JPS6259848B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a relay.

Conventional examples are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. That is, the one in Fig. 1 is a hinge type and flexure type, in which armature C is swingably attached to the upper end of U-shaped yoke B installed on base A, and armature C and yoke B are connected to each other. An iron core D is arranged between the intermediate parts and a coil E is wound thereon, a movable contact F is provided at the tip of the armature C, first and second fixed contacts G and H are provided on the base A, and armature C and yoke B are provided. A return spring I is provided between the The first operation is performed by the return spring I when the coil is not energized.
The movable contact F contacts the fixed contact G, and is attracted to the iron core D from the armature C by the coil excitation, and contacts the second fixed contact H.

The ones shown in Figures 2 to 4 are of the balanced armature type and lift-off type.
A coil 2 is wound around the middle part of a letter-shaped yoke 1, and this is installed on a body block 3. U-shaped yoke 1
A stainless steel (non-magnetic) residual plate 4 is spot-welded to one side of both ends of the plate 4 with its anti-warp piece 4a. Further, a mounting plate 6 having a shaft 5 is attached to the yoke 1 so as to be supported thereon, and a center hole 8 of an armature device 7 with a card is rotatably fitted onto the shaft 5. The armature device 7 includes two armatures 7', each of which has one end 7a wider than the other.
7'' facing in opposite directions, with alnico magnets 9, 9' having relatively large residual magnetic flux density and forming magnetic poles in the opposite direction of the armatures 7', 7'' being interposed therebetween, and integrated with a resin block 10. A center hole 8 is formed in the center of this block 10, and cards (drive pieces) 10a and 10b are formed.

The body block 3 is equipped with coil terminals 12..., fixed contact plates 13..., and movable contact plates (contact springs) 14... that come into elastic contact with the cards 10a, 10b. Contact points 15 are provided facing each other.
The operation of this relay is such that when the coil 2 is de-energized, the alnico magnets 9 and 9' cause magnetic poles N and S to appear at both ends of the armatures 7' and 7'' of the armature device 7 as shown in the figure, and the yoke 1 The one wide end 7a facing both ends of the yoke 1 is attracted by the yoke 1 to form a magnetic circuit including the yoke 1, and the two movable contact plates 14... is pushed open to make the contact of that part open (normally open).Furthermore, when the coil 2 is energized, a magnetic pole by the coil 2 appears on the yoke 1, which is a magnetic pole N formed in the armature device 7. , S, the armature device 7 rotates in the opposite direction due to the repulsive force, restores the two movable contact plates 14, and opens the remaining two movable contact plates 14. .

However, all of these relays operate in such a way that the armature and yoke or iron core are attracted to each other by coil excitation, causing contact and collision, and therefore have a number of drawbacks as described below. That is, (1) If dust or the like gets into the magnetic pole surface, which is the contact surface between the armature and the yoke, the stroke of the armature will be shortened, resulting in poor contact between the contacts and deterioration and deterioration of the operating characteristics. As trash,
There is consumable powder on the contacts, burrs from welding, etc. In addition, the attraction force characteristics are deteriorated due to non-magnetic objects entering the magnetic pole surface.

(2) The yoke and armature generate wear particles every time they collide. This wear powder scatters onto the contacts and causes poor contact. On the other hand, due to wear, the contact state of the magnetic pole surfaces changes microscopically, and the magnetic flux density changes. In a relay, the attractive force when the yoke and armature come into contact greatly influences the determination of the open circuit voltage due to the balance with the spring load, and in other words, the change in the open circuit voltage is doubled by the wear of the magnetic pole surface.

(3) If the relay has a sealed structure (excluding crystal cans), the following chemical reaction will occur inside the relay. In other words, nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) separated by a contact arc produce nitrogen oxides (NO ₂ or NO _x ), which combine with water (H ₂ O) in the container to produce nitric acid. (HNO ₃ ) is generated. This nitric acid (HNO ₃ ) corrodes nickel (Ni) plating, which is often used for surface treatment of magnetic pole materials in relays, to produce nickel nitrate. In addition, this type of oxide is generally highly hygroscopic and has deliquescent properties, and when the yoke and armature are in contact after a certain number of contact openings and closings, this deliquescent silver nitrate flows into the contact area, causing changes in the external temperature. etc., it will solidify and lock the armature in the yoke. Moreover, even if it is not solidified, its surface tension similarly locks the armature.

