JPS6316031B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a grain drying method that can efficiently dry grains while preventing loss of drying hot air by changing the ventilation direction of drying hot air at any time according to the moisture state of circulating flowing grains. and regarding its equipment.

Conventionally, a pair of perforated flow grain plates arranged in a downwardly sloping manner toward a feeding section located approximately in the center of the dryer main body were used to create a storage chamber in the upper part of the dryer main body and a suction and exhaust chamber in the lower part. The opposing surfaces of the pair of porous grain plates are partitioned into a storage chamber facing the pair of porous grain plates so that there are left and right drying passages whose upper end connects to the storage chamber and whose lower end connects to the feeding section, respectively. A hot air chamber formed in a porous wall is provided, and the grains that are circulated and flowed toward the feeding section along a pair of drying passages are dried by a one-way ventilation action of dry hot air that flows from the hot air chamber toward the suction and exhaust chamber. Such a method for drying grains is well known and was described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 42859/1983, prior to the filing of this application. In addition, when grains are dried using circulating drying hot air, when the grains are in a high moisture state, a large amount of moisture is naturally emanated from the grains, and the drying hot air becomes saturated and the drying ability is significantly reduced. On the other hand, grains are in a low moisture state (e.g. 18% or less)
It is also well known that when this happens, the drying hot air after passing through the drying passage has sufficient drying ability because the amount of moisture released is small.

However, in the known grain drying method having the above-mentioned configuration, drying hot air is always sucked and discharged from the hot air chamber through the drying passage, regardless of the moisture state of the grain, from the beginning to the end of drying. Since the drying process was carried out with one-way ventilation leading to the room, the drying process caused the grain to become low in moisture (e.g.
18% or less), the drying hot air discharged from the drying passage into the suction/exhaust chamber will continue to be discharged outside the machine, even though it still has sufficient drying capacity, resulting in drying. Not only does this result in a significant waste of fuel consumption as well as the use of hot air, but it also has the drawback of reducing drying efficiency.

Therefore, in order to solve the drawbacks of the above-mentioned known grain drying methods, the present invention has been devised so that when the grains being circulated and flowed are in a high moisture state, they are dried by a one-way ventilation action of dry hot air, and the grains are kept in a low moisture state as the drying progresses. Then, by changing the direction of drying hot air, which used to be blown in one direction, to pass through the drying passage twice, the drying efficiency can be further improved while achieving significant savings in drying hot air and heating costs. The object of the present invention is to provide a grain drying method and apparatus for drying grain.

In view of the foregoing, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention particularly provides a method and structure for circulating air flow along left and right drying passages provided between a hot air passage and an exhaust air passage which are internally partitioned into two. When the grain to be processed is in a high moisture state, the circulating flowing grain is dried by blowing dry hot air from two air passages simultaneously through the left and right drying passages and the air exhaust passage to the air exhaust chamber, and the circulating flowing grain is dried. As the drying process progresses, the moisture content becomes low, the direction of the drying hot air is changed from one air path to the other drying path and then to the exhaust air path.
Furthermore, the grain drying method is characterized in that the drying is completed while the ventilation is passed from the exhaust passage to the other drying passage to the ventilation chamber from the other air passage, and The hot air duct and the exhaust duct, which are divided into two air passages, are arranged to face each other so that the left and right drying passages whose lower ends join together are formed between the two air ducts, and the two air ducts and the exhaust duct facing the left and right drying passages are arranged oppositely. Each of the air passages is provided with a ventilation wall, and the front side of the dryer main body has a hot air chamber connected to the two air passages through a ventilation window, and the rear side has one of the air passages and an exhaust air passage. In addition to providing ventilation chambers communicating through main and sub-ventilation windows, each of the ventilation windows is provided with a ventilation opening/closing plate for opening and closing the communication state between one of the air passages and the hot-air chamber, and the main and sub-ventilation windows are provided with This is a grain drying device characterized in that main and sub-air exhaust opening/closing plates for opening and closing one air passage and the ventilation chamber, and the exhaust passage and the ventilation chamber, respectively, are rotatably mounted on shafts. According to this method and apparatus, when the circulating flow grain is in a high moisture state such as in the early stage of drying, the hot air chamber and the two air channels are opened and closed by the opening and closing operations of the blower opening/closing plate and the main/sub-air exhaust opening/closing plate. In addition, the air exhaust passage and the ventilation chamber are both in communication with each other, so that dry hot air is delivered from the two air passages simultaneously through the left and right drying passages and the ventilation passage to the ventilation chamber, and the ventilation action is performed accurately to ensure sufficient drying capacity. Although high moisture grains can be efficiently dried with dry hot air, if the circulating grain becomes low in moisture due to the progress of drying, the air blower opening/closing plate and the main and sub-air exhaust opening/closing plates can be opened and closed. , one of the two air ducts is isolated from the hot air room and converted to hot air, the main ventilation window is closed, the sub-exhaust window is opened, and the drying hot air is transferred from one air duct to the other. The dry hot air with drying capacity is twice changed by changing the direction of the ventilation so that it passes through the passageway to the exhaust passage, and from the other air passage converted from the exhaust passage to the ventilation chamber. After crossing the drying passage, the air is discharged outside the machine to achieve effective use of dry hot air.
Not only can wasteful loss of drying hot air and significant savings in fuel consumption be avoided, but also the drying efficiency can be further improved.

