JPS6261732B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for constructing slope vegetation on slopes,
The purpose of this invention is to provide a slope slope vegetation construction method that is easy and reliable to implement.

There are two conventional methods for constructing slope vegetation, as shown below. (1) Build a slope on the slope by placing and fixing the molded concrete slope blocks in a lattice or other desired shape on the slope;
After arranging reinforcing bars in a lattice pattern on the slope, concrete is poured to construct a concrete slope frame, soil is brought into the slope frame, and seeding and planting is done, or vegetation base material is placed. Technological measures such as spraying or inlaying with vegetative sandbags were adopted, and (2) a fabric frame was devised, i.e., a lattice of interconnecting tubular sections surrounded by the tubular sections. After this fabric slope is stretched on the slope, fluid mortar or concrete is press-filled into the cylindrical part to form a mortar or concrete sheet. A legal framework has been constructed, and the same technical means of introducing vegetation as in (1) above have been adopted within the legal framework.

By the way, in the method (1) above for constructing a slope, skill is required to construct the slope, and in the case of using ``slope blocks,'' it is difficult to carry the heavy slopes onto the slope. The work of assembling the legal framework blocks on steep slopes is fraught with danger and is difficult to implement, and when "concrete is poured after placing reinforcing bars", the work of placing reinforcing bars on steep slopes is difficult and dangerous. It has become commonplace. In addition, technical methods for introducing vegetation within the legal framework may be used, such as bringing in soil for planting, or spraying vegetation base materials, but if heavy rainfall is encountered soon after implementation, even if the legal framework is not in place. However, there is a drawback that the soil and plants brought in are washed away, and although the vegetation base materials are not washed away due to rain when carrying in vegetated sandbags, it is easy to carry heavy vegetated sandbags onto steep slopes. The drawback was that it was not. In the case of (2) above, where the fabric frame is used, there is no problem in constructing the frame, but when introducing vegetation into the frame, the single sheet surrounded by the frame The section must be cut along the frame or cut in an X-shape along the diagonal to form an opening in the frame. Therefore, the work of forming the opening in the slope has to be carried out on the slope, which has the disadvantage that the work efficiency is very poor.

The present inventor completed the present invention after conducting various studies in an attempt to eliminate the various drawbacks of the conventional slope slope vegetation construction method described above.

That is, the present invention includes a continuous legal frame structure cylinder made of cloth for filling mortar or concrete to form a legal frame, and a vegetation base material in the legal frame surrounded by the legal frame structure cylinder. After the slope vegetation structure, which is integrally provided with a cloth vegetation structure bag to be filled to form a vegetation area, is stretched on the slope, fluid mortar or concrete is applied to the slope. A mortar or concrete legal frame is constructed on the slope by press-filling into the construction cylinder, and then a fluid vegetation base material is press-fitted into the vegetation construction bag and placed within the slope. This is a slope slope vegetation construction method characterized by the construction of a vegetation area.

The details of the present invention will be explained below.

First, the framework vegetation structure used in carrying out the present invention will be explained.

The slope vegetation structure consists of a cylinder for forming the slope and a bag for forming the vegetation, and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the upper and lower two layers of fabrics 1 and 1' are partially square shaped. The closely connected joints 4 form cylinder parts 11 that communicate in a lattice pattern, and these cylinder parts 11 serve as cylinders for forming the legal frame, and the insides 3 of each lattice frame surrounded by the cylinder parts 11 serve as joint parts. Single bag portion 1 with peripheral opening by 4
2, and this bag portion 12 is used as a bag body for structuring vegetation.

As shown in Fig. 3, the cylindrical body for forming the legal frame is a part that forms a legal frame block body for press-fitting fluid mortar or concrete, and the mortar or concrete 21 after molding has a diameter of 5 to 50 cm, preferably Configure it so that it is 10 to 25 cm. If it is less than 5 cm, the strength of the mortar or concrete will be insufficient and it will not be possible to provide sufficient slope protection, and if it is more than 50 cm, the strength will be excessive and the amount of mortar or concrete will be large, making it uneconomical.

