JPS6313770B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is directed to the production of extruded products in the form of rods and tubular shapes by indirect extrusion of metal materials (billets), particularly in those using loose dummy blocks. By making it possible to use the same dummy block continuously, the press cycle can be shortened,
This invention relates to a press machine designed to simplify a press machine by eliminating the need for conventional dummy block processing equipment.

<Prior art> On one side of a pair of front and rear press frames (platens) connected by tie rods and facing each other,
Press stem, via main ram, crosshead etc.
Alternatively, a press stem and a piercing mandrel inserted at the center of the stem so as to be able to move forward and backward independently and together with the stem are disposed, and a die stem is fixedly disposed on the other side, and a piercing mandrel is disposed at the center of the press stem, and a die stem is fixedly disposed on the other side. A movable container and a loose dummy block (push plate) that can be carried in and carried out are arranged at a position, and the billet loaded in the movable container is moved forward with respect to the press stem, the dummy block, and the die stem of the container, so that the bar, Indirect extrusion systems and indirect extrusion presses for obtaining tubular extruded products belong to the well-known art, needless to be exemplified. Unlike the case where the dummy block is formed integrally with the press stem itself, when using a loose dummy block that is separated from the press stem, the dummy block is brought into the extrusion center from outside the press machine and set before starting extrusion. When extrusion is completed, a handling operation is required to transport the dummy block out of the press machine, but a method that automatically handles such handling operation by mechanical means is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1982-55.
-Disclosed in Publication No. 128317. Figures 1 and 2 show an outline of the processing device disclosed in the same publication, and to explain this in both figures (the numbers are different from those in the publication), the opposing frame in the indirect extrusion press machine A die stem 109 is attached to a press platen 110 that is one of the frames (platen), and a press stem 101 and a piercing mandrel 102 are attached to the other frame (platen) (not shown) so as to be able to move forward and backward. FIG. 1 shows a state where extrusion has been completed and the pressed lees are being cut.
When the extrusion is completed, the loose dummy block 112 located within the rear end of the container 107 is moved backward and the container 107 is moved forward toward the platen 110 by the container shift cylinder 111.
and a disk card 113 are both exposed outside the rear end of the container, and consist of a shear cylinder 103, a shear slide 104, and a shear blade 105,
The shear blade 105 of the lees cutting device attached to the container holder 108 is lowered to cut the lees 113 from the extruded product 114 side, and both the lees 113 and the loose dummy block 112 are moved to this cutting position. Desk card dummy block receiver 10 waiting below
It is accommodated on the 6th side. The dummy blocks 112 and dregs 113 thus stored in the disk card dummy block receiver 106 are transferred to the second
As shown in the figure, it is carried out of the press, separated and processed. That is, in the same figure, the dummy block 112 received by the receiver 106
13 are placed horizontally on a disk card/dummy block conveyor 115 installed outside the press by rotating and tilting the receiver 106, with the disk card (lees) 113 on top and the dummy block 112 on the bottom. The disk card dummy blocks are received in a stacked position and transported to the disk card dummy block pusher 116 position, and the disk card dummy blocks are received by the pusher 116.
The dummy block 112 is transferred to the dummy block lifter 117 and carried upward by the lifter 117, and in the raised position the lower dummy block 112 is clamped by the dummy block clamping device 119.
The upper pressed lees 113 is the disk card separator 11
8 onto a disk card conveyor 120, and the conveyor 120 collects the pressed lees 113 into a disk card basket 121. The dummy block 112 clamped by the dummy block clamp device 119 is moved to the lifter 11 by the dummy block pusher 122.
7, the dummy block is transferred to the dummy block rotating device 123, and by the rotation of the device 123, it is thrown into a dummy block chute 124 in an upright position, and it rolls on the chute 124 and is thrown into the lubricant bath 125, where it is lubricated. Processed dummy block 112
is transferred into the dummy block lifter 126 by the receiving arm 128, and transferred from the lifter 126 to the dummy block loader 127.
After loading the billet 27 into the container 107,
By carrying it in and setting it at the extrusion center position on the rear surface of the container 107, it can be reused.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> According to the above-mentioned prior art, the separation of the dummy blocks and the lees is carried out outside the press, and therefore there are problems in the following points. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is necessary to install extremely large and complicated new equipment for the disk card/dummy block receiver 106 and a series of disk card/dummy block conveyance equipment and separation equipment. ,
Running costs inevitably increase, and maintenance of equipment and equipment requires labor and time, and the fact that these are located outside the press means that the indirect extrusion press equipment becomes larger and the space it occupies expands. Invite. In addition, in order to carry out pressing work while the dummy blocks and lees are being separated outside the press machine, it is necessary to prepare multiple dummy blocks, which must be prepared in accordance with the successive press cycles. It is difficult to set the dummy block into the press without any problems.

