JPS6255076B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Various types of heat exchangers have been used in the past for transferring heat from high-temperature gas to low-temperature gas.

A typical example is a heat storage device in which a large number of thin metal plates are housed in a cylindrical container in the axial direction, which is rotated and brought into contact with high temperature gas and low temperature gas alternately, thereby transferring heat. There is a type of rotary heat exchanger.

This rotary heat exchanger has high performance and has been widely used in the past, but the many thin metal plates that make up the heat transfer elements quickly oxidize and thin when exposed to extremely high temperatures, and are corrosive. When exposed to highly obstructive gases, it may corrode, wear out, or become clogged.
It has drawbacks such as being difficult to apply and requiring special measures.

In addition, conventional fluidized bed heat exchangers include fixed fluidized bed heat exchangers that heat the fluid inside the metal tubes by arranging metal tubes with fins within the fluidized bed, but gas-to-gas heat exchangers When subjected to heat exchange, the heat exchange performance is low and it is not practical.

The present invention provides a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger that compensates for the drawbacks of conventional gas-to-gas heat exchangers, has high heat exchange performance, has low oxidation thickness loss and corrosion loss, and does not cause clogging. It provides equipment.

That is, in the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger of the first invention of the present application, a fan-shaped space is formed by arranging a large number of partition plates radially from a rotor shaft oriented almost vertically,
A perforated plate is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space, and particles are filled in the fan-shaped space on the perforated plate to form a fluidized bed of 20 cm or less, and the particles are brought close to the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor. 2 on the casing so as to cross the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft.
A semi-cylindrical high temperature gas side flow path and a low temperature gas side flow path are formed by arranging two sector plates, and a high temperature gas inlet duct is connected to the lower part of the high temperature gas side flow path, and a high temperature gas outlet is connected to the upper part of the high temperature gas side flow path. Connect the ducts, while
A low temperature gas inlet duct is connected to the lower part of the low temperature gas side flow path, and a low temperature gas outlet duct is connected to the upper part, and an axial seal is installed on the outward extension of the partition plate, and the high temperature gas side flow of the casing is connected to the low temperature gas inlet duct. An axial seal plate with an arcuate surface is placed at the boundary between the flow path and the low-temperature gas side flow path, and both axial seals and the axial seal plate are brought into sliding contact with each other, and radial seals are installed at the upper and lower ends of the partition plate. The rotor shaft is brought into sliding contact with each of the sector plates, center seals are provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft, and circumferential seals are further provided on the casing at positions corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the rotor. be.

Further, the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger of the second invention of the present application is the heat exchanger of the first invention, in which the heat exchangers are arranged in upper and lower stages and the rotor shafts are interconnected, Provide the first inlet duct for cold gas at the bottom of the top heat exchanger, connect the cold gas outlet duct of the top heat exchanger to the cold gas inlet duct of the bottom heat exchanger, and connect the cold gas inlet duct of the top heat exchanger to the cold gas inlet duct of the bottom heat exchanger. A final outlet duct for cold gas is provided in the upper part of the duct.

Furthermore, a rotary fluidized bed heat exchanger according to a third invention of the present application is the heat exchanger according to the first invention, characterized in that a brush is disposed below the perforated plate and brought into contact with the perforated plate. It is also characterized in that the brushes are moved back and forth in the radial direction of the rotor.

The details of the present invention will be explained below based on examples and with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention of the present application.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, an appropriate number of partition plates 6 are arranged radially around a rotor shaft 17 that is oriented substantially vertically. A perforated plate 18 is arranged at the bottom of the fan-shaped space formed by these partition plates 6. The partition plate 6 and the perforated plate 18 constitute a cylindrical rotor 5. Above rotor shaft 1
A support shaft 7 is provided above and below the support shaft 7 in a protruding manner. The fan-shaped space above the perforated plate 18 of the rotor 5 is filled with an appropriate amount of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant particles (for example, sand) with an average particle diameter of about 1 mm, which is necessary to form a fluidized bed. ing.

A casing 8 surrounds the rotor 5. Two sector plates 9, 9 are disposed in the casing 8 so as to be close to the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor 5 and to cross the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft 17 to form a semi-cylindrical high temperature gas side flow path. Form a low temperature gas side flow path.

