JPS63100991A - Hammering device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a hammering device that uses impact to peel off and remove powder and granules adhering to the inner walls of a hopper for storing granules and a pipe for transfer.

[Conventional technology]

For example, when storing and transporting granular materials such as ceramics, ceramic raw materials, and food flour, these granular materials often adhere to the internal flow path. When the amount of powder and granules adheres to a large amount, rat holes, bridges, or arching occur in the storage hopper. The powder and granules are discharged from the tank and become uniform. Furthermore, even in the transfer piping, the amount of adhesion becomes large and the flow path area is reduced, which may make it impossible to transfer the powder or granular material.

In order to solve such problems in handling powder and granular materials, a hammering device has been used which applies an impact to the wall surface of a hopper or the pipe wall of a pipe, thereby removing the adhered powder and granular material.

This hammering device mainly uses a fluid flange that uses air as the working fluid, and has a configuration in which the tip of the actuator directly collides with the hopper wall or pipe wall, or indirectly applies an impact to prevent damage to the wall. It is something. In addition, depending on the properties of the internal powder and granular material and the installation position in the hopper or pipe line, the If
Some can change the ir tl power.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, when air is used as the working fluid, it is necessary to provide a fluid circuit including a compressor, oiler, air cleaner, etc. for applying pressure to the working fluid. This not only increases the size of the equipment itself, but also poses a major problem in that the working environment deteriorates due to the operating noise of the compressor.

Furthermore, even if a sealing mechanism is installed to prevent dust from entering between the sliding surfaces of the cylinder and actuator, the intrusion of fine powder is unavoidable, and due to poor sliding, it may not be possible to apply an accurate impact to the surface. be. Furthermore, especially when air is used as the working fluid, there is a limit to shortening the air supply/discharge interval when reciprocating the actuator because the influence of the compressibility of the fluid is large. For this reason, there is an upper limit to the number of times the actuator applies impact per unit time, which is an obstacle to efficient removal of adhered powder and granules.

Therefore, the present invention utilizes electromagnetic force to ii n
We aim to simplify the equipment by moving materials,
The purpose is to improve the efficiency of removal work by increasing the number of impacts.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a sliding rod that directly or indirectly applies an impact force to the peripheral wall of a hollow machine frame fixed to a peripheral wall of a hopper or a pipe line, and the axis of the sliding rod. The sliding rod is provided so as to be movable in the direction, and the sliding rod has a structure including a magnetic material in a part thereof, and an electromagnetic coil that moves the sliding rod in the direction of the peripheral wall when energized is arranged around the sliding rod. It is characterized by what it did.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, features of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views showing a first embodiment of the hammering device of the present invention.

The hammering device 1 includes a hopper A as shown in FIG.
By applying an impact to the peripheral wall, the powder B adhering to the inner wall is peeled off and removed. In addition, it is fixed in a position that can similarly apply an impact to the wall of a pipe or the like that transports the powder or granular material.

In FIG. 1, the hammering device 1 has a cylindrical closed machine frame 4 with flanges 2, 3 at both ends, and a peripheral wall a! to the hopper. : Base plate 5 that gives impact
is connected to the flange 2 at one end. This base plate 5 is fixed to the peripheral wall a of the hopper A by welding, and the impact force caused by the operation of the sliding rod 6 within the machine frame 4 is transmitted to the peripheral wall a.

The sliding rod 6 is made by integrating a base 7 made of a magnetic metal material such as iron and a head 8 located on the base plate 5 side. It is slidably supported in the axial direction by a predetermined number of yoke members 9 arranged within the machine frame 4, and when the head 8 at one end abuts the base plate 5, the i! r
It is designed to give 5 powers. The head 8 is made of a non-magnetic metal material such as stainless steel, and a buffer body 10 made of rubber or the like is disposed on the flange 3 side to receive the base 7.

The sliding rod 6 is movable toward the base plate 5 by electromagnetic force when the operating electromagnetic coil 11 or the iA protection electromagnetic coil 12 is energized by utilizing the fact that the iron base 7 is a magnetic material. That is, an operating electromagnetic coil 11 and an evacuation electromagnetic coil 12 surrounding the sliding rod 6 are arranged inside the machine frame 4, and the sliding movement is caused by the action of the magnetic field when these electromagnetic coils 11 and 12 are energized. Rod 6 is the first
Move to the position shown in Figures and Figure 2.

Further, when the operating electromagnetic coil 11 is energized and the sliding rod 6 is moved to the impact position shown in FIG. 2, the center of the base body 7 in the axial direction coincides with the center of the operating electromagnetic coil 11.