Furthermore, it is difficult to carry in and set the dummy block accurately using the means for setting the dummy block at the extrusion center position by the dummy block loader 127, and the press stem 101,
Piercing mandrel 102 and container 107
This may result in incorrect centering of the dummy block 112 into the container 107.
This tends to cause problems such as insertion errors.

<Means for Solving the Problem> The object of the present invention is to obtain an extruded product from a billet using an indirect extrusion method and a loose die block, thereby eliminating the need for complex and large processing equipment found in the prior art. By simple mechanical means that can be stored in the press, the loose dummy block can be precisely set in the extrusion position, separated from the lees at the extrusion completion position, and immediately removed. The object is to provide a means by which it is possible to standby the extruder again at the extrusion position, and this object can be easily achieved by the technical means described below.

That is, the technical means is an indirect extrusion method in which, after loading a billet into a container, the dummy block holder, which is in the extrusion center retracted position within the press machine, is moved to the extrusion center position, and the dummy block held by the loader is moved to the extrusion center retracted position. is set at the extrusion center at the rear of the container, and with the dummy block loader stopped at the extrusion center position, the dummy block in the dummy block holder is brought into contact with the rear end surface of the billet by moving the press stem or the press stem and piercing mandrel forward. Perform a billet upset with a press stem and die stem, then continue or after piercing with a piercing mandrel.
Indirect extrusion is performed with the die stem through the simultaneous movement of the press stem, dummy block holder, dummy block, and container, and after completion of extrusion,
The dummy block and the lees are exposed outside the container through the retreat of the press stem or the stem and the piercing mandrel and the advancement of the container, and the dummy block is held in the dummy block holder, so that the dummy block and the lees are exposed during the cutting operation of the lees by the cutting shear. The dummy block held by the block is separated from the lees by pressing the shear against the dummy block holder in advance of the lees, or before the lees cutting operation by the cutting shear,
By retracting the dummy block holder into the press machine away from the center of extrusion, the joint between the dummy block held in the holder and the lees is separated, and the dummy block separated from the lees is removed from the center of extrusion. By retracting the dummy block into a press machine, the dummy block can be used repeatedly. Further, as an indirect extrusion device, a press stem is provided on one side of the opposing frames (platen) so as to be movable back and forth along the extrusion center, or the stem and the piercing mandrel are provided, a die stem is provided on the other side, and the press stem and the die stem are arranged on the other side. A loose dummy block that moves back and forth between the extrusion center position and the extrusion center retracted position in the press machine between the container and the press stem, which is also arranged in the middle of the The dummy block loader has a clamping means and moves along the extrusion axis integrally with the container, and a dregs cutting device is disposed so as to be able to move along with the container.