Therefore, the high temperature gas introduced from the high temperature gas inlet duct 1 flows in as shown at 21, enters from below the perforated plate 18 as shown in 22, fluidizes the particles to form the high temperature side fluidized bed 19, and then The high temperature gas flows out from the outlet duct 2 as shown in 23. During this time, the high-temperature gas imparts heat to the particles, which are the constituent elements of the pyrometric fluidized bed 19, and is cooled. The height of this fluidized bed 19 is 20
Centimeters or less.

A separately installed drive device (not shown) rotates the support shaft 7 as shown in 15, and rotates the rotor as shown in 16.
By rotating the fluidized bed 19 on the high temperature side, the heated particles are moved to the low temperature gas side.

The low-temperature gas introduced from the low-temperature gas inlet duct 3 flows in as shown at 24 and from below the perforated plate 18 at 25.
The moved particles are fluidized to form a low temperature side fluidized bed 20, and then flowed out from the low temperature gas outlet duct 4 as shown at 26. During this time, the low temperature gas is heated by the particles of the low temperature side fluidized bed 20. The height of this fluidized bed 20 is 20 centimeters or less.

Therefore, the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention of the present application uses heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant particles instead of a large number of thin metal plates as heat transfer elements compared to conventional rotary heat exchangers. It has the advantage that it is effective against extremely high temperatures and highly corrosive gases, and because the particles are fluid, it is difficult for deposits to accumulate, and it can be applied to gases that are highly occluded. .

Additionally, compared to conventional fixed fluidized bed heat exchangers, the surfaces of individual particles serve as heat transfer surfaces instead of metal tubes, ensuring a large heat transfer surface for both high and low temperature gases. This has the advantage of providing high heat exchange performance.

On the other hand, another notable feature of the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the present invention is that it uses a shallow fluidized bed with a height of 20 centimeters or less. In equipment that uses a fluidized bed that has been commonly used in the past, the height of the fluidized bed is often 100 cm or more, and in such a deep fluidized bed, the pressure loss of the gas passing through it is In general, it has been extremely difficult to use it as a gas-to-gas heat exchanger. In addition, in a conventional deep fluidized bed, there is a large pressure difference between the bottom of the bed, that is, the top surface of the perforated plate, and the top surface of the bed, so the gas ejected from the perforated plate is initially compressed and becomes small bubbles. However, as it rises in the fluidized bed, it expands and becomes large bubbles that burst on the bed surface, which has the disadvantage that particles are blown up and scattered outside the device.

On the other hand, in a shallow fluidized bed of 20 cm or less, such as that employed in the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention, the gas pressure loss is generally acceptable for a heat exchanger. At the same time, there is an advantage in that the scattering of particles due to the bursting of bubbles can be kept at a level so small that it does not pose a practical problem.

Therefore, conventional deep fluidized beds required a huge empty column above the fluidized bed as a measure to prevent particles from scattering, which had the disadvantage of making the equipment extremely large. The rotary fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the invention has the great advantage that the void above the fluidized bed can be small, and the size of the device can be made very small.

Furthermore, another feature of the first invention is that an axial sealing device is provided to prevent mixing of high temperature gas and low temperature gas. The ratio of the vertical height to the diameter of the rotor 5 of the rotary fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention is extremely small compared to the conventional rotary heat exchanger because of the shallow fluidized bed as described above.

Therefore, there is a risk that the higher pressure gas leaks through the cylindrical outer circumference of the rotor 5 through the gap in the casing 8 to the lower pressure gas side. A plate-shaped axial seal 12 is attached on the extension line, and an axial seal plate 13 having an arcuate surface is arranged at both gas boundary portions of the casing 8 in opposition to the movement of the axial seal 12.

In addition, sector plates 9 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the partition plate 6 in order to prevent high pressure gas from leaking to the low pressure gas side.
A center seal 14 is attached to the upper and lower ends of the plate-shaped radial seal 10 and the rotor shaft 17 facing the surface of the rotor 5, and a center seal 14 is attached to the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the rotor 5 in order to prevent gas bypass. A circumferential seal 11 is attached to each of the parts 8 and 8.