Below are four methods using the grain drying method according to the present invention.
A preferred embodiment of the layered grain drying apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings will be described.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a dryer main body in the shape of an oblong rectangular cylinder, and inside the dryer main body 1 are a pair of downwardly inclined grain plates 3 connected at one end to a pair of left and right feeding parts 2, 2, respectively. , 3 and a mountain-style grain plate 4 disposed at an upper position between the pair of left and right feeding parts 2, 2.
A storage chamber 5 is formed at the upper part of the dryer main body 1, which is partitioned by the above-mentioned grain plates 3, 3 and the chevron grain plate 4, and is provided with a storage chamber 5 which is inclined downward toward the central unloading gutter 6. A pair of floating grain boards 7,7
An air exhaust passage 8 is provided.

In the accommodation chamber 5 between the pair of left and right grain grain plates 3, 3 and the mountain grain grain plate 4, there are blind walls 10 on both sides of the upper half.
In addition, the left and right sides of the lower half are provided with porous ventilation walls 11.
A pair of left and right hot air passages 9, 9 each having a rhombus shape as a whole are arranged in a and 11b, and left and right hot air passages having the same width are provided between the flow grain board 3 and the mountain flow grain board 4 and the hot air flow path 9. The drying passages 12a, 12b are formed to be connected to the feeding section 2 with the same slope.

Ventilation wall surfaces 3a and 4a are provided on the flow grain boards 3, 3 and the chevron flow grain board 4 at positions facing the ventilation wall surfaces 11a, 11b, respectively.

A feed roll 13 is rotatably mounted in the drying passages 12a, 12 in the feed portions 2, 2.
The grains in b are directly discharged into the exhaust passage 8. The left and right hot air passages 9, 9 described above are provided along the longitudinal direction of the dryer main body 1, and the inside thereof is partitioned into two air passages 9a, 9b by partition walls 14, 14, respectively. On the front side of the dryer main body 1, there is a hot air chamber 15 that is hollow inside and equipped with a hot air generator 16 on the front side, and on the rear side, there is a hot air chamber 15 that is hollow inside and has a suction and exhaust system installed on the rear side. The ventilation chamber 17 equipped with the wind device 18 is integrally arranged, and the ventilation chamber 15 and the left and right hot air channels 9, 9 are communicated through the ventilation windows 19, 19, and the ventilation chamber 17 and the exhaust The air passage 8 is the main ventilation windows 20, 20 provided on the left and right positions, and the ventilation chamber 17 and the air passage 9a, 9a of one of the hot air passages 9, 9 are communicated through the sub-exhaust windows 21, 21. There is.

And the ventilation windows 19, 19 have one air passage 9a,
The ventilation opening/closing plates 22, 22, which can open and close only 9b, are rotatably mounted on an axis, and the main and sub-exhaust windows 20,
20, 21, and 21 are also rotatably mounted with rotatable main and sub-air exhaust opening/closing plates 23, 23, 24, and 24 to open and close the main and sub-air exhaust windows 20, 20, 21, and 21.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an elevator for circulating and flowing the grains or for making the grains stick into the dryer main body 1,
The lower part of the elevator 25 is connected to the discharge side of the carry-out gutter 6, and the upper part is connected to the supply start end side of the carry-in gutter 26 installed horizontally at the top of the dryer main body 1, so that the grains are transported inside the dryer main body 1. Allow circulation to flow.

27 is a carry-out screw horizontally suspended within the carry-out gutter 6, and 28 is a conveyance screw horizontally suspended within the carry-in gutter 26.

Next, the method will be explained.

In the figure, high-moisture grains are filled into the storage chamber 5 through the elevator 25 and the carry-in gutter 26, and when a predetermined amount has been supplied, the supply is stopped, and then the ventilation opening/closing plates 22, 22 are operated to open the ventilation window. 19, 19 and at the same time open the main and sub-ventilation opening/closing plates 23, 2.
3, 24, 24 to open the main exhaust windows 20, 20 and close the sub-exhaust windows 21, 21, operate the hot air generator 16 and the suction/exhaust device 18 to blow the air. The dry hot air thus produced is sucked and introduced from the hot air chamber 15 into the two hot air paths 9a, 9a, 9b, 9b, and the delivery rolls 13, 13, the carry-out screw 27, and the conveyance screw 28 are rotated.

Then, the grains filled in the storage chamber 5 are sequentially flowed toward the delivery portions 2, 2 along the left and right drying passages 12a, 12a, 12b, 12b by the rotation of the delivery rolls 13, 13. On the other hand, the dry hot air suctioned into the two hot air passages 9a, 9a, 9b, 9b by the suction action of the suction/exhaust device 18 as shown by the solid line arrows in FIG. , 11a, 11b, 11b, respectively, and left and right drying passages 12a, 12a, 12b, 1
2b through ventilation wall surfaces 3a, 3a, and 4a,
4a into the ventilation passage 8, and then the main ventilation window 2.
After entering the ventilation chamber 17 from 0 and 20, the air is exhausted outside the machine by the suction and exhaust device 18, thereby performing a ventilation function.

