JPS6254166B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6254166B2 JPS6254166B2 JP55080185A JP8018580A JPS6254166B2 JP S6254166 B2 JPS6254166 B2 JP S6254166B2 JP 55080185 A JP55080185 A JP 55080185A JP 8018580 A JP8018580 A JP 8018580A JP S6254166 B2 JPS6254166 B2 JP S6254166B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- inorganic oxide
- heat treatment
- laser
- mixed powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/121—Coherent waves, e.g. laser beams
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はレーザ熱処理方法に係り、特にレーザ
光のエネルギーを有効に利用することを可能にす
るレーザ熱処理方法に関する。
〔従来技術とその問題点〕
レーザ光を材料表面に照射して材料を熱処理す
る、いわゆるレーザ熱処理方法においては、レー
ザ光の吸収を高める目的で、材料表面にりん酸亜
鉛被膜やりん酸マンガン被膜等のりん酸塩被膜を
予め形成させることが良く行われている。しかし
材料表面にりん酸塩被膜を形成させた後、レーザ
光を照射すると、被膜中のりんが材料表面から粒
界に沿つて侵入し低融点化合物を形成し割れの原
因となる場合がある。また被膜形成処理方法は、
りん酸亜鉛被膜形成処理として代表的なボンデラ
イト処理を例にとると材料の酸洗、中和、水洗、
処理液への浸漬、水洗、乾燥という様に多くの工
程を必要とし、処理設備も複雑になる。更に必要
な個所のみりん酸亜鉛被膜を形成させることは困
難で、部品の全表面に亘つてりん酸亜鉛被膜が形
成される。更にまたレーザ光照射後の表面は、高
温に加熱するとりん酸塩が溶融付着し、そのため
レーザ光照射後、再び表面仕上げ加工が必要であ
る。
そこで、従来においてもりん酸塩被膜の形成に
代えて、粒径１μｍ以下の黒鉛粉末被膜を形成し
て行なう熱処理方法が提供されている（特開昭56
−150126号公報等）。この方法によれば、前記り
ん酸塩被膜を形成する方法における割れ等の各欠
点を解消することができるが、レーザ光のエネル
ギーの有効利用の面で末だ不十分であつた。
本発明の目的は、上記した従来技術の欠点を解
消し、レーザ光のエネルギーを有効に利用するこ
とを可能にするレーザ熱処理方法を提供すること
にある。
〔問題点を解決するための手段・作用〕
本発明は、材料表面にレーザ光を照射し材料を
熱処理するに際して、熱処理前の材料表面に予め
平均粒径１μｍ以下の黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末
層を形成しておくことを特徴とし、無機酸化物の
添加によりレーザ光の吸収効率を高め、レーザ光
のエネルギーを有効に利用し得るようにしたもの
である。
本発明において黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末は、
たとえばバインダ及び揮発性溶剤とともに材料表
面に塗布され、固着される。無機酸化物として
は、マイカ、アルミナ、シリカなどが挙げられる
が、特にマイカが好ましい。黒鉛／無機酸化物の
混合比は３／１〜１／３、特に１／１が好まし
い。またバインダとしてはアクリル樹脂、エポキ
シ樹脂などの樹脂類が用いられる。さらに揮発性
溶剤としてはシンナー、メチルエチルケトンなど
の溶剤類が用いられる。
黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末、バインダ及び揮発
性溶剤からなる塗布剤は速乾性があり、吹き付け
塗布ができるため、公知のボンデライト処理に比
較すると表面予備処理操作が極めて簡便で、所要
時間も短いという利点がある。
本発明において熱処理前の材料表面に固着され
る黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末の平均粒径は１μｍ
以下に限定される。平均粒径が１μｍ以下の黒鉛
−無機酸化物混合粉末を使用することにより、吹
き付け塗布時に材料表面に均一なコーテイング層
を形成させることができ、またバインダにより黒
鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末を強固に材料表面に固着
させることができるという利点がある。また吹き
付け時にノズルの目詰りを起こさないという利点
もある。
〔実施例〕
以下に実施例に基づいて本発明を更に説明す
る。
第１表に示した塗布剤Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ及びＤ剤を材
料〔SK3（1.1％炭素工具鋼）〕表面に吹き付け塗
布し、固形成分を材料表面に固着させた。なお固
型成分（Ａ〜Ｃ剤においては黒鉛−無機酸化物混
合粉末、Ｄ剤においては黒鉛単独）の平均粒径は
１μｍ以下であり、CO2レーザ光の波長（10.6μ
ｍ）の1/10以下であつた。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a laser heat treatment method, and particularly to a laser heat treatment method that makes it possible to effectively utilize the energy of laser light. [Prior art and its problems] In the so-called laser heat treatment method, in which the material surface is heat-treated by irradiating the material surface with laser light, a zinc phosphate coating or a manganese phosphate coating is applied to the material surface in order to increase the absorption of laser light. It is common practice to form a phosphate film in advance such as However, when a phosphate film is formed on the material surface and then irradiated with laser light, the phosphorus in the film may penetrate from the material surface along the grain boundaries and form a low melting point compound, which may cause cracks. In addition, the film formation treatment method is
Taking Bonderite treatment, which is a typical zinc phosphate film forming treatment, as an example, the material is pickled, neutralized, washed with water,
