JPS6255073B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for opening and closing a container suspended from a crane.

When supplying scraps to an electric furnace, a large capacity bucket containing scraps is lifted by an overhead crane, the opening and closing of the lifted bucket is opened at the inlet to the electric furnace, and the scraps in the bucket are fed into the electric furnace. are doing.

In order to open and close the opening/closing port of this bucket, a conventional overhead crane is used as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
It has a main club 2 and an auxiliary club 3 that can freely move laterally on the traveling girder 1, and the main club 2 has a main hoisting device 4.
The auxiliary club 3 has an auxiliary hoisting device 5. A main hoisting rope 6 hanging from the main hoisting device 4 suspends a bucket bag 8 via a main hook 7. A beam 11 is suspended from an auxiliary hoisting rope 9 hanging from an auxiliary hoisting device 5 via an auxiliary hook 10. Ropes 13 and 14 are attached to both ends of the beam 11.

Conventionally, after hoisting the bucket 8 with such an overhead crane, the bottom doors 15 and 16 of the bucket 8 were opened.
To open and close by rotating up and down around the shafts 17 and 18, first, when opening, run the auxiliary club 3 under the main club 2 and insert it, then insert each rope 1.
3 and 14 are hooked onto the bottom doors 15 and 16 by the hands of a worker on the ground. After that, when the auxiliary hoisting rope 9 is hoisted up by the auxiliary hoisting device 5, each rope 1
3, 14 and the bottom door 15, 1
6 rotates around shafts 17 and 18 and opens. Also,
When closing, the procedure is reversed, and at this time, the bottom doors 15, 16 are rotated around the shafts 17, 18 in the opposite direction due to their own weight.

According to such a conventional example, a worker who approaches the bucket 8 manually pulls each rope 13, 14 each time.
This was both inefficient and dangerous.

An object of the present invention is to easily and safely open and close the door of a container lifted by a crane.

The key point of the present invention is that a main hook that can be horizontally rotated and an auxiliary hook that can be adjusted horizontally are attached to a suspension beam suspended from a crane, and a container lifted by the main hook can be opened and closed by the horizontal rotation action of the main hook. The purpose of this method is to orient the engaging part of the auxiliary hook toward the auxiliary hook, and then bring the auxiliary hook closer to the engaging area by adjusting the horizontal movement of the auxiliary hook, and automatically pull up the opening/closing door of the container. .

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, support shafts 21 are fixed to both ends of the suspension beam 20. A plurality of rope sheaves 22 are rotatably attached to each support shaft 21. A main hoisting rope 23 of an overhead crane is hung on the rope sheave 22, and the hanging beam 20 is hoisted in a horizontal state by this main hoisting rope 23.

As shown in FIG. 9, a main hook 24 is attached to the intermediate portion of the suspension beam 20 so as to be freely pivotable horizontally. When installing, we want to allow the main hook 24 that hangs the bucket 60 to swing and eliminate the generation of excessive force, so we attach the trunnion 7 to the hanging beam 20 as shown in Figure 9.
The main hook 24 is supported by the bearing 25, and the motor 26 supported by the frame 68 attached to the trunnion 66 is attached to the main hook 24.
It may be connected to the upper end using spline teeth 29 and 30. According to this, the main hook 24 is the trunnion 71
The main hook 24 can be swung around the axis 69, and even if the bucket 60 shakes, no excessive force will be transmitted to the hanging beam 20 side, making it safe.The main hook 24 can be swung and hooked onto the bucket 60 easily. occurs.

Two sets of auxiliary hoisting devices are attached to the suspension beam 20, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one of the auxiliary hoisting devices includes a motor 31 fixed to the hanging beam 20, and a reducer 3 connected to the rotational output shaft of the motor 31 and fixed to the hanging beam 20.
2, and a rope winding drum 33 fixed to the output shaft of this reducer 32. Therefore, when the motor 31 is rotated, its rotational force is transmitted to the rope winding drum 33 via the reducer 32, and the rope winding drum 33 can be rotated. If the motor 31 is reversed, the rope winding drum 33 can also be reversed. The other auxiliary hoisting device, like the one auxiliary hoisting device, has a motor 34 connected to a rope winding drum 36 via a speed reducer 35, and its installation direction is as shown in FIG. It is constructed in the opposite way to the upper device.

