JPS632032B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine when the hydraulic machine, which is connected to a rotating electric machine and is performing power generation or water pumping operation, is switched to idling operation in the power generation direction or the pumping direction, respectively.

In general, hydraulic machines connected to rotating electric machines are operated by compressed air to push down the water in the flow path to reduce the reaction torque of the runners during generation phase adjustment or pumping standby operation, exposing the runners in the air and idling. I am driving.

In this case, in order to greatly reduce the reaction torque of the runner, the guide vane and inlet valve of the hydraulic machine are fully closed, and compressed air is supplied to the runner chamber to lower the water level in the runner chamber.
To prevent the residual water in the casing from leaking into the runner room through the gap between the guide vanes, compressed air is supplied directly into the casing and the residual water in the casing is discharged to the suction pipe via the drain pipe. A method has been proposed in which the water level in the casing is at least pushed down, and then the guide vanes are opened to shift to idling operation. In this way, the conventional method of fully closing the guide vane and inlet valve, supplying air to the runner chamber and the casing individually to push down the water level in each area, and then opening the guide vane to shift to idling operation is , is reasonable from the perspective of reducing runner idle loss and temperature rise, but
In practical use, there are basic problems as described below.

First, with the guide vane and inlet valve fully closed, high-pressure air is supplied directly into the casing, and the water in the casing is drained to the suction pipe only through a drain pipe that has a much smaller volume than the casing. As a result, the drainage effect is significantly lower than when draining the runner chamber directly connected to the suction pipe, and it takes a long time to lower the water surface. Therefore, during this period, the inside of the casing is exposed to a dangerous high pressure state, which poses a safety problem.

Second, the guide vanes are fully closed to supply air to the runner chamber, which is directly connected to the suction pipe section, to push down the water level in the runner chamber, and the runner chamber and the casing section are communicated downward through the drain pipe. In this case, the runner chamber and the casing are communicating with each other at the bottom, so the pressure to push down the water surface due to the air supply inside the casing is lower than the runner's pressure. It works in the opposite direction, pushing up the water level indoors. Furthermore, if air is again supplied into the runner chamber for the purpose of suppressing the accompanying rise in the water level in the runner chamber, the pressure to push down the water surface due to the supplied air will act in the opposite direction to raise the water level in the casing.
Therefore, controlling the water surface in the runner chamber and in the casing using separate air supplies to lower the water surface causes mutual interference between the respective pressures, making it difficult to quickly stabilize the water surface. At the same time, problems arise in terms of control reliability, such as complicated air supply control.

Thirdly, since the air supply piping and the pressure-down water level detector are provided separately for the runner chamber and the casing, the water surface depression device becomes complicated and becomes expensive.

On the other hand, in recent years, there has been a trend in which phase adjustment operations in the power generation direction or pumping direction are frequently carried out for power adjustment or to quickly respond to demands for power supply and demand. Therefore, there is a need for a reliable and accurate operation control method that can solve the above-mentioned problems and greatly suppress the idle loss and temperature rise caused by the stirring action of the runner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine that can simply, accurately, and safely shift to idle operation.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 is a main shaft, and a runner 2 is directly connected to this main shaft 1. The runner 2 is housed in a runner chamber 3, and guide vanes 4 are arranged circumferentially on the outer circumferential side of the runner. Further, a casing 5 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the guide vane 4 and is connected to the runner chamber 3. An inlet valve 6 is attached to this casing 5.
Further, a suction pipe 7 is connected to the lower part of the runner chamber 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes an air supply pipe for supplying compressed air to the guide vane inner flow path section consisting of the runner chamber 3 and the suction pipe 7, and has an air supply pipe valve 9. 10
is the guide vane outer flow path portion connecting the guide vane outer flow path portion below the guide vane 4 from the guide vane 4 to the inlet valve 6 and the guide vane inner flow path portion below the runner chamber 3; It is a drain pipe and has a drain pipe valve 11. Furthermore, 12 is a push-down water level detector in the guide vane inner flow path section.

