JPS6311395B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing emulsified fuel oil in which water is mixed and emulsified with fuel oil in order to improve flammability.

When mixing and emulsifying fuel oil such as kerosene, light oil, heavy oil, etc. with a predetermined ratio of water to make a water-in-oil type emulsified fuel, not only will there be no problems caused by water such as non-ignition during combustion in a burner, but On the contrary, the minute water droplets in the oil droplets injected from the burner evaporate explosively due to the high temperature inside the furnace, destroying the oil droplets and dramatically increasing the surface area, promoting mixing with air and causing a combustion similar to gas combustion. Complete combustion occurs as shown in the figure, improving combustion efficiency.

Reduces the amount of nitrogen oxides generated.

Can prevent generation of dust.

Organic hazardous waste liquid can be incinerated.

It is known that there are various effects such as.

Various emulsified fuel oil producing apparatuses have been devised and provided in search of these effects, but they have various drawbacks and have not yet become widespread.

First, to explain the conventional method, this is a method in which emulsification is performed intermittently.The fuel oil is emulsified using a series of equipment such as a constant flow oil pump, variable flow water pump, and emulsification mixer, and is then pooled in a storage tank and then supplied to the burner. The emulsification operation is performed intermittently by sensing the rise and fall of the oil level in the storage tank. When this system is used, it is inevitable that the piping between the above-mentioned series of devices and the mounts on which they are mounted will be large-sized devices. Emulsified fuel oil combustion can be performed by installing this device in the middle of a fuel oil pipe from a fuel tank having a fuel heating device to a burner, but there are various problems.

Generally speaking, fuel oil has the property of increasing its viscosity as the temperature decreases and becoming uncombustible, but this property is even more pronounced in emulsified fuel oil, so maintaining the temperature is extremely important. In addition, emulsified fuel oil has the property that as time passes after emulsification, the water droplets in the oil combine with each other and become coarse, and eventually separate and become incombustible, so the time it takes to reach combustion after emulsification is constant. It is preferable.

The conventional method requires a separate heating device because the amount of oil held within the device and the heat radiation area are large.

Stopping operation at night can cause problems in starting up the next morning.

(b) It takes time to reheat because it is cooled to room temperature.

(b) A large amount of oil separates, solidifying it and making circulation difficult, making re-emulsification difficult.

Since the time from emulsification to combustion is not constant, combustion tends to be uneven.

Since the equipment is large, there are restrictions on where it can be installed.

The price will be higher.

There are various drawbacks such as.

The present invention eliminates such a conventional complicated structure and adopts a simple and easy-to-handle control system, and provides an inexpensive and reliable method and apparatus for producing emulsified fuel oil, thereby meeting the current demands for energy saving and pollution prevention. The aim is to respond to the following.

The gist of the present invention is that the mixer is the only device that is directly installed in the fuel oil pipe, thereby minimizing the increased heat dissipation area and the amount of retained oil, reducing the temperature drop to a negligible level, and reducing the time required for combustion after emulsification. By keeping the time short and approximately constant, the emulsified oil is burnt in a good manner, and the combustion method can be easily switched.

An overview of the present invention will be explained. The flow rate of fuel oil changes depending on the heat load situation, but during normal combustion, the fuel tank acts as a pool and absorbs this fluctuation. In conventional emulsified oil manufacturing equipment, the emulsified oil storage tank serves as a pool to absorb fluctuations. As in the case of normal combustion, the present invention uses the fuel tank as it is as a pool, converts changes in oil flow rate into a signal with a flowmeter, operates a water flow control device based on the signal, and supplies water at a set ratio to the flowmeter. The mixture is sent to a mixer installed downstream of the wafer, where the two are continuously mixed and emulsified.
The present invention provides a method for producing emulsified fuel oil in which the amount of emulsified fuel oil is always adjusted to the amount of combustion.

When using this method, it is necessary to change the normally used reading type flowmeter to a signal emitting type, but this change does not increase the heat radiation area or the amount of oil held. Among flowmeters, rotor type flowmeters whose rotational speed increases or decreases in proportion to the flow rate can easily generate pulses by incorporating a permanent magnet into the rotating shaft. Other types of flow meters include differential pressure type, which senses the pressure difference before and after an orifice, and area type, where a float moves up and down in a tapered tube. The signals sent from these flowmeters include those in which the number of pulses increases or decreases in proportion to the flow rate, those in which the current increases or decreases, electrical signals such as voltage fluctuations, or signals due to changes in air pressure. You can use .

In addition to the device described in claim 2 of the present invention, a device for adjusting the water supply amount may include a plunger or diaphragm pump with a variable stroke length driven by a continuously variable speed motor, and the ratio of oil to water is adjusted according to the stroke. There is one that is set in length and uses a signal from a flow meter to adjust the motor speed to increase or decrease the number of strokes. There is also a device in which a throttle valve is provided in a conduit through which water is conveyed by a centrifugal pump or the like, and the throttle valve is operated so as to synchronize the signal sent from a water flow meter installed downstream of the throttle valve with the signal sent from an oil flow meter.

The mixer uses an in-line mixer in which stirring blades rotate at high speed inside a casing.

Next, the emulsified fuel oil production apparatus of the present invention will be explained. The outline of this system is to use a flowmeter to convert the oil flow rate in the fuel oil pipe into pulses and transmit them, and every time a certain number of pulses are generated, a water supply solenoid valve is opened for a predetermined period of time to supply water to an emulsifying mixer. In this case, a fixed number of pulses means a fixed amount of oil, so regardless of the length of time required for the pulses to count a fixed number, the water supply solenoid valve is opened for a predetermined period of time to supply a predetermined amount of water. In order to supply the same amount of water during a constant opening time of the solenoid valve, it is safe to assume that the oil pressure of the fuel oil pipe is constant, so it is sufficient to maintain the water supply pressure at a constant pressure that is superior to the hydraulic pressure of the fuel oil pipe. The amount of water discharged from the solenoid valve becomes a pulsating flow, but it is made uniform within the emulsifying mixer and there is little risk of unevenness; however, if an accumulator is provided in the water supply piping, the pulsating flow will be rectified and better results will be obtained. The mixing ratio of oil to water can be easily changed by changing the opening time of the solenoid valve.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a series of system diagrams, and FIG. 2 is a developed diagram of pulses.