Therefore, the distance in the axial direction between the head 8 and half of the base body 70 is set so that the head 8 can apply an impact to the base plate 5.

These operating electromagnetic coil 11 and evacuation electromagnetic coil 1
2 is energized by a cable 13 connected to an external control panel (not shown). Furthermore, the energization is controlled by changing the moving speed, moving interval, etc. of the sliding rod 6. For example, if the movement speed during operation is increased, the impact force applied to the base plate 5 can be increased, so the magnitude of the impact force can be arbitrarily changed by controlling the current or voltage applied depending on the usage conditions. Can be done.

Further, by changing the cycle of energizing both electromagnetic coils 11 and 12, the number of impacts per unit time can be changed.

Furthermore, a communication pipe 14 is provided outside the machine frame 4 to allow the sliding rod 6 to move without any trouble. This communication pipe 14
has a function of releasing air within the machine frame 4 according to the direction of movement of the sliding rod 6 when the sliding rod 6 moves. That is, since the two proximal ends of the communicating tube 14 are open to the base plate 5 side and the support (#) to the body 10 side, when the sliding rod 6 moves toward the base plate 5 from the state shown in FIG. , the air inside the machine frame 4 flows to the right inside the communication pipe 14. As a result, the air inside the machine frame 4 on the side where the sliding rod 6 is about to move is removed, and the air inside the machine frame 4 is removed without being subjected to resistance from the internal air. The sliding rod 6 can be moved.

In the above configuration, when the operating electromagnetic coil 11 or the retraction electromagnetic coil 12 is energized, the sliding rod 6 is moved by the generated magnetic field. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when a voltage with a pulse width T1 is applied to the actuating electromagnetic coil 11, the sliding rod 6 is attracted by the magnetic field generated by the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 and moves to the position shown in FIG. . At this time,
If the moving speed of the sliding rod 6 due to the magnetic field is increased to a certain extent, the head 8 will collide with the base plate 5, thereby applying an impact to the peripheral wall a of the hopper A, and at the same time the sliding rod 6 will stop at the position shown in FIG. do. Note that when the sliding rod 6 moves, the base plate 5 also moves due to its inertia.
Because it collides with! ! ? The striking power increases. Further, since the head 8 is made of a non-magnetic material, it will not be attracted even if the base plate 5 is magnetized.

Next, at time T2 after the energization to the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 ends, a pulse width T is applied to the retracting coil 12.

When a voltage of 1 is applied, the retraction electromagnetic coil 12 generates a magnetic field that pulls the base body 7 to the right, thereby returning the sliding rod 6 to the state shown in FIG.

After that, the operating electromagnetic coil 11 is activated in a cycle of time T4.
is energized to generate a magnetic field that pulls the base 7 toward the base plate 5, and the main electromagnetic coil 12 for TA is connected to the first
The operation of generating a magnetic field to return to the state shown in the figure is performed alternately to cause the sliding loader to reciprocate.

Here, if it is necessary to increase the impact force, in addition to increasing the number of turns of the actuating electromagnetic coil 11, energization conditions that increase the electromagnetic force may be provided. Therefore, the IrS force can be changed arbitrarily by controlling the energization, and the impact force can be set according to the position of use.

Also, by changing the interval of voltage application time, it is easy to increase or decrease the number of blows per unit time.When using a pneumatic cylinder, it takes time to fill the air, so 1 second The number of possible impacts is approximately 1, but with the device of the present invention that uses electromagnetic force, this number is reduced to 3.
It was possible to increase the number of times. Therefore, efficient hammering work can be performed in a short time.

Furthermore, by making the machine frame 4 airtight, it is possible to prevent powder particles from entering the inside, and wear of movable members such as the sliding rod 6 can be avoided. Therefore, durability is improved and the lifespan can be extended. In particular, in plants that process salt, sugar, etc., the processed products are highly hygroscopic, so it is extremely effective to prevent these from entering the plant. Further, unlike a pneumatic cylinder, the sliding rod 6 is not driven by supplying and discharging fluid, so there is no need to increase the precision between the sliding surfaces of the sliding rod 6 and the yoke material 9. Therefore, it becomes easy to process the sliding rod 6 and the like, and manufacturing costs can be reduced compared to the conventional hydraulic cylinder type.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, in FIG. 5, components corresponding to the same components described in the first embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof is omitted.

