JPS6320644B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool that processes a workpiece by placing it on a pallet that supports tools for processing the workpiece.

Conventionally, a machine tool is known in which a tool magazine is placed on a table that supports a workpiece, and the movement of the table is used to position the tool magazine to a position corresponding to the main axis of the machine tool for tool exchange. .

However, in such conventional machine tools,
To change tools, the spindle must be moved relatively between the workpiece and the tool magazine, especially when the workpiece has multiple machining locations.
The main axis must be moved relatively many times,
The time required for this becomes idle time, which has the disadvantage of reducing processing efficiency. In addition, the workpiece must be moved relative to the spindle beyond the stroke range required for normal machining, which has the disadvantage of increasing the size of the spindle head and feeding mechanism.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a tool for machining the workpiece is supported on a pallet that supports the workpiece, and while the tool is supported on the pallet, the spindle and the tool are coupled to process the workpiece. By processing, the drawbacks of the conventional ones mentioned above can be eliminated,
This makes it possible to exchange the spindle with another tool in a short time, reducing idle time, and eliminating the need to move the spindle back and forth significantly to set the tool at the processing location on the workpiece. The object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool whose feeding mechanism can be made compact.

In addition to the first invention, the second invention reduces the tool holding space by pooling the pallet supporting the tool as it is in the pallet pool, and also makes it possible to reduce the tool holding space when placing the workpiece on the pallet. The object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool in which the workpiece can be easily and automatically attached and detached without interfering with the workpiece.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine tool main body, and the machine tool main body 1 has a saddle 3 supported on a bed 2. As shown in FIG. The saddle 3 is moved in the X direction, that is, in the second
It is designed to be sent in the left and right direction in the figure. A column 5 is supported on the saddle 3, and the column 5 is driven by a drive motor 6 in the Z direction, that is, in the left-right direction in FIG.
A spindle head 7 is supported on the column 5, and the spindle head 7 is driven by a drive motor 8 in the Y direction, that is, in the vertical direction in FIG. A main shaft 9 is supported by the main shaft head 7 so as to be rotated by a driving motor thereof. As shown in FIG. 5, a drawing bar 10 is loosely inserted into the main shaft 9, and a chuck mechanism 12 is connected to the tip of the drawing bar 10. The chuck mechanism 12 is opened and closed by reciprocating the chuck mechanism 12, and a tool insertion device 51 is constituted by the chuck mechanism 12. Further, a fixed base 13 is provided on the bed 2 in front of the column 5, that is, on the right side in FIG.
4 is adapted to be reciprocated in the X direction by the drive of a drive motor 15. A tool operating device 16, which will be described later, is provided on one side of the saddle 3 on the bed 2.