The fabrics 1 and 1' of the cylindrical bodies for constructing the legal frame should be 50 kg/inch or more in width to withstand the pressure of fluid mortar or concrete.
In addition, it is preferable to use a mesh having a good floor effect, that is, to prevent mortar or concrete from flowing out and to drain excess water, and to have an area of 0.01 to 1.0 mm ² in numerical terms. If it is less than 0.01 mm ² , problems such as delayed hardening of mortar or concrete and poor drainage of excess water will occur, and if it is more than 1.0 mm ² , problems will occur such as fabric damage, large amount of mortar or concrete flowing out, and insufficient consolidation during press-fitting of fluid mortar or concrete. Problems arise and are not desirable.

The vegetation composition bag body is a part for press-filling a fluid vegetation base material mixed with water such as seeds, soil, fertilizer, etc. to make it into a vegetation. It will be extremely effective. That is, since the vegetation base material 22 is filled in the vegetation composition bag, there is no outflow of the vegetation base material 22, and since the vegetation composition bag is made up of two layers of fabrics 2 and 2',
It is strong and the mesh of the fabrics 2, 2' can be made coarse, resulting in extremely good germination and growth of seeds.

If the bag for forming plants is square, each side is 30
The size should be ~150cm. If the length is less than 30 cm, mortar or concrete 21 parts will be required, which is uneconomical and looks bad. In addition, the number of bags for structuring vegetation increases, making it difficult to fill them with vegetation material.
If it is 150cm or more, the mortar or concrete part will be small and the slope protection effect will be reduced. Furthermore, the stroke of the mortar or concrete beam becomes large, causing deflection in the horizontal rows of mortar or concrete beams, resulting in poor appearance.

As the vegetation structure bag body is press-fitted with the vegetation base material 22, it expands greatly and becomes thicker as shown in FIGS. 4 and 4A. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to provide connecting bodies 6, 6, . The connecting body 6 has the effect of regulating the thickness of the press-fitted vegetation material and equalizing the filling amount of the vegetation material 22. The strength of the connecting bodies 4 is preferably 25 kg or more per unit in view of burst resistance during press-fitting of the vegetation base material 22. The connecting body 6 can be integrated at the time of fabric production, that is, on a weaving or knitting machine, or it can be provided later by adhesive or sewing, or bolts and nuts can also be used. The fabrics 2 and 2' of the bag G for forming vegetation should have a tensile strength of 25 kg/inch or more in width to withstand the strength when press-fitting the vegetation base material. In order to have good preventive properties, good drainage of excess water, and good vegetation, it is preferable to have a mesh area of 0.5 to 5 mm ² . If it is less than 0.5 mm ² , the flowable vegetation base material will have poor drainage of excess water and poor vegetation quality, and if it is more than 5 mm ² , fabric damage and the vegetation base material will be washed away. Furthermore, in order to improve the floor effect and vegetation quality, it is preferable to mix fluff yarn into at least the upper fabric 2 of the bag G for forming vegetation. Since each stitch of the fabric 2 is covered with the fluff of the fluffy yarn, it becomes easier to form a bed, which prevents the vegetation base material 22 from flowing out and at the same time improves the drainage of excess water. In addition, since the fluff and the vegetation material 22 have good adhesion, and the fabric 2 follows the settling of the vegetation base material 22, no gap is created between the fabric 2 and the vegetation base material 22, which facilitates seed germination. Growth is good. Further, it is preferable to use a highly extensible fabric for the fabric 2' below the plant-containing bag to ensure close contact with the ground. This is to improve the rooting ability of the seeds. The form is shown in FIG. 6A.

The joint portion 4 provided between the legal frame-forming cylinder and the vegetation-forming bag is integrally joined using an adhesive, sewing, or during fabric production, that is, on a weaving or knitting machine. The joint portion 4 is made of a high-density, high-strength cloth so as to be able to withstand the press-in filling pressure of the mortar or concrete 21 and the vegetation base material 22. A low density is not preferable because it tends to cause misalignment and leakage of the fluid mortar or concrete 21 and the vegetation base material. In addition, if the strength is low, it cannot withstand the press-in filling pressure of mortar or concrete 21 and vegetation base material, so the fabric 1,
It is preferable to have a tensile strength of 50 kg/inch width or more, which is equivalent to 1', and a peel strength of 30 kg/inch width or more.

