JPS6314492B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6314492B2 JPS6314492B2 JP58172123A JP17212383A JPS6314492B2 JP S6314492 B2 JPS6314492 B2 JP S6314492B2 JP 58172123 A JP58172123 A JP 58172123A JP 17212383 A JP17212383 A JP 17212383A JP S6314492 B2 JPS6314492 B2 JP S6314492B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electric double
- double layer
- activated carbon
- layer capacitor
- cloth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、活性炭を分極性電極に用いる電気二
重層キヤパシタおよびその製造方法に関する。
（従来例の構成とその問題点）
本発明の関連する電気二重層キヤパシタは、そ
の比表面積の大きな活性炭を分極性電極として用
いるものであり基本構成は第１図に示すものであ
る。すなわち一対の分極性電極１，２と導電電極
３，４、セパレータ５とから構成される。従来の
この種のキヤパシタとしては次の二種が存在す
る。第１のものは、第２図に示す構造のものであ
り、アルミニウムのような金属ネツト６の上に、
活性炭とフツ素樹脂粉末、アセチレンブラツク、
その他の有機バインダとから成るペースト７を担
持し、電解質を含浸したセパレータ８とともに捲
回し、全体をアルミニウムケース９に保持した構
造のものである。１０は電極リード、１１はゴム
キヤツプである。また第２のものは第３図に示す
構造を有する本発明者らの考案したもので（特開
昭55−99714号）、活性炭繊維布１２上の金属電極
１３と、電解液を含浸したセパレータ１４とから
成り、絶縁性ガスケツト１５を介したケース１
６，１７中に保持した構造のものであり、平板型
に構成されるものである。
前者は比表面積の大きな活性炭粉末が、後者は
比表面積の大きな活性炭繊維布が、それぞれ分極
性電極として機能する。特に後者は無バインダー
で強度を有する活性炭繊維布がそれ自身で分極性
電極として機能するため、単位体積あたりの容量
が前者のものよりも1.5〜３倍大きくなり、かつ
その構成上平板コイン型の形状が可能であり、近
年のマイクロエレクトロニクス機器のバツクアツ
プ用素子として最適である。
このような電気二重層キヤパシタの特性として
は、容量、内部抵抗、漏れ電流、が主にあげられ
る。第４図は、電気二重層キヤパシタの等価回路
を示すものであり、１個の微少キヤパシタに分け
て考えた場合、導電電極自身の抵抗および導電電
極と分極性電極との接触抵抗、に起因する抵抗：
R1、分極性電極内部の抵抗：R2、電気二重層容
量：Ｃ、電解液の有する抵抗：R3のように考え
られる。すなわち、R1はアルミニウム電極自身
および、アルミニウムと活性炭との接触に起因す
る抵抗分であり、R2は各キヤパシタ要素から、
アルミニウム極にまで容量を取出す時に影響する
活性炭層自身の抵抗になる。
前述の活性炭粉末を分極性電極として用いるキ
ヤパシタでは、活性炭層中にアセチレンブラツク
が含有されており、活性炭層自身の抵抗が低いた
め、R2は非常に小さい。これに対して、活性炭
繊維を分極性電極として用いる型のものは、次の
ようにR2が大きくなりそのままでは内部抵抗が
大きくなつてしまい、強放電には適さない。第５
図は活性炭繊維の製造プロセスを示すものであ
り、活性炭繊維は原反を炭化する工程Ａとさらに
賦活する工程Ｂとから成る。ここで炭化された繊
維は電気抵抗が低いが、比表面積が小さく分極性
電極として適さない。さらに賦活された活性炭繊
維は比表面積が1000〜2500m2／ｇと非常に大きく
分極性電極として適するが、それ自身の電気抵抗
も大きくなり、前述のR2が大きくなる。第６図
は、これらの模式図を示すものでａの粉末活性炭
を用いたものでは、個々の活性炭粒子２０の間に
導電性のアセチレンブラツク２１が介在し、アル
ミニウム電極２２と離れた部分２３の容量も、活
性炭層２４の導電性のために充分取出される。こ
れに対し、第６図ｂで示す活性炭繊維を用いた型
のものでは、活性炭繊維２７自身の電気伝導度が
低いため、アルミニウム電極２５から離れた部分
２６の容量取出しが困難になり、結局見掛けの容
量が小さくなる。これを克服するために、例えば
活性炭繊維表面にカーボン粒子を担持させる方法
なども考えられるが（特願昭57−177938号）特
性、製法、両面から限度があり、さらに改善の余
地がある。
第１表は、既述の従来例の代表的なキヤパシタ
の内部抵抗を示すものである。ただしいずれも
1.8V1Fの定格のもの。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor using activated carbon as a polarizable electrode and a method for manufacturing the same. (Structure of conventional example and its problems) An electric double layer capacitor to which the present invention relates uses activated carbon having a large specific surface area as a polarizable electrode, and its basic structure is shown in FIG. That is, it is composed of a pair of polarizable electrodes 1 and 2, conductive electrodes 3 and 4, and a separator 5. There are two types of conventional capacitors: The first one has the structure shown in FIG. 2, in which a metal net 6 such as aluminum is
Activated carbon and fluororesin powder, acetylene black,
It has a structure in which a paste 7 consisting of other organic binders is supported, is wound together with a separator 8 impregnated with an electrolyte, and the whole is held in an aluminum case 9. 10 is an electrode lead, and 11 is a rubber cap. The second one is devised by the present inventors and has the structure shown in FIG. 14, and case 1 via an insulating gasket 15.