Pallet 17 placed on the table 14
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 8, particularly FIGS. 5 to 7, a lift table 19 is supported on the bottom wall 18a of the rectangular plate-shaped pallet main body 18. A workpiece 20 is placed on top. A pair of clamp rods 21 are fitted and supported on the bottom wall 18a of the pallet main body 18 so as to be movable up and down.
The clamp rods 21 are disposed adjacent to both sides of the lift platform 19, and have generally J-shaped and inverted J-shaped workpiece clampers 22 pivotally mounted at their upper ends, respectively. This clamper 22 has a contact portion 22a, and as the clamp rod 21 rises, this contact portion 22a
is adapted to come into contact with the stopper 22b.
Inclined cam 21 provided at the bottom of the clamp rod 21
a are respectively supported on inclined cams 24 provided on the nut 23. The nut 23 is a screw shaft 25
One clutch member 26 is fixed to one end of the screw shaft 25 protruding from the pallet main body 18. A clutch member 27 removably engages with these clutch members 26.
are respectively fixed to shafts 28a of a clamper operating motor 28, and the clamper operating motor 28 is fixed to the bed 2 via a support base 29. A pair of lift rods 30 are fitted and supported in the bottom wall 18a of the pallet main body 18 so as to be movable up and down.
has its upper end fixed to the lift stand 19 and is disposed between the clamp rods 21. lift rod 3
Inclined cams 30a provided on opposite sides of the nut 31 are respectively supported on inclined cams 32 provided on both sides of the nut 31. The nut 31 is screwed onto a screw shaft 33 and is supported movably only in the axial direction by the bottom wall 18a, and one clutch member 34 is fixed to one end of the screw shaft 32 protruding from the pallet main body 18. . Clutch members 35, which are removably engaged with the clutch members 34, are each fixed to a shaft 36a of a workpiece lift motor 36, and the lift motor 36 is fixed to the bed 2 via the support base 29. First and second tools 3 consisting of boring bars are attached to the tool support portions 18b and 18c of the pallet main body 18 via support members 37 and 38.
9 and 40 are penetrated and supported, and the shank portions 39a and 40a of both tools 39 and 40 are connected to the pallet main body 18.
A support plate 41 that comes into contact with the outer surface of the tool support portion 18b of
stands out from Both tools 39 and 40 are provided with a plurality of bits 39b and 40b, and are arranged perpendicularly to the screw shafts 25 and 33. Further, the tools 39 and 40 are rotatably supported by support members 37 and 38, and one of the support members 3
The tools 39 and 40 can be pulled out in the axial direction by aligning the bits 39b and 40b with the groove 37a of No. 7 and the groove 41a of the support plate 41. A rotation pin 42 is installed in the tool support portion 18b of the pallet main body 18, and this pin 42
is removably fitted into the fitting hole 41c of the support plate 41, and the ball 43 is removably engaged with the annular groove 42a provided in the detent pin 42.
4 and is supported by a support plate 41. An engagement notch 45 is fitted into the upper part of the tip of the support plate 41 so as to be movable up and down.
A ball 46 is selectively engaged with one of the a and 45b, the ball 46 is supported by the support plate 41 by a spring 47, and the engagement piece 45 provided at the lower end of the engagement notch 45
c is adapted to be removably engaged with a driving force transmission groove 39c provided at the tip of the first tool 39. An actuating rod 45d is protruded in front of the engaging notch 45, and an engaging element 48 that removably engages with the actuating rod 45d is fixed to a piston 49a of a cylinder mechanism 49 for raising and lowering the notch. 49 is fixed to the front end surface of the spindle head 7,
A driving key 50 is provided on the front surface of the main shaft 9 and is removably engaged with the driving force transmission groove 39c. Although not shown, the engagement notch 45 and its attached members are also provided on the support plate 41 at a portion corresponding to the second tool 40. Engagement grooves 18d and 18e are formed on the outer surface of the lower part of the tool support portions 18b and 18c of the pallet body 18.
Two square-shaped pallet clampers 52 on each side, which are formed parallel to and removably engage with the engagement grooves 18d and 18d, are connected to clamper drive means 53 such as a cylinder mechanism, and these drive means 53, Support members 5 are arranged near both sides of the fixed base 13.
It is fixed to the bed 2 via 4.

The loading/unloading device 55 for loading and unloading the pallet 17 into and out of the processing position is shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4.
As shown in the figure, a pallet transfer mechanism 56 and a workpiece transfer mechanism 57 are provided.

