JPS6253426B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for generating a speed command for controlling the deceleration and stop of an elevator, and particularly to a speed command method that can be easily standardized.

[Prior Art] This type of device is equipped with a pulse generator that generates pulses proportional to the number of revolutions of an elevator driving electric motor, and a counter counts the output pulses of this pulse generator after the start of deceleration. It has been proposed to generate a stepwise decreasing speed command by decoding the output of the motor using a decoder.

This device will be explained using the embodiment shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a hoisting machine, 2 is an elevator driving electric motor, 3 is a sheave, 4 is an elevator car, and 5 is a counterweight. An AC speed generator 6 is directly connected to the elevator driving electric motor 2, and the AC voltage generated from the AC generator 6 in response to the movement of the elevator car 4 is converted into pulses by a zero cross switch circuit 8, and this pulse is input to the counter 9.

On the other hand, when the elevator car 4 reaches the deceleration starting point, the position detector 15 attached to the elevator car 4 is operated by the detector 16 installed in the hoistway to generate a signal, and this detection signal is It is sent to the counter 9 through the tail cord 17.

The counter 9 starts counting the pulses input by the zero cross switch circuit 8 at the time when the detection signal is generated from the position detector 15 (deceleration start point), and its output is sent to the decoder 10, latch 11, inverter ( A speed command for deceleration and stop control is created by the NOT circuit) 13 and the voltage dividing resistor 14.

A specific circuit configuration from the counter 9 to the voltage dividing resistor 14 is shown in FIG. That is, the counter 9 is composed of an IC flip-flop, and its output terminals 1, 2, 3...n output an output every time it counts the number of input pulses of 1, 2, 4...2 ⁿ - ¹ , respectively. Generate a signal. These outputs are combined and input to a decoder 10 consisting of a NAND element. For example, when output terminals 2, 3, and 5 are input, the NAND element of the decoder 10 outputs counter outputs 2, 3, and 5.
4 and 16 are combined to generate an output signal at 2+4+16=22nd pulse. However, in this case,
Since it is a NAND element, it changes from "1" to "0". The output of the decoder 10 is input to a latch circuit 11 consisting of a NAND element, where it is stored and held. The output of this latch circuit 11 is input to an inverter 13 with an open collector.

Note that a signal P ₀ "1" is applied to the latch circuit 11 before operating this device.

The output terminal of the inverter 13 is connected to each connection point of the voltage dividing resistor 14, and when the input of the inverter 13 becomes "1", the output becomes "0".
The voltage dividing resistor 14 is shortened by grounding each connection point. Therefore, a voltage e ₀ is obtained that decreases stepwise in accordance with the number of pulses counted by the counter 9 after the deceleration start point, that is, the deceleration position of the elevator car. Furthermore, a smooth linear speed command e _s is sent through the primary delay circuit 18 to improve riding comfort.
get. By comparing the actual speed signal e _p obtained by rectifying the output of the AC speed generator 6 with the rectifier 19 using the phase control device 20 and controlling the phase of the thyristor of the braking circuit 21 based on the deviation (e _p −e _s ). Speed feedback control of the drive motor 2 is performed.

In Figure 2, we have described the case of four position detections OC1 to OC4, but as the rated speed V _N of the elevator increases, the deceleration distance S _N increases in proportion to V _N ² , assuming the deceleration is constant. Therefore, the number of detection points needs to increase approximately in proportion to the rated speed _VN .

In addition, the minimum number of position detection points to maintain elevator performance is determined by mechanical factors such as the gain and response speed of the speed feedback control system and the wire rope 23 connecting the car 4 and the counterweight 5 shown in FIG. Determined by the constants of the vibration system. Since it is ideal to use continuous speed commands through continuous position detection, the greater the number of position detection points, the better.

In FIG. 1, the number of revolutions n _s (rps) of the elevator driving electric motor 2, the reduction ratio i of the hoist 1, the diameter D (m) of the sheave 3, and the input of the counter 9 when the electric motor 2 makes one rotation are shown. The travel distance P _l of the car 4 per pulse, where P is the number of pulses given, is P _l =ΠD/P _i (m/pulse) (1).