Fabrics constituting the frame vegetation composition include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics. The fibers used include synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, acrylic, and vinylon, natural fibers such as cotton and linen, and inorganic fibers such as glass, but are not particularly limited in use.
It is preferable to use a high-strength long fiber yarn alone or in combination with a fluffy yarn such as a spun yarn or a spun-like yarn, and a highly elongated yarn such as a composite or processed yarn. That is, the fabrics 1, 1' and the joint 4 of the barrel for forming the legal frame are mainly made of high-strength long-fiber yarn, and the upper fabric 2 of the bag for forming the vegetation is made of high-strength long-fiber yarn and fluffy yarn. Lower fabric 2'
It is preferable that highly elongated yarn be used for interwoven or interwoven knitting.

When stretched on a slope, the vegetation-containing bag has
A cut 23 for injecting a fluid vegetation base material 22 is provided at an upper position. That is, approximately 1 to 10
A cut 23 of cm is provided. The tip of a nozzle for injecting the vegetation base material 22 is inserted into this cut, and the vegetation base material 22 is press-fitted and filled.

This cut 23 is opened by misaligning the fabric or cutting with a cutter. This cut 23 may be left open or may be used with a cloth cylinder inserted or sewn.

Mortar or concrete injection ports 24 for injecting fluid mortar or concrete 21 are provided at appropriate locations on the frame-constituting cylinder. That is, a hole with a diameter of about 15 cm is made in the fabric 1 of the fabrics 1 and 1', and a tube 25 made of cloth and having an appropriate length is provided above the hole. A nozzle for pouring mortar or concrete 21 is inserted into this cylinder 25, and the cylinder 25 is
is tied to a nozzle, and mortar or concrete 21 is press-fitted.

The size of the legal framework vegetation structure is 5 to 30 m in height and 2 in width.
~10m is a suitable size, depending on the width of the slope,
Use horizontal and vertical border vegetation structures.

Next, mortar or concrete 21 and vegetation base material 22 will be explained.

Fluid mortar 21 is a mortar with a slightly higher water content than ordinary cement milk, and is made by kneading cement and gravel with water in an appropriate ratio. From the viewpoint of mortar strength, the ratio of cement and gravel is preferably 1:1 to 1:4. Also, from the viewpoint of fluidity, that is, the ability to fill the mortar, the water/cement ratio is 45 to 80%. It is preferable to use one having a flow value of 10 to 30 seconds according to the P funnel method.

In addition, fluid concrete 21 has a mixing method similar to that of the fluid mortar described above, but in order to further improve the strength, coarse aggregate with a maximum dimension of 50 mm or less is added to the mixing method. Mixed. Considering the strength of the concrete, the separability of coarse aggregate, and the fluidity of concrete, the ratio of cement to coarse aggregate is 1:0.5 to 1:4.0, and the slump value of this mixture is 15 to 28 cm. It is preferable to use it as an object.

In some cases, a fluidizing agent may be added to further improve fluidity, or inorganic or organic short fibers may be added to improve strength, or coarse aggregate, short fibers, etc. may be mixed in. In order to improve the performance, separation inhibitors and the like may be added.

In addition, the fluid vegetation base material 22 is a normal vegetation base material for spraying, and is mainly made by mixing soil, seeds, fertilizers, etc. and kneading it with water, and there are no particular limitations on the blending content, blending method, etc. However, from the viewpoint of kneadability, separability, fluidity, etc., it is preferable that the proportion of water be 20 to 70% of the total weight of the mixed material, and the soil used should have kneadability, In order to improve fluidity and pumpability, it is preferable to use a sieve to remove large impurities such as roots of plants, coarse aggregate with a maximum dimension of 50 mm or more, or other impurities. In addition, the seeds used depend on the climate,
It is selected as appropriate depending on the soil, etc., but it is preferable to use a mixture of various plants in order to achieve early germination, vegetation growth, soil reinforcement, etc., and the mixing ratio of seeds is as follows:
In terms of germination and vegetation, 500g per ^1m3 of all mixed materials
It is desirable to mix more than 10%. In addition, the fertilizer to be used should be selected appropriately depending on the soil quality, but in order to improve initial germination, growth, and long-term growth and vegetation, in addition to regular fertilizer, fast-release and slow-release fertilizers may be used. It is also preferable to use The amount of fertilizer mixed depends on the soil quality, but it is generally preferable to mix 50 kg or more per 1 m ³ of the total mixed material.

In some cases, in order to maintain water retention over a long period of time, it may be necessary to add water retention, prevent separation of admixtures, or add fluidizers, thickeners, etc. to improve fluidity. Natural organic substances, chemical agents, soil conditioners, etc. may be mixed in to improve soil hardness, soil PH, etc.