One end of an auxiliary hoisting rope 37 is wound and fixed on the rope winding drum 33, and the rope winding drum 36
One end of an auxiliary hoisting rope 38 is wound around and fixed to the auxiliary hoisting rope 38. In the middle of the auxiliary hoisting rope 37 is the auxiliary hook 39.
Rope sheave 41 via rope sheave 40 of
pass through. This rope sheave 41 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, it is installed on a hanging beam 20 so that it can rotate freely. The other end of the auxiliary hoisting rope 37 that has passed through the rope sheave 41 is connected to the rope socket 4 as shown in FIG.
Fixed to 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the rope socket 42 is attached to the suspension beam 20 so as to be able to move up and down via a coil spring 44 fitted to a set bolt 43 fixed to the rope socket 42. The same goes for the other auxiliary hoisting rope 38, which is first unwound from the rope take-up drum 36, passes through the rope sheave 46 of the auxiliary hook 45, passes through the rope sheave 47 on the suspension beam 20, and is moved up and down to the suspension beam by a coil spring. The other end of the auxiliary hoisting rope 38 is fixedly connected to a freely movable rope socket 48.

As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, each support shaft 21
A swing beam 12 is attached to each of the swing beams 12 through a bearing 49 so as to be freely rotatable around a support shaft 21, and the support shaft is shared with the rope sheave 22 for a simple structure. As shown in FIG. 7, one horizontal support shaft 50 is attached to the swing end portion of each swing beam 12, and two rope sheaves 51 are rotatably attached to each support shaft 50. ing. As shown in Figure 5, the left rope sheave 5
The auxiliary hoisting rope 37 is partially passed through the rope sheave 51 on the right side, and the auxiliary hoisting rope 38 is partially passed through the rope sheave 51 on the right side.

Each swing beam 12 has a connecting beam 52 in the middle,
It is fixed as shown in Figure 7.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hanging beam 20 has an electric cylinder 54 attached to the shaft 53 so as to freely rotate up and down. The electric cylinder 54 has a bracket 55 pivoted on the end of the telescopic rod.
5 is pressed against the joint beam 52. A set bolt 56 fixed to the bracket 55 is freely inserted into and removed from the connecting beam 52. A coil spring 57 is fitted into the set bolt 56, and the coil spring 57 is connected to each spring receiver 58, 5 between the joint beam 52 and a nut 58 screwed into the set bolt 56.
It is set between 9 and 9. For this reason, the joint beam 52
The swinging beam 48 integrated with this is the bracket 55.
It is possible to move away from the coil spring 57 by the amount of expansion and contraction of the coil spring 57. The connection configuration as shown in FIG. 6 is the same for each of the left and right swing beams 48. 65 is a stopper fixed to the suspension beam 20 so as to face the swing beam 12.

The bucket bag 60 shown in FIG. 1 has an engaging portion 61 that is hooked onto the main hook 24. The bottom doors 62 and 70 of the bucket bag 60 are designed to open in half as shown by dotted lines, and the bottom door 70 can be freely rotated around a shaft 63 fixed to the side of the bag bag 60. is the shaft 6 fixed to the side of the bucket 60.
4. It is attached so that it can rotate freely. bottom door 62,
Pins 65 and 66 are fixed to the outer ends of 70 as engaging portions on which the auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 are hooked. For this reason, the pins 65 and 66 are provided with auxiliary hooks 39,
45 and pull up each bottom door 61,
62 is designed to open by rotating upward around each axis 63, 64.

A mounting structure for rotating the main hook 24 can also be provided as shown in FIG. That is, the main hook 24 is attached to the lower part of the hanging beam 20 via a thrust bearing 25 so as to be freely pivotable horizontally, and the motor 26 is fixed to the upper part of the hanging beam 20 via a reducer 27, and the output shaft 28 of the reducer 27 and The upper end of the main hook 24 is connected to the main hook 24 by spline teeth 29 and 30. Therefore, when the motor 26 is rotated, the rotational force is transmitted to the main hook 24 via the reducer 27, so that the main hook 24 can turn in any direction and change its direction.