The machine frame 4 is a tube-shaped structure that uses iron pipes such as gas pipes.
Preferably, a ferromagnetic metal material is used. Inside this machine frame 4, there is an inner tube 2 into which a sliding rod 6 is slidably inserted.
0 are arranged coaxially in a double tube shape. This inner tube 20 is
For example, a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel is used. In addition, the base plate 5 connected to the flange 2 is
The outer end surface is made flat, and when actually attached to the hopper A, a metal adapter (not shown) protruding from this outer end surface is attached. Further, the machine frame 4 is provided with yoke members 9 at three locations as in the case of the first embodiment, and the inner tube 20 is held by these yoke members 9.

Here, the sliding rod 6 is made of a magnetic material such as 545C, for example.
As mentioned above, the inner tube 20 is made of a non-magnetic material made of stainless steel, the frame 4 is made of a magnetic material made of iron pipe, and the base plate 5 is made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel to prevent the sliding rod 6 from being attracted.
The yoke material 9 is a magnetic material made of SS material. In this way, each member is constructed from a combination of magnetic or non-magnetic materials.

Among these, the sliding rod 6 is entirely made of magnetic material, and the first
This is different from the embodiment in which the head 8 made of a non-magnetic material is connected to the base body 7 made of a magnetic material. In addition, this sliding rod is subjected to heat treatment and has a tk"l relative to the base plate 5.
In order to prevent the occurrence of distortion, it is preferable to perform hardening. Further, in order to prevent the edge portion of the end face from fracturing caused by impact on the base plate 5, the entire circumference of the edge is chamfered.

6 is a sectional view taken along the line I-I in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the inner tube 2.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the yoke member 0 and the yoke member 9. FIG.

The yoke members 9 are arranged at three locations on the flange 2.3 side and approximately in the center, and are inserted into the inner periphery of the vibrator-shaped machine frame 4 in a substantially fitted state as shown in FIG.

Four notches 21 are provided on the circumferential surface of this yoke material 9 to create a gap between it and the inner wall of the machine frame 4. On the other hand, a plurality of ventilation holes 22 are provided at both ends of the inner tube 20 to which the yoke material 9 is fitted on the outer periphery for air circulation due to the movement of the sliding rod 6.

When the yoke material 9 and the inner tube 20 are assembled into the machine frame 4, the yoke members 9 at both ends are positioned closer to the center in the axial direction than the ventilation hole 22 of the inner tube 20. With this arrangement, when the sliding rod 6 moves, the air inside the inner tube 20 is discharged into the outer machine frame 4 from the ventilation hole 22 on the side in the moving direction. At the same time, the air flows through the machine frame 4 through the notch 21 provided in the yoke material 9, and the air flows into the inner tube 20 again from the ventilation hole 22 on the opposite side. In this way, the ventilation hole 22 is provided in the inner tube 20 and the notch 21 is formed in the yoke material 9 to provide a gap between the inner wall of the machine frame 4 and the inner wall of the machine frame 4. Air resistance can be reduced to almost zero. Further, the above structure eliminates the need for the communication pipe 14 described in the first embodiment, eliminates the bulk of the entire device, and enables miniaturization.

Also in the second embodiment having the above structure, the sliding rod 6 is actuated by controlling the energization of the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 and the retracting electromagnetic coil 12.

FIG. 8 is an energization time chart showing a method of controlling the operating electromagnetic coil 11 and the retracting electromagnetic coil 12. In this time chart, unlike the one described in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment, at the start of operation, first the evacuation electromagnetic coil 12
A pulse current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 11 side after a certain time after the end of the current application. As a result of energizing the operating electromagnetic coil 11, the sliding rod 6
moves in the direction of paceblate 5 and gives an impact.

By the way, such a control in which electricity is first applied to the retracting electromagnetic coil 12 side to set the sliding rod 6 at its retracted position has the following advantages. That is, for example, when the flange 3 is in a lower position, the sliding rod 6 is lowered by its own weight and is in its retracted position throughout the non-operation period.

Therefore, if the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 is first energized, the sliding rod 6 will be moved to the base plate 5 at the same time as the initial energization.
Move in the direction and give fk'll. However, if the flange 2 is in the downward position, the sliding rod 6 is lowered toward the base plate 5 during non-operation, so even if the operating electromagnetic coil 11 is first energized, it will not slide. The rod 6 merely maintains its position and does not perform any impact movement. To avoid this, if the evacuation electromagnetic coil 12 is first energized, the sliding rod 6 that is descending will move upward,
Thereafter, by energizing the operating electromagnetic coil 11, a shock is applied to the base plate.

In this way, by first energizing the retraction electromagnetic coil 12 in pulses, the impact operation can be performed from an initial stage without any delay. Therefore, no matter what attitude the device is attached to the hopper 8, efficient hammering can be performed without wasting electricity.