Next, embodiments of the method for constructing slope frame vegetation of the present invention using the above-mentioned materials will be described.

If there are any obstacles on the surface of the slope, remove them and prepare the slope. Next, a slope vegetation structure is placed on the slope. When installing, anchor the appropriate points to the slope using anchors, etc. If the slope is steep, the upper end of the slope vegetation structure should be stretched with a chain block. When the slope is wide, an appropriate number of slope vegetation structures are placed vertically and horizontally. Next, fill the tank of the mortar or concrete injection filling machine with fluid mortar or concrete 21,
Insert the tip of the nozzle provided at the end of the hose of this filling machine into the mortar or concrete injection port 24 provided in the cylinder for forming the legal frame, and tie the cylinder 25 to the nozzle using an appropriate means from above the cylinder 25,
Operate mortar or concrete injection filling machine,
Press-fill with mortar or concrete. The press-fitted mortar or concrete flows downward due to its weight, and then flows laterally, filling the cylinder for forming the slope frame with mortar or concrete sequentially from bottom to top. Or, when the mortar into which concrete is poured or the concrete injection port 24 is located near the cylinder for composing the legal framework, tighten the nozzle lock and remove the means that tied the nozzle from the top of the cylinder 25 and remove the mortar. Or concrete injection port 2
The nozzle is removed from 4, the base of the tube 25 is tied up with appropriate means, and the mortar or concrete injection port 24 is sealed. Next, the nozzle is inserted into the mortar or concrete injection port 24 provided above the injection port 24 in the same manner as described above, and the mortar or concrete 21 is press-filled. Insert a nozzle into the mortar or concrete and spread the mortar or concrete over the entire cylindrical frame structure while press-fitting. Next, the nozzle is removed and the base of the tube 25 is sealed in the same manner as described above. The legal frame is now complete. If the width of the mat is wide, several injection ports 24 are provided in the width direction, and the filling is performed by press-fitting from all the injection ports 24 in the width direction at the bottom to the top from all the injection ports 24 in the width direction.

Without waiting for the mortar or concrete 21 of the above-mentioned legal frame to harden (of course, you may wait), the plant-containing bag is then filled with the fluid vegetation base material 22. Fill the tank of a vegetation base material spraying machine with fluid vegetation material 22, insert the tip of the nozzle provided at the end of the hose of this filling machine into the cut 23 provided in the bag for forming vegetation, and spray the vegetation material. Operate the material spraying machine and press-fit the vegetation base material. After press-fitting and filling, the nozzle is removed and the cut 23 is sealed. When the cut 23 is caused by misaligning the fabric, the misalignment is restored, and when the cut is made with a cutter, a piece of cloth such as a nonwoven fabric is inserted into the cut 23 to close the cut 23.

The vegetation base material 22 is filled in all the vegetation-containing bags in the same manner.

Note that the enforcement procedures, operations, etc. are not limited to those described above, and may be carried out earlier or later.

Furthermore, the shape of the bag for forming vegetation is as follows.
The shape may be a diamond shape or a circle as shown in FIG. 9, or other shapes.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 The construction slope has a length of approximately 8 m and a slope of 10% (45 m).
゜), the soil was clayey soil mixed with gravel and was an embankment.

The original material for the legal framework vegetation structure is 4.40m wide and long.
The width of the 6.5 m (approximately 29 m ² ) cylinder for constructing the legal frame into which mortar or concrete is poured is 24 cm, and the size of the vegetation construction bag surrounded by this cylinder is 81 x 80.5 cm. The parts used were those provided with connecting bodies 6 for thickness adjustment at appropriate intervals.

An iron pipe was passed through the top of this slope-framed vegetation structure in the width direction, and the pipe was suspended from a chain block, and two sheets of raw material were spread out on the slope and installed.

Next, 2.75 m ³ of ready-mixed mortar with excellent fluidity (P flow value 22 seconds), which was mixed with 500 kg of cement, 1500 kg of sand, and 300 kg of water, was transported to the site by an agitator truck. Put the mortar into the hopper of the pouring machine equipped with a squeeze pump, extend the rubber hose from the mini-crete pump (capacity 10 m ³ /hr), and use the φ15 cm hopper provided on the cylindrical body for forming the frame.
The tip of the nozzle was inserted into the mortar injection port 24, the tube 25 was tied with a string, and the mortar was injected.

