JPS6260607B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6260607B2 JPS6260607B2 JP20163685A JP20163685A JPS6260607B2 JP S6260607 B2 JPS6260607 B2 JP S6260607B2 JP 20163685 A JP20163685 A JP 20163685A JP 20163685 A JP20163685 A JP 20163685A JP S6260607 B2 JPS6260607 B2 JP S6260607B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- combustion
- air ratio
- radiant
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
＜産業上の利用分野＞
この発明はボイラ等の燃焼装置の排ガス中の
NOx等有害物質の低減をはかる燃焼方法に関す
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> This invention is directed to
Concerning combustion methods that aim to reduce harmful substances such as NOx.
＜従来の技術及びその問題点＞
従来の排ガス中の有害成分たるNOx低減手段
としては排ガス再循環、２段燃焼、分割火炎、水
注入、又はNH3等の還元剤の注入等であつた。こ
れらはNOxの発生は高温ガス中におけるN2とO2
との反応、燃料中のN2（フユエル窒素）との反
応が主たるNO発生の原因とするもので、その対
策としてガス温度の低下、O2分圧の低下のため
の排ガス再循環、又は直接還元剤との反応による
NOの分解等によりするものである。<Prior art and its problems> Conventional methods for reducing NOx, which is a harmful component in exhaust gas, include exhaust gas recirculation, two-stage combustion, split flame, water injection, or injection of a reducing agent such as NH 3 . These are because the generation of NOx is caused by N 2 and O 2 in high temperature gas.
The main cause of NO generation is the reaction with N 2 (fuel nitrogen) in the fuel, and countermeasures include lowering the gas temperature, exhaust gas recirculation to lower the O 2 partial pressure, or direct Due to reaction with reducing agent
This is done by decomposing NO.
しかし近時NOの発生の機構に対する実験考察
により格別の還元剤を使用することなく燃焼装置
に対する空気供給量、即ち空気比を変えたバーナ
配置によりNOxを低減する方法が行なわれてい
る。 However, recent experimental studies on the mechanism of NOx generation have led to a method of reducing NOx by changing the amount of air supplied to the combustion device, that is, the air ratio, by changing the burner arrangement without using any particular reducing agent.
即ち火炉の下側に主バーナを位置させて空気比
を１以下好ましくは0.85〜0.95にして稍不完全燃
焼をさせるものである。この場合サーマルNOx
（Thermal NOx）としてNO、燃料過剰域で重油
の熱分解によりＨ，Ｃ，N2がCN，NH2等のラジ
カルを生じこれにO2が反応してプロンプトNOを
生成する。ついでこの主バーナの上方に副バーナ
を位置させ、空気比0.4程度にして気相還元域を
形成させ、NH2，CN，CO等により前記のNOを
還元してＮとCO，CO2，H2Oにしてしまうもの
である。しかしこの気相還元域で必ずしも充分に
NOをN2にすることができず、HCNの残留もあ
り、かつCOを含むことより副バーナの後流に酸
化バーナを設けこれと組合せる空気供給口（NO
ポート．NO）を設けて酸化バーナNO組を形成さ
せている。酸化バーナはアフタバーナとも言う。
またアフタバーナとも言う。またこの区域を完全
燃焼域と称する。この区域における空気比は１以
上好ましくは1.3にしてこの区域以降の排ガス中
にNOx，COの含有のないようにしている。この
場合燃料の配分は主バーナで約65％、副バーナ
（プラネツトバーナとも称する）で約30％、酸化
バーナ（アフタバーナ）で約５％とするときは
NOxの低下は大であつた。 That is, the main burner is located below the furnace, and the air ratio is set to 1 or less, preferably 0.85 to 0.95, to achieve slightly incomplete combustion. In this case thermal NOx
(Thermal NOx) is produced by thermal decomposition of heavy oil in the fuel excess region, where H, C, and N 2 produce radicals such as CN and NH 2 , and O 2 reacts with these radicals to produce prompt NO. Next, an auxiliary burner is placed above the main burner to form a gas phase reduction zone with an air ratio of about 0.4, and the above-mentioned NO is reduced with NH 2 , CN, CO, etc. to form N, CO, CO 2 , H 2 O. However, this gas phase reduction region is not necessarily sufficient.
Since NO cannot be converted to N2 , there is residual HCN, and it also contains CO, an oxidation burner is installed downstream of the sub-burner and an air supply port (NO
port. NO) is provided to form an oxidation burner NO group. Oxidation burners are also called afterburners.
It is also called afterbana. This area is also referred to as the complete combustion area. The air ratio in this zone is set to 1 or more, preferably 1.3, so that NOx and CO are not contained in the exhaust gas after this zone. In this case, the fuel distribution is approximately 65% for the main burner, approximately 30% for the auxiliary burner (also called a planet burner), and approximately 5% for the oxidation burner (afterburner).
The reduction in NOx was significant.