(4) When a vibration test is performed in the direction of arrow X in Figure 2, the contacts open. In other words, since the balanced armature is generally a rotating body centered on the shaft 8, even if the external force shown in the figure is applied, it will act as a couple on the armature itself, and ideally it will not turn the contacts on or off. Therefore, the structure has excellent vibration and shock resistance. However, in reality, the shaft 8 is bent in the excitation direction
swings in the excitation direction with the Y point as a fulcrum, for example, and as a result, the end opposite to the Y point swings, causing the contact to open or make contact.

(5) Contact and collision between the armature and the yoke (2 is the iron core) causes contact bounce (conspicuous for flexure types) and generates vibration noise. When a sequence circuit is constructed using a large number of relays, collisions between magnetic pole surfaces become a large noise source.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a relay that eliminates contact collision between the armature and the yoke (iron core).

An embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 to 11. That is, this relay is divided into a base block 16, a coil block 17, and an armature block 18. The base block 16 has terminals 19 protruding from the bottom surface of the box-shaped body,
Fixed contact springs 20, 20' and movable contact springs 21, 21' are provided on opposite sides of the upper surface, and fixed contacts 22, 22' and movable contacts 23, 23', which constitute contact portions, are provided on each side to make spring contact. are doing.

The coil block 17 is formed by laminating both vertical parts 17a and 17b of a U-shaped yoke 17' and connecting them to the horizontal part 17c with caulking rivets.The coil 24 is wound around the horizontal part 17c, and the vertical part 17a,1
A separator 25 is attached between the intermediate positions of 7b, and a shaft 26 is erected on the separator 25. and,
Opposing parts 27 and 28 at both ends of the yoke 17' located above the separator 25 are formed with protrusions 27b and 28b on one end side in the form of a plane hook with a predetermined width, and end parts 27a and 28a on the opposite side. They are diagonally opposite each other with 26 in the center.

The armature block 18 has a shaft hole 29 in the center of the long armature 18', permanent magnets 30, 30' with the same orientation at both ends, and cards 31, 31' on both sides. There is.

For assembly, the coil 24 of the coil block 17 is fitted into the recess of the base block 16, positioned, and the armature block 18 is rotatably supported on the shaft 26 of the coil block 17. In this state, the mutual relationship between the magnetic poles N and S of the armature block 18 and the opposing portions 27 and 28 of the yoke 17' is as follows. That is, when the armature block 18 faces the ends 27a and 28a in the width direction due to the diagonally opposed facing parts 27 and 28 of the yoke 17' (see FIG. 10), the gap between the gaps is at its minimum and the rotational movement is When the gap is located at the protruding portions 27b and 28b (see FIG. 8), the gap distance becomes maximum, and in the intermediate portion (see FIG. 6), the gap gradually changes from the minimum to the maximum. Further, the positional relationship between the cards 31, 31' and the movable contact springs 21, 21' is such that when the magnetic poles N, S of the armature block 18 face the ends 27a, 28a of the opposing parts 27, 28, the movable contact springs 21, 21'', and when it rotates to face the protrusions 27b and 28b, the movable contact spring 21 is pushed open, and when it is in the intermediate position, either movable contact spring 31,
Also away from 31' (neutral).

The operating conditions of this relay are shown in FIGS. 6 to 11. That is, FIGS. 6 and 7 are in a non-excited state. In this case, armature block 1
Coil block 1 by magnetic poles N and S at both ends of 8.
A suction force is generated between the opposing parts 27 and 28 of 7,
The armature block 18 rotates to an intermediate position where the magnetic attraction force is balanced between the opposite ends of the opposing parts 27 and 28, that is, a magnetically neutral position, and then stops. On the other hand, since the cards 31 and 31' are at intermediate positions, they do not contact the movable contact springs 21 and 21', and are electrically in a neutral-on state.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, a current is passed through the coil 24 in one direction to excite it, and magnetic poles having the same polarity as the magnetic poles N and S of the armature block 18 are generated in the opposing parts 27 and 28 of the coil block 17. .
In this case, magnetic repulsion is generated, the armature block 18 is rotated in the direction of the protrusions 27b and 28b with a large gap gap, the movable contact spring 21 is pushed open by the card 31, and the movable contact spring 2
It comes to a stopped state due to the balance with the spring force of 1.