It requires many steps such as immersion in a treatment solution, washing with water, and drying, and the treatment equipment becomes complicated. Furthermore, it is difficult to form a zinc phosphate coating only in the necessary locations, and the zinc phosphate coating is formed over the entire surface of the part. Furthermore, when the surface after laser beam irradiation is heated to a high temperature, phosphate melts and adheres to it, so that the surface needs to be finished again after laser beam irradiation. Therefore, in the past, a heat treatment method has been proposed in which a graphite powder coating with a particle size of 1 μm or less is formed instead of forming a phosphate coating (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56
−150126, etc.). According to this method, various drawbacks such as cracks in the method for forming a phosphate film can be overcome, but it is still insufficient in terms of effective use of the energy of laser light. An object of the present invention is to provide a laser heat treatment method that eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional techniques described above and makes it possible to effectively utilize the energy of laser light. [Means and effects for solving the problems] In the present invention, when heat-treating the material by irradiating the material surface with a laser beam, a graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder with an average particle size of 1 μm or less is preliminarily applied to the material surface before the heat treatment. It is characterized by forming a layer, and the absorption efficiency of laser light is increased by adding an inorganic oxide, so that the energy of the laser light can be used effectively. In the present invention, the graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder is
For example, it is applied to the surface of the material together with a binder and a volatile solvent and is fixed. Examples of the inorganic oxide include mica, alumina, and silica, with mica being particularly preferred. The mixing ratio of graphite/inorganic oxide is preferably 3/1 to 1/3, particularly 1/1. Further, as the binder, resins such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin are used. Furthermore, solvents such as thinner and methyl ethyl ketone are used as volatile solvents. The coating agent, which consists of a graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder, a binder, and a volatile solvent, dries quickly and can be applied by spraying, so the surface pretreatment operation is extremely simple and takes less time than the known Bonderite treatment. There are advantages. In the present invention, the average particle size of the graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder fixed to the material surface before heat treatment is 1 μm.
Limited to: By using graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder with an average particle size of 1 μm or less, it is possible to form a uniform coating layer on the material surface during spray application, and the graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder can be strengthened with a binder. It has the advantage of being able to be fixed to the surface of the material. It also has the advantage of not clogging the nozzle during spraying. [Example] The present invention will be further described below based on Examples. Coating agents A, B, C, and D shown in Table 1 were sprayed onto the surface of the material [SK3 (1.1% carbon tool steel)] to fix the solid components to the surface of the material. The average particle size of the solid component (graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder for agents A to C, graphite alone for agent D) is 1 μm or less, and the wavelength of the CO 2 laser beam (10.6 μm)
It was less than 1/10 of m).