＜発明の目的＞
この発明はこのようなNOx低減をはかるバー
ナ配置をしてバーナを燃焼させる方法を提案し更
にNOx低減の効果を大にするような燃焼方法を
提供することを目的とする。<Purpose of the Invention> The object of the present invention is to propose a method of arranging burners and combusting the burners so as to reduce NOx, and further to provide a combustion method that increases the effect of reducing NOx.
＜手段の概要＞
要するにこの発明は火炉内下部に稍不完全燃焼
域を形成し、その上方に気相還元域を形成して燃
焼する方法において、火炉内下部に輻射部材を設
け、さらに前記稍不完全燃焼域を形成するバーナ
に供給する燃焼用空気についての第１の空気比を
１未満とし、前記気相還元域を形成するバーナへ
供給する燃焼用空気についての第２空気比を前記
第１の空気比より小とした低NOx燃焼方法であ
ることを特徴とする。<Summary of the Means> In short, the present invention provides a method for combustion in which a slightly incomplete combustion zone is formed in the lower part of the furnace and a gas phase reduction zone is formed above it, in which a radiant member is provided in the lower part of the furnace, and A first air ratio for the combustion air supplied to the burner forming the incomplete combustion zone is less than 1, and a second air ratio for the combustion air supplied to the burner forming the gas phase reduction zone is set to the second air ratio for the combustion air supplied to the burner forming the gas phase reduction zone. It is characterized by a low NOx combustion method in which the air ratio is lower than 1.
＜実施例＞
以下図面を使用してこの発明の一実施例を説明
する。第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示す装置の
縦断面図であり、第２図はその正面図である。燃
焼装置の火炉９の前壁８と後壁８′には下部より
上方に順に主バーナ１、副バーナ２、酸化バーナ
３、NOポート３′が位置し、これらを囲み風箱５
を設ける。図示例では各バーナは横方向に各４本
が並ぶように配置するものである。この配置によ
り空気比１未満（第１の空気比）稍不完全燃焼域
Ｍ、第１の空気比より小なる第２の空気比の気相
還元域Ｐ、完全燃焼域Ｏが形成される。排ガスを
再投入する管路（図示せず）により排ガスダクト
（図示せず）より取り出された排ガスは再循環ガ
ス４として炉底より炉内に供給される。この発明
の第１実施例たる第１図においては主バーナ１の
火炎の下部と炉底との間に断面「ヘ」の字状山型
の輻射部材６を位置させるものである。<Example> An example of the present invention will be described below using the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view thereof. A main burner 1, an auxiliary burner 2, an oxidation burner 3, and an NO port 3' are located in the order above from the bottom on the front wall 8 and rear wall 8' of the furnace 9 of the combustion device, and surrounding these are a wind box 5.
will be established. In the illustrated example, each burner is arranged so that four of each burner are lined up in the horizontal direction. This arrangement forms a slightly incomplete combustion region M with an air ratio less than 1 (first air ratio), a gas phase reduction region P with a second air ratio smaller than the first air ratio, and a complete combustion region O. Exhaust gas is taken out from an exhaust gas duct (not shown) through a pipe (not shown) for reintroducing the exhaust gas and is supplied into the furnace from the bottom of the furnace as recirculation gas 4. In FIG. 1, which is a first embodiment of the present invention, a radiant member 6 having a chevron-shaped cross section is positioned between the lower part of the flame of the main burner 1 and the bottom of the furnace.
この輻射部材はプラスチツククロームオアー等
の耐火材で形成され主バーナ１の熱を受け高温に
に加熱され熱線を輻射する。一方再循環ガス４は
図示MX部で渦流をなし火炎の一部をまき込みこ
の混合ガス中の未燃物たるカーボン粒子等を輻射
部材の輻射熱によりO2と反応させ焼却する。ま
た稍不完全燃焼域の未燃物にも強い熱線を輻射し
て与えO2との反応処理を促進する効果をもつ。
これは主バーナ１ａ〜１ｄ相互間に離隔してお
り、この空間を熱線が透過しこのガス体に輻射熱
を与えるものである。 This radiant member is made of a refractory material such as plastic chrome ore, receives heat from the main burner 1, is heated to a high temperature, and radiates heat rays. On the other hand, the recirculating gas 4 forms a vortex in the MX section shown in the figure, entraining a portion of the flame, and causes unburned carbon particles in the mixed gas to react with O 2 and incinerate them by the radiant heat of the radiant member. It also has the effect of radiating strong heat rays to the unburned materials in the slightly incomplete combustion region and promoting the reaction process with O 2 .
The main burners 1a to 1d are spaced apart from each other, and heat rays pass through this space to give radiant heat to the gas body.
第３図は他の輻射部材配置の一実施例を示すも
ので炉底水壁上に輻射部材６ａを位置させたもの
である。 FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the radiant member arrangement, in which the radiant member 6a is positioned on the bottom water wall of the reactor.
