JPS6312834B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a railway vehicle with a high density of occupants in a space where air conditioning is performed.

[Background of the invention]

The air conditioner (hereinafter referred to as air conditioner) in conventional railway vehicles includes a cooling device on the roof,
Generally, an electric heater is installed under the seat, and in the summer, the cooling device is automatically operated based on the temperature detection signal from one thermostat, and in the winter, only the electric heater is used. However, in recent years 1
As heat pump type air conditioners that can be used for cooling and heating in railway vehicles (for example, Utility Model Publication No. 55-11325) have become widespread, air conditioners for railway vehicles also include operation control instead of co-locating a cooling device and an electric heater. Attempts are being made to replace the air conditioner with a heat pump type air conditioner. In particular, there has been a need for more detailed energy-saving temperature control and ventilation control than the conventional automatic operation of cabin temperature detection using only a thermostat. A control device is required that has the ability to provide appropriate control signals to the However, the above-mentioned control devices are generally susceptible to heat, dust, vibration, and shock, and if installed in a place with high temperature, high humidity, lots of dust, and strong vibrations, the electronic circuits and power supply circuits inside the control device may malfunction. There is. In particular, due to the rise in ambient temperature and the self-heating of the electronic components that make up the circuit, the temperature inside the control device, which has a sealed structure, may further rise and exceed the allowable limit temperature of the electronic components. When the temperature of an electronic component exceeds a permissible limit temperature, its characteristics deteriorate and the characteristics of the entire circuit become unstable, resulting in abnormal operating functions. In addition, in cases of high humidity,
Dust adhering to electronic circuits can cause poor insulation of the electronic circuits, and further, vibrations and shocks propagated from the vehicle due to the mounting structure and mounting position of the control device to the air conditioner can damage the electronic components that make up the electronic circuits. In the worst case scenario, there was a risk of accidents such as short circuits and malfunctions.

By the way, when a railway vehicle air conditioner that has multiple detectors and a control device that controls each device based on the detection results of the detectors is mounted on the roof, radiant heat from direct sunlight during the day can The ambient temperature of the control device becomes abnormally high. Furthermore, since the space to be air-conditioned has a high residential density, there are many pollutants such as dust and cigarette smoke floating in the air inside the cabin. For this reason,
Conventional control devices using a single thermostat and relay drive adopt a distributed system in which the thermostat is installed inside the air conditioner and the control device is installed in the end of the vehicle passenger compartment, thereby preventing any negative effects on the control device. I had lost it. However, with the above configuration, it is impossible to install multiple detectors and immediately detect the situation in the cabin and perform optimal air conditioning control due to the response delay of each device. Installing both in the same space and adopting a closed structure for the control device are essential for fine-grained control. Therefore, there was a problem that this conflicted with the cause of the malfunction in the control device described above.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the influence of mechanical vibrations by making the control device a sealed structure and installing it at the circulating air intake port of the air conditioner, and to reduce the influence of mechanical vibration by self-heating during operation of the control device. An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner for a railway vehicle that can prevent problems such as malfunctions and improve operability.

[Summary of the invention]