6, 17, and is constructed in a flat plate type. In the former case, activated carbon powder with a large specific surface area functions as a polarizable electrode, and in the latter case, an activated carbon fiber cloth with a large specific surface area functions as a polarizable electrode. In particular, the latter has a binder-free and strong activated carbon fiber cloth that functions as a polarizable electrode by itself, so the capacity per unit volume is 1.5 to 3 times larger than the former, and its structure is similar to that of a flat coin. It can be shaped into any shape, making it ideal as a backup element for modern microelectronic equipment. The characteristics of such an electric double layer capacitor include capacitance, internal resistance, and leakage current. Figure 4 shows the equivalent circuit of an electric double layer capacitor. When considered in terms of one minute capacitor, the resistance caused by the resistance of the conductive electrode itself and the contact resistance between the conductive electrode and the polarizable electrode. resistance:
R 1 , resistance inside the polarizable electrode: R 2 , electric double layer capacity: C, and resistance of the electrolyte: R 3 . That is, R 1 is the resistance due to the aluminum electrode itself and the contact between aluminum and activated carbon, and R 2 is the resistance from each capacitor element.
This becomes the resistance of the activated carbon layer itself, which affects when the capacity is taken out to the aluminum electrode. In the capacitor using the aforementioned activated carbon powder as a polarizable electrode, the activated carbon layer contains acetylene black and the activated carbon layer itself has low resistance, so R 2 is extremely small. On the other hand, a type that uses activated carbon fiber as a polarizable electrode has a large R 2 as shown below, and if left as it is, the internal resistance will increase, making it unsuitable for strong discharge. Fifth
The figure shows the manufacturing process of activated carbon fibers, which consists of process A of carbonizing the raw fabric and process B of further activation. Although the carbonized fibers have low electrical resistance, they have a small specific surface area and are not suitable as polarizable electrodes. Furthermore, the activated carbon fiber has a very large specific surface area of 1000 to 2500 m 2 /g, making it suitable as a polarizable electrode, but its own electrical resistance also becomes large, and the above-mentioned R 2 becomes large. FIG. 6 shows these schematic diagrams. In the case of using powdered activated carbon (a), a conductive acetylene black 21 is interposed between individual activated carbon particles 20, and a portion 23 separated from the aluminum electrode 22 is Capacity is also sufficiently extracted due to the electrical conductivity of the activated carbon layer 24. On the other hand, in the case of the type using activated carbon fibers shown in FIG. capacity becomes smaller. In order to overcome this problem, a method of supporting carbon particles on the surface of activated carbon fibers has been considered (Japanese Patent Application No. 57-177938), but there are limitations in terms of both characteristics and manufacturing method, and there is still room for further improvement. Table 1 shows the internal resistance of the typical capacitor of the conventional example described above. However, both
One rated at 1.8V1F.