In the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention,
Since the temperature of the fluidized bed is uniform with almost no temperature difference between the upper and lower parts, there is almost no thermal deformation due to the high temperature and low temperature parts as in the rotor of a conventional rotary heat exchanger, and the temperature is almost uniform. Since thermal deformation occurs in a direct and linear manner, the degree of sealing of each sealing device is also extremely high compared to conventional types.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the second invention of the present application, and is a sectional view of an example in which the rotor is in two stages.

In this embodiment, the hot gas inlet duct 27
The high-temperature gas introduced from 49 flows into 5
After passing through the lower rotor 31 as shown at 0, the gas passes through the upper rotor 32 as shown at 51, and flows out from the hot gas outlet duct 28 as shown at 52.

During this time, the high-temperature gas gives heat to the particles in the lower fluidized bed 39 and is cooled, and also gives heat to the particles in the upper fluidized bed 40 to be further cooled.

On the other hand, the low temperature gas introduced from the low temperature gas inlet duct 29 flows in as shown in 53, passes through the upper stage rotor 32 as shown in 54, and then flows out as shown in 55. The gas after passing through the upper rotor 32 is transferred to the lower rotor 31.
A separately installed communication duct (not shown) is installed so that the flow flows into the lower part of the
6, passes through the lower rotor 31 as shown in 57, and flows into the low temperature gas outlet duct 3 as shown in 58.
Outflows from 0.

The lower rotor 31 and the upper rotor 32 connected by a connecting shaft 34 are rotated about a support shaft 33 by a separately installed drive device (not shown).

The particles heated on the high temperature gas side are transferred to the rotor 3.
1 and 32, the low temperature gas is heated by the particles in the upper fluidized bed 40, and further heated by the particles in the lower fluidized bed 39. be done.

In addition, 35 is a casing, 36 is a low temperature side partition plate,
37 is a lower perforated plate, 38 is an upper perforated plate, 41 is an upper fluidized bed on the low temperature side, 42 is a lower fluidized bed on the low temperature side, 43
44 is the lower sector plate, 44 is the upper sector plate, 45 is the lower circumferential seal, 46 is the upper circumferential seal, 47 is the lower center seal, 48 is the upper center seal, and 59 is the rotation direction of the support shaft. The structure is almost the same as the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1-3.

According to the second invention, the theoretical maximum temperature efficiency that can be achieved when the number of stages of the rotor is one is 50%, but it is possible to obtain a temperature efficiency exceeding 50%. Naturally, the higher the number of stages, the higher the efficiency can be obtained, but since the relationship between the two is exponential, even if the number of stages is increased beyond a certain point, the increase in efficiency is small and it is not economical. Or there are many cases of about 4 stages.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the third invention of the present application.

A perforated plate 61 is placed on the bottom surface of the rotor 60, and a brush 66 is placed on the bottom of the casing 63.
If the brushes 66 are placed in the radial direction of the rotor 60, the rotor 60 is rotated, the brush 66 is brought into contact with the rotor 60, and the brushes 66 are moved back and forth in the radial direction of the rotor 60 as shown in 68, the entire surface of the perforated plate 61 can be cleaned and clogged. .

The other configuration of the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger of this embodiment is the same as that of the rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger of the first and second embodiments of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 above.

