JPS6257591B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention involves incinerating dust and waste, and then dividing the ash and remaining metal, glass, stone, soil, etc. into blocks so that they can be easily made into blocks, and adding deodorizers, stabilizers, and water to the blocks. This is a method and apparatus for producing a dust block, in which a suitable amount of dust is added, thoroughly pulverized and stirred, and then pressure-molded while deaerating and dehydrating the ash block.

Traditionally, the remaining ash from incineration at incineration plants is normally transported by truck to a landfill and dumped. However, since the remaining ash often consists of bulky cinders such as glass and empty cans, the volume to be transported is large, requiring a large number of trucks.

Furthermore, if the remaining ash is dumped as it is, it will emit an odor and will be dispersed or leaked into the air or water by wind, rainwater, or ocean currents, contaminating the natural environment and causing secondary pollution. In addition, in the ground that is reclaimed without treating garbage and residual ash (electronic products, empty cans, empty bottles, soil, stones), the bearing capacity of the ground is about 3 to 5 t/ ^m2 , which is too weak and insufficient. Because consolidation subsidence continues for a long period of time, it is impossible to construct buildings or use the land as a factory site immediately after it is reclaimed. Furthermore, there is no other way to effectively utilize the remaining incineration ash in its original form.

As a result of intensive research into the method of disposing of incineration ash, which has traditionally been difficult to dispose of, the inventor has discovered the following:
We have invented a method and manufacturing apparatus that can reduce the volume of dust by turning it into blocks, and at the same time create strong and stable blocks in a short time.

An example of the method and apparatus for manufacturing dust blocks of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

Figure 1 shows the incineration ash that is crushed, sheared, and finely ground using a crushing device that has a mechanism for crushing, pulverizing, and shearing the incineration ash, while adding deodorizing agents, stabilizers, water, etc., and mixing and stirring. Degassing, as shown in
Fill the empty space 1 of a compression mold that can be dehydrated with a measured amount, place the filter cloth 2 and the net 2' around it, and then push the pressure piston 3 with the drainage hole 4 in the direction of the arrow to fill the space 1. When the mixture is compressed, air and excess water unnecessary for solidification are removed, so the incineration ash can be easily compressed into a dust block in a short period of time. 6 is a header that collects and discharges the discharged gas and fluid. This diagram shows a one-dimensional dehydration method, but if you create a three-dimensional dehydration structure that allows deaeration and dehydration from the side wall 5 of the mold, deaeration and dehydration will become easier, so one-dimensional or three-dimensional dehydration methods can be used. shall also be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

According to the method for producing a dust block of the present invention, which will be described in detail with reference to Examples, the residue is crushed, sheared, and pulverized into small pieces as described above, and treated by adding a deodorizer, a stabilizer, and water. When ash is pressurized, it can be easily degassed and dehydrated in a short time.
Therefore, it is possible to process a large amount of coarse residual ash in a short period of time to create a block with a small volume and high density.

Even with residual ash that is particularly difficult to compact, stabilizers (lime,
By adding 2 to 15% dry weight (such as cement), thoroughly grinding and stirring with an appropriate amount of water, and then compression molding, a stable ash block with no odor and high compressive strength can be obtained.

Sites using such strong and stable blocks as revetments or reclamation materials will not be destroyed by flooding, freezing or thawing, will not experience ground subsidence, and will not have to worry about secondary pollution. , it can be immediately used as construction site for houses, factories, etc.

Further, the stabilizers used in the present invention will be explained in detail in Examples, but in general, slaked lime is used in an amount of 2% based on the dry weight of residual ash, and cement is used in an amount of 2 to 15%, depending on the properties of the residual ash. Used by adding molecular resin.

As deodorizers, lime (333g/m ³ ), ferric chloride (131g/m ³ ), organic deodorizers, etc. are used.

An example is shown in which blocks were made using residual ash from incineration at the Chitose Incineration Plant in Tokyo. The moisture content of the residual ash used here was 29%, which was quite high, but in addition, as a deodorizing agent, ferric chloride was added at 131 g per 1 m ³ of residual ash, and slaked lime was added at 333 g per 1 m ³ , 200 times more concentrated. 1% organic deodorizer,
As stabilizers, 2% lime and 10% cement were added to the total amount of residual ash on a dry weight basis. Since the residual ash had a high water content, no additional water was added, and the residual ash, deodorizer, and stabilizer were placed in a pulverizer equipped with a mechanism for crushing, grinding, and shearing, and the ash was mixed and stirred thoroughly while being finely divided. . These mixtures were filled into the mold shown in Figure 1 (30cm x 30cm x 7cm) and compacted for 30 seconds while applying 120t of pressure using a piston with drainage holes and filter cloth, while deaerating and dewatering. Ta. The compression-molded ash block shows considerable strength immediately after demolding, but after 2 weeks of air curing, it solidifies due to the stabilizer, and its unconfined compressive strength is 180 Kg/cm ² and density is 2.3.
g/ ^cm3 . Water immersion performed 4 weeks after molding,
It was stable without being destroyed in freeze-thaw (-20°C to ⁺ 30°C) tests.

This block is small, approximately 1/10 the volume of untreated residual ash, and has a density of over 2.3 g/ ^cm3 , exhibiting a specific gravity close to that of stone (almost the same as ordinary concrete), and a hydraulic conductivity of 10 ^-8 cm/S. It was somewhat impervious to water, and its strength was comparable to that of concrete.

As described above, the ash blocks produced by the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention have a small transportation volume, and have been proven to have strength, stability, durability, and water impermeability. seawalls, slope protection,
It can be fully utilized as a civil engineering construction material such as a landfill material.

We have already completed the trial production of a plant that processes residual ash in large quantities using the method described above, and one unit can be used in one day (7 hours of operation).
It is possible to produce 700 ash blocks (30cm x 30cm x 7cm).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional front view of the dust block manufacturing apparatus of the present invention and an explanatory diagram showing the manufacturing method;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. 1... void space of compression mold, 2... filter cloth,
2'... Net, 3... Pressure piston, 4... Deaeration,
Dehydration hole, 5... side wall of compression mold, 6... header.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A deodorizing agent, a stabilizer, and water are added to the ash and debris after incinerating waste, mixed and stirred, and the resulting mixture is degassed and dehydrated. 1. A method for producing ash blocks, which is characterized in that the ash blocks are packed in a mold equipped with a ash block, pressure-molded while being deaerated and dehydrated, and solidified. 2. A pulverizer for fragmentation that has a mechanism for crushing, pulverizing, and shearing the ash and debris after incinerating waste, and adding deodorizers, stabilizers, and water to the fragments and mixing and stirring them. A compression mold having a cavity for forming dust blocks inside, and a pressurizing device that moves on the inner wall of the compression mold, and the compression mold and/or the pressurizing device are degassed, An apparatus for producing dust blocks characterized by having holes for dehydration.