Furthermore, in this second embodiment, the machine frame 4 and the yoke material 9 are made of ferromagnetic materials, so that the lines of magnetic force of the operating electromagnetic coil 11 and the evacuation electromagnetic coil X2 are caused by the yoke material 9. A magnetic circuit is formed between the sliding rod 6 and the machine frame 4 made of magnetic material. For this reason, the electromagnetic coil 11 for operation and evacuation
．． When energizing 12, a structure with less magnetic leakage is obtained, and the attraction force against the sliding rod 6 is increased. Therefore, the impact force on the base plate 5 is large (and the interval between impact and evacuation is also shortened, making it possible to work even more efficiently).

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

This example is a partial modification of the structure of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and explanations of common members with those of the second embodiment are omitted.

An opening 23 is provided in the base plate 5 so as to be coaxial with the sliding rod 6, and an impact head 24 provided at the tip of the sliding rod 6 emerges and retracts from this opening 23, and directly hits the peripheral wall a of the hopper A with its tip. This embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that it has a structure that applies impact. That is, an impact head 24 made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel is integrated at the tip of the sliding rod 6, and this impact head 24 is configured to be able to emerge and retract from the opening 23. The impact head 24 is large enough to protrude through the opening 23 as shown in the figure when the sliding rod 6 moves toward the base plate 5.

Furthermore, 1? By providing the opening 23 through which the striking head 24 emerges and retracts, there is no airtightness within the machine frame 4, but the structure similar to that shown in FIG. 5 with the inner tube 20 and yoke material 9 prevents sliding. To reduce air resistance against the rod 6. In addition, the operating electromagnetic coil 11 and the evacuation electromagnetic coil 1
The control of energization to 2 is also exactly the same as that of the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Also in this example, detailed explanations of those corresponding to the members of the previous example have been omitted.

Inside the machine frame 4, only the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 is arranged approximately at the center in the axial direction. The sliding rod 6 has a base 7 made of a magnetic material, and a shock absorber 25 made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel is integrated at the tip of the base 7. Furthermore, between the base plate 5 and the base 7, the sliding rod 6 is inserted from the base plate 5. A compression coil spring 26 is provided that biases in the direction of separation.

i1? The S head 25 is smaller in diameter than the base body 7, and the compression coil spring 26 is arranged to surround the impact head 25. Note that the inner tube 20 that houses the sliding rod 6 and the yoke material 9 are exactly the same as those in the previous embodiment, and the yoke material 9 has a notch and the inner tube 20 has a ventilation hole (
(both not shown) are provided.

In this structure equipped with a single actuating electromagnetic coil 11, the sliding rod 6 moves toward the base plate 5 as shown in FIG. Then, when the energization to the actuating electromagnetic coil 11 is stopped, the generation of magnetic force disappears, and the sliding rod 6 returns to its original position as shown in FIG. 10(a) due to the biasing force of the compression coil spring 26. Return.

As described above, even a single electromagnetic coil can be used as an intermittent i-striking device by providing reciprocating motion to the sliding rod 6 by providing appropriate mechanical means.

FIG. 11 shows a partially modified structure of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 1O. In other words, the evacuation electromagnetic coil 1
2 is placed on the side away from the base plate 5, and the compression coil spring 26 is provided on the flange 3 side.

Note that an impact head 25 made of a non-magnetic material is integrated at the tip of the base body 7.

In this structure, the retraction electromagnetic filter 12 acts to attract the base 7 of the sliding rod 6, and the compression coil spring 26 biases the sliding rod 6 toward the base plate 5, giving it an impact. That is, when the retraction electromagnetic coil 12 is energized, the base body 7 is attracted by the generation of electromagnetic force and held in the non-operating position shown in FIG. is in a free state where it is not subjected to magnetic force, and the base plate 5 is moved by the biasing force of the compression coil spring 26 as shown in FIG.
Move to the side and impact it.

Note that even with the single electromagnetic coil shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the necessary hammering work can be performed by appropriately controlling the energization of this electromagnetic coil.

Furthermore, FIG. 12 shows an example of a structure in which four electromagnetic coils are arranged.

Inside the machine frame 4, a first. Second. 3rd and 4th electromagnetic coil 27.2g
, 29, 30 are arranged, and each electromagnetic coil 27 to 30 is provided with a circuit for controlling energization. Further, the entire sliding rod 6 is formed of a magnetic material, and the dimensional relationship between the sliding rod 6 and each electromagnetic coil 27 to 30 is such that the axial length of the sliding rod 6 is the same as that of the adjacent electromagnetic coil 2. It should be slightly longer than the individual pieces.

f=O In the illustrated example, illustration of the yoke material etc. is omitted, but the basic structure is exactly the same as that shown in FIGS. 5 and 9.

