JPS6314087B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for reeling silk thread by reeling out cocoon thread from a cocoon, and more specifically, to a method for reeling silk thread for the purpose of bulk processing.

Silk thread is made by loosening the cocoon threads that make up the cocoon and winding several threads. Making silk thread by such an operation is generally called reeling.

Cocoons are made of thin threads spewed out by silkworms, which are successively folded into an ∞ shape and tightly glued to each other through sericin that covers the surface. Therefore, when making raw silk from cocoons, the sericin is softened by boiling the cocoons to make it easier to separate from the threads, and then the cord is pulled out and reeled. However, since a single thread is too thin to be suitable for practical use, 4 to 11 threads are tied together to form a long continuous thread of an appropriate thickness, depending on the purpose. What is obtained in this way is so-called raw silk. This raw silk is boiled with soap or soda to remove sericin and made into thread.

The silk thread thus obtained has a unique luster and a low coefficient of friction, which gives it the unique texture and feel of silk fabrics. It also has the characteristic that even when many threads are combined, it does not become a very thick fabric, and it is possible to make an extremely thin fabric.

In contrast to such general silk thread, so-called pongee thread is made by first boiling the cocoon to soften the cocoon layer and stretching it into a cotton-like shape, instead of reeling the raw silk directly from the cocoon. This is pulled out into thin pieces and twisted into thread.
Although the thickness is not uniform like the above-mentioned silk thread, a so-called bulky silk thread can be obtained. This pongee yarn is used as the raw yarn for pongee textiles, and is soft to the touch.
A fabric with a strong and unique texture can be obtained.

Silk thread obtained by reeling cocoons is relatively easy to mechanize, and currently most of the processes are done by machines, which has a large labor-saving effect. On the other hand, so-called pongee yarn still requires manual labor, making it relatively difficult to mechanize. This is due to the fact that pongee thread is made exclusively from cotton cotton, and there is a desire to develop some kind of thread spinning method to replace this.

When considered from the viewpoint of simplifying the work, it is considered desirable to reel raw silk directly from the cocoon and give it bulkiness by some means. In the field of chemical fibers, filament yarns are processed to have a so-called wool-like crimp to improve their texture and give them elasticity and bulk. However, since all of these processed yarns have thermoplastic properties unique to chemical fibers, they are not necessarily an appropriate means for silk yarns that are unlikely to remain deformed by heat.

When we carefully examine pongee yarn made from cotton cotton, we find that the lengths of each fiber in a unit length of yarn are extremely non-uniform. Therefore, in order to achieve the same texture and feel as pongee yarn made from cotton, it is essential to vary the length of each fiber. However, it is practically difficult to give raw silk of different lengths that are unwound from cocoons in the same way, and this point poses the biggest challenge.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems when reeling bulky silk yarn, and it is possible to eliminate uneven lengths of fibers constituting silk yarn without relying solely on manual labor. This was an attempt to create a bulky silk thread with a texture and feel similar to that of pongee thread.
Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be explained in detail based on an illustrated embodiment.

In this invention, first, sericin is softened by boiling the cocoon, several threads of raw silk are drawn out from the cocoon, and the threads are passed through a feeding mechanism to give different feeding speeds. That is, as shown in Fig. 1, the boiled cocoons a, a... are divided into several cocoon groups and floated in a cocoon tank 1 filled with hot water at an appropriate temperature, and cocoon threads are drawn out from these cocoon groups. This is collected by several yarn guides 2, 2, etc., and several threads of raw silk A, A, etc. are made. The raw silks A, A, etc. collected in this way are sent to the feeding mechanism 3, where they are given different feeding speeds.

To explain this point more specifically using the illustrated embodiment, the illustrated feeding mechanism 3 includes a feeding roller 4 consisting of several stages of rollers with different diameters, and rolling contact with this roller 4, as also shown in FIG. It consists of a top roller 5. feed roller 4
is provided with concave and convex stripes across its width, and has particularly high frictional resistance in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the top roller 5 is provided with unevenness in the circumferential direction, and the feed roller 4
The part that comes in contact with is limited to only a part of it.

The raw silk A, A, . . . are sent to the feeding mechanism 3 via the traverse guide 6. This traverse guide 6 has several guides 26, 26... provided in front of the feed mechanism 3, and guide bars 27, 27... provided in the rear of the same mechanism 3. is made to reciprocate in the width direction.
The raw silk A, A... are first guided by the guides 26, 25... and sent between the feed roller 4 and the top roller 5, so their positions are constantly changed as the traverse guide 6 moves, and thereby the feed Wrapping around the roller 4 is prevented.

The raw silk A, A, etc. sent to the feeding mechanism 3 are given different feeding speeds depending on the positions of the feeding rollers 4, which have different diameters. In addition, the feed roller 4
Even at the same position, variations in feed occur due to the unevenness provided on the top roller 5. Raw silk A whose feeding speed was changed in this way,
While being vibrated from side to side by the guide bars 27, 27..., A is sufficiently dried by the drying means 7 and sent to the next fiber opening means 8.

The illustrated opening means 8 consists of a pair of electrodes 9 and 10 to which a high DC voltage is applied. Of these electrodes 9, 10, the electrode 9 on the front side has a long cylindrical shape, while the electrode 10 on the rear side has a horseshoe shape with a sufficient gap between them. A positive potential is applied to the electrode 10 side, and a negative potential is applied to the electrode 10 side.