Also, the car 4 at the rotation speed n _s of the electric motor 2
The speed V _s of is V _s = Πn _s D/i (m/s) ...(2), and the required deceleration distance S when decelerating to a stop with acceleration α (m/s ² ) is S = V _s ² /2α...(3).

Therefore, the number of pulses P _t counted by the counter 9 from the deceleration start point to the elevator stop point is P _t =S/P _l =V _s ² /2α×P _i /ΠD=ΠPn
_s ² D/2α _i (4).

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The relationship between the elevator's rated speed, traveling distance P _l , pulse number P _t, etc. is expressed by the above relational expression, but in reality, due to differences in models such as rated speed and rated load, these constants are Since various values are taken, care must be taken in setting the circuit constants of the decoder 10 and the voltage dividing resistor 14 accordingly.

Therefore, by adding suffixes 1 and 2 to each constant, we can create an elevator of n _s1 , i ₁ , D ₁ , P ₁ , V _s1 ,, S ₁ , P _t1 and n _s2 , i ₂ , D ₂ , P ₂ , V _s2 , , S ₂ , P _t2 consider an elevator.

From the viewpoint of ride comfort for passengers in the elevator car 4, the acceleration α must be kept approximately constant regardless of these constants.

For this purpose, from the relational expression of the number of pulses P _t counted by the counter 9, Equation (4), 2α/Π=P ₁ n _s ² ₁ D ₁ /P _t1 i ₁ = P ₂ n _s
² ₂ D ₂ /P _t2 i ₂ (5) must be satisfied. A commonly considered method for this is to set P _t suitable for constants such as P, n _s , D, and i (hereinafter referred to as elevator constants). However, as the number of models increases, there are many types of connections between the input of the decoder 10 and the output of the counter 9, making it difficult to adjust the resistors R ₀ to R ₄ that make up the voltage dividing resistor 14. It is difficult to

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator speed command method that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and is easy to adjust and standardize.

[Means for solving problems]

In the present invention, by multiplying the number of pulses from the speed pulse generators 6 and 8 by n _s1 /n _s2 and inputting it to the counter 9, the rated rotational speed of the electric motor when the car speed is the rated speed V _s1 is calculated. Speed command generators 10, 11, 13, 14 used in elevators with n _s1 ,
When the rated speeds V _s1 and V _s2 of the car, the deceleration α, and the number of output pulses P ₁ and P ₂ from the speed pulse generator per unit rotation of the motor are equal, and the speed of the car is the rated speed V _s2 The present invention is characterized in that it is used as a speed command generating device for an elevator whose rated rotational speed is _ns2 .

[Effect]

In order to eliminate the drawbacks described in the above-mentioned prior art, the connection relationship between the counter 9 and the decoder 10 should not change depending on the model, that is, P _t
1 , P _t2 , the car may reach a predetermined stopping point when the count from the deceleration start point of the counter 9 reaches P _t0 .

In equation (5), if k ₁ =P _t1 /P _t0 and k ₂ =P _t2 /P _t0 , then 2αP _t0 /Π=P ₁ n _s ² ₁ D ₁ /k ₁ i ₁ =P ₂
n _s ² ₂ D ₂ /k ₂ i ₂ ...(6) However, from equation (2), V _s1 = Πn _s1 D ₁ /i ₁ , V _s2 = Πn _s2 D ₂ /i
₂ and assuming that V _s =V _s1 =V _s2 , equation (6) becomes simple as 2αP _t0 /ΠV _s =P ₁ n _s1 /k ₁ =P ₂ n _s2
/k ₂ ...(7) In other words, when the elevator constants differ depending on the model, etc., the speed command for decelerating to a stop from the same speed with the same deceleration distance and acceleration (deceleration) is sent to the same speed command circuit. To obtain from equation (7)
need to be satisfied.

By the way, in equation (7), assuming that the rated rotational speeds n _s1 and n _s2 of the motor are constant and cannot be adjusted due to the characteristics of the motor 2, k ₁ , k ₂ , P ₁ , P ₂
should be selected appropriately.

The number of input pulses P ₁ and P ₂ of the counter 9 when the electric motor 2 rotates once can be adjusted by the following method.

(1) Change the number of poles of the AC speed generator 6.

(2) A belt drive or the like is used for the mechanical connection between the electric motor 2 and the AC speed generator 6.

