JPS6256373B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shock absorber, and more particularly to a shock absorber that can smoothly and effortlessly soften the impact at both end positions of a reciprocating element.

Generally, in a mechanical device, when an element moving along a predetermined trajectory is temporarily stopped at the end of its travel path, a stopper is usually installed at the end of the travel path, especially if the element is heavy or has a high speed and has a large inertia. In addition, a shock absorber is provided to absorb the operating energy of the element and soften the shock of the element hitting the stopper.

However, conventional shock absorbers
It is only possible to relieve the inertial force of an element in one direction, and for an element that moves back and forth, separate shock absorbers must be provided at both end points of the movement path, which takes up space. There are drawbacks such as the inability to downsize the mechanical equipment and the cost increases.

In addition, conventional shock absorbers absorb the kinetic energy of the element by applying the same kinetic resistance to the element from the time the element first contacts the shock absorber until it hits the stopper. When the element comes into contact with the shock absorber, it receives a considerable impact force, reducing the value of the shock absorber by half.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to alleviate the inertial force not only at one end position of a reciprocating element but also at both end positions, and to When the element comes into contact with the shock absorber, it initially gives a gentle motion resistance to the element, and gradually increases the motion resistance, thereby minimizing the impact force applied to the element when it comes into contact with the shock absorber.There is a buffer oil inside. A piston rod is slidably provided by penetrating the inside of the external cylinder along the axial direction of the external cylinder in which the piston rod is enclosed, and both ends of the piston rod protrude outward from the external cylinder. Each internal cylinder independently moves the buffering oil housed in the external cylinder or internal cylinder with a predetermined resistance force through the internal cylinders of a single or multiple mechanism, each of which is filled with buffering oil independently. The piston rod of the external cylinder is provided so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction of the external cylinder while being released in the opposite direction, and the piston rod of the external cylinder is slidably inserted in the axial direction of the internal cylinder by communicating the inside of each internal cylinder. The buffer oil stored in the innermost cylinder is released into the piston rod in the innermost cylinder in the opposite direction to the traveling direction with a predetermined resistance force different from that of the above-mentioned inner cylinder. An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber characterized in that a piston that reciprocates is fitted into the shock absorber.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the shock absorber of the present invention, and 10 is, for example, a cylindrical external cylinder, and both ends of the external cylinder 10 are sealed with caps 14a and 14b via O-rings 12, respectively.
Buffer oil 16 is filled inside the external cylinder 10 . A long piston rod 18 is slidably inserted through the outer cylinder along the central axis of the outer cylinder 10, and its both ends protrude outward from the outer cylinder 10. Further, in order to prevent the buffer oil 16 in the external cylinder from leaking out from the sliding contact surfaces of the caps 14a and 14b at both ends of the external cylinder through which the piston rod 18 has penetrated, the area around the piston rod on the outer end surface of the cap is covered with cap metal 20a and 20b.
It is sealed with a gasket 22 that is pressed. Inside the external cylinder 10, for example, there is an internal cylinder 24 of a single-layer structure, which is sealed at both ends and in which buffer oil 16 is also sealed independently from the external cylinder. The buffer oil 16 is released from the small gap 26 between the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 24 and the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 10 into the outer cylinder in the direction opposite to the traveling direction with a predetermined resistance force. The piston rod 18 is housed so as to be able to reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 24, and the above-mentioned piston rod 18 is slidably passed through the central axis of the inner cylinder 24.

Further, a piston 28 having a disk shape, for example, is fitted into the piston rod 18 in the internal cylinder 24 at a predetermined position via a stop pin 30, and the inner peripheral surface of the internal cylinder and the piston are connected to each other within the internal cylinder 24. reciprocates in the internal cylinder 24 in the axial direction while releasing the buffer oil 16 into the internal cylinder in the opposite direction to the traveling direction with a predetermined weak resistance force from the internal cylinder 24 from the gap 32 between the inner cylinder 24 and the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder. accommodated as possible.

For example, if the shock absorber with the above configuration is
When the rod 40 shown in the figure is fixed to a machine frame (not shown) and the movable body 42 moves forward and backward along the rod 40 on its outer circumferential surface, the rod 40 is used to soften the slow impact force at the left and right path end points of the mechanism. For example, the outer cylinder 10 of the shock absorber is fixed parallel to the movable body 42 along a fixed guide block 46 to which elastic bodies 44a and 44b, such as rubber, are fixed to both end faces that slidably sandwich the outer surface of the movable body 42. However, stoppers 48a and 48b are fixedly provided at both left and right movement end points of the moving body 42 to abut and stop the ends of the piston rod 18 protruding outward from the outer cylinder 10 of the shock absorber. When the movable body 42 moves forward and approaches the end point of one of its movements, the end of the piston rod 18 of the shock absorber first hits the stopper 48b, and the piston 28 in the shock absorber moves toward the shock absorber in the internal cylinder 24. The oil 16 moves inside the internal cylinder 24 while being released from the gap 32 between the inner circumferential surface of the internal cylinder and the outer circumferential surface of the piston into the internal cylinder in the direction opposite to the traveling direction with a predetermined weak resistance, and as it moves, the stopper The piston rod 18 on the side that hit 14b retreats into the outer cylinder 10 while being subjected to a weak resistance, and hits one inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 24. Then, the inner cylinder 24 is subsequently pushed by the piston 28, causing the buffer oil 16 in the outer cylinder 10 to advance through the small gap 26 between the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder and the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder with a predetermined resistance. The piston rod 18 moves inside the external cylinder 10 while escaping into the external cylinder in the opposite direction, and as the piston rod 18 hits the stopper 14b, the piston rod 18 further retreats inside the external cylinder 10 while receiving a predetermined resistance. Eventually, the elastic body 44b on the end face of the fixed guide block comes into contact with the stopper 48b, and the movable body 42 stops.