According to the present invention, a control device for an air conditioner and a plurality of detectors connected to the control device are arranged in a return port through which circulating air from a vehicle passenger compartment flows, and after the air conditioner performs preliminary heating and cooling operation, After the atmospheric temperature at the return port falls within a certain range, the control device is operated, and the control device is fixed to the air conditioner via a part protruding from the frame of the air conditioner or an insulated member. The ambient temperature when the air conditioner is operating is always the same as that of the vehicle cabin, and the influence of temperature due to heat conduction from the air conditioner itself is reduced, and the setting switch and display are tilted with respect to the vertical line of the vehicle body structure. It is characterized by easy operation and confirmation from inside the cabin.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. First, to explain the overall arrangement with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the air conditioner 2 mounted on the roof 3 of the railway vehicle 1 includes compressors 5 and 6,
Outdoor heat exchangers 7 and 8, outdoor heat exchangers 13 and 14, outdoor fans 9 and 10, indoor fan 1
1 and 12. Further, a thermostat 15 for controlling the temperature of the air conditioner 2 is installed at an intake port for circulating air 4 from the passenger compartment. The actuators to be controlled by the thermostat 15 are the compressors 5 and 6 as shown in FIG.
Although not shown, outdoor fans 9, 10,
These include indoor fans 11 and 12, a solenoid valve for switching the flow of refrigerant, and a damper motor for taking in fresh outside air.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section in the car body width direction of a railway vehicle in which the air conditioner 2 is mounted on the railway vehicle 1. To explain the air flow inside the passenger compartment 18 in detail, the air conditioner 2 is installed on the roof 3 of the railway vehicle 1 through a gasket 19. The air conditioner 2 installed in the tower communicates with the passenger compartment 18 via a communication port 22 for circulating air 4 provided in the roof 3 on the one hand, and an air conditioning duct 21 that sucks out the circulating air 4 on the other hand.
It also communicates with the passenger compartment 18 via the air outlet grill 22 . Now, if you are running air conditioning and heating, guest room 1
The circulating air 4 from 8 passes through a communication port 22' having return filters 20, 20' provided on the ceiling on both sides of the vehicle, and enters the room via return ports 22, 23' provided at the bottom of the air conditioner 12. It passes through heat exchangers 13 and 14. The indoor heat exchanger 13,1
4, the cold air is heated by exchanging heat with a high-temperature gas refrigerant, and the cold air is turned into warm air and blown into the passenger compartment 18 by an indoor fan 11.
Since the control device 16 is installed in the return port 23 and exposed to the flow of the circulating air 4, the ambient temperature around the control device 16 is approximately the same as in the cabin 18. Figures 5 and 6 show the internal structure of the control device. In the figure, a control device 16 amplifies weak signals from a temperature sensor 24, a temperature sensor 24', and a pollution sensor 25 via a sensor cable 25 to a voltage of transistor logic by an analog amplifier circuit 34, and converts them into an A/D converter. The configuration is such that an appropriate control signal is sent to the actuator drive circuit 35 by the I/O LSI 32 with built-in functions and the CPU 28 which performs arithmetic decisions. Further, the control device 16 is configured to connect the power source 30 that supplies the DC voltage for operating the electronic circuit 29 and the circuits including them after the indoor fan 11 and the compressor 5 are operated. It is composed of a power supply operating mechanism 36 and the like having a timer mechanism. 26 is the control device 1
A setting switch that should change the control contents of 6, 2
7 is a display device for displaying control contents of the control device 16;
31 is an EP-ROM, which is a memory that stores algorithms for controlling various types of air conditioners. 3
3 is an AC power supply supplied from the railway vehicle 1.
Figure 7 shows details around the return port. In the figure, the dotted line indicates a state in which the return filter 20 is open. The control device 16 is mounted obliquely to the vehicle body long girder 38 as shown in the figure, and is
opens the return filter 20 and operates the setting switch 26 installed at the bottom and the display 27.
Visual confirmation is now being carried out. In particular, the mounting positions of the setting switch 26 and the display 27 are not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.

In such a configuration, the temperature sensor 24, the temperature sensor 24', the pollution level sensor 25 and the control device 1
6 to perform optimal air conditioning control in the passenger cabin 18, first, the air conditioner is operated independently to perform preliminary cooling and heating operation, and the air in the passenger cabin 18 is sucked in from the return ports 23 and 23' to perform air conditioning. Duct 21
A series of circulating air flows are formed such that the air is blown into the passenger compartment 18 through the air outlet grille 22 and the air outlet grille 22. and,
After the air conditioner is operated, a timer in the power supply operating mechanism 36 is activated, and the controller 16 is operated after the interior of the passenger compartment 18 and the return port reach the same temperature. Furthermore, whether the operator 37 inputs an operation instruction from the setting switch 26 or the temperature sensor 24 or the humidity sensor 2
4', cabin 18 by input from pollution level sensor 25, etc.
Fine-grained air conditioning control will be implemented within the building. At this time, the inspector 37 inspects the return filter 20 from inside the passenger compartment 18.
It is possible to visually confirm the operation input at the same time as opening the setting switch 26 and giving an input instruction to the setting switch 26.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the preliminary cooling/heating operation of the vehicle air conditioner is performed and the control device is operated after the circulating air has flowed, so that a plurality of detectors and a control device are installed at the return port of the vehicle air conditioner. By installing an air-cooling fan to prevent temperature rise inside the control device, the structure of the control device can be sealed, and the electronic circuit can be moisture-proofed. Improved environmental conditions can extend the life of detectors and control devices, and improve operability for inspectors.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a railway vehicle equipped with an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a thermostat. Fig. 4 is a sectional view in the car body width direction of the air conditioner section of the railway vehicle shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the control device, Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the control device shown in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the return grille shown in FIG. 4; 15... thermostat, 16... control device,
20, 20'...Return filter, 23, 2
3'...Return port, 24...Temperature sensor, 25
...Humidity sensor, 26...Pollution level sensor, 27...
...display device, 30...power supply, 35...actuator drive circuit, 36...power supply operating mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Air conditioners for railway vehicles, which consist of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, an evaporator, a switching valve, and a control device that drives and controls each of these devices, are arranged on the roof of the vehicle, and are used to extract circulating air from the cabin of the vehicle. the control device and a detector connected to the control device for detecting the temperature and the degree of pollution;
1. An air conditioner for a railway vehicle, characterized in that a power supply circuit of the control device is provided with a power supply operating mechanism that operates the control device after completion of preliminary heating and cooling operation when starting the air conditioner.