JPS6260840B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates in particular to the structure of an electrical equipment accommodating unit installed outdoors, and to maintaining its internal temperature within an appropriate range without relying on heaters, cooling devices, etc.

There are a number of housing structures, such as a station building structure, a shelter, and a housing structure, for accommodating electronic/communication devices, measuring devices, and other electrical equipment outdoors to protect them. Such housing units must have a rainproof and windproof structure, as well as a structure that is thermally isolated from the outside to ensure that the electronic equipment functions stably and without any abnormalities from solar heat in the summer or low temperatures in the cold. is necessary. In addition, appropriate adjustments are made to prevent temperature abnormalities caused by the heat generated by electrical equipment housed inside and the gradual intrusion of high or low temperatures from the outside through the structure, keeping the internal temperature within an appropriate range. must be maintained. Conventionally, a structure as shown in the side cross-section of FIG. 1 has been generally used as a housing structure in which electrical equipment is left unattended or not maintained for a long period of time.

The housing section 2 installed on the ground or in a building, tower, etc. 1 has a wind and rain resistant and heat insulating structure around it, and an electrical device 3 is installed on one side of the interior. An exhaust port 4 having an eaves 5 on the outside is provided on the wall surface near the upper ceiling for discharging heat generated from this electrical equipment and heat accumulated inside, and an air intake port similarly having an eave 7 below one side thereof. There are 6.
Therefore, when the internal temperature rises, the hot air rises and is discharged from the exhaust port 4 to the outside as indicated by the arrow 8. Along with this, relatively low temperature air enters from the intake port 6 as shown by arrow 8'. By continuously heating the air and discharging it from the exhaust port 4 in the same manner as described above, it is designed to prevent the internal temperature from rising abnormally. However, in cases where natural ventilation cannot completely handle the problem, a ventilation fan (not shown) is attached to the exhaust port or intake port to forcefully ventilate the room and maintain the internal temperature within an appropriate range.

On the other hand, in cold weather, the temperature may drop below the allowable limit of the electrical equipment due to the intake and exhaust action, even with natural ventilation without the need for a ventilation fan, so it is necessary to heat the equipment with the heater 9. . As mentioned above, in the conventional housing structure, it is difficult to change the size of the exhaust port and intake port to suit high and low temperatures, so a ventilation fan is required at high temperatures and a heater is operated at low temperatures. to maintain an appropriate temperature range. Therefore, in a device that requires a reduction in the amount of power supplied as much as possible, the power required for this purpose is large and the maintenance cost is enormous. In particular, in cases where power transmission is unavailable and power is secured through solar cells or the like, such a method is simply not possible.

In view of the above points, the present invention constructs a heat transfer surface by convection on the insulating wall surface without forming a ventilation hole, allows heat transfer and cooling at high temperatures to be performed by this heat transfer surface, and at low temperatures, it is possible to block convection and maintain heat. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of an electrical equipment accommodating part that accommodates an electrical equipment inside a structure that is thermally isolated from the outside for this purpose. is a closed type with respect to the outside, and at least a part of its side is a heat transfer surface between the inside and outside, and furthermore, the inside side is a wall surface that is thermally isolated from the heat transfer surface at a predetermined interval, and the An internal air flow path is formed between the opposing heating surface and the wall surface and allows internal air to convect in the vertical direction.When the internal temperature is high, the heat of the internal air is transferred to the heat transfer surface without introducing external air. The heat is transferred and only the heat is released to the outside for cooling, and the cooled internal air is convected and circulated downward, and the openings on either the upper or lower sides of the opening of the flow path are opened at a predetermined temperature. The device is characterized in that it includes an opening amount adjusting means that can adjust the opening amount, and adjusts the opening amount at low temperatures, and does not require electric power to maintain the internal temperature. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross section of an embodiment of the electrical equipment housing part according to the present invention, and the housing part 20, which is fixedly installed on the ground level 1, has a structure around the housing part 20 that is wind and rain resistant and insulates the outside and the inside. Electrical equipment 3 is installed on one side of the interior. In addition, the other side surface of the accommodating portion 20 is not formed with a wall surface of an insulating structure, but is formed with a wall surface 21 that transfers heat extremely well to the temperature difference between the inside and outside, and furthermore, the inside side is formed with a heat transfer wall surface 21 and a suitable wall surface 21. Heat insulating wall surfaces 22 are provided at intervals. Openings 23 and 2 are provided above and below between the opposing heat transfer wall surface 21 and the heat insulation wall surface 22 so that air inside the housing section 20 can circulate.
4, and the left and right sides are closed off by walls. In other words, the space between the opposing sides is configured as a vertical air duct, that is, a flow path for internal air.

A partial perspective cross section of the above state is shown in FIG. The figure shows a lower cross section, and the heat transfer wall surface 21 has a plurality of grooves in the vertical direction and has a large heat transfer area, and its surface is a black metal plate. This is a laminated panel made of similar foamed resin in the shape of a sandwich. As will be described later, the spacing between the opposing sides is set to a relatively narrow spacing so that convection of airflow is difficult to occur within this spacing, and airflow can occur throughout the interior of the storage portion.

The lower opening 24 is a window-shaped opening, and is open when the openings on the fixed side 25 and the moving side 26 are aligned in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 4a, and the openings on the moving side 26 are aligned as shown in FIG. 26 moves in the direction of the arrow, and the opening is closed when the connecting parts overlap each other. This is accomplished with associated aperture drive means 30 shown in FIG.

As described above, the housing section 20 has a closed structure without an inlet for introducing external air into the interior for cooling the interior. However, the external pressure and the internal pressure can be balanced by slits, pores, etc. (not shown).

