JPS6255259B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a multi-stage collector type electron beam tube in which the collector is configured in multiple stages in order to improve efficiency among electron beam tubes having a collector that ultimately captures the electron beam that has contributed to the amplification effect. Regarding.

In an electron beam tube such as a traveling wave tube, the electron beam emitted from the electron gun is captured by the collector after being amplified at high frequency in the high frequency circuit section.In order to improve efficiency, multiple collectors are used. Various types of individually divided electron beam tubes have been considered.
It is true that if the number of collector divisions is increased and voltages that are sequentially lower than the high-frequency circuit voltage are applied to each collector individually as the distance from the high-frequency circuit increases, the electron beams involved in the high-frequency amplification effect will be speed-sorted by the collector. be captured. That is, the efficiency is improved because the slow electron beam is captured by the high potential collector and the fast electron beam is captured by the low potential collector. However, in order to divide the collector into multiple pieces, it is necessary to electrically insulate each collector, and in order to cool each collector, a heat sink that is electrically insulated from the ground point is attached to the outer periphery of each collector. Therefore, the structure of the collector part becomes complicated, and it is difficult to provide sufficient electrical insulation between each collector and the ground point. It also had drawbacks such as an increase in the size and weight of the collector section including the heat sink. In particular, when the collector is divided into three or more stages, the above-mentioned drawbacks become noticeable.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electron beam tube having a collector divided into a plurality of parts, in which the plurality of collectors are electrically insulated from a grounding point. An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage collector type electron beam tube which can obtain a sufficient cooling effect by effectively transmitting heat generated in the collector to the outside.

According to the present invention, an electron gun that generates an electron beam, a high-frequency circuit unit that performs high-frequency interaction, a magnetic field focusing device that focuses the electron beam, and a magnetic field focusing device that captures the electron beam after the interaction has taken place. A multi-stage collector type electron beam tube comprising a plurality of collectors insulated from one end of the high-frequency circuit section through a plurality of cylindrical insulating stones. A metal cylinder is disposed at each end of the outer periphery, and a plurality of collectors and the metal cylinders to which high voltage is applied are surrounded by the outer periphery cylinder, which serves as a grounding point and extends from one end of the high-frequency circuit section. A characteristic multi-stage collector type electron beam tube is obtained.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a traveling wave tube embodying the present invention, which includes an electron gun 1, a high frequency circuit section (slow wave circuit) 2, a high frequency input section 3, a high frequency output section 4, a magnetic field focusing device 5, etc. The collector 6 is divided into four stages. Thus, the collector 6 includes a first collector 11, a second collector 12, a third collector 13,
It is divided into a fourth collector 14 in the axial direction, and is electrically insulated from each other via a cylindrical insulating stone 15. Further, the first collector 11 and the high frequency circuit section 2 are also electrically insulated from each other via the cylindrical insulating stone 15. The collector 6 is made of copper, molybdenum, etc., which has good thermal conductivity and a high melting point temperature, and the cylindrical insulating stone 15 is made of perilia ceramic, which is dense and has good thermal conductivity among insulating stones.
Alternatively, it is made of alumina ceramic, and both end faces of the cylindrical insulating stone 15 are metallized, and the first collector 11 to the fourth collector 14 are bonded to each other by brazing and vacuum-sealed. The outer peripheral parts of the first collector 11 to the fourth collector 14 are made to protrude from the cylindrical insulating stone 15.
The outer diameters of the first collector 11 to the fourth collector 14 are made smaller in order by providing intervals, and the protruding parts of the first collector 11 to the fourth collector 14 are made of metal cylinders (for example, molybdenum, copper, etc.) 16, 1.
7, 18, and 19 are each attached by welding or the like. The metal cylinders 16, 17, 18, 19 are surrounded by an outer cylinder (for example, copper, stainless steel, etc.) 20 extending around the outer periphery of the end 7 of the high frequency circuit section 2, and the end of the outer cylinder 20 is surrounded by a metal plate ( For example, it is sealed with copper, stainless steel) 21. metal plate 21
A higher voltage lead wire 22 is taken out, and the first to fourth collectors 11, 12,
Voltage is supplied to 13 and 14.