第４図は第１図に対応するもので輻射部材６ｂ
の上面を部分筒状の曲面とし、その断面（筒状面
の一部をなし断面弧状となる）の中心C1，C2を
主バーナ１と副バーナ２の間のレベルにあるよう
にするものである。 FIG. 4 corresponds to FIG. 1 and shows the radiation member 6b.
The upper surface is a partially cylindrical curved surface, and the centers C 1 and C 2 of its cross section (which forms part of the cylindrical surface and has an arcuate cross section) are located at the level between the main burner 1 and the sub-burner 2. It is something.
第５図は第３図に対応する輻射部材６ｃに同様
に部分筒状の曲面を形成しその曲面の中心C1′，
C2′を主バーナ１と副バーナ２の間のレベルに位
置させたものである。 In FIG. 5, a partially cylindrical curved surface is similarly formed on the radiating member 6c corresponding to FIG. 3, and the center of the curved surface is C 1 ',
C 2 ' is located at a level between the main burner 1 and the auxiliary burner 2.
輻射部材を曲面にすることは光源たる火炎がち
らつきかつ振れることにより部分筒状曲鏡面と平
行光線により焦点を結ぶような関係は成立しない
が一応輻射部材からの輻射線の集合ということは
期待できる。これはストーカ焚きの場合に形成す
る輻射用の耐火れんが壁からの輻射熱が石炭の揮
発分を給炭機側ストーカ面上で生ぜしめ着火を容
易にしていると同様の効果をもつものである。 When the radiating member is made into a curved surface, the flame that is the light source flickers and oscillates, so a relationship such as focusing on the partially cylindrical curved mirror surface and parallel rays does not hold, but it can be expected that the radiant rays from the radiating member will gather together. . This has the same effect as when radiant heat from the radiant refractory brick wall that is formed during stoker firing generates the volatile content of the coal on the stoker surface on the coal feeder side, making ignition easier.
この発明を実施することにより稍不完全燃焼域
Ｍ、気相還元域Ｐにおける未燃成分の焼却反応処
理が促進され、輻射部材の配置による燃焼条件を
保持できるという効果を奏することができる。ま
た特に短炎のガスを燃料とするときは輻射部材に
よる反応確保の効果は大である。 By carrying out this invention, the incineration reaction treatment of unburned components in the slightly incomplete combustion zone M and the gas phase reduction zone P is promoted, and the combustion conditions due to the arrangement of the radiant member can be maintained. In addition, the radiant member is particularly effective in ensuring a reaction when short flame gas is used as fuel.
第１図は第１実施例を示す装置の縦断面図、第
２図はその正面図、第３図は輻射部材配置の一実
施例を示す炉底部の縦断面図、第４図は他の輻射
部材配置の例を示す縦断面図、第５図はまた別の
輻射部材配置例を示す縦断面図である。
１…主バーナ、２…副バーナ、３…酸化バー
ナ、３′…NOポート、４…再循環ガス、５…風
箱、６，６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃ…輻射部材。
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus showing the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a front view thereof, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bottom of the furnace showing one embodiment of the arrangement of the radiant members, and Fig. 4 is FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of radiant member arrangement. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of radiant member arrangement. 1... Main burner, 2... Sub burner, 3... Oxidation burner, 3'... NO port, 4... Recirculating gas, 5... Wind box, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c... Radiation member.
Claims (1)
上方に気相還元域を形成して燃焼する方法におい
て、火炉内下部に輻射部材を設け、さらに前記稍
不完全燃焼域を形成するバーナに供給する燃焼用
空気についての第１の空気比を１未満とし、前記
気相還元域を形成するバーナへ供給する燃焼用空
気についての第２の空気比を前記第１の空気比よ
り小としたことを特徴とする低NOx燃焼方法。1. A method of combustion in which a slightly incomplete combustion zone is formed in the lower part of the furnace and a gas phase reduction zone is formed above the burner, in which a radiant member is provided in the lower part of the furnace, and the burner that further forms the slightly incomplete combustion zone is provided. A first air ratio for combustion air supplied to the burner is less than 1, and a second air ratio for combustion air supplied to the burner forming the gas phase reduction zone is smaller than the first air ratio. A low NOx combustion method characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163685A JPS6176814A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Low nox combustion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163685A JPS6176814A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Low nox combustion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6176814A JPS6176814A (en) | 1986-04-19 |
| JPS6260607B2 true JPS6260607B2 (en) | 1987-12-17 |
Family
ID=16444361
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20163685A Granted JPS6176814A (en) | 1985-09-13 | 1985-09-13 | Low nox combustion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6176814A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62106160U (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-07 | ||
| JPH0511089U (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1993-02-12 | 日本道路興業株式会社 | Self-luminous windsock |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7168947B2 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2007-01-30 | General Electric Company | Methods and systems for operating combustion systems |
-
1985
- 1985-09-13 JP JP20163685A patent/JPS6176814A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62106160U (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-07 | ||
| JPH0511089U (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1993-02-12 | 日本道路興業株式会社 | Self-luminous windsock |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6176814A (en) | 1986-04-19 |
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