Although not shown, each motor 26, 31,
34 operation switches are installed in the operator's cab of the crane, and each motor can be started and stopped by wire from the operator's cab.

In this embodiment, the bucket 60 is
, and open the bottom doors 61 and 62.

First, the tip of the main hook 24 is directed toward the engaging portion 61 of the bucket bag 60. This operation is accomplished by rotating the motor 26. That is,
When the motor 26 rotates, its rotational force is transmitted from the reducer 27 to the main hook 24 via the spline teeth 29 and 30, and the main hook 24 is supported by the thrust bearing 25 and rotates horizontally. The turning action is performed by stopping the drive of the motor 26 when the tip of the main hook 24 faces the engaging portion 61.
Thereafter, the hanging beam 20 is moved or the engaging part 61 is moved, and the main hook 24 is hooked on the engaging part 61.

After completing the work of hooking the main hook 24 to the bucket cart 60, when the main hoisting rope 23 is wound up and the hanging beam 20 is raised, the bucket cart 60 is also suspended by the main hook 24 and raised to a predetermined height. While maintaining this raised position, the bucket 60 is transported to the inlet of the electric furnace by an overhead crane.

After transportation, open the bottom doors 62, 70 of the bucket 60.
When opening, use pins 65 and 66 of bucket 60.
39, 45. This operation is accomplished by horizontally pivoting the main hook 24. That is, the rotational force of the motor 26 is transmitted to the main hook 24 via the spline teeth 29, 30, and the main hook 24 is horizontally turned by the rotational force of the motor 26. When the main hook 24 turns horizontally, the bucket tote 60 suspended in the air by the main hook 24 also turns horizontally, so that the pin 65 faces toward the auxiliary hook 39 and the pin 66 faces toward the auxiliary hook 45. The motor 26 is stopped when the pivoting positions of the pins 65 and 66 face the auxiliary hooks 65 and 66.

Once the pivoting positions of the pins 65 and 66 have been determined in this manner, the operation of hooking the auxiliary hook 39 to the pin 65 and the other auxiliary hook 45 to the pin 66 is performed. This operation begins with adjusting the vertical height positions of each of the auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 to the vicinity of the height of each pin 65 and 66. This work is done for each motor 31, 3.
4 to rotate each rope winding drum 33, 36, each auxiliary winding rope o37,
This is done by raising or letting out the 38. By winding up or letting out the auxiliary hoisting ropes 37, 38, the vertical positions of the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 are displaced, and the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 are aligned with the heights of the pins 65, 66. After performing this alignment work, work is performed to move each auxiliary hook 39, 45 toward the bucket bag 60 side. This work is performed using the electric cylinder 54.
This is accomplished by extending the swinging beam 12 and rotating the swinging beam 12 upward around the support shaft 21. When the swinging beam 12 rotates upward, the rope sheave 51 attached to the swinging beam 12 is displaced to the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. The compensation hooks 39, 45 are moved by the pins 65, 6 by the amount of the horizontal displacement component accompanying this displacement.
6 side toward the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. When the respective auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 are readjusted up and down in the applied state, the pin 65 becomes the auxiliary hook 39, and the pin 66 becomes the auxiliary hook 45.
be hooked to. Note that the tips of the auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 must be directed toward the bucket cart 60, so the auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 can be fixed to the trunnions 71 of the auxiliary hooks shown in FIG. Make it face in the 60 direction.

In this way, attach the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 to the pins 65, 6.
6, the bottom doors 62, 70 are opened. This operation is accomplished by rotating each rope winding drum 33, 36 with the rotational force of the motors 31, 34 to wind up each auxiliary hoisting rope 37, 38. When each auxiliary hoisting rope 37, 38 is hoisted up, the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 rise while being hooked on the pins 65, 66, so that the bottom door 70 is centered on the shaft 63, and the bottom door 62 is centered on the shaft 63. The bottom doors 62 and 70 open as indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 3. Therefore, the scraps in the bucket 60 are thrown into the electric furnace.

Although we explained that the work of hooking the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 to the pins 65, 66 should be done above the inlet of the electric furnace, it should be done immediately after lifting the bucket 60 slightly off the ground using the main hook 24. Also good.