Next, a method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine having such a configuration will be explained. When the inlet valve 6 and the guide vane 4 are opened to switch a hydraulic machine that is currently generating electricity or pumping water to idle operation, the procedure is as follows. As shown in the time diagram of FIG. 2, the present invention controls the guide vane 4 and the inlet valve 6 so that the guide vane 4 is fully closed first, and the guide vane 4 is fully closed. After reaching this point, compressed air is supplied from the air supply pipe 8 to the guide vane inner flow path to push down the water in the guide vane inner flow path to a specified position, and the air supply from the air supply pipe 8 is stopped. Next, when the inlet valve 6 is fully closed, the drain pipe 10 is opened to allow the guide vane outer flow path portion and the guide vane inner flow path portion to communicate with each other downwardly, thereby balancing the respective pressures. Thereafter, the guide vane 4 is opened and the residual water in the guide vane outer flow path is discharged to the suction pipe 7 through the drain pipe 10 by the centrifugal action of the runner 2, and the water remains above the lowest part of the guide vane 4. During this time, part of the guide vane 4 and runner chamber 3
The water is also discharged from the passage through which it passes into the suction pipe 7 to promote drainage in the guide vane outer flow path. If the water level in the inner flow path of the guide vane increases accordingly, the water level is controlled by air supply operation to the inner flow path of the guide vane through the air supply pipe 8, and the water level is returned to the specified position. From beginning to end, the water surface of the guide vane outer flow path is also lower than the guide vane 3 due to the water surface push-down control by the supplied air only in the guide vane inner flow path.
Press down to the 0 opening level and shift to idling operation. In this case, the air supply control of the guide vane inner flow path section closes the air supply pipe valve 9 when the water level detected by the water level detector 12 reaches the specified position, and closes the air supply pipe valve 9 if the water level is above the specified position. This is done by opening the air supply pipe valve 9. In addition, when the water surface of the guide vane inner flow path section is first pressed down, in order to avoid underwater shut-off operation of the runner 2, air supply should be started from a predetermined small opening while the guide vane 4 is fully closed. It may also be done by

As described above, according to the operation control method of the present invention, firstly, by directly applying high-pressure compressed air only to the guide vane inner flow passage portion, which is directly connected to the suction pipe 7 below and has an extremely good drainage effect, the water surface can be reduced. Since the pressing down is performed, it is possible to prevent the casing 5 from being exposed to a dangerous high pressure condition as in the conventional method described above.

Secondly, when pushing down the water surface of the guide vane inner flow path and the guide vane outer flow path that communicate with each other below, air is supplied to only one of the guide vane inner flow path. The above-mentioned problem of oscillation of the water surface caused by air supply and pushing down each water surface individually as in the conventional method is eliminated, and the water surface can be quickly stabilized, making it extremely easy to control. It is simple and accurate.

Thirdly, while the residual water in the guide vane outer flow path is discharged to the suction pipe 7 through the drain pipe 10, a portion of the water is discharged from the guide vane 4 while the water remains above the lowest part of the guide vane 4. Since the water is also discharged from the path passing through the runner chamber 3 to the suction pipe 7, the drainage effect of the guide vane outer flow path section is enhanced and drainage can be carried out quickly.

Fourthly, since the water surface pushing device such as the air supply pipe and the water level detector is only provided in the inner flow path section of one of the guide vanes, the control system is simplified and economical.

Further, since the water in the guide vane outer flow path is pushed down below the guide vane 4 while the guide vane 4 is left open and the idling operation continues, it is possible to completely prevent water from entering the runner chamber 3.
It is possible to significantly reduce idle loss and temperature rise due to stirring.