The pallet loading mechanism 56 includes a pallet pool 58 disposed in front of the bed 2 and a tool operating device 16.
The pallet 17 supporting the first and second tools 39 and 40 is carried in and out between the workpiece 20 transfer position A where the table 14 is located in front of the workpiece 20 and the workpiece 20 transfer position A. In the pallet pool 58, an endless chain 60 is hung around the left and right sprocket wheels 59 on the vertical axis, and a large number of moving tables 61 are connected to this endless chain 60 at regular intervals.
It is supported so that it can travel on a pair of rails 62, 62, and the rails 62, 62 are supported on the floor surface by a base 63. Then, one of the sprocket wheels 59 is rotated by a drive device (not shown) to move the endless chain 60, and the moving table 6 is accordingly moved.
Among the pallets 17 positioned and placed on the positioning members 64 fixed on the moving table 61 by the movement of step 1, the necessary ones corresponding to the workpieces are selected and carried in and carried out at the carrying out position B. It is something that makes it stop. A pedestal 65 extending from above the carrying-in/unloading position B to above the workpiece transfer position A is suspended and fixed to the ceiling 66 of the machine tool.
A pinion 69 is engaged with a rack 68 provided in the
This pinion 69 is a driving motor 7 that can rotate forward and backward.
The traveling motor 70 is fixed to the traveling base 67. An elevating body 71 is supported on the traveling base 67 so as to be movable up and down by a pair of pilot bars 72, and is fixed to a piston rod 73a of an elevating cylinder mechanism 73 provided on the traveling base 67. Guide bars 75, 75 protruding from the opposing surfaces of the pair of gripping arms 74, 74 are slidably fitted into the elevating body 71, and the piston rod 87a of the opening/closing cylinder mechanism 87 provided on the elevating body 71 engages in the gripping. It is fixed to arms 74, 74. Further, the workpiece transfer mechanism 57 is arranged between the workpiece stop position C and the workpiece transfer position A of the workpiece conveyor 76, which is disposed along the front-rear direction on one side of the bed 2 and the pallet pool 58. The workpiece 20 is carried in and carried out between the two. A workpiece identification device 77 and first and second stopper mechanisms 78 and 79 are arranged in this order on one side of the workpiece conveyor 76 toward the front in the transport direction of the workpiece 20. The device 77 identifies the model of the workpiece 20 and
A signal for selecting a pallet 17 containing tools for machining this workpiece 20 is issued. A pedestal 80 extending from above the workpiece stopping position C to near above the workpiece transfer position A is suspended and fixed to the ceiling 66, and a traveling platform 81 is supported on the pedestal 80 in substantially the same manner as the pallet loading mechanism 56 described above. A pinion 96 that meshes with a rack 95 provided on the frame 80 is fitted onto the shaft 82a of the travel motor 82, and the travel motor 82 is fixed to the travel base 81 and is supported by a pilot bar 84 so as to be movable up and down. The elevating body 83 is fixed to a piston rod 97a of an elevating cylinder mechanism 97 provided on the traveling base 81, and guide bars 86, 86 provided on the opposing surfaces of a pair of gripping arms 85, 85 slide on the elevating body 83. A piston rod 88a of an opening/closing cylinder mechanism 88, which is movably inserted and provided on the elevating body 83, is connected to the gripping arm 8.
It is fixed at 5.85.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 8, the tool operating device 16 has an operating cylinder mechanism 90 fixed on the bed 2 via a base 89, and has a piston rod 90a at the front end of the operating cylinder mechanism 90. A fixed engagement member 91 is slidably fitted into a guide bar 92 installed on a base 89, and the engagement member 91
The upper end bent portion 91a is connected to the support plate 4 of the pallet 17.
1 is configured to be removably engaged with an engagement groove 41d formed on the lower surface.

In addition, 93 in FIG. 6 is a positioning pin 9 that fits into a recess on the bottom surface of the workpiece 20 provided on the lift table 19.
Reference numeral 4 designates a positioning pin that fits into a recess on the bottom surface of the pallet 17 provided on the table 14.

Next, the operation of the machine tool of the embodiment configured as above will be explained.

A workpiece 20 consisting of an engine cylinder block is conveyed by the workpiece conveyor 76 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
When the workpiece 20 reaches the position, a pallet sorting detection signal is issued to the pallet pool 58 by the operation of the identification device 77, and the first stopper mechanism 78, which had been closed, is opened to allow the workpiece 20 to pass, and the second stopper is opened. Since the mechanism 79 is closed, the work section 20 is stopped at the workpiece stop position C.
Note that the first stopper mechanism 78 is automatically closed after the workpiece 20 has passed, and the next workpiece is moved to the second stopper mechanism.
Prevent it from moving toward the stopper mechanism 79 side.

A pallet sorting detection signal generated by the identification device 77 is applied to a drive device for the pallet pool 58. Therefore, the specific pallet 17 corresponding to the workpiece 20 that has passed through the first stopper mechanism 78 is carried by the endless chain 60 together with the moving table 61 by the drive of the pallet pool 58, and is stopped there. do. On the other hand, above the loading/unloading position B, the traveling platform 67 of the pallet loading mechanism 56
has stopped in advance, and the lifting cylinder mechanism 73 provided on this traveling platform 67 operates, and the gripping arm 7
4 and 74 are opened and the elevating body 71 that has been rising descends, and the gripping arms 74 and 74 are moved to the carry-in and carry-out position B.
The pallet 17 is stopped at a position opposite to both sides of the pallet 17. Subsequently, the opening/closing cylinder mechanism 87 provided on the elevating body 71 operates to open the gripping arm 7.
4 and 74 are closed and grip the pallet 17 in place. Next, the pallet 17 is lifted from the moving table 61 by the operation of the lifting cylinder mechanism 73, and
The pinion 69 is rotated by the operation of the traveling motor 70 provided on the traveling table 67, and since the pinion 69 and the rack 68 are engaged with each other, the traveling table 67 is conveyed to above the workpiece transfer position A and then stopped. Here, the lifting body 71 is operated by the lifting cylinder mechanism 73.
As the pallet 17 is lowered, the pallet 17 is placed on the table 14, which has been previously stopped at the workpiece transfer position A. The pallet 17 supported on the table 14 is positioned by the recessed part of its bottom fitting into the positioning pin 94 of the table 14, and
Engagement member 91 in the forward position of the tool operating device 16
The support plate 41 of the pallet 17 is attached to the upper bent portion 91a of the pallet 17.
The engagement groove 41d on the lower surface engages.