(3) The AC speed generator 6 is of a polyphase type, and pulses synchronized with each phase are synthesized.

(4) Zero cross switch 8 and counter 9 in Figure 1
A circuit for adjusting P ₁ and P ₂ is provided between the two.

(5) Appropriately combine the above (1) to (4).

In the present invention, in particular, the method shown in (4) above is used, and using the relationship of equation (8) described later, the speed of the elevator where the rated rotational speed of the electric motor is n _s1 when the speed of the car is the rated speed. The command generating device is used as a speed command generating device for an elevator in which the rated rotational speed of the electric motor is n _s2 when the speed of the car is the rated speed.

Specifically, one phase voltage and the other phase voltage are waveform-shaped by the output of a speed pulse generator connected to an elevator driving electric motor to generate first and second pulse trains, and the n _s1 and n Select and output only a predetermined pulse from the first pulse train based on the relationship ratio with _s2 , add this pulse and the pulses of the second pulse train to output a third pulse train, and output the third pulse train.
input the pulse train to the counter. By taking in the output of this counter and generating a speed command that decreases stepwise, the car's rated speed, deceleration, and number of pulses to the counter are made equal, and the car is decelerated regardless of the motor's rated rotation speed. The stopping distance is fixed.

This makes it possible to use a common speed command generation device for electric motors with different rated rotational speeds, making it possible to standardize the devices.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained using the block diagram of FIG. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or equivalent components.

The AC speed generator 6 has a number of poles of 2P _o , and its rotor is directly connected to the rotor shaft of the motor 2, so that a pulse can be obtained from the zero cross switch circuit 8 for each single-phase half-wave of its output. . When the electric motor 2 rotates once, the output of the AC speed generator becomes P _o cycles, so the number of pulses becomes P _o .

To simplify the explanation, it is assumed that k ₁ =1 in equation (6) or (7), that is, P _t0 =P _t1 . As a result, P ₁ =P _o . Even if the model is different, if the configuration from the electric motor 2 to the output of the zero cross switch is the same, then P ₂ =P _o in equation (7). Therefore, from equation (7), k ₂ = n _s1 /n _s2 ...(8) This k ₂ may be k ₂ <1, k ₂ = 1, k ₂ > 1, and the coefficient in Figure 3 In the device 7, input pulses CP1,
Equation (8) where CP2 is the input pulse CP3 of counter 9
make the relationship almost satisfied. Figure 4 shows
A circuit for obtaining two-phase pulses of CP1 and CP2 is shown, and FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the coefficient multiplier 7 described above. The AC speed generator 6 used is one that can provide a three-phase output voltage. Terminal voltages e _D1 , e _D2 of the rectifiers 191, 192, 193 of the rectifier circuit 19 for speed feedback control circuit,
e _D3 is the relationship shown in FIG. 4a. Rectifier circuit 1
When the AC input terminals u, v, w of 9 and the negative side terminal 0 of the DC output are connected to the zero cross switch circuit 8, the terminal voltage e _D1 of the rectifier 191 causes the resistance 2 to
6. Current flows through the base-emitter of the transistor 27 and the rectifier 31, and the transistor 27
Accordingly, the connection point between the collector of the transistor 27 and the resistor 29 and the terminal 0
The voltage between them varies from a value close to 0 to a value of DC voltage E _c . Furthermore, the Schmitt trigger 32
The waveform is shaped by , and a pulse output CP1 is obtained.
Based on the same principle, the voltage e _D of the rectifiers 192 and 193 is
₂ , e _D3 is pulsed through the transistor 28 and Schmitt trigger 33 to obtain a pulse output CP2.

In this case, when both voltages e _{D 2} and e _D3 are close to zero near θ=2Π/3 in FIG. 4a, the voltage drop in the rectifier 31 in FIG. When the base current is blocked, there is no conduction between the collector and emitter. Therefore, this interval Δθ
In this case, the input of the shot trigger 33 is “1”
otherwise, it becomes "0", so the output pulse CP2 becomes as shown in FIG. 4a.

The operation of the coefficient multiplier when these two sets of pulses CP1 and CP2 are used will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5a shows an embodiment composed of a 5-ary counter 71, an inverter 72, and a NAND gate 73, in which the coefficient k ₂ of equation (8) is obtained as 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.0.