<Function> According to the present invention, a loose dummy block is held in a dummy block holder that is provided inside the press machine and that moves back and forth between the extrusion center position and the extrusion center retracted position, and that does not come out of the press machine. Unlike the prior art, in which the dummy block is placed outside the press and moved into and out of the press, the dummy block is set at the center of extrusion inside the press in preparation for billet extrusion.
Once extrusion is complete, this is separated from the pressed lees in the machine,
Holding the dummy block at the extrusion center retracted position,
It becomes possible to prepare for the next billet extrusion,
The same dummy block can be used repeatedly. Due to indirect extrusion, the billet moves toward the die stem together with the container and the press stem, and therefore the billet loading position and the lees cutting position are different in the front and back direction along the extrusion center, but this is due to the dummy block holder. This can be solved by making the block movable back and forth along the extrusion center, and a dummy block holder can accompany the series of upsetting, piercing, and extrusion operations, which eliminates the problem of conventional indirect extrusion operations and the need to change them. The presence of the holder makes it possible to stably and smoothly insert and extrude the dummy block into the container.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the indirect extrusion of the present invention, there is no need for discard/dummy block processing equipment using large and complicated mechanical means in the prior art as illustrated in FIG. It is easy to downsize and reduce costs. At this time, the dummy block holder in the present invention is a member that can reciprocate between the extrusion center position and the center retraction position in the press machine, so its required structure is extremely simple and its movement stroke is short and compact. There is no risk of malfunctions or the like. In addition, according to the present invention, since the same dummy block is used repeatedly, a stable press cycle is always obtained, and the dummy block is always held in the dummy block holder except for extrusion operations, so that Since the pressed lees and dummy blocks can be easily separated, there is no need to use special separation means as in the prior art, and the press cycle can be simplified and streamlined, and the dummy block holder itself is the center of extrusion. Since the dummy block is set in position and the dummy block can be moved, the dummy block can be inserted into the container accurately without any mistakes. Further, as an indirect extrusion device, the required movement of the dummy block holder according to the present invention is a reciprocating movement between the extrusion center position and the extrusion center retracted position,
Since only the axial forward and backward movement that accompanies the extrusion process is sufficient for the entire extrusion process, the former movement can be either a linear reciprocating movement or an arcuate reciprocating movement, and the movement process is limited to the inside of the press machine, so it is short. This requires a very simple structure, and the latter movement can be achieved by installing a dummy block holder, for example, in a container holder that holds the container, and utilizing the movement of the container. Since the necessary axial movement can be applied simultaneously, the conventional indirect extrusion press can be used as is, and all that is required is the addition of a slight mounting structure and a clamp structure that can securely hold the dummy block within the holder. In the end, it is clear that the indirect extrusion press can be made significantly more compact and simpler than the prior art, which requires large and complicated equipment, and that the initial and running costs can be significantly reduced.

<Example> The method and apparatus according to the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to an example shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. 3 and 4, the illustrated example illustrates an indirect extrusion press for obtaining a tubular extrusion product 40 using a piercing mandrel in addition to a press stem; The die stem 35 is fixedly disposed on the other frame (platen), which is connected to the press platen 36 and tie rod 41. Although not shown, the press stem 28 has a main cylinder, a main ram, a cross head, etc. A piercing mandrel 29 is inserted into the center of the press stem 28 so as to be able to move along with the press stem 28 and to move back and forth independently. A container 3 is located between the press stem 28 and the die stem 35 and is movable forward and backward by a container shift cylinder 37.
4 is disposed together with a container holder 33, and the container holder 33 is provided with a shear cylinder 30, a shear slide 31, and a shear blade 32 as a lees cutting device, and as shown in FIG. The remaining pressed lees (discard) 39 are cut. In the same figure, 42 is
A disk card conveyor is shown for receiving the pressed lees 39 cut by the shear blade 32 and carrying it out of the press. In the present invention, a container holder 33 is used as illustrated in FIG.
Set up. The loader 43 is a container holder 33
As shown in the figure, the shaft 49 is connected to a part of the
It is held so as to be able to swing around the fulcrum, and is capable of reciprocating between an extrusion center position a and an extrusion center retraction position b. At this time, the extrusion center retraction position b is inside the press machine,
For example, as shown in the figure, it is stopped within an area surrounded by tie rods 41. The movement of the dummy block loader 43 is performed, for example, via a drive cylinder 45 installed using the container holder 33 as shown in the figure, a link 50 connected to a piston rod of the cylinder 45, and the like, and the tip of the loader 43. A clamp means is provided for securely holding and releasing the loose dummy block 38. The illustrated example shows a clamp arm 51 that is fixed and a clamp arm 54 that is pivotally supported by a pin shaft 52 and can be opened and closed via a drive cylinder 53 or the like. Of course, the dummy block loader 43 may be of a type that moves linearly forward and backward other than the illustrated example, and its drive mechanism and clamping means are subject to design freedom, but at least the extrusion center position a and the extrusion center retraction position b, which are stopped within the press machine, can be used as the dummy block loader 43.
The same effect applies if it can reciprocate between the two and stop at that position. As can be easily guessed in this embodiment, the dummy block loader 43 can be a compact one that can be freely stored inside the press machine, and its axial forward and backward movement is accompanied by the movement of the container holder 33, so it is not necessary. The structure is simple, there is no risk of failure, and the reciprocating movement between the two positions a and b only requires a small stroke.