A funnel-shaped yarn guide 11 is placed in front of the electrode 9, and a nozzle 12 for injecting compressed air faces into the opening of the funnel-shaped yarn guide 11. The raw silk A, A, etc. sent from the traverse guide 6 side through the drying means 7 are disturbed by the air jetted from the nozzle 12, and become even more irregular, and then passed through the yarn guide 11. It is then sent to electrode 9. The raw silks A, A, etc. that have entered the electrode 9 come into contact with the electrode in the process of passing therethrough, and a high voltage DC current flows therethrough, whereby each fiber repels each other and is opened. Further, since a negative electric field is formed at the electrode 10, each thread is attracted to the electrode 10 and vibrates, further disturbing the arrangement of the raw silks A, A, . . . . In this case, instead of the electric field, raw silk A,
A similar vibration can be produced by passing A through a magnetic field.

According to the inventor's experiments, when opening the fibers by applying electrical repulsion between the fibers, it is better to pass a high voltage direct current through the fibers than to charge them with static electricity. I got it. This is because since current flows in the same direction through each fiber, an annular magnetic field is formed around the fibers, thereby repelling each other.
In this case, it is preferable to mix a surfactant into the cocoon bath 1 in advance to improve the conductivity of the raw silk A, A, etc., thereby avoiding static electricity charging of the fibers. In this case, the voltage applied to the raw silk A, A... should be selected appropriately depending on various conditions such as the number of fibers constituting the raw silk A, A... and their feeding speed, but in general, the voltage applied to the raw silk A, A... ~7KV is sufficient.

Next, the raw silks A, A, .
The illustrated intermediate roller 14 has an hourglass shape that is thick at both ends and narrow at the center, and has symmetrical spiral concavo-convex stripes carved on its circumferential surface on both sides. For this reason, the raw silk A, A, etc. blown onto the intermediate roller 14 have a balance between the force of the raw silk A, A, etc. that tends to gather toward the center due to the slope of the roller 14, and the force that spreads them to both sides due to the uneven stripes. Spread. In this case, the position of each raw silk A, A, etc. on the intermediate roller 14 differs depending on the respective tensions acting on the above-mentioned distribution, so that a feed speed approximately corresponding to each tension is given, and in this state, The yarn is sent to the yarn guide 15.

Below the yarn guide 15, there is a cocoon tank 16 filled with hot water at an appropriate temperature, in which pre-boiled cocoons b, b... are floated, and are sufficiently moistened by the hot water. Raw silk B is fed out.
This raw silk B is collected with the dry raw silks A, A, etc. sent from the intermediate roller 14, and is pre-twisted by the next pre-twisting means 17.

The pre-twisting means 17 consists of a weight 18 and a twist gripping mechanism 19 that rotates together with the weight, and the raw silks A, A, . . . , and B that have passed through this are integrally pre-twisted. This pre-twisted silk thread passes through auxiliary rollers 20 and 21 and a traverse guide 24 and is wound onto a winding frame 23. The traverse guide 24 is caused to reciprocate in the width direction of the winding frame 23 by the drive mechanism 22, so that the yarn is wound around the winding frame 23 almost uniformly.

The silk thread wound on the winding frame 23 is immediately fried and immersed in hot water to soften the sericin and allow the fibers to freely expand and contract.Then, the silk thread is dried under no tension to prevent the fibers from becoming loose. Fix the regular array state as it is.

In the thus obtained silk thread, the constituent fibers are arranged in a complicated and irregular manner, and the fiber lengths per unit length are irregular. For example, when we cut the silk thread obtained by this invention into 5 cm units and measure the length of each fiber that makes up the thread, we found that each fiber had an uneven length of about 5 to 5.6 cm. There is.

Such a difference in fiber length is caused by non-uniform feeding given to each fiber during the reeling process of silk thread, aggregation of dry raw silk A, A, etc. and wet raw silk B, etc. These are mainly obtained when the stress applied during the reeling process of silk thread is restored during the hot water soaking and drying stages after reeling. All of them are characterized by being obtained with various changes in fiber length.
Combined with the irregular arrangement described above, it exhibits a texture and texture that is almost the same as pongee yarn made from cotton cotton.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain bulky silk thread with a texture comparable to that of pongee thread obtained from cotton cotton, without manual labor.
Therefore, the intended purpose can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part showing the feeding mechanism, and FIG. 3 is a perspective half-sectional view of the main part showing the fiber spreading means. 3... Feeding mechanism, 4... Feeding roller, 5... Top roller, 6... Traverse guide, 7... Drying means, 8
... Spreading means, 9, 10... Electrode, 12... Nozzle, 1
7... Twisting means, A, A..., B... Raw silk.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method in which several threads of raw silk drawn out from a cocoon are given different feeding speeds, these raw silks are opened while drying, and then other wet raw silk is gathered together to form silk thread. A method for reeling bulky silk thread. 2. The feeding mechanism consists of a feeding roller having several steps with different diameters, and a top roller that rolls into contact with the feeding roller, and the top roller has irregularities extending in the width direction on its circumferential surface. Method for reeling bulky silk yarn as described in Section 1. 3 A high-voltage current is passed through the raw silk to open it, and
A method for reeling bulky silk yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibers are passed through an electric field or a magnetic field to give vibration to disturb the arrangement of the fibers. 4. Soak the raw silk in advance with a surfactant,
A method for reeling bulky silk yarn according to claim 3, wherein the conductivity thereof is kept good. 5. By feeding the opened raw silk through a drum-shaped intermediate roller with spiral unevenness on its circumference,
A method for reeling bulky silk yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raw silk is dispersed in the width direction of the roller and collected with the wet raw silk.