FIG. 13 shows a time chart for energizing each of the electromagnetic coils 27 to 30. According to this chart, first, pulse current is applied only to the second electromagnetic coil 28 in the state shown in FIG.
). When the sliding rod 6 reaches the position Q)) in this figure, if only the first electromagnetic coil 27 is energized, the sliding rod 6 further moves to the left, reaches the base plate 5, and impacts it. (same figure (
C]). Next, when the third electromagnetic coil 29 is energized, the sliding rod 6 retreats and reaches the position shown in FIG. 3(d). When the fourth electromagnetic coil 30 is further energized, the sliding rod 6 further retreats and returns to its original position as shown in FIG.

As described above, by arranging a plurality of electromagnetic coils along the moving direction of the sliding rod 6 and sequentially energizing these electromagnetic coils, the impact action by the sliding rod 6 and A! ! The following actions can be performed. And i,
fr'! ! In operation, the sliding rod is continuously attracted and moved by a plurality of electromagnetic coils,
Moreover, the movement speed is accelerated, so the base plate 5
The impact force will be greater. Further, by continuously energizing each electromagnetic coil, the movement of the sliding rod 6 can be accelerated, and the number of impact loads per unit time can also be increased. Therefore, increased impact forces and reduced impact intervals allow for efficient operation.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the hammering device of the present invention, a sliding rod containing a magnetic material is installed inside the machine frame, and the sliding rod is moved using electromagnetic force generated by an electromagnetic coil. The movement of the sliding rod can be converted directly or indirectly into an impact force on the object by reciprocating the movement. Therefore, by changing the aTx conditions for the electromagnetic coil that moves the sliding rod, it is possible to increase or decrease the impact force and change the impact cycle as desired. The removal work can be done efficiently. In addition, unlike hammering devices that use fluid pressure, which have a lagging delay and impact cycle limitations due to the compressibility of the fluid, it is possible to accurately operate the sliding rod (Ij "71 cycles"). can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hammering device of the present invention when the sliding rod is in the retracted position, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view when the sliding rod is located in the impact position, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the hammering device of the present invention when the sliding rod is in the retracted position. The time chart for energizing the electromagnetic coil and the evacuation electromagnetic coil, FIG. 4, shows a state in which the hammering device is fixed to the peripheral wall of the hopper for powder and granular materials. FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line I-T in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the inner tube and yoke material, and Fig. 8 is an electromagnetic diagram of the hammering device shown in Fig. 5. A time chart for energizing the coil is shown. Furthermore, FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 show other embodiments. Further, FIG. 13 shows a time chart for energizing each electromagnetic coil in the case of the apparatus shown in FIG. 12. 1: Hammering device f2, 3: Flange 4; Machine frame
5: Base plate 6: Sliding rod
7: Base 3: Head 9: Yoke material 10: Buffer
11: Operating electromagnetic coil 12: Evacuation electromagnetic coil 13: Cable 14: Communication pipe 20 Two inner pipes 21; Notch 22: Ventilation hole 23: Opening
24.25: Impact head 26: Compression coil spring 27: First electromagnetic coil 2a: Second electromagnetic coil 29;
Third electromagnetic coil 30: Fourth electromagnetic coil A: Hopper
a: Surrounding wall B: $9J particle patent applicant Nippon Magnetics Co., Ltd. Agent Masu Kobori (
and 2 others) Figure 1 Whistle 2nd cause 32 Figure 5 Figure 61 x 7 and 8L,
. Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Inside a hollow machine frame fixed to a peripheral wall of a hopper or a conduit, a sliding rod that directly or indirectly applies an impact force to the peripheral wall is movable in its axial direction. The sliding rod is provided with a structure including a magnetic material in a part thereof, and an electromagnetic coil for moving the sliding rod toward the peripheral wall when energized is arranged around the sliding rod. hammering device. 2. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein the machine frame has a sealed structure and has a base plate fixed to the peripheral wall of the hopper or the pipe line at one end thereof. 3. The machine frame further comprises an operating electromagnetic coil for moving the sliding rod toward the base plate and applying an impact thereto, and an evacuation electromagnetic coil for returning it to the evacuation position. The hammering device according to item 1 or 2. 4. The hammering device according to claim 1, further comprising a compression coil spring within the machine frame that urges the sliding rod in the impact loading direction or in the retraction direction. 5. The hammering device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of electromagnetic coils arranged around the sliding rod are arranged in combination in the axial direction of the sliding rod.