Further, by the operation of the operating cylinder mechanism 90 of the tool operating device 16, the engaging member 91 retreats to the left in FIG.
8 and moves together with the engaging member 91, the first and second tools 39, 49 are pulled out, and these are supported by the support plate 41 and the tool support portion 18b adjacent thereto, and the pallet main body 18 is The top surface will be open. Note that when this operation is performed, the engagement notch 45 provided on the support plate 41 is in the lowered position, the engagement piece 45c is engaged with the driving force transmission groove 39a of the first tool 39, and the second Tool 40 is similarly engaged in the engagement notch. In addition, the opening/closing cylinder mechanism 87 of the pallet transfer mechanism 56 is operated to open the gripping arms 74, 74, and then the traveling table 67 is raised and placed above the loading/unloading position A or for transferring the workpiece 20, which will be described later. It is returned to a position where it does not interfere with this during the loading operation.

Further, the traveling platform 81 of the workpiece transfer mechanism 57 is stopped above the workpiece stopping position C, and the lifting cylinder mechanism 97 provided on the traveling platform 81 is operated, and the gripping arms 85, 85 are opened and The ascending and descending body 83 descends, and the gripping arms 85, 85 stop at a position facing the outside of both ends of the workpiece 20, which is stopped at the workpiece stop position C. Subsequently, the opening/closing cylinder mechanism 88 provided on the elevating body 83 is operated to close the gripping arms 85, 85, and these grip the workpiece 2.
Grasp 0 in the right place. Subsequently, the workpiece 20 is lifted from the workpiece conveyor 76 by the operation of the lifting cylinder mechanism 97, and the pinion 96 meshed with the rack 95 is rotated by the operation of the travel motor 82 provided on the traveling table 81. The running platform 81 is table 1
A pallet 17 is placed on top of the first and second pallets.
The tools 39 and 40 are transported above the workpiece transfer position A from which they are pulled out, and then stopped. Here, the workpiece 20 is placed on the lift table 19 of the pallet 17 by lowering the elevating body 83 by the operation of the elevating cylinder mechanism 97. The workpiece 20 placed on the lift table 19 is positioned by fitting the recessed portion of the bottom surface into the positioning pin 93 of the lift table 19. Thereafter, by actuation of the operating cylinder 90 of the tool operating device 16, the retracted engaging member 91 moves forward to the right in FIG. Moving together with the engaging member 91, the first and second tools 39 and 40 open the crank hole 20b and cam hole 20c of the workpiece 20 (sixth
7), and is fitted and supported by the support member 38 of the tool support portion 18c, and the forward movement of the engagement member 91 is stopped at this position.

Palette 17 is placed on table 14 as described above.
and after the workpiece 20 is placed, the pallet 14
is sent from the workpiece transfer position A to the machining position shown in FIG. The clutch member 35 and the clutch members 26 and 34 on the pallet 17 side are engaged with each other, and the pallet clampers 52 and 52 are stopped in a state where they are loosely inserted into the engagement grooves 18d and 18e of the pallet body 18. Next, by the operation of the clamper driving means 53, the pallet clamper 52 descends and engages with the lower surface of the engagement grooves 18d and 18e, and the pallet main body 18
is fixed. Further, the lift motor 36 is driven to rotate the screw shaft 32 via the clutch members 35 and 34, and the nut 31 screwed thereto is moved in the axial direction of the screw shaft 32, so that the nut 31 is supported by the inclined cam 32. The inclined cam 30a is pushed down and the lift table 19 and the workpiece 20 placed thereon are lowered via the lift rod 30, so that the bits 39b and 40b of the first and second tools 39 and 40 move toward the workpiece 20.
Position it so that it abuts against the machined wall surfaces of the crank hole 20b and cam hole 20c. Subsequently, the clutch member 2 is driven by the clamper operating motor 28.
The inclined cam 21 supported by the inclined cam 24 is rotated by rotating the screw shaft 25 through the screw shafts 7 and 26 and moving the nut 23 screwed thereto in the axial direction of the screw shaft 25.
a to lower the clamp rod 21 that had been retracted to the side of the workpiece 20, and press the peripheral edge of the clamp hole 20a downward with the workpiece clamper 22 pivotally attached to these rods to lift the workpiece 20. Platform 19
Fixed to.

Thereafter, with the main shaft 9 spaced apart from the shank portions 39a, 40a of the first and second tools 39, 40 to the left in FIG.
is moved in the X direction, and the spindle head 7 is moved in the Y direction by driving the drive motor 6, so that the axis of the spindle 9 coincides with the axis of the first tool 39. In this state, the drive motor 6 drives the spindle head 7 via the column 5 to move it in the Z direction, that is, to the right in FIG. At the same time, the actuating rod 45d of the engaging notch 45 is engaged with the engaging element 48 in the lowered position. 5th drawing bar 10
By pulling to the left in the figure, the chuck mechanism 12 is closed and the shank portion 39a of the first tool 39 is fastened, and the drive key 50 provided on the front surface of the main shaft 9 is
is engaged with the drive transmission groove 39c of the first tool 39. The notch elevating cylinder mechanism 49 is operated to raise the engaging element 48, and the engaging notch 45 is raised via the actuating rod 45d that is engaged with the engaging element 48, and the engaging piece 45c of the engaging element 45 is moved up and down into the driving force transmission groove 39c. Extract from. In this state, as with a normal machine tool,
While rotating the first tool 39 by driving the main shaft 9, the column 5 is sent in the Z direction. Boring is performed on the peripheral wall 20b using the cutting tool 39b of the first tool 39. After completion of this boring process, the rotation of the spindle 9 is stopped by the operation opposite to that described above, and the column 5, spindle head 7, spindle 9, and first tool 39 are returned to their original positions, and the notch is lifted and lowered. The engagement piece 45c of the engagement notch 45 is lowered by the operation of the cylinder mechanism 49, and the engagement piece 45c of the engagement notch 45 is moved to the drive transmission groove 39c via the operation rod 45d.
The drawing bar 10 is pushed out to release the fastening of the shank portion 39a of the first tool 39 by the chuck mechanism 12, and the movement of the column 5 causes the spindle 9 to move through the spindle head 7 to the first tool 39. Separate from the shank portion 39a. Thereafter, the second tool 40 is attached to the spindle 9 by substantially the same operation as the first tool 39, and the circumferential wall of the cam hole 20c of the workpiece 20 is bored with the bit 40b of the second tool 40. Perform processing. After completing this boring process, the spindle 9 is
Then, the shank portion 40a of the second tool 40 is separated.

Next, the clamp rod 21 is raised by reverse driving of the clamper operating motor 28, and the workpiece clamper 22 is moved to the contact portion 22a provided below.
The workpiece clamper 22 is held in a lateral position where it does not interfere with the workpiece 20 by engagement with the stopper 22b. In addition, by driving the lift motor 36 in reverse, the lift rod 30 is raised to lift the lift platform 1.
9 and the workpiece 20 are raised to separate the bits 39b and 40b of the first and second tools 39 and 40 from the walls of the crank hole 20 and the cam hole 20c. Furthermore, by reverse operation of the clamper drive means 53, 53, the pallet clamper is raised and the engagement groove 18 is moved upward.
d and 18e to release the pallet body 18. In this state, the pallet 17 and workpiece 20 together with the table 14 are returned from the processing position to the workpiece transfer position A and stopped, and the engagement groove 41d of the support plate 41 is engaged with the engagement member 91 in the forward state. . By the operation of the tool operating device 16 similar to that described above, the first and second tools 39 and 4 are moved together with the support plate 41.
0 moves, these tools 39, 4
0 is pulled out from the workpiece 20.

Thereafter, each member provided on the traveling platform 81 of the workpiece transfer mechanism 57 that had stopped above the workpiece transfer position A operates in the same manner as at the workpiece stop position C described above, and the gripping arm 85 , 85, the workpiece 20 that has been machined is gripped at a suitable position and raised, and in this state the traveling table 81 is returned from the workpiece transfer position A to the workpiece stop position C. At this workpiece stop position C,
Each member provided on the traveling table 81 operates in the same manner as it did for the unprocessed workpiece 20 at the workpiece transfer position A described above, and transfers the processed workpiece 20 onto the workpiece conveyor 76. When the second stopper mechanism 79 is opened, the second stopper mechanism 79 is opened, and the second stopper mechanism 79 is opened. Thereafter, immediately the second stopper mechanism 7
9 is closed, the first stopper mechanism 78 is opened, and the next workpiece is conveyed by the workpiece conveyor 76 and stopped at the workpiece stop position C.