When the internal temperature of the housing section 20 rises due to the operation of the electrical equipment 3 and the gradual passage of solar heat from the outside through the heat insulating structure, a temperature difference occurs between the upper and lower parts of the interior. That is, the upper part is hot and the lower part is cold. This tendency naturally occurs because there is no internal disturbance. Naturally, the air between the heat transfer wall surface 21 and the heat insulation wall surface 22 also has such a temperature difference. Here, if the internal temperature is higher than the outside temperature, heat is dissipated to the outside through the heat transfer wall surface 21 as shown by arrow A, and as a result, the air temperature between the heat transfer wall surface 21 and the heat insulating wall surface 22 decreases. The cooled air descends between the opposing gaps and enters the lower opening 24.
From there, it flows into the wide interior of the device 3 side as shown by arrow B. Accordingly, high-temperature air in the upper part of the interior is drawn between the opposing sides from the upper opening 23 as shown by arrow C, and this high-temperature air is similarly deprived of heat to the outside by the heat transfer wall surface 21 and radiated, and the air is lowered and lowered. Head to As described above, the internal high-temperature air causes a continuous convection phenomenon from above to below along the heat transfer wall surface 21, and as a result, the internal temperature of the housing section 20 is maintained below a required temperature. This process occurs naturally based on the difference between the outside temperature and does not require any power source, and it can be done in a sealed state without providing any ventilation openings to the outside, so dust and other objects can flow inside. It is also preferable for equipment because it does not intrude.

In contrast to the above, if the outside temperature drops extremely and the operation of the device is affected, it is necessary to prevent the internal temperature from dropping below that level. Therefore, in such a case, by operating the opening driving means 30 at a predetermined temperature and closing the opening 24, convection for cooling the internal air will no longer occur and the power consumption of the equipment 3 will be reduced. The internal temperature is maintained appropriately by the heat generation.

To operate the aperture driving means 30, the aperture 2 is driven by a power source such as a motor or an electromagnet using a temperature signal from a well-known temperature detecting means such as a thermistor.
This can be easily carried out by commanding and controlling the moving side 26 of 4, and the electric power etc. are controlled to be supplied only during movement. As an alternative mechanism for changing the amount of movement by combining objects with different coefficients of thermal expansion, the simplest method is to use a bimetal to perform the opening and closing action, which is extremely convenient since no power is consumed. Of course, the above will work in reverse when the outside temperature rises and it becomes necessary to lower the internal temperature, and will automatically open to lower the temperature. Note that the opening/closing means for the openings 23 and 24 can be appropriately provided above and below the openings or on either side thereof.

As shown in another embodiment of FIG. 5, the opening/closing means for opening/closing the opening is an operating arm 28 linked to a plurality of rotary plates 27.
When moving in the direction of the arrow, each rotation center 2
The rotary plate 27 changes from a vertical state to a horizontal state 27' with 9 as an axis, and closes the opening. In this way, the opening in the open state can be widened, so that air can flow efficiently. In any of the above cases, the airflow can be adjusted as desired by not opening or closing the opening completely but by changing the opening to an intermediate position.

The present invention has been described as an embodiment in which a continuous insulating wall surface is provided as one side, but in addition, this wall surface may be appropriately shortened in the vertical direction, openings may be provided above and below the wall surface, and further holes may be formed above or below the wall surface. Form another similar wall. That is, two stages are provided above and below, a partition plate is provided between the top and bottom, and a space is provided between the partition and the opposing openings at the top and bottom, respectively.
By radiating heat between the respective heat insulating wall surfaces in this manner, it is possible to radiate heat even more efficiently. This kind of thing can be easily implemented as multiple stages of two or more stages.

Further, the structure of the present invention can be arbitrarily provided on each of the wall surfaces and other wall surfaces, and in such a case, there will be no problem if a heat shield plate device is attached to the outside of the solar radiation surface.

As described above, the structure of the housing according to the present invention can dissipate high-temperature heat inside to the outside without introducing outside air in a sealed state, and can stop heat exchange when the temperature is low. Since the system does not require any other equipment, it can be used in cases where it is operated unattended for a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-section of the structure of a conventional equipment housing section;
The figure is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the structure of the device storage section according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the main part of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows the opening a and the closed state b, and FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the opening opening/closing means. In the figure, 1 is an installation surface such as on the ground, 2 and 20 are storage parts, 3 is electrical equipment, 4 and 6 are ventilation holes, 5 and 7 are eaves, 9 is a heater, 21 is a heat transfer wall surface, 22 is a heat insulation wall surface, 23 and 24 are openings, 25 is a fixed side, 26 is a movable side, 27 is a rotating plate, 28 is an operating arm, 29 is a center of rotation, and 30 is an opening driving means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the structure of an electrical equipment accommodating part in which electrical equipment is housed inside a structure that is thermally isolated from the outside, the structure is sealed from the outside and at least part of its sides are closed to the outside for heat transfer between the inside and outside. A wall surface is formed on the inner side of the heat transfer surface at a predetermined distance from the wall surface to thermally insulate the heat transfer surface, and a wall surface is formed between the heat transfer surface and the wall surface to allow convection of internal air in the vertical direction. When the internal temperature is high, the heat of the internal air is transferred through the heat transfer surface without introducing external air, and only the heat is released to the outside to cool the cooled internal air. and an opening amount adjusting means capable of controlling the opening amount at a predetermined temperature of the opening of either the upper or lower opening of the flow path or one of them at a predetermined temperature, and adjusting the opening amount at a low temperature. A structure of an electrical equipment housing section characterized by: