JPS628599B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device used when excavating a trench for burying a gas pipe and retaining earth, for example, by introducing the device of the present invention between the completed earth retaining part and the tip of the excavation. The purpose is to carry out excavation and earth retaining work safely and efficiently.

This type of excavation and earth retaining method, which has been commonly used in the past, involves primary excavation (limited to a depth of 1.5 m) using an excavator, and then simple steel sheet piles or wooden sheet piles are erected around the outer periphery of the trench to provide cut support. Construction. Next, secondary excavation is carried out, and the trench is excavated by repeating the process of driving sheet piles and constructing shear shoring.

Such conventional construction methods have many problems, such as those listed below, and it has been desired to solve them quickly.

(1) When assembling cut shoring by erecting sheet piles, workers must enter the trench to carry out the work, but until the shear shoring assembly is completed, workers must not work on the slope (excavation). The ground surrounding the ditch was in an extremely dangerous condition, and there were many accidents in which workers inside the ditch were injured due to landslides.

(2) During the work, after digging a trench to a certain depth with an excavator, the excavation is stopped, and the excavation is repeated by driving sheet piles with the bucket of the excavator and starting the excavation again. The machine utilization rate is extremely low (usually 30-40%). For this reason, there are few merits of mechanical digging, and the overall work efficiency is reduced.

(3) The area in which earth retaining work can be carried out at one time is limited to the range that the bucket of the excavator can reach, which is approximately 4 meters, so the work is repeated within that range.
As a result, there is a lot of loss time, and the amount of work per day is usually limited to 2 to 3 spans (8 to 12 m) when the amount of excavated soil per 1 m width is 3 to 4 m ³ .

(4) Since the sheet piles are repeatedly placed, vibration and noise are generated over a long period of time, which is undesirable.

(5) The vibration and impact during driving of sheet piles are intermittent and require a long period of time, which promotes the compaction phenomenon of the ground when the ground is mixed with gravel or cobblestones. As a result, penetration resistance increases and the amount of work required is less than half that of ordinary soil (1 to 1.5 spans/day).
Work efficiency will decrease significantly.

The present invention was made in order to solve the problems of the conventional construction methods as described above, and provides an excavation and earth retaining device that is safe and can significantly improve work efficiency during excavation and earth retaining. .
The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view, FIG. 3 is a bottom view, FIG. 4 is a front view, and FIG. 5 is a rear view. In the figure,
1 is the main body of the device, which consists of a tail and a head. In the tail part, 2, 2 is an upper earth retaining blade 3, 3 is a lower earth retaining blade, each with H
It is fixed at a predetermined interval _W1 on both sides of fixing members 4 and 5 made of shaped steel or the like. Note that the lower fixing member 5
can be disassembled if necessary.
6, 6 are upper and lower retaining blades 2, 2 and 3, 3
This is a support column that maintains a constant distance between the top and bottom, and is fixed to the top and bottom fixing members 4 and 5, respectively.

In the head, 7,7 is a knife plate,
It is connected to the upper retaining blades 2, 2 via hinges 8, 8, and its tips are sharply formed. Reference numerals 9, 9 denote auxiliary blades formed in a bag or C-shape, which are connected to the lower retaining blades 3, 3 via hinges 8, 8, into which auxiliary knife plates 10, 10 are slidably inserted. has been done. 1
1 and 11 are catches provided on the auxiliary blades 9 and 9;
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, an elongated hole 12 having a large diameter portion at one end is provided, and a receiving rod 13 having large diameter portions at both ends is removably attached, and the receiving rod 13 is moved in the direction of the arrow (in the direction of the arrow). 3), the auxiliary knife plates 10, 10 that come into contact with this can be moved forward in the direction of the arrow.

Reference numerals 14, 14 are connection plates that hold the knife plates 7, 7 and the auxiliary blades 9, 9 vertically at a predetermined interval, and are provided with seats 15, 15. As shown in FIG. 7, the catch seats 15, 15 have a long hole 16 with a large diameter part at the top, and a catch rod 17 with a large diameter part at both ends is removably attached. Receiving rod 1
By towing 7 in the direction of the arrow (FIG. 1), the main body 1 can be propelled in the direction of the arrow.
18 is an upper interlocking mechanism, and 19 is a lower interlocking mechanism, which are connected to knife plates 7, 7 and auxiliary blades 9, 9, respectively, and lock mechanisms 19, 20.
It is equipped with 21, 21 are auxiliary blades 9, 9
It is an uneven part provided along the length direction of both side surfaces. In addition, the upper and lower retaining blades 2, 2 and 3, 3
and the respective spacing W ₁ of the knife plates 7, 7
What is the distance W ₂ between the auxiliary knife plates 10 and 10?
There is a relationship of W ₁ < W ₂ , W ₂ /2 - W ₁ /2 ≒ 50mm
selected to a certain extent.

An example of the use of the apparatus of the present invention configured as described above will be explained as follows. First, a hole having a predetermined depth and a predetermined width and corresponding to the length of the main body 1 is excavated, and the main body 1 is inserted into this hole. Then the 8th
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 9, sheet piles 30 are driven into the gaps formed by the upper and lower retaining blades 2, 2, 3, and 3 and the face of the groove, and temporary shoring 40 is provided. in this case,
It is convenient if a hydraulic jack whose length is adjustable is used for the temporary tension 41. At this time, the upper and lower retaining blades 2, 2, 3, 3 and the knife plates 7, 7,
Auxiliary blades 9, 9 and auxiliary knife plate 1
Since the points 0 and 10 face the earth pressure around the groove, collapse of earth and sand can be prevented.

Next, attach the bucket of the excavator (not shown) to the receiving rod 1.
7 to gradually propel the main body 1, remove the catch rod 17 from the catch seat 15, hook the bucket onto the catch rod 13, and move the auxiliary knife plates 10, 1.
Advance 0. In this state, the space between the knife plates 7, 7 and the auxiliary knife plates 10, 10 is excavated with a bucket. At this time, the side surface of the face is stabilized by the upper and lower retaining blades 2, 2, 3, 3, knife plates 7, 7, auxiliary blades 9, 9, and auxiliary knife blades 10, 10, so excavation is carried out at once to the bottom depth. can do.

In this way, the main body 1 is successively propelled and excavated while the sheet piles 30 are driven between the tail of the main body 1 and the slope to provide temporary shoring 40. In this case, trench excavation and earth retaining can be carried out by replacing the sheet piles on the main shoring 50 in an order that prevents them from falling over.

Generally, in the case of mechanical excavation, there is a tendency for the ground near the bottom to remain, but according to the device of the present invention, by advancing the auxiliary knife plates 10, 10 before propelling the main body 1, the ground at the corner part tends to be left behind to some extent. Since the mountain is cut down and the face is penetrated, main body 1
The tip of the head does not lift up or lean forward when propelled. Moreover, since the auxiliary blades 9, 9 have uneven portions on both sides thereof so as to strongly contact and dig into the ground surface, horizontal mobility can be further improved.

On the other hand, if there is an obstacle underground, the support column 6,
By removing 6 and the connecting plates 14, 14, the upper and lower parts can be completely separated, so that the object can be passed over or under an obstacle while constructing earth retaining. After passing the obstacle, the main body 1 is reconfigured by attaching the support columns 6, 6 and the connecting plate 14.

When the groove is curved to some extent, by pulling the main body 1 along the groove, the knife plates 7, 7 and the auxiliary blades 9, 9 can be connected to the connecting mechanism 1.
Since the propulsion direction is changed around the hinges 8 and 8 via the hinges 8 and 19, a groove can be excavated along the curve. In addition, when excavating a trench in a straight line, the directivity can be improved by fixing the head in a straight line using the lock mechanisms 19 and 20.

In the above description, a case is shown in which the head is rotatably attached to the tail via the hinges 8, 8, but the head and the tail may be fixed or may be constructed integrally. Furthermore, although a case has been described in which an auxiliary blade with a slidably built-in auxiliary knife plate is provided at the lower part of the head, a knife plate similar to the upper knife plate may be connected to the lower retaining blade.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the following remarkable effects can be achieved.

(1) Since the trench face is held in place by the tail and head, there is no risk of the earth and sand collapsing during temporary shoring construction, making it extremely safe.

(2) During the work, since the excavator can excavate to the bottom depth in one go and then drive the sheet piles all at once, the machine operating rate for excavation is high and the overall work efficiency can be greatly improved. can. In addition, since excavation can be carried out continuously, the amount of work per day can be reduced to 16
It was possible to raise the height to about 20m.

(3) Since the arrow can be cast all the way to below the bottom in one go, the casting time can be greatly shortened, and the time required for vibrations and noise to occur due to this can be greatly reduced. Moreover, this prevents the compaction phenomenon from occurring even in the case of a ground mixed with gravel or cobblestones, so there is no risk of a decrease in work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view, Fig. 3 is a bottom view, Fig. 4 is a front view, Fig. 5 is a rear view, and Figs. 6 and 7 are a catch plate. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the device of the present invention in use, and FIG. 9 is a side view thereof. 1: Main body, 2: Upper retaining blade, 3: Lower retaining blade, 4, 5: Fixed member, 6: Support column, 7: Knife plate, 8: Hinge, 9: Auxiliary blade, 10: Auxiliary knife blade, 11,1
5: catch seat, 13, 17: catch rod, 14: connecting plate, 3
0: Sheet pile, 40: Temporary shoring, 50: Main shoring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Upper earth retaining blades fixed oppositely to both sides of the first fixing member and lower retaining blades fixed oppositely to both sides of the second fixing member are arranged above and below. A tail portion held by a support pillar, a knife plate facing each other at a slightly wider interval than the tail portion, and an auxiliary blade having a slidably built-in auxiliary knife plate and facing each other are arranged above and below. and a head connected by a connecting plate, the head is rotatably connected to the tail via a hinge, and a receiving rod is detachably attached to the connecting plate. equipment.