【表】
上記の如く固型成分を表面に固着させた材料を
次いで焼入れ処理した。第１図はCO2レーザ光１
を材料５の表面２に照射しつつ、レーザ光１を方
向４に走査させたとき焼入れ部３が形成される状
況を示す。また第２図は第１図の−断面にお
ける焼入れ部断面形状を示し、δは焼入れ深さで
ある。
第３図は第１表に示した塗布剤Ａ〜Ｄ剤を材料
表面に塗布し、固形成分を固着させた後、第１図
に示す方法により材料の焼入れを行つた場合の焼
入れ深さを示すものである。焼入れ条件は、ビー
ム出力1.7KW、ビーム走査速度8.3mm／ｓであ
る。なお、第３図には参考のためボンデライト処
理材の焼入れ深さも併記してある。
第３図より、本発明により黒鉛−無機酸化物混
合粉末を固型成分として含有する塗布剤Ａ〜Ｃ剤
を吹き付け塗布した場合の焼入れ深さは、ボンデ
ライト処理を施した場合あるいは、黒鉛粉末のみ
を塗布した場合の焼入れ深さよりもはるかに深い
ことが判明した。すなわち、黒鉛−無機酸化物混
合粉末を材料表面に固着させた場合のレーザ光吸
収率は黒鉛のみを材料表面に固着させた場合およ
びボンデライト処理を施した場合よりも高いこと
が判る。
焼入れ深さは、コーテイングした塗布剤が同一
であつても、熱処理条件が変われば対応して変わ
る。それは、照射するレーザ光の強さ、及びビー
ム走査速度の大小により焼入れ時の表面温度が変
わり、また、レーザ光の吸収効率も変わるからで
ある。
従つて、塗布剤が黒鉛単独である場合に、熱処
理条件を変えることにより焼入れ深さδを第３図
に示した深さ（0.75mm）より大きくすることがで
きる。例えば、ビーム出力は変えず、ビーム走査
速度を５mm／Ｓ（第３図のそれは8.3mm／Ｓ）に
遅くすれば、表面加熱温度が高くなるためδは
0.9mmに増加する。同様に、塗布剤が第３図のＡ
剤（黒鉛＋マイカ）、Ｂ剤（黒鉛＋シリカ）、Ｃ剤
（黒鉛＋アルミナ）であるものについてもビーム
走査速度を５mm／Ｓとすれば、同じくδは1.0→
1.25mm（Ａ剤）、0.9→1.05mm（Ｂ剤）、0.9→1.02
mm（Ｃ剤）に増加する。尚、各塗布剤とアクリル
樹脂との重量比は2.0、無機酸化物と黒鉛の比は
1.0である。すなわち、同一の熱処理条件にすれ
ば、本発明に係る塗布剤を用いればその混入され
た無機酸化物により黒鉛単独のものより焼入れ深
さδは大きくなる。
次に、その使用目的から焼入れ深さδがある
値、例えば0.9mm程度であればよい材料を製造す
る場合について説明する。この場合、塗布剤が黒
鉛単独の場合には、同一ビーム出力（1.7KW）
のとき、ビーム走査速度は５mm／Ｓ程度に低速化
しなければならないが、本発明に係る塗布剤を用
いれば8.3mm／Ｓ程度にビーム走査速度を高速化
することができる。特にマイカを混入した塗布剤
の場合は10mm／Ｓ程度に高速化することができ
る。すなわち、本発明によれば同じ焼入れ深さの
材料を製造する場合、その焼入れ時間を短縮する
ことができる。尚、ビーム走査速度を高速化すれ
ば、その冷却速度も速くすることができるため、
焼入れ部の硬度を高めることができる。次の第２
表に焼入れ深さが0.9mmの場合の、焼入れ部硬度
を第１表に示した塗布剤の各々について示す。[Table] The material on which the solid component was fixed on the surface as described above was then quenched. Figure 1 shows CO 2 laser beam 1
The figure shows a situation where a hardened portion 3 is formed when the laser beam 1 is scanned in the direction 4 while irradiating the surface 2 of the material 5. Moreover, FIG. 2 shows the cross-sectional shape of the hardened portion in the - cross section of FIG. 1, and δ is the hardened depth. Figure 3 shows the hardening depth when the coating agents A to D shown in Table 1 are applied to the surface of the material to fix the solid components, and then the material is hardened by the method shown in Figure 1. It shows. The hardening conditions were a beam output of 1.7 KW and a beam scanning speed of 8.3 mm/s. Note that, for reference, the quenching depth of the bonderite treated material is also shown in FIG. From FIG. 3, it is clear that the quenching depth when spray coating coating agents A to C containing graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder as a solid component according to the present invention is the same when bonderite treatment is applied or only graphite powder is applied. It was found that the quenching depth was much deeper than that when the quenching depth was applied. That is, it can be seen that the laser light absorption rate when the graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder is fixed to the material surface is higher than when only graphite is fixed to the material surface or when bonderite treatment is performed. The depth of quenching will vary depending on the heat treatment conditions even if the coating agent is the same. This