In such an electron beam tube, the electron beam emitted from the electron gun 1 is focused by the magnetic field focusing device 5, passes through the central axis of the high frequency circuit section 2,
During this time, an amplification effect is performed by interaction with the high frequency applied from the high frequency input section 3, and a high frequency output is taken out from the high frequency output section 4. However, since there are variations in the speed of the electron beam that has undergone high-frequency amplification, the electron beam is transferred to the first to fourth collectors 11, 12, 1 depending on the speed of the electron beam.
Captured on either 3 or 14. In this case, the heat generated in the first to fourth collectors 11, 12, 13, 14 is conducted to the metal cylinders 16, 17, 18, 19, respectively, and is radiated from the surface of the metal cylinder 20.
and is dissipated to the outer peripheral metal plate 21. For example, most of the heat generated in the second collector 12 is transferred to the metal tube 17 and radiated from the surface of the metal tube 17. That is, the radiant heat from the outer surface of the metal tube 17 is transmitted to the outer circumferential tube 20 through the path A, and the metal tube 1
Radiant heat from the inner surface of 7 is transmitted to outer peripheral metal plate 21 along path B. Metal tubes 16, 17, 18,
It is better to blacken the surface of No. 19 by a carbonization method (a method of vapor depositing carbon in a high temperature atmosphere).
In order to cool the outer cylinder 20, the outer cylinder 20 may be cooled by forced air, or a heat sink (not shown) may be separately provided around the outer cylinder 20. Outer cylinder 20
And when the metal plate 21 is cooled by forced air cooling,
Outer cylinder 20, metal plate 21, metal cylinders 16, 17, 1
If several ventilation holes are made in holes 8 and 19, the cooling effect will be further improved. With this structure, the first to fourth collectors 11, 12, 1
3 and 14 is dissipated by radiation to the outer cylinder 20 and the outer metal plate 21.
There is no need to directly attach a heat sink to each of the collectors 11, 12, 13, and 14 to conduct heat to the ground point for cooling.In other words, it is not necessary to directly attach a heat sink that is electrically insulated from the ground point. There is no need for cooling, the structure of the collector part is simplified, and the first to fourth collectors 11, 12, 13, 14
It becomes possible to easily electrically insulate the collector from the ground point, and even if the number of stages of the collector increases, the volume of the collector section only increases, which is extremely advantageous for reducing the weight of the collector section.

FIG. 2 shows an axial sectional view of the collector portion of another embodiment of the electron beam tube according to the present invention, in which the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 1 are given the same numbers. In FIG. 2, the first collector 11 to the fourth collector
Metal cylinders 16, 17, 18, and 19 having approximately the same length and having flanges at the ends are attached to the protruding portion of the collector 14 by welding or brazing, respectively.
Further, the high-voltage lead wire 22 is taken out from the side surface of the outer cylinder 20, and the gap surrounded by the outer cylinder 20 is filled with alumina powder 23, which is an electrical insulator. According to the embodiment of FIG.
Compared to the figure, the surface areas (thermal radiation areas) of the metal cylinders 16, 17, 18, and 19 can be made almost equal, making it possible to equalize the allowable power of the first collector 11 to the fourth collector 14. In addition, the alumina powder 23 serves as a heat conduction path for transmitting heat to the outer cylinder 20, making it possible to increase the allowable power of the collector section, making it suitable for electron beam tubes with large power consumption.

Although in the above embodiment, a coaxially coupled traveling wave tube with a collector divided into four stages is used as the electron beam tube, the present invention is not limited to this, and the collector can be divided into two or more stages. Of course, it can be applied to an electron beam tube such as a waveguide-coupled klystron that is divided into two.

According to the present invention, regardless of the number of collector divisions, heat generated in the collector can be effectively transmitted to the outside without deteriorating the electrical insulation between each collector and the electrical insulation between each collector and a ground point. This is particularly effective when cooling the collector section using radiation cooling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view showing one embodiment of a multi-stage collector type electron beam tube according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of a collector portion of another embodiment of the invention. In the figure, 1...electron gun, 2...high frequency circuit section, 3...high frequency input section, 4...high frequency output section, 5...magnetic field focusing device, 6...first to fourth collectors 11, Collector including 12, 13, 14, 7... Output side end of high frequency circuit section 2, 11,
12, 13, 14...first, second, third, and fourth collectors, respectively, 15...cylindrical insulating stone, 16, 1
7, 18, 19...metal cylinder, 20...outer cylinder,
21...Metal plate, 22...High voltage lead wire, 23...
...Indicates alumina powder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a multistage collector type electron beam tube having a plurality of collectors insulated from each other via a plurality of cylindrical insulating stones, the plurality of collectors 11
14 protrudes from the cylindrical insulating stone 15, and a plurality of collectors 12 to 1 are connected to the first collector 11.
4, reduce their outer diameters at intervals,
Metal cylinders 16 to 19 corresponding to the outer diameter of the collectors are disposed at the tips of the outer peripheries, respectively, and an outer cylinder 20 is provided so as to surround the plurality of collectors 11 to 14 and the metal cylinders 16 to 19, and the outer periphery thereof Tube 2
1. A multi-stage collector type electron beam tube characterized in that an end portion of the electron beam tube 0 is sealed with a metal plate 21.