In Fig. 1, the fuel oil heated to the required temperature in the oil tank T passes through the oil supply pipe 1, the pulse generating flowmeter 2, the oil supply pipe 1', the stop valve 3, and the oil supply pipe 1'', and is pressurized by the oil supply pump electric 4. The oil is injected into the furnace by the burner 6 at the tip of the oil feed pipe 5, and the injection amount is adjusted by the throttle valve 24 depending on the load situation.The excess oil passes through the relief valve 7 and the return oil pipe 8 to the oil feed pump. Return to step 4. When the stop valve 3 is closed and the bypass stop valves 9 and 9' are opened, the fuel oil flows through the bypass pipes 10 and 9'.
10', the water flows through the emulsifying mixer 11 to the oil supply pipe 1''.The water whose pressure is regulated to a constant pressure higher than the oil pressure in the oil supply pipe 1 passes through the water supply pipe 12, is controlled by a solenoid valve 13, and is fed to an accumulator 14. It is rectified and passes through the oil supply pipe 12' and the check valve 15, and then joins with the fuel oil in the bypass pipe 10.The pulses emitted from the flowmeter 2 are sent to the operation panel 17 via the electric wire 16 and counted.The received pulses An electric signal regulated by a timer 18 every fixed number of times is sent to the solenoid valve 13 via an electric wire 19 to open and close it.

FIG. 2 is a graph in which the vertical axis represents voltage and the horizontal axis represents time in the direction of the arrow. The polygonal line 20 is a pulse sent from the flow meter 2, and the interval 21 indicates the unit oil amount.When the flow rate does not change, the length is the same, but when the flow rate changes, it becomes longer as shown in the intervals 21' and 21''. The polygonal line 22 is an electric signal that operates the solenoid valve 13, and when it protrudes upward, it indicates an open state, and at other times it indicates a closed state. There is a proportional relationship, and since the open time is regulated by the timer 18 as shown in the graph width 23, the amount of water injected per unit oil amount can be kept constant.By adjusting the timer 18, the graph width 23 is regulated. By changing the opening time of the solenoid valve 13 as shown in ', the amount of water injected can be increased or decreased, and emulsified fuel oil of a desired ratio can be obtained.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained. During normal oil combustion, the stop valve 3 is opened and the bypass valves 9 and 9' are closed, and the flowmeter 2 does not emit pulses but simply adds up the amount of oil passing through. It is. To switch this relationship to emulsified oil combustion, the stop valve 3 is closed, the bypass valves 9 and 9' are opened, the emulsifying mixer is operated, and an emulsifying command is given to the operation panel 17. It is also easy to perform these switchings with a single touch using an electromagnetic method. When these changes are completed, the operation panel 17 receives the pulses sent from the flow meter 2, and sends a signal controlled by a timer to the solenoid valve 13 every fixed number of pulses, opening and closing it to adjust the water proportional to the oil flow rate. inject.
The mixing ratio of oil to water can be easily set to a desired value by adjusting the timer 18. The water discharged intermittently from the solenoid valve 13 passes through the accumulator 1 as a pulsating flow.
5, the flow is rectified by the bypass pipe 1 via the check valve 14.
At 6, the fuel oil is combined with fuel oil and turned into a water-in-oil type emulsified fuel oil at an emulsifying mixer 11, and is pressurized by an oil feed pump 4 and injected into the furnace from a burner 6 without stagnation.

In this way, when using the device of the present invention, emulsified fuel oil can be produced at a predetermined ratio by automatically following changes in fuel consumption in the burner, and the mixing ratio can be easily changed by adjusting the timer. can. The device of the present invention not only allows ordinary combustion equipment, whether new or existing, to be changed to emulsified fuel oil combustion equipment at a low cost by adding simple equipment;
During operation, it is easy to switch between regular fuel oil and emulsified fuel oil, and of the additional equipment, fuel oil only passes through the emulsification mixer, which does not have a large oil storage capacity or heat dissipation area, so it is not necessary to stop operation. There is little risk of separation, solidification, etc. of the emulsified fuel oil during operation, and restarting can be performed in exactly the same way as in the case of normal fuel oil.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is easy to change conventional combustion equipment to emulsified fuel oil combustion equipment, and the advantages of emulsified fuel oil combustion, such as fuel savings due to improved combustion efficiency, and nitrogen oxide reduction can be achieved. The amount of sulfur oxides generated is reduced, the generation of dust particles is prevented, and hazardous waste liquid can be treated by incineration, which greatly benefits energy saving and prevention of environmental pollution.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a system diagram of the entire device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure shows the development of the pulse. 1, 1', 1''...Oil supply pipe, 2...Pulse sending type flow meter, 3...Stop valve, 4...Oil feed pump, 6...Burner that injects into the furnace, 12,1
2'... Water supply pipe, 13... Solenoid valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Configure a pipe so that fuel oil passes through a flowmeter and a mixer in that order to be combusted, and sends water controlled at a predetermined ratio to the mixer via a regulating device operated by a signal emitted by the flowmeter, and then A method for producing emulsified fuel in which the two are continuously mixed and emulsified to make the amount always match the combustion amount without passing through an emulsified oil storage tank.