/stirring mechanism toward the improved soil side when penetrating or pulling it out, and to control it in the vertical direction. A soft ground improvement treatment machine characterized by being equipped with an overhang mechanism.