Incidentally, if the brushes 66 are arranged continuously along the radius of the rotor 60, a device such as the brush 68 that does not require reciprocating movement can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the first invention of the present application, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of an embodiment of a rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to the third invention of the present application. 1... High temperature gas inlet duct, 2... High temperature gas outlet duct, 3... Low temperature gas inlet duct, 4... Low temperature gas outlet duct, 5... Rotor, 6... Partition plate, 8... Casing, 9... ... Sector plate, 10 ... Radial seal, 11 ... Circumferential seal, 12 ... Axial seal, 13 ... Axial plate, 14 ... Center seal, 17 ...
...Rotor shaft, 18...Perforated plate, 66...Brush.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fan-shaped space is formed by radially arranging a large number of partition plates 6 from a rotor shaft 17 oriented substantially vertically, and a perforated plate 18 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space. The fan-shaped space on the perforated plate 18 is filled with particles to form a fluidized bed of 20 cm or less, and the particles are brought close to the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor 5 and across the upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft 17. Two sector plates 9, 9 are arranged in the casing 8 to form a semi-cylindrical high temperature gas side flow path and a low temperature gas side flow path, and a high temperature gas inlet duct 1 is provided at the bottom of the high temperature gas side flow path. and a high-temperature gas outlet duct 2 is connected to the upper part, while a low-temperature gas inlet duct 3 is connected to the lower part of the low-temperature gas side flow path, and a low-temperature gas outlet duct 4 is connected to the upper part,
An axial seal 12 is installed on the outward extension of the partition plate 6, and an axial seal plate 13 having an arcuate surface is arranged at the boundary between the high temperature gas side flow path and the low temperature gas side flow path of the casing 8. Both axial seals 12 and the axial seal plate 13 are brought into sliding contact with each other, radial seals 10 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the partition plate 6 and brought into sliding contact with each of the sector plates 9, and the rotor shaft 1
A rotary fluidized bed heat exchanger characterized in that center seals 14 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotor 7, and circumferential seals 11 are further provided in the casing 8 at positions corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the rotor 5. 2 A large number of partition plates 6 are arranged radially from the rotor shaft 17 oriented almost vertically to form a fan-shaped space, a perforated plate 18 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space, and a perforated plate 18 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space. The fan-shaped space is filled with particles to form a fluidized bed of 20 cm or less. Sector plates 9, 9 are arranged to form a semi-cylindrical high temperature gas side flow path and a low temperature gas side flow path, and the high temperature gas inlet duct 1 is connected to the lower part of the high temperature gas side flow path, and the high temperature gas inlet duct 1 is connected to the upper part of the high temperature gas side flow path. A gas outlet duct 2 is connected, while a low temperature gas inlet duct 3 is connected to the lower part of the low temperature gas side flow path, and a low temperature gas outlet duct 4 is connected to the upper part,
An axial seal 12 is installed on the outward extension of the partition plate 6, and an axial seal plate 13 having an arcuate surface is arranged at the boundary between the high temperature gas side flow path and the low temperature gas side flow path of the casing 8. Both axial seals 12 and the axial seal plate 13 are brought into sliding contact with each other, radial seals 10 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the partition plate 6 and brought into sliding contact with each of the sector plates 9, and the rotor shaft 1
In a heat exchanger in which center seals 14 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotor 5, and circumferential seals 11 are further provided in the casing 8 at positions corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the rotor 5, the heat exchanger is arranged in upper and lower stages. The rotor shafts 17 are arranged in such a manner that the first inlet duct for cold gas is provided at the bottom of the uppermost heat exchanger, and the cold gas outlet duct of the upper heat exchanger is connected to the lower temperature of the lower heat exchanger. A rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger, which is connected to a gas inlet duct and is provided with a final outlet duct for low-temperature gas at the top of the lowest heat exchanger. 3 A large number of partition plates 6 are arranged radially from the rotor shaft 17 oriented almost vertically to form a fan-shaped space, a perforated plate 18 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space, and a perforated plate 18 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the fan-shaped space. The fan-shaped space is filled with particles to form a fluidized bed of 20 cm or less. Sector plates 9, 9 are arranged to form a semi-cylindrical high temperature gas side flow path and a low temperature gas side flow path, and the high temperature gas inlet duct 1 is connected to the lower part of the high temperature gas side flow path, and the high temperature gas inlet duct 1 is connected to the upper part of the high temperature gas side flow path. A gas outlet duct 2 is connected, while a low temperature gas inlet duct 3 is connected to the lower part of the low temperature gas side flow path, and a low temperature gas outlet duct 4 is connected to the upper part,
An axial seal 12 is installed on the outward extension of the partition plate 6, and an axial seal plate 13 having an arcuate surface is arranged at the boundary between the high temperature gas side flow path and the low temperature gas side flow path of the casing 8. Both the axial seals 12 and the axial seal plate 13 are brought into sliding contact with each other, and the radial seals 10 are attached to the upper and lower ends of the partition plate 6 and brought into sliding contact with each of the sector plates 9, 9, and the rotor shaft 1
In the heat exchanger, a center seal 14 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the rotor 5, and a circumferential seal 11 is further provided in the casing 8 at positions corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the outer periphery of the rotor 5. 66
A rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger characterized in that a rotary fluidized bed heat exchanger is arranged so as to be in contact with a perforated plate 18. 4. The rotating fluidized bed heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the brush 66 is reciprocated in the radial direction of the rotor 5.