In FIG. 5b, the input pulse CP1 of the counter 71
The relationship between the outputs A, B, and C of the flip-flops 711, 712, and 713 is shown. Input pulse CP1
At the fifth pulse counting from the initial state where outputs A, B, and C are all "0", outputs A, C become "1" and a reset signal is sent from the gate 714 to the reset input terminal R of each flip-flop. It is a quinary counter that returns to its initial state.

Here, consider the case where the coefficient k ₂ is 1.4. The output Y of the NAND gate 732 is a pulse
Between CP1 and output A of flip-flop 711
Since it is obtained by removing NAND, the relationship shown in FIG. 5b is obtained.

If terminals y and u are connected on the terminal board 74,
The output CP3 of the NAND gate 731 is the pulse CP2
and the output Y of the NAND gate 732. Therefore, when k ₂ = 1.4 in Fig. 5b,
The pulse will be shown as CP3. That is, pulse CP
The number of pulses obtained by multiplying 2 by 1.4 is obtained as CP3.

Even in cases other than k ₂ =1.4, as is clear from FIG. 5b, by changing the connection of the terminal plate 74, the number of pulses can be converted to a factor times that number.

By the way, whether the coefficient k ₂ is k ₂ > 1 or k ₂ < 1 is determined by n _s1 > n _s2 or n _s1 < 1 in equation (8).
Either n _s2 . Therefore, for example, n
When _s1 < n _s2 , the number of revolutions is n In an elevator with _s2 , terminals U and u of the terminal board 74 are connected, pulse CP3 is equal to pulse CP2, and the number of revolutions is n _s1.
In the elevator, the value of n _s2 can be considered as the coefficient k ₂ and the terminals of the terminal board 74 can be connected accordingly.

Furthermore, in FIG. 5, the pulses of the outputs X, Y, Z, W, and V of the NAND gate 73 are input
If the input pulse CP3 is , the values of the coefficient k ₂ are 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, respectively, so these may be used as necessary. In this case, k ₂ = 1.0 in an elevator with a rotation speed of n _s1 , that is, pulse CP1 is set to CP3, and k ₂ <1 in an elevator with a rotation speed of n _s2 , that is, one of the outputs X, Y, Z, and W is a pulse. All you have to do is make it CP3.

The counter 71 of the coefficient unit 7 has been described using a quinary counter, but it is clear that it can be a quaternary, hexadecimal, or other appropriate counter depending on the value of the coefficient _k2 .

Note that the coefficient k ₁ is assumed to be k ₁ = 1, but when k ₁ ≠ 1, the coefficient k ₂ is changed according to the above embodiment so as to satisfy equation (7) according to the value of k _1. It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention, such as by adjusting the value of .

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention effectively utilizes the output of the speed pulse generator and simply provides a coefficient unit based on the coefficient ratio of the rated rotational speed of the electric motor, and the rated rotational speed of the electric motor is different. However, a common elevator speed command generation device can be used, allowing standardization of the device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of an elevator speed command device and speed control device according to an existing proposal, and Figures 2a and b
1 is a wiring diagram showing the specific circuit configuration of the main parts of the speed command device shown in FIG. 1, and a waveform diagram of the voltage obtained by the speed command device; FIG. 3 is a diagram of the principle of the present invention;
4a and 4b are pulse generation circuit diagrams according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5a and 5b are circuit diagrams for changing the number of pulses. 2...Elevator driving electric motor, 6...AC speed generator, 7...Coefficient unit, 8...Zero cross switch circuit, 9, 71...Counter, 19...Rectifier, 73...
NAND gate, 74...terminal board.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An elevator driving electric motor, a speed pulse generator connected to the electric motor, a counter for counting output pulses from the speed pulse generator, and generating a deceleration pattern according to the count value of the counter. In an elevator equipped with a speed command generator, the number of pulses from the speed pulse generator is n _s1 /n _s2
By doubling it and inputting it to the counter, the rated rotational speed of the motor when the car speed is the rated speed is n _s1
A speed command generator used in an elevator is an electric motor when the car's rated speed, deceleration, and number of output pulses from the speed pulse generator per unit rotation are equal, and the car's speed is the rated speed. A speed command method for an elevator, characterized in that the method is used as a speed command generator for an elevator whose rated rotational speed is n _s2 .