In addition, in the above embodiment of the operation control method according to the present invention, when the guide vane 4 and the inlet valve 6 are closed in the transition process from power generation or pumping operation to idle operation, the guide vane 4 is fully closed first. However, conversely, by controlling the closing of each valve at the same time or so that the inlet valve 6 is fully closed first, the power generation or pumping load can be reduced. The time required from operation to idle operation can be further shortened. Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

As shown in the time diagram of this embodiment in FIG. When the inlet valve 6 is fully closed, the drain pipe 10 is opened and the guide vane outer flow path portion and the guide vane inner flow path portion are closed downward. By communicating with each other to balance the pressure of each,
Next, when the guide vane 4 is fully closed, air is supplied from the air supply pipe 8 to the guide vane inner flow path to push down the water in the guide vane inner flow path to a specified position, and the air supply is stopped; After that, the guide vane 4 is opened, and in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, the water surface of the guide vane outer flow path is also pushed down by controlling the water surface of the inner flow path of the guide vane by supplying air only, and the idle operation is started. Transition.

That is, in the case of a method in which the guide vane is fully closed first, after the water surface of the guide vane inner flow path is pushed down, the guide vane outer flow path remains closed for a while until the inlet valve is fully closed. However, in the case of this method in which the inlet valve is fully closed at the same time as or before the guide vane, the water surface in the guide vane outer flow path can be lowered immediately after the water surface in the guide vane inner flow path is lowered. The water surface can be pushed down,
Therefore, it is possible to shift to idle operation earlier.

As described above, when switching a hydraulic machine that is generating electricity or pumping water to idle operation, the present invention can easily, safely and accurately lower the water surface, and can greatly reduce runner idle loss and temperature rise. It can be said that this is an extremely rational and novel method, as it is possible to shift to idling operation by reducing the amount of fuel.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydraulic machine in which the operation control method of the present invention is used, FIG. 2 is a time line diagram of an embodiment of the operation control method for a hydraulic machine of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a temporal diagram of another example. 1...Main shaft, 2...Runner, 3...Runner chamber, 4...Guide vane, 5...Casing, 6...Inlet valve, 7...
Suction pipe, 8... Air supply pipe, 9... Air supply pipe valve, 10... Drain pipe, 11... Drain pipe valve, 12... Water level detector.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine that switches a hydraulic machine that is performing power generation or pumping operation to idling operation by opening a guide vane and an inlet valve, the guide vane and the inlet valve are opened. When the guide vane is fully closed, air is supplied to the guide vane inner flow path consisting of the runner chamber and the suction pipe, thereby increasing the guide vane inner flow. When the water in the passage is pushed down to a specified position and the inlet valve is fully closed, the lower part of the guide vane outer flow passage from the guide vane to the inlet valve and the inner flow passage of the guide vane are The drain pipe connected to the lower part of the runner chamber is opened, and then the guide vane is opened to discharge the water in the guide vane outer flow path to the guide vane inner flow path, and the rise is caused by this. The changing water surface of the guide vane inner flow path is controlled by air supply to the guide vane inner flow path to return to the specified position, and the water level is controlled by air supply only in the guide vane inner flow path from beginning to end. A method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine, characterized in that the water surface of the guide vane outer flow path is also pushed down by the water surface push-down control to shift to idling operation. 2. In a method of controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine that switches a hydraulic machine that is generating electricity or pumping water to idle operation by opening the guide vane and the inlet valve, the guide vane and the inlet valve are opened at the same time or the inlet valve is opened first. After fully closing the inlet valves, connect the drain pipe connecting the lower part of the guide vane outer flow path and the lower part of the guide vane inner flow path below the runner chamber. After the guide vane is fully closed, air is supplied to the guide vane inner flow path to push the water in the guide vane inner flow path down to a specified position, and then the guide vane is opened to remove water from the guide vane outer flow path. The water is discharged to the guide vane inner flow path, and the water level in the guide vane inner flow path, which changes upward accordingly, is controlled by air supply to the guide vane inner flow path until it reaches the specified position. A method for controlling the operation of a hydraulic machine, characterized in that the water surface is pushed down by air supplied only in the guide vane inner flow path part from beginning to end, and the water surface in the guide vane outer flow path part is also pushed down to shift to idling operation. .