Indirect extrusion using the dummy block loader 43 according to the present invention is performed as shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows the initial position of the container 34 and the container holder 33.
is in the advanced position where it is fitted with the die stem 35 on the platen 36 side, and therefore the dummy block loader 43 attached to the container holder 33 side holds the dummy block 38 in its clamp portion and is in the extrusion center retracted position b. be. press stem 28
Although not shown, the piercing mandrel 29 is in the retracted position along with the crosshead 55 via the main cylinder and the main ram on the other frame (platen) side facing the platen 36, as is known, and is used to transport the billet. is in a state of waiting. In the figure, 56 indicates a holder for the mandrel 29. Further, a container stopper 46 is provided on the platen 36 side.

FIG. 5 shows the billet insertion state, in which a billet 47 is brought in from outside the press machine and set between the press stem 28 and the container 34 via a billet loader 48 on the extrusion center.
By retreating the container holder 33 toward the press stem 28 as shown by the arrow in the figure, the billet 47 is loaded into the container 34, and at this time the dummy block loader 43 holding the dummy block 38 also accompanies it. FIG. 5 shows that the dummy block loader 43 according to the present invention enters the extrusion center position a from the retracted position b by the movement mechanism shown in FIG. 4, and the billet loader 48 retracts outside the press machine. do. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the piercing mandrel 29 moves forward and the dummy block loader 4
The press stem 28 moves forward to push out the dummy block 38 and join it to the rear end surface of the billet 47, so that the press stem 28, the dummy block 38 and the die stem 35, the billet 47 is upset. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the piercing mandrel 29 advances independently to pierce the center of the billet 47. When the piercing is completed, the piercing mandrel 29 stops at a predetermined position, and as shown in FIG. , press stem 28,
The simultaneous advancement of the container 34 towards the die stem 35 causes the billet 47 to be continuously and indirectly extruded through the piercing mandrel 29 and the die 57 of the die stem 35 into the desired tubular extrusion product 40. At this time, the dummy block loader 43 and the dummy block 38 also move together with the press stem 28 and the container 34. When the extrusion is thus completed, as shown in FIG. 5, the press stem 28 side is retreated, and the container 34 is slightly advanced toward the die stem 35 side, so that when the extrusion is completed, the inside of the rear end of the container 34 is The pressed lees (discard) 39 located at is exposed outside the rear end surface of the container 34, and as the container 34 advances, the dummy block loader 43 accompanies it, so the dummy block 38 combined with the pressed lees 39 is not shown in the figure. The dummy block 38 is housed in the clamp portion shown in FIG. 4 beyond the loader 43, and the dummy block 38 is secured in the loader 43. Next, when the shear slide 31 is lowered, before its tip comes into contact with the pressed lees 39,
That is, before the pressed lees 39 is cut and separated by the die 57, the shear slide 31 is pressed against the dummy block loader 43 to join the dummy block 38 held by the loader 43 and the pressed lees 39 as shown in FIG. parts are separated (first means).