Therefore, in a high moisture state such as in the early stage of grain drying, drying hot air is simultaneously delivered from the left and right two air passages 9a, 9a, 9b, 9b of the hot air passages 9, 9 to the drying passages 12a, 12a, 12b, 12b. The drying passage 12
The grains that are sequentially flowed through a, 12a, 12b, and 12b are dried.

After the grains, which have been dried to some extent as described above, are discharged into the exhaust chamber 8 by the delivery rolls 13, 13, they are sent to the elevator 25 by the unloading screw 27, and further passed through the elevator 25 and the carry-in gutter 26 to the storage chamber. 5 to perform a circulation action.

Therefore, if the grain is circulated and flowed multiple times in the above-described operation, the grain in a high moisture state becomes a low moisture state (for example, 18% or less) as drying progresses. In this way, when it is detected that the grain is in a low moisture state, the ventilation opening/closing plates 22, 22 close the ventilation windows 19, 19 of one of the air passages 9b, 9b, and at the same time, the main and sub-ventilation opening/closing plates 23 , 23, 24, 24 close the main ventilation windows 20, 20, and close the secondary ventilation windows 21, 2.
Leave 1 open.

Then, the dry hot air in the hot air chamber 15 enters one of the air passages 9a, 9a through the ventilation windows 19, 19 along the direction of the dashed line arrow in FIG. It enters the ventilation chamber 8 and further passes through the other drying passage 12 from the ventilation chamber 8.
After entering the other air passages 9b, 9b through the drying passages 12a, 12b, the ventilation direction is changed to enter the ventilation chamber 17 through the sub-exhaust windows 21, 21, and the drying passages 12a, 1
The grains circulated along the lines 2a, 12b, and 12b are dried twice by the same drying hot air.

Therefore, the drying hot air, which has sufficient drying capacity as when the grain is in a low moisture state, is not directly discharged outside the machine, but the direction of the airflow can be easily changed.
Since the same drying hot air can be used to perform the drying process twice, grains can be efficiently dried while not only preventing air loss but also saving on fuel consumption.

According to the present invention, the number of drying passages 12a, 12b can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the number of hot air passages 9, and when it is desired to dry a fractional amount of grain, the number of drying passages 12a, 12b can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the number of hot air passages 9. Drying passage 12a, 12a
If drying hot air is passed through the drying chamber as in the case of drying in a low-moisture state while allowing the grain to circulate and flow inside, the fractional amount of grain can be efficiently dried.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a grain drying apparatus using the method of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view when drying high moisture grain, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view when drying low moisture grain. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional front view in the direction of arrow A-A in Figure 1 excluding the elevator;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line B--B in FIG. 2, excluding the elevator. 1...Dryer main body, 2...Feeding section, 3a...
Ventilation wall surface provided on the wall of the ventilation duct, 8...ventilation duct,
9... Hot air path, 9a, 9b... The two air paths, 11
a, 11b... Ventilation wall surface of hot air path, 12a, 12
b...Right and left drying passages, 14...Partition walls, 15...
...hot air room, 17...exhaust room, 19...ventilation window, 2
0...Main exhaust window, 21...Sub-exhaust window, 22...Blower opening/closing plate, 23...Main exhaust opening/closing plate, 24...Sub-exhaust opening/closing plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When the grains that are being circulated and flowed along the left and right drying passages provided between the hot air passage and the exhaust air passage, which are divided into two passages, are in a high moisture state, the dry hot air is divided into two passages. At the same time, the circulating flow grains are dried while simultaneously providing one-way ventilation to the ventilation chamber through the left and right drying passages and exhaust channels, and when the circulating flow grains become low in water content as drying progresses, While changing the ventilation direction of the dry hot air from one air passage through one drying passage to the ventilation passage, and further from the exhaust passage to the other drying passage and from the other air passage to the ventilation chamber. A grain drying method characterized in that drying is completed. 2 Inside the dryer body, the hot air passage and the exhaust air passage, which are internally divided into two air passages, are arranged facing each other so that left and right drying passages are formed with their lower ends merging between both air passages, and the above-mentioned left and right drying passages are A ventilation wall is provided in each of the two air passages and the exhaust air passage facing the drying passage, and a hot air chamber connected to the two air passages through a ventilation window is provided on the front side of the dryer main body, and a hot air chamber is provided on the rear side of the dryer body. A ventilation chamber is provided which communicates with one of the air channels and the ventilation channel through a main and sub-exhaust window, respectively, and the ventilation window has a ventilation opening/closing mechanism that opens and closes the communication state between one of the air channels and the hot air chamber. The main and auxiliary ventilation opening/closing plates are rotatably mounted on the main and auxiliary ventilation windows, and the main and auxiliary ventilation opening/closing plates that open and close one of the air ducts and the ventilation chamber, and the ventilation duct and the ventilation chamber, respectively. Characteristic grain drying equipment.