In this case, if the workpiece identification device 77 detects that the next workpiece is the same workpiece as the previously completed workpiece and should be machined with the same tool from the same pallet, the pallet 17 The workpiece is placed on the table 14 at the workpiece transfer position A, and the first and second
The tools 39 and 40 remain in the pulled out state, and the next workpiece is transferred to the pallet 17 by the workpiece transfer mechanism 57 and the subsequent operations are performed in the same manner as described above. This operation is repeated until the value changes.

On the other hand, if the workpiece identification device 77 detects that the next workpiece is different from the workpiece for which machining has been completed and should be machined using another pallet and tool, the workpiece for which machining has been completed is detected by the workpiece identification device 77. Immediately after being unloaded from the pallet 17, the first and second tools 39, 40 are moved together with the support plate 41 by the operation of the tool operating device 16, and returned to the state before being pulled out.
The pallet transfer mechanism 56 performs a return operation, and the pallet 17 is carried in from the table 14 and returned to the empty moving table 61 stopped at the carry-out position B.
The traveling platform 67 of the pallet transfer mechanism 56 is stopped above the loading/unloading position B. When the pallet 17 is returned to the moving table 61, the pallet pool 58 performs substantially the same operation as described above, and other specific pallets corresponding to the workpiece are transported to the loading/unloading position B and stopped, and thereafter performs the same operation as described above.

In the above-described embodiment, some of the components, such as the workpiece transfer mechanism 57 and the tool operating device 16, may operate at the same time in order to operate efficiently. Furthermore, although the number and types of tools provided on the pallet 17 are not necessarily limited to those of the above-described embodiments, it is preferable that at least some of the pallets be provided with a plurality of tools. moreover,
Although the workpiece is not limited to engine cylinder blocks, it is preferable that the present invention be used for workpieces that are produced in small quantities in a wide variety of models.

As explained above, the first aspect of the present invention is a pallet having a tool support for positioning and supporting a workpiece and holding a tool for machining the workpiece set at a machining location of the workpiece. , a loading/unloading device for loading and unloading the pallet into and out of the processing position, a main shaft installed at a position opposite to the processing position, a tool insertion mechanism for removably clamping the tool to the main shaft, and the tool. The structure is equipped with a machining feed means that gives a relative feed motion to the main spindle with respect to the workpiece on the pallet and processes the workpiece while the tool is clamped by the insertion mechanism, so that the workpiece can be machined in a short time. The spindle of the machine can be exchanged with a different tool, reducing idle time, and there is no need to move the spindle back and forth significantly to set the tool at the processing location on the workpiece. This has the effect of making the feeding mechanism more compact.

In addition to the first invention, the second invention is such that the pallet supporting the tool is directly pooled in the pallet pool, so the space for holding the tool can be reduced and the workpieces can be placed on the pallet easily. Since a tool operating device is provided to prevent the tool from interfering with the workpiece during placement, the workpiece can be easily and automatically attached to and removed from the pallet.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line -, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - of figure 4, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - of figure 5.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line --- in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the --- line in FIG. 1...Machine tool body, 9...Main shaft, 10...Drawing bar, 12...Chuck mechanism (tool insertion mechanism),
14...Table, 16...Tool operation device, 17...Pallet, 20...Workpiece, 39, 40...Tool, 55
... Loading and unloading device, 56... Pallet transfer mechanism, 5
7... Workpiece transfer mechanism, 58... Pallet pool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pallet having a tool support for positioning and supporting a workpiece and holding a tool for machining the workpiece set at a machining location of the workpiece, and a pallet for carrying the pallet to the machining position. A loading/unloading device for loading and unloading, a main shaft installed at a position opposite to the processing position, a tool insertion mechanism for removably clamping the tool to the main shaft, and a tool insertion mechanism for clamping the tool. 1. A machine tool comprising processing feed means for machining the workpiece by giving a relative feed motion of the main spindle to the workpiece on the pallet in the above-mentioned state. 2. A pallet having a tool support for positioning and supporting a workpiece and holding a tool for machining the workpiece in a state where it is set at a machining location of the workpiece, and a loading/unloading device for transporting the pallet into and out of the machining position. , a main spindle installed at a position opposite to the processing position, a tool insertion mechanism that removably clamps the tool to the main spindle, and a tool insertion mechanism that clamps the tool to the main spindle and inserts the tool into the pallet. a processing feeding means for applying a relative feed motion to a workpiece above and processing the workpiece; a tool operating device for retracting the tool to a position where it does not interfere with the workpiece when the workpiece is placed on the pallet; A machine tool characterized by comprising a pallet pool in which pallets are pooled while holding the pallets.