Furthermore, before the cutting operation by the shear slide 31, the drive cylinder 45 shown in FIG. The joint between the block 38 and the pressed lees 39 is separated (second means).

That is, since the bonding force between the pressed lees 39 and the dummy block 38 is smaller than the bonding force between the pressed lees 39 and the die 57, the pressed lees 39 and the dummy block 38 can be separated by either the first means or the second means. The dummy block 38 is separated from the block 38, and the separated dummy block 38 is moved from position a to position b in FIG. 4 and returned to the initial position shown in FIG. 31, the sheet is cut by the die 57 as shown in FIG. 5, falls onto the disk card conveyor 42, and is carried out of the press, thus completing one cycle of the press.

Note that the used dummy block 38 at the initial position b is lubricated at this position b by spraying or the like not shown.

Although this embodiment is an example in which the piercing mandrel 29 is used in combination, the present invention is equally applicable to a product that does not use the mandrel 29 in order to obtain a solid extruded product 40, and this indirect extrusion Although a double-acting type is shown, it is of course applicable to a single-acting type of indirect extrusion.

As is clear from the description of the dummy block loader 38 of the above embodiment and its indirect extrusion cycle, the indirect extrusion method and apparatus according to the present invention solve the problems in the prior art and are more functional. It is advantageous to have reasonable technical content as well.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main parts of a conventional indirect extrusion press in the state of cutting lees, Figure 2 is an exploded explanatory view of the disk card/dummy block processing equipment,
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of essential parts of an embodiment of an indirect extrusion apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the same, and FIGS. FIG. 28... Press stem, 29... Piercing mandrel, 34... Container, 33... Container holder,
35... Die stem, 38... Dummy block, 39
... Pressed lees, 43... Dummy block loader, 47... Billet, 51, 54... Clamp arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A press stem or the stem and a piercing mandrel are disposed on one side of opposing frames (platens) so as to be movable back and forth, and a die stem is disposed on the other side, and the die stem is movable between the press stem and the die stem. A container and a loose dummy block are arranged, and the billet loaded in the movable container is indirectly extruded by a press stem or the stem, a piercing mandrel, and a die stem. Move the dummy block holder, which is in the extrusion center retracted position, to the extrusion center position, set the dummy block held by the loader at the extrusion center behind the container, and press with the dummy block loader stopped at the extrusion center position. Through the advancement of the stem or press stem and piercing mandrel, the dummy block in the dummy block holder is brought into contact with the rear end surface of the billet, and the billet is upset by the press stem and the die stem.
Subsequently or after piercing with a piercing mandrel, press stem, dummy block holder,
Indirect extrusion is performed between the die stem and the die stem through the simultaneous movement of the dummy block and container, and after completion of extrusion, the dummy block and lees are removed from the container through the retreat of the press stem or the stem and piercing mandrel, and the advancement of the container. At the same time as the dummy block is exposed, the dummy block is held in a dummy block holder, and the dummy block held by the block is pressed against the dummy block holder with the shear ahead of the dregs during the cutting operation of the dregs by the cutting shear. The joint between the dummy block and the lees held in the dummy block holder by retracting the dummy block holder into the press machine away from the center of extrusion before separating it from the lees or cutting the lees with the cutting shear. and the dummy blocks separated from the pressed lees,
An indirect extrusion method characterized by repeatedly using the dummy block by retracting it into a press machine away from the center of extrusion. 2. A press stem disposed on one side of the opposing frames (platen) so as to be freely reciprocated along the extrusion center, or the stem and the piercing mandrel, a die stem disposed on the other side, and an extrusion stem located between the press stem and the die stem. The container is arranged to move forward and backward along the center, and has a clamping means for a loose dummy block that reciprocates between an extrusion center position and an extrusion center retracted position in the press machine between the container and the press stem. An indirect extrusion device comprising: a dummy block loader that moves integrally with a container along an extrusion axis; and a lees cutting means that is arranged so as to be able to move along with the container.