Also, when the movable body 42 moves backward, approaches the other end of movement, and hits the stopper 48a to stop, the piston rod 18 of the shock absorber first collides with the stopper 48a, and the movable body 42 receives weak resistance from the shock absorber, and while receiving a predetermined resistance from the middle of the movement, the kinetic energy of the moving body 42 is absorbed by the shock absorber, and the elastic body 44a on the end face of the fixed guide block hits the stopper 48a, causing it to move. Body 42 stops.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the internal cylinder 24
is a multiplex structure in which buffer oil 16 is individually sealed, and each internal cylinder of this multiplex structure independently stores the buffer oil 16 contained in the external cylinder or internal cylinder on the outside in stages. The piston rod 18 is provided so that it can reciprocate in the axial direction of the outer cylinder while providing relief in the opposite direction to the traveling direction with different predetermined resistances, and communicates within each inner cylinder so that the piston rod 18 can slide freely in the axial direction of the inner cylinder. If the shock absorber of the present invention is constructed by inserting the piston 28, the piston 28 moves within the innermost cylinder with weak resistance, and then the outer inner cylinder moves together with the piston 28 while gradually increasing the resistance. As a result, the piston rod 18 of the shock absorber that has hit the stopper etc. gradually retreats into the external cylinder 10 while encountering strong resistance in stages, allowing it to absorb the kinetic energy at the end of the path of the moving body 42 more easily and smoothly. It's good.

Also, contrary to the embodiment, the resistance force when the piston 28 moves within the internal cylinder 24 is increased, and the resistance force when the internal cylinder 24 moves within the external cylinder 10 is weakened, so that the shock absorber can be used as a stopper, etc. It is also possible to move the internal cylinder 24 to soften the impact force when it first comes into contact with the cylinder 24.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned shock absorber, the buffer oil 16 is allowed to escape from the outer peripheral surface of the piston 28 or the inner cylinder 24 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction, but there is also a through hole drilled on the surface of the piston 28 or an inner The shock absorber of the present invention may be configured so that the buffer oil 16 escapes from grooves etc. cut into the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 24.

As described above, the shock absorber of the present invention can relieve the inertial force of an element not only at one end position of a reciprocating element, but also at both left and right end positions, thereby saving space and reducing the size of mechanical equipment. can be achieved.

In addition, the shock absorber of the present invention absorbs the kinetic energy of the element with a weak resistance at first, and then absorbs the kinetic energy from the element in stages with a necessary predetermined resistance force, so that the element absorbs the resistance from the shock absorber. It has remarkable effects such as being able to absorb the kinetic energy of the element very easily and smoothly without receiving any impact force at the beginning.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of the shock absorber of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of use of the shock absorber of FIG. 10...External cylinder, 12...O ring, 1
4a, 14b... Cap, 16... Buffer oil, 18... Piston rod, 20a, 20b...
...Cap metal, 22...Patzkin, 24...
Internal cylinder, 26...small gap, 28...piston, 30...stopping pin, 32...gap, 40...
Rod, 42... Moving body, 44a, 44b... Elastic body, 46... Fixed guide block, 48a, 48
b...stoppa.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A piston rod is slidably provided by penetrating the outer cylinder along the axial direction in which buffer oil is sealed, and both ends of the piston rod protrude outward from the outer cylinder. A single-layer or multi-layer inner cylinder has buffer oil sealed inside the cylinder, and each inner cylinder has a buffer oil housed in an outer cylinder or an inner cylinder. It is provided so that it can reciprocate in the axial direction of the outer cylinder while releasing it in the opposite direction to the direction of movement with a predetermined resistance force, and the piston rod of the outer cylinder is made to be able to freely slide in the axial direction of the inner cylinder by communicating the inside of each inner cylinder. The piston rod is inserted into the innermost cylinder, and the buffer oil stored in the innermost cylinder is released in the opposite direction to the traveling direction with a predetermined resistance force different from that of the inner cylinder. A shock absorber characterized in that a piston that reciprocates in the axial direction of an internal cylinder is fitted.