is because the surface temperature during hardening changes depending on the intensity of the irradiated laser light and the beam scanning speed, and the absorption efficiency of the laser light also changes. Therefore, when the coating agent is graphite alone, the hardening depth δ can be made larger than the depth (0.75 mm) shown in FIG. 3 by changing the heat treatment conditions. For example, if the beam scanning speed is slowed to 5 mm/S (8.3 mm/S in Figure 3) without changing the beam output, the surface heating temperature will increase, so δ will decrease.
Increases to 0.9mm. Similarly, if the coating agent is A in Figure 3.
For agent (graphite + mica), agent B (graphite + silica), and agent C (graphite + alumina), if the beam scanning speed is 5 mm/S, δ is also 1.0 →
1.25mm (A agent), 0.9→1.05mm (B agent), 0.9→1.02
mm (agent C). The weight ratio of each coating agent to acrylic resin is 2.0, and the ratio of inorganic oxide to graphite is
It is 1.0. That is, under the same heat treatment conditions, if the coating agent according to the present invention is used, the quenching depth δ will be larger than that of graphite alone due to the mixed inorganic oxide. Next, a case will be described in which a material is produced in which the quenching depth δ only needs to be a certain value, for example, about 0.9 mm, depending on its intended use. In this case, if the coating agent is graphite alone, the beam output will be the same (1.7KW)
In this case, the beam scanning speed must be reduced to about 5 mm/S, but if the coating agent according to the present invention is used, the beam scanning speed can be increased to about 8.3 mm/S. In particular, in the case of a coating agent containing mica, the speed can be increased to about 10 mm/S. That is, according to the present invention, when manufacturing materials with the same hardening depth, the hardening time can be shortened. Furthermore, if the beam scanning speed is increased, the cooling speed can also be increased.
The hardness of the hardened part can be increased. next second
The table shows the hardness of the quenched part for each of the coating agents shown in Table 1 when the quench depth is 0.9 mm.
本発明によれば、熱処理前の材料表面に形成す
る粉末層を黒鉛単独ではなく無機酸化物を加えた
黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末層としたので、この無
機酸化物によりレーザ光の吸収効率がより一層高
まり、レーザ光のエネルギーをより一層有効に利
用することができる。すなわち、同一の熱処理条
件にすれば焼入れ深さは黒鉛単独のものより大き
くなり、また、焼入れ深さが同じものを製造する
場合、その焼入れ時間を短縮することができる。
According to the present invention, the powder layer formed on the surface of the material before heat treatment is not graphite alone but a graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder layer containing an inorganic oxide, so that the absorption efficiency of laser light is increased by this inorganic oxide. It is possible to use the energy of the laser beam even more effectively. That is, under the same heat treatment conditions, the hardening depth will be greater than that of graphite alone, and when manufacturing products with the same hardening depth, the hardening time can be shortened.