【表】
（発明の目的）
本発明は、上記の活性炭繊維を分極性電極とし
て用いる電気二重層キヤパシタの内部抵抗をさら
に低くすることを目的とするものである。
（発明の構成）
本発明は、活性炭繊維と導電性線体とから成る
織物、不織布のような構成体を分極性電極として
用いる電気二重層キヤパシタである。
本発明によれば、分極性電極体の厚さ方向、面
方向、全域に導電性線体が織込まれているため特
に厚さ方向での容量の取出しが有効になり、導電
電極と分極性電極との電気的接触も良好になるた
め、前述のR1、R2が大巾に従来のものより低減
され、内部抵抗の低い、電気二重層キヤパシタが
提供される。
（実施例の説明）
第７図は本発明の分極性電極のいくつかの例を
模式的に拡大して示したものである。いずれの場
合も導電性線体３０と活性炭繊維３１とで構成さ
れている。第７図ａは活性炭繊維を縦糸に、タン
タル線を横糸に用いて平織りに構成されたもので
ある。第７図ｂは同じ平織りであるが、縦、横糸
ともにほとんどが活性炭繊維で織られているが、
一部タンタル線を用いているものであり、このよ
うな構成でも本発明の目的は達成される。第７図
ｃは直径2μｍの一次繊維３３と直径2μｍのタン
タル線３４とを適当な割合で撚り合わせてつくつ
た直径500μｍの二次撚線であり、これを縦・横
糸に用いて、平織りにするものである。第７図ｄ
はタンタル線と活性炭繊維とをフエルト状に混合
したものであり、このように、不織状態に構成し
てもよい。
第７図ｅはタンタル線と活性炭繊維とを三次元
織りしたものであり、三次元織りによつて導電性
線体と繊維との電気的接触がより確実になり本発
明の効果はさらに大きくなる。
このような分極性電極の製造方法は、次の２つ
の種類に分けられる。すなわち、予め、導電性線
体と未賦活繊維とを混織しておき、これを賦活す
る方法、賦活した繊維布の中に導電性線体を織込
む方法である。用いる導電性線体としては、種々
考えられるが、前者の場合、賦活温度以上に融点
を有する金属、例えば、タンタル、チタン、ニク
ロムなどが適当であり、後者の場合は、アルミ、
炭素繊維などが適当である。
第８図は本発明の有効な機能を模式的に示すも
のである。すなわち比較的抵抗の高い活性炭繊維
３５の間に低抵抗の導電性線体３６が織り込まれ
ているため、活性炭繊維層全体３７の集電が良好
に行なわれ導電層３８への容量取出しが優れる。
この結果、次の実施例に示すように、キヤパシタ
の内部抵抗が低くなり、容積あたりの容量値も大
きくなる。
次に本発明の具体的実施例をいくつか述べる。
実施例 １
直径4μｍのカイノール繊維を撚り合わせて直
径500μｍの二次繊維としたものを横糸にし、直
径500μｍのタンタル線を縦糸にし、平織りに織
る。できた布をプロパン燃焼ガス中850℃に保ち
賦活する。布の片面にプラズマ溶射法により厚さ
100μｍのアルミニウム層を形成し、直径10mmの
円状に打抜く。この電極２枚と、ポリプロピレン
製セパレータ（厚さ100μｍ）１枚、電解波とし
てプロピレンカーボネート、テトラエチルアンモ
ニウムパークロレートを用いて第３図に示す平板
状キヤパシタを構成する。
実施例 ２
直径4μｍのカイノール繊維と、直径10μｍのチ
タン線とを撚合わせて直径500μｍの二次繊維を
つくる。この繊維を縦・横糸に用いて、綾織りで
織る。できた布をプロパン燃焼ガス中850℃に保
ち賦活する。布の片面にプラズマ溶射法により厚
さ100μｍのアルミニウム電極層を形成し、実施
例１と同じ方法でキヤパシタを組立てる。
実施例 ３
実施例２で用いた直径500μｍの撚り線と直径
500μｍのチタン線とを第７図ｅに示すように三
次元織りし、布を形成する。これを850℃プロパ
ン燃焼ガス中で賦活し、布の片面にプラズマ溶射
法により厚さ100μｍのチタン電極層を形成し、
実施例１と同じ方法でキヤパシタを組立てる。
実施例 ４
直径500μｍのカイノール紡績糸を用いた布を
850℃プロパン燃焼ガス中で賦活する。この賦活
布に直径300μｍのアルミニウム線を織込み、片
面にアルミニウムプラズマ溶射層を形成する。直
径10mmの円形に打抜いた電極と、セパレータ、電
解液とからキヤパシタを構成する。
さらに本発明の別の実施例として、電解液に硫
酸水溶液を用いた場合を次に示す。
実施例 ５
直径10μｍのチタン線と直径4μｍのカイノール
繊維とを混ぜ合わせて直径500μｍの紡績糸とす
る。これを縦・横糸に用いて平織りにより布を形
成する。850℃プロパン燃焼ガス中で賦活後、布
の片面にチタン層をプラズマ溶射により形成す
る。この布を３cm×10cmのたんざく状に切り、第
９図に示すように、この布２放４０，４１と、ポ
リプロピレンセパレータ４２、濃度0.1mol／
の硫酸水溶液４３をケース４４に入れ電気二重層
キヤパシタを構成する。なお、４５，４６はチタ
ン層であり、これらにリード線４７，４８が設け
られている。
第２表は、以上の５つの実施例の本発明電気二
重層キヤパシタの特性を示すものである。同表に
比較のためにそれぞれの実施例に対応する従来構
成の電気二重層キヤパシタの特性を示す。
なお本実施例では述べなかつたが、布の織り方
は朱子織り、斜文織りなども効果がある。さらに
導電性電極として溶射層のかわりにカーボンペー
スト層を用いてもよい。[Table] (Objective of the Invention) The object of the present invention is to further lower the internal resistance of an electric double layer capacitor using the above-mentioned activated carbon fiber as a polarizable electrode. (Structure of the Invention) The present invention is an electric double layer capacitor that uses a structure such as a woven or nonwoven fabric made of activated carbon fibers and a conductive wire as a polarizable