When removing the reinforcing hooks 39, 45 from the pins 65, 66, the procedure for hooking them is reversed. At this time, the bottom doors 62, 70 rotate downward due to their own weight and automatically close.

In this way, since the vertical and horizontal position adjustment of each auxiliary hoist 39, 45 is performed from the hanging beam 20 which is closest to the bucket belt 60, the necessary hanging length of each auxiliary hoisting rope 37, 38 is extremely short. can. Therefore, even if the auxiliary hoisting ropes 37 and 38 swing due to swinging of the swinging beam 12 or swinging movement of the hanging beam 20, the amplitude is small and the hooking workability is good. In addition, each supplementary hook 3
Since the mutual distance between the buckets 9 and 45 can be expanded and contracted by the movement of the swing beam 12, there is no problem even if the bucket bags 60 have different sizes.

The swinging beam 12 can rotate upward until it hits the stopper 65, but preferably, the period before it hits the stopper 65 is the normal swinging region by the electric cylinder 54, and the usage between the stops 65 is explained below. It is better to leave it for.

This method of use is such that when the bottom doors 62, 70 are lifted by the auxiliary hooks 39, 45, the tension of each auxiliary hoisting rope 37, 38 increases, and the resultant force in the direction of the rope sheave 51 of this increased tension is The purpose is to rotate the swinging beam 12 upwardly against the coil spring 57. In this way, even if the lifting load suddenly increases, the swing beam 12 and the electric cylinder 54
Not only is it safe because there is no direct impact on the sides, but the upward rotation of the swinging beam 12 moves the rope sheave 51 closer to the center of the hanging beam 20, so the auxiliary hooks 39 and 45 can be moved closer to the bucket 60 side. This effect eliminates the accident of the auxiliary hooks 39, 45 coming off during work.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, in consideration of safety, the ends of each of the auxiliary hoisting ropes 37, 38 are made vertically movable by coil springs 44, as shown in FIG. This allows the coil spring 44 to contract and absorb the overload when the auxiliary hoisting ropes 37, 38 receive an overload due to the auxiliary foot 60 being caught on a portion other than the pins 65, 66. This prevents damage to each auxiliary hoisting device on the suspension beam 20.

As described above, according to the present invention, the door and the auxiliary hook can be opened by attaching the auxiliary hook for opening the container door vertically and horizontally from the suspension beam close to the container lifted by the main hook that can be driven horizontally. The main hook can be rotated horizontally to align the main hook, and the auxiliary hook can be automatically hooked onto the door from a position close to the container, improving the efficiency of opening the container and reducing the work on the ground. Since there is no need for personnel to approach the container, safety is also improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an overall view of a conventional overhead crane that lifts, opens and closes containers, and Figure 2 is A of Figure 1.
-A sectional view, FIG. 3 is an overall view of the hanging beam portion on which the bucket bag is hung, which is an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a top view of the hanging beam shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. An overall view of a suspension beam during non-lifting work according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 6. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line D--D in FIG. 5 in another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line D--D in FIG. 5. 12... Swinging beam, 20... Hanging beam, 2
1,50...Support shaft, 23...Main hoisting rope, 2
4... Main hook, 25... Thrust bearing,
26, 31, 34... motor, 33, 36...
Rope winding drum, 37, 38... Auxiliary hoisting rope, 39, 45... Auxiliary hook, 41, 47, 51
...Rope sheave, 44,57...Coil spring,
54...Electric cylinder, 60...Bucket, 6
1... Engaging portion, 62, 70... Bottom door, 65,
66...pin, 69...shaft, 71...trunnion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main hook is attached to the center of a suspension beam lifted by a crane so that it can freely rotate horizontally, a rotary drive machine is connected to the main hook, and a rope guide wheel is installed at a part of the suspension beam that is distant from the main hook, so as to move near and far from the main hook. a moving drive device is interposed between the rope guide wheel and the suspension beam, a auxiliary hook is attached to the rope hanging down through the rope guide wheel, and the rope is installed on the suspension beam. A crane hanging container opening device that is attached to an auxiliary hoisting device.