第１図はレーザ光を材料表面に照射しつつ走査
させたとき焼入れ部が形成される状況を示す斜視
図、第２図は第１図の−断面における焼入れ
部断面形状を示す側面図、第３図は塗布剤Ａ〜Ｄ
剤を材料表面に塗布した後、材料の焼入れを行つ
た場合の焼入れ深さおよびボンデライト処理材の
焼入れ深さを示すグラフである。
１……レーザ光、３……焼入れ部、５……被焼
入れ材料。
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing how a hardened part is formed when a laser beam is irradiated and scanned on the material surface, Fig. 2 is a side view showing the cross-sectional shape of the hardened part in the - cross section of Fig. 1; Figure 3 shows coating agents A to D.
2 is a graph showing the quenching depth when the material is quenched after applying the agent to the surface of the material, and the quenching depth of the bonderite-treated material. 1...Laser light, 3...Hardening section, 5...Material to be hardened.
Claims (1)
るに際して、熱処理前の材料表面に予め平均粒径
１μｍ以下の黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末層を形成
しておくことを特徴とするレーザ熱処理方法。 ２ 前記無機酸化物がマイカ、アルミナ、シリカ
の少なくとも１つからなる特許請求の範囲第１項
記載のレーザ熱処理方法。 ３ 黒鉛−無機酸化物混合粉末をバインダである
アクリル樹脂またはエポキシ樹脂を用いて材料表
面に固着させる特許請求の範囲第１項または第２
項記載のレーザ熱処理方法。[Claims] 1. When heat-treating the material by irradiating the material surface with laser light, a graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder layer with an average particle size of 1 μm or less is previously formed on the material surface before heat treatment. Laser heat treatment method. 2. The laser heat treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic oxide comprises at least one of mica, alumina, and silica. 3. Claims 1 or 2 in which the graphite-inorganic oxide mixed powder is fixed to the material surface using an acrylic resin or epoxy resin as a binder.
Laser heat treatment method described in section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8018580A JPS577251A (en) | 1980-06-16 | 1980-06-16 | Heat treatment with laser |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8018580A JPS577251A (en) | 1980-06-16 | 1980-06-16 | Heat treatment with laser |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS577251A JPS577251A (en) | 1982-01-14 |
| JPS6254166B2 true JPS6254166B2 (en) | 1987-11-13 |
Family
ID=13711301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8018580A Granted JPS577251A (en) | 1980-06-16 | 1980-06-16 | Heat treatment with laser |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS577251A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57181326A (en) * | 1981-04-28 | 1982-11-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser hardening method |
| JPS6130297A (en) * | 1984-07-20 | 1986-02-12 | Ishihara Yakuhin Kk | Laser beam processing method |
| US4708752A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-11-24 | Smith International, Inc. | Process for laser hardening drilling bit cones having hard cutter inserts placed therein |
| JPH01125512A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-05-18 | Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | Exhausted particulate treatment device for diesel engine |
| JP5480203B2 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-04-23 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Surface hardening method for metal members |
| JP2013092150A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-05-16 | Yanmar Co Ltd | Surface hardening method for valve seat of cast-iron cylinder head for internal combustion engine |
| JP6118625B2 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2017-04-19 | 友鉄工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of press mold |
| WO2017150908A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-08 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Method for forming coating film having high heat resistance, high hardness and abrasion resistance, coating film having high heat resistance, high hardness and abrasion resistance, and cutting tool comprising same |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56150126A (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1981-11-20 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Heat treatment |
-
1980
- 1980-06-16 JP JP8018580A patent/JPS577251A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS577251A (en) | 1982-01-14 |
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