electrode. According to the present invention, since the conductive wire is woven in the thickness direction, surface direction, and entire area of the polarizable electrode body, it is particularly effective to take out the capacitance in the thickness direction, and the conductive electrode and polarizability Since the electrical contact with the electrode is also improved, the above-mentioned R 1 and R 2 are significantly reduced compared to the conventional one, and an electric double layer capacitor with low internal resistance is provided. (Description of Examples) FIG. 7 is a schematic enlarged view of some examples of polarizable electrodes of the present invention. In either case, it is composed of a conductive wire body 30 and activated carbon fibers 31. Figure 7a shows a plain weave structure using activated carbon fibers as warp threads and tantalum wire as weft threads. Figure 7b shows the same plain weave, but both the warp and weft are mostly woven with activated carbon fibers.
A part of the wire is made of tantalum wire, and the object of the present invention can be achieved even with such a structure. Figure 7c shows a secondary stranded wire with a diameter of 500 μm made by twisting primary fibers 33 with a diameter of 2 μm and tantalum wires 34 with a diameter of 2 μm at an appropriate ratio, and using this as the warp and weft yarns, it is made into a plain weave. It is something to do. Figure 7d
is a felt-like mixture of tantalum wire and activated carbon fiber, and may be constructed in a non-woven state in this way. Figure 7e shows a three-dimensional weave of tantalum wire and activated carbon fibers, and the three-dimensional weave ensures more reliable electrical contact between the conductive wire and the fibers, further increasing the effects of the present invention. . Methods for manufacturing such polarizable electrodes can be divided into the following two types. That is, there are two methods: a method in which a conductive wire and unactivated fibers are mixed in advance and activated, and a method in which the conductive wire is woven into an activated fiber cloth. Various conductive wires can be used, but in the former case, metals with a melting point higher than the activation temperature, such as tantalum, titanium, and nichrome, are suitable; in the latter case, aluminum,
Carbon fiber etc. are suitable. FIG. 8 schematically shows the effective functions of the present invention. That is, since the conductive wires 36 of low resistance are woven between the activated carbon fibers 35 of relatively high resistance, current collection is performed well in the entire activated carbon fiber layer 37, and the capacitance taken out to the conductive layer 38 is excellent.