As a result, the cylindrical body for constructing the legal frame was a beam with a diameter of 15 cm, and after waiting for the mortar to harden, anchors were driven into the intersections of the beams and the chain blocks were removed.

After completing the above work, add ^1m3 of soil and organic compost.
100Kg, Vermiculite 225, Watamikasu 100
, super slow-release fertilizer 3Kg, normal chemical fertilizer 3Kg, seeds: Kentatsuki 31 Fesk 0.75Kg, Weeping Love Grass 0.13Kg, Bamiuda Grass
0.15Kg, Mugwort 0.28Kg, Medhagi 0.43Kg and water 1000
The slurry was poured into a stirring tank and stirred to form a slurry-like vegetation base material, which was then transported to the site, pumped through a hose using a squeeze pump (capacity 1.5m ³ /hr), and then passed through a tapered nozzle attached to the end of the hose. Then, the tip of the nozzle was inserted into a cut 23 of about 3 cm in the upper end of the legal frame vegetation composition bag, and the slurry-like vegetation base material was injected. This process was repeated one after another to fill each of the bags containing plants, and the average thickness was approximately 3.5 cm.

The number of workers involved in this construction is 1 pump worker.
A small team of three people, one person for pouring mortar and vegetation base materials, and one person for modifying the vegetation structure of the slope, completed all the steps including preparation for construction, construction, and several other steps.

In addition, the construction time of approximately 30m ² at this time was approximately 20 minutes for preparation of laying the slope vegetation structure, approximately 10 minutes for pouring mortar,
Total amount in approximately 40 minutes for vegetation base material injection and approximately 40 minutes for cleaning up.
The work was completed in a short time of about 2 hours.

For comparison, we combined the lattice frame (1m x 1m diamond) construction method and the soil spraying method to perform construction on the same area with 3 workers, and the results showed that construction preparation took approximately 50 minutes, lattice frame placement and assembly took approximately 120 minutes, It took about 5 hours in total, including 70 minutes for spraying the vegetation base material and 40 minutes for cleaning up afterwards.

The present invention has the configuration as described above, and the main effects will be explained as follows.

(1) Since the vegetation base material 22 can be filled into the bag body for constructing vegetation before the mortar or concrete 21 inside the cylinder for constructing the slope frame has hardened, the construction period can be shortened, and as a slope construction method, vegetation can be promoted. .

(2) A simple operation of pouring mortar or concrete 21 into the slope-forming cylinder of the slope-framed vegetation structure stretched on the slope, and pouring the vegetation base material 22 into the vegetation-forming bag. Since it does not require any skill and can be carried out by a small number of people, the cost is low.

(3) Since the vegetation base material 22 is filled in the bag,
Even if heavy rainfall occurs, there is no fear that the vegetation base material will be washed away, and complete vegetation can be created.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial plan view of a slope vegetation structure used in the implementation of the slope vegetation construction method of the present invention, and Figures 2, 3, and 4 are the - line and - line in Figure 1, respectively.
line, - cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow along the line, second
Figure A, Figure 3A, and Figure 4A are partial sectional views showing the state filled with mortar and vegetation base material corresponding to Figures 2, 3, and 4, respectively, and Figure 5 is the legal frame of the present invention. 6 and 7, which are partial plan views of a slope vegetation structure different from that shown in FIG. 1, used for implementing the vegetation construction method, are shown along the lines - and - in FIG. 5, respectively. 6A and 7A are partial sectional views taken in the direction of arrows along the line, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are partial sectional views showing a state filled with mortar and vegetation base material corresponding to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a slope vegetation structure different in aspect from that shown in FIG. 1, which is used to carry out the slope vegetation construction method of the present invention. In addition, in the figure, numeral 21 indicates mortar or concrete, and 22 indicates a vegetation base material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Filling mortar or concrete to form a legal frame, and filling the legal frame surrounded by the continuous cloth cylinder for forming a legal frame, and filling the vegetation base material with the legal frame forming cylinder. After the slope vegetation structure, which is integrally provided with a cloth bag for composing the vegetation, is stretched on the slope, fluid mortar or concrete is poured into the slope. A mortar or concrete legal frame is constructed on the slope surface by press-filling the material into the body, and then a fluid vegetation base material is press-fitted into the vegetation composition bag to create a vegetation area within the legal frame. A slope slope vegetation construction method characterized by the construction of a slope.