10 and 11 show that the coil 24 is passed with current in the other direction and the opposing parts 27 and 28 are excited in the opposite direction, and the magnetic poles N and S of the armature block 18 generate an attractive force at the end of the gap where the gap is small. It rotates toward parts 27a and 28a and stops. At this time, the card 31' pushes the movable contact spring 21' open.

With this structure, this relay has the following effects. That is, (1) Since the armature 18' and the yoke 17' do not come into contact or collide with each other due to magnetic force, all of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks are eliminated.

(2) A tri-stable relay with neutral can be provided.

(3) The insulation between the coil part and the contact part can be improved (reduced capacitance).

(4) Since the opposing parts 27 and 28 face each other in the longitudinal direction of the armature block 18, and only the contact structure can be provided on the side (rotation direction side), contact space is secured for miniaturization of the relay. and can take a long span.

Note that the following modifications of this embodiment are possible. That is, armature block 1
There is no reason why a pair of magnets must be attached to both ends of the magnet 8, and one magnet may be attached in the middle or on the shaft. Yoke 1 of coil block 17
7' may be an integral piece. Moreover, it does not have to be a laminated product of thin plates. In addition, the positional relationship between the operating contacts 23, 23' and the fixed contacts 22, 22', the card shape, lift-off type, or flexure type can be freely selected, and a neutral-off type configuration is also possible. For example, a forward/reverse rotating motor can be turned off. Of course, the coil 24 may have two windings.

If it is necessary to position (stopper) the armature block 18, a pin can be provided at an appropriate position in consideration of the vibration damping effect. No matter where this type of stopper pin is installed, the magnetic gap between the armature 18' and the yoke 17' remains the same.

As described above, the relay of the present invention includes a polarized armature whose central portion is pivotally supported and has opposite magnetic poles at both ends, and a U-shaped armature whose opposite ends are connected to the magnetic poles of the armature. A protrusion in a direction approaching the magnetic pole is provided on one end side of the opposing part facing and in the same direction as the rotational direction of the armature, and when the armature is closest to the protrusion, the protrusion and the a yoke configured such that a gap distance between the magnetic pole and the magnetic pole is larger than a gap distance between the armature and the magnetic pole when the armature is closest to an end opposite to the protruding portion of the facing portion; Since it includes a coil that is wound around the armature to excite the yoke, and a contact that opens and closes according to the rotational movement of the armature, the following effects are achieved.

That is, according to the above configuration, the armature does not come into contact with or collide with the yoke due to the movement of the armature. Therefore, various drawbacks of the conventional method can be solved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of a hinge type relay, Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a balanced armature type relay, and Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a balanced armature type relay.
The figure is a perspective view of the relay, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view thereof, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the magnetically neutral state, Fig. 7 is a side view thereof, Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of the coil excited in one direction, Fig. 9 is a side view thereof, and Fig. 10 is the other side view. FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of the coil excited in the direction, and FIG. 11 is a side view thereof. 17'... Yoke, 18'... Armature, 22,
22'...Fixed contact constituting the contact part, 23,2
3'...Movable contact constituting a contact portion, 24...Coil, 27, 28...Opposing portion, 27a, 28a...End portion, 27b, 28b...Protrusion portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polarized armature whose central portion is pivotally supported and has magnetic poles having opposite polarities at both ends, and a U-shaped armature whose opposing portions at both ends face the magnetic poles of the armature and rotate in the direction of rotation of the armature. The armature has a protrusion in the direction approaching the magnetic pole on one end side of the opposing part in the same direction, and the armature has a gap distance between the protrusion and the magnetic pole when the armature is closest to the protrusion. A yoke configured to be larger than the gap distance with the magnetic pole when closest to the end opposite to the protruding part of the opposing part, and a yoke wound around the middle part of the yoke to excite the yoke. A relay comprising a coil that rotates, and a contact portion that opens and closes according to the rotational movement of the armature.