As a result, as shown in the following example, the internal resistance of the capacitor becomes low and the capacitance value per volume becomes large. Next, some specific examples of the present invention will be described. Example 1 Kynol fibers with a diameter of 4 μm are twisted together to form secondary fibers with a diameter of 500 μm, which are used as weft threads, tantalum wires with a diameter of 500 μm are used as warp threads, and woven in a plain weave. The fabric is activated by keeping it at 850℃ in propane combustion gas. thickness by plasma spraying on one side of the cloth
Form a 100μm aluminum layer and punch out a circle with a diameter of 10mm. A flat capacitor shown in FIG. 3 is constructed using these two electrodes, one polypropylene separator (100 μm thick), and propylene carbonate and tetraethylammonium perchlorate as electrolytic waves. Example 2 Kynol fibers with a diameter of 4 μm and titanium wires with a diameter of 10 μm are twisted together to produce secondary fibers with a diameter of 500 μm. This fiber is used for the warp and weft threads and is woven in a twill weave. The fabric is activated by keeping it at 850℃ in propane combustion gas. A 100 μm thick aluminum electrode layer was formed on one side of the cloth by plasma spraying, and a capacitor was assembled in the same manner as in Example 1. Example 3 Stranded wire with a diameter of 500 μm and diameter used in Example 2
A 500 μm titanium wire is three-dimensionally woven as shown in FIG. 7e to form a cloth. This was activated in propane combustion gas at 850°C, and a 100 μm thick titanium electrode layer was formed on one side of the cloth by plasma spraying.
A capacitor is assembled in the same manner as in Example 1. Example 4 Cloth using Kynor spun yarn with a diameter of 500 μm
Activate in 850℃ propane combustion gas. An aluminum wire with a diameter of 300 μm is woven into this activation cloth, and an aluminum plasma sprayed layer is formed on one side. A capacitor is composed of a circular electrode punched out with a diameter of 10 mm, a separator, and an electrolyte. Furthermore, as another example of the present invention, a case where a sulfuric acid aqueous solution is used as the electrolytic solution will be described below. Example 5 A titanium wire with a diameter of 10 μm and a KYNOL fiber with a diameter of 4 μm are mixed to form a spun yarn with a diameter of 500 μm. This is used for the warp and weft to form cloth by plain weaving. After activation in propane combustion gas at 850°C, a titanium layer is formed on one side of the fabric by plasma spraying. This cloth was cut into strips of 3 cm x 10 cm, and as shown in FIG.
A sulfuric acid aqueous solution 43 is placed in a case 44 to form an electric double layer capacitor. Note that 45 and 46 are titanium layers, and lead wires 47 and 48 are provided on these layers. Table 2 shows the characteristics of the electric double layer capacitors of the present invention in the above five examples. The same table shows the characteristics of electric double layer capacitors with conventional configurations corresponding to the respective examples for comparison. Although not described in this embodiment, satin weave, oblique weave, and other weaving methods are also effective. Furthermore, a carbon paste layer may be used as the conductive electrode instead of the sprayed layer.
【表】
（発明の効果）
以上に記載のごとく、本発明によれば、分極性
電極内の内部抵抗が小さくなるために、電気二重
層キヤパシタの内部抵抗が低くなるとともに、容
量取出し効率が改善され従来と同容積の素子でも
大容量を取出すことが可能になる。また電極自身
の強度もより強くなり製法上の取扱いも容易にな
る。
よつて本発明の工業的価値は非常に大なるもの
である。[Table] (Effects of the invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the internal resistance within the polarizable electrode is reduced, so the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor is reduced and the capacity extraction efficiency is improved. This makes it possible to extract a large capacity even with a device with the same volume as the conventional device. In addition, the strength of the electrode itself becomes stronger and handling in the manufacturing process becomes easier. Therefore, the industrial value of the present invention is extremely large.
第１図は本発明電気二重層キヤパシタの基本構
成図、第２，３図は従来の電気二重層キヤパシタ
の構成例を示す図、第４図は、電気二重層キヤパ
シタの等価回路を示す図、第５図は、活性炭繊維
の製造プロセスを示す図、第６図は、従来の電気
二重層キヤパシタの分極性電極部の拡大模式図、
第７図は、本発明電気二重層キヤパシタに用いる
分極性電極のいくつかの種々を示す図、第８図
は、本発明の機能効果を示す模式図、第９図は、
本発明実施例の電気二重層キヤパシタの構成例の
ひとつを示すものである。
３０，３６……導電性線体、３１，３５……活
性炭繊維、３３……一次繊維、３４……タンタル
線、３７……活性炭繊維層全体、３８……導電
層、４０，４１……布、４２……ポリプロピレン
セパレータ、４３……硫酸水溶液、４４……ケー
ス、４５，４６……チタン層、４７，４８……リ
ード線。
FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a conventional electric double layer capacitor, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the electric double layer capacitor. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the manufacturing process of activated carbon fiber, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the polarizable electrode part of a conventional electric double layer capacitor.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing several types of polarizable electrodes used in the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the functional effects of the present invention, and FIG.
This figure shows one example of the configuration of an electric double layer capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 30, 36... Conductive wire body, 31, 35... Activated carbon fiber, 33... Primary fiber, 34... Tantalum wire, 37... Entire activated carbon fiber layer, 38... Conductive layer, 40, 41... Cloth , 42... Polypropylene separator, 43... Sulfuric acid aqueous solution, 44... Case, 45, 46... Titanium layer, 47, 48... Lead wire.
Claims (1)
織布のような構成体を分極性電極として用いる電
気二重層キヤパシタ。 ２ 上記構成体が、活性炭繊維と導電性線体を適
当に組合わせて、平織り、綾織り、朱子織り、斜
文織り、三次元織り、のいずれかの方式で織られ
てできた布であることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパシタ。 ３ 上記導電性線体が、活性炭の賦活温度よりも
高い融点を有する物質であることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパシ
タ。 ４ 上記導電性線体が、タンタル、チタン、ニク
ロム、のうちのいずれか、またはその合金である
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電
気二重層キヤパシタ。 ５ 上記活性炭繊維が、フエノール系、レーヨン
系、ピツチ系、PAN系のいずれかの繊維からつ
くられたものであることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の電気二重層キヤパシタ。 ６ フエノール系、レーヨン系、ピツチ系、
PAN系いずれかの繊維と、導電性線体とを適当
に組合わせて布を織り、この布を炭化賦活し、さ
らに適当な形状に加工して分極性電極とすること
を特徴とする電気二重層キヤパシタの製造法。 ７ 上記炭化賦活した布の表面に、プラズマ溶
射、炎溶射などの方法により金属層を形成して集
電層とすることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第６
項記載の電気二重層キヤパシタの製造法。 ８ 上記炭化賦活した布の表面に、導電性ペイン
ト塗布により導電性層を形成して集電層とするこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第６項記載の電気
二重層キヤパシタの製造法。[Claims] 1. An electric double layer capacitor using a structure such as a woven or nonwoven fabric made of activated carbon fibers and a conductive wire as a polarizable electrode. 2 The above-mentioned structure is a cloth made by appropriately combining activated carbon fibers and conductive wires and woven in any one of plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, oblique weave, and three-dimensional weave. An electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive wire is a substance having a melting point higher than the activation temperature of activated carbon. 4. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive wire is made of tantalum, titanium, nichrome, or an alloy thereof. 5. The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fiber is made from any one of phenol-based, rayon-based, pitch-based, and PAN-based fibers. 6 Phenol type, rayon type, pitch type,
An electric diode characterized by weaving a cloth by suitably combining any of the PAN-based fibers and a conductive wire, carbonizing the cloth, and further processing it into a suitable shape to form a polarizable electrode. Manufacturing method of multilayer capacitor. 7. Claim 6, characterized in that a metal layer is formed on the surface of the carbonized cloth by a method such as plasma spraying or flame spraying to form a current collecting layer.
A method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor as described in . 8. The method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that a conductive layer is formed on the surface of the carbonized cloth by applying conductive paint to form a current collecting layer.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58172123A JPS6064422A (en) | 1983-09-20 | 1983-09-20 | Electric double layer capacitor and its manufacturing method |
| DE8484305362T DE3484812D1 (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1984-08-07 | ELECTRIC DOUBLE LAYER CAPACITOR AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME. |
| US06/638,656 US4597028A (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1984-08-07 | Electric double layer capacitor and method for producing the same |
| EP84305362A EP0134706B1 (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1984-08-07 | Electric double layer capacitor and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58172123A JPS6064422A (en) | 1983-09-20 | 1983-09-20 | Electric double layer capacitor and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6064422A JPS6064422A (en) | 1985-04-13 |
| JPS6314492B2 true JPS6314492B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 |
Family
ID=15935977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58172123A Granted JPS6064422A (en) | 1983-08-08 | 1983-09-20 | Electric double layer capacitor and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6064422A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014077393A1 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | スペースリンク株式会社 | Cnt/non-woven composite capacitor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4967092B2 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-07-04 | 日本電産サンキョー株式会社 | Lens drive device |
| US8345406B2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2013-01-01 | Avx Corporation | Electric double layer capacitor |
-
1983
- 1983-09-20 JP JP58172123A patent/JPS6064422A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014077393A1 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | スペースリンク株式会社 | Cnt/non-woven composite capacitor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6064422A (en) | 1985-04-13 |
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