JPS6321903B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention provides a means for attaching display bodies for musical notes and other necessary signs to the keys of keyboard instruments such as pianos, organs, and reed organs, so that performers can read musical scores. The present invention relates to a player guidance device for a keyboard instrument, which allows a player to play music with the help of this display without relying on the display.

The player guidance device according to the present invention is useful for people who cannot read musical scores, or those who cannot match keys and notes as they wish even if they can read musical scores, to play music without relying on musical scores. be.

<Prior art> Pianos and other keyboard instruments have been equipped with electronic computers that store musical scores, and have been made to automatically play the music stored in the storage device. The inconvenience is that he cannot play the piano.

When playing accompaniment chords in addition to the melody on a keyboard instrument, a chord display device that indicated only the key of the chord was developed, for example, in the Jitgen Showa era.
No. 49-42169. This code display device consists of a plurality of melody switches that are driven by each melody key when operated, a matrix circuit in which each of the switches is connected to a vertical line, and an output line of this matrix circuit that is connected to each other and lights up when the switch is output. and an indicator light corresponding to each pitch of at least one octave, and when the melody switch is driven by operation of a melody key, the matrix circuit displays a chord key corresponding to the pitch of the melody key. It is supposed to turn on the lights. Although it is possible to play a melody with a single note with the right hand, it is difficult to play the chords that match the melody with the left hand, so this display device displays only the chords to be played with the left hand arranged in correspondence with these keys. This is displayed using lights.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the conventional display device described above, at least the melody must be able to be played while looking at the score, so it is difficult for people who cannot read music scores or to match keys to notes. It cannot be used by people who cannot use it, and of course it cannot be used if the song is simply a melody.

The purpose of the present invention is to instruct the performer to perform all the operations required for the desired piece of music using a note display and a sign display, and to play the desired piece of music by pressing the keys and pedals as necessary in accordance with the display. To provide a player guidance device for a keyboard instrument that allows even beginners to play.

Another object of the present invention is to store in advance all the data necessary for playing one piece of music in a small electronic computer attached to a keyboard instrument, so that when an operator presses a start button, the data can be pressed one after another. To provide a performance guidance device in which the positions of keys are automatically indicated one after another.

Another object of the present invention is to not store signals representing a note code and a sign code from an input medium in a storage device, but to send them to a note display body and a sign display body via a control circuit each time one note is input by real-time processing. An object of the present invention is to provide a performer guiding device that is now displayed on the screen.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a programmable read-only memory that stores musical note codes and indicator codes in advance.
To provide a player guidance device in which binary code information is stored in a fixed storage device such as a core memory or a magnetic bubble, and is used as a storage device, and in which binary code information is decoded and directly displayed on a display via a control circuit during performance. It's about doing.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a compact player guiding device with a simple structure that can be easily attached to an existing piano using a keyboard holder such as a piano.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention has been achieved in accordance with the above-mentioned objects, and the gist thereof is to provide a keyboard instrument with one set for each of the keys of all the keyboard instruments necessary for a predetermined piece of music. A display means for displaying the combined note display and other sign display necessary for the performance to the performer, and an input medium that stores the note code of the song that the performer intends to perform and other sign code necessary for the performance. a storage device for storing the note code and indicator code inputted to the input medium; and a memory device that sequentially reads and decodes the note code and indicator code from the storage device in response to depression of a start switch provided on the keyboard presser. and a switch state detection circuit that causes the display means to operate the next key to be pressed in response to the player's release of the pressed key, and a display means drive control circuit. It is found in player guidance devices for keyboard instruments.

<Example> Next, an example in which the player guidance device of the present invention is attached to an 88-key piano will be described.

In FIG. 9, a piano keyboard holder 25 is fixed to the main body of the piano at both ends with screws 70 or the like in order to suppress vibrations of the keys 15, 15' of the piano 10. In the present invention, this keyboard presser 25
As shown in Figure 1, all the white keys 1 of the piano are
5 and black key 15' respectively.
6 ₁ - 16 ₈₈ (note indicators may not be attached to all the white keys 15 and black keys 15', but only to the keys necessary for the performance of the piece of music to be played), as well as crescendo signs. A display 17, a Decrescendo sign display 18, and a sign display 19 showing various symbols necessary for performance such as performance speed, strength, weakness, pace, etc.
Install ~24. As will be described later, the sign display bodies 19 to 24 are indicator lights, and the note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ are each composed of light emitting diodes a to h.
5. Embed it in a suitable recess formed in 5. However, the note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ may be directly attached to the white key 15 and the black key 15' as shown in FIG. 4. The note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ are as described below.
In the illustrated example, light emitting diodes a to h are arranged in the shape of a musical note and integrally molded in a resin molded body, and necessary terminals are drawn out. It can be attached via a board that is fixed to the opening and has the necessary wiring buried therein, or it can be attached using a white key 15 or a black key 1 as shown in FIG.
It is attached to a correspondingly shaped recess provided at 5'. The note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ and the sign display bodies 17 to 24 may be attached to the mouthpiece located below the keyboard of the piano. The sign display bodies 17 to 24 consist of a transparent or translucent box displaying various symbols necessary for performance, and an appropriate indicator light, such as a pilot lamp, provided inside the box. Sign display body 1
In this example, 9 to 24 are symbols that represent the speed at which a part of the music is played, such as accelerando and largando, and symbols that represent dynamics such as piano and mezzo forte. , fortessimo, and adagio, which are symbols to indicate the pace of the entire song, but in addition to these symbols, various other symbols may be used depending on the type of song being played. . Sign display body 17 representing a crescent symbol (<) in Fig. 3b
Although only this is shown in the figure, the other sign display bodies 18 to 24 can be similarly configured.

In Figure 1, 11 is 1 written on the musical score.
magnetic tape that converts the pitch and length of a single note, the dynamics of a piece of music, the playing speed, etc. into binary code;
12 is an interface circuit for matching voltage levels; 13 is a well-known input medium such as a floppy disk, a disk sheet, a perforated tape, a magnetic card, etc.;
is computer signal reading-decoding-musical note display 1
6 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ and a control circuit for sequentially driving the sign display bodies 17 to 24 and for detecting switch states; and 14 is a storage device of the computer. The control circuit 13 sequentially reads the binary code information stored in the storage device 14 from the storage device 14 in response to the player pressing down on a key or releasing the pressed key, and generates musical notes as described later. The light emitting diodes a to h of the display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ are operated and various sign display bodies 1
Used to blink numbers 7 to 24.

The interface circuit 12, the control circuit 13, and the storage device 14 form an integral component of a small electronic computer, and are attached to the piano. In addition, from the control circuit 13, the keyboard presser 25
The connection cords to each board can be pulled out.

A musical score representing one piece of music includes the treble clef as a note symbol, notes and rests, dotted notes, speed indicators,
Various symbols are used, such as dynamic symbols and expression markers, but the most important of these are musical notes, which represent pitch and length. The player guidance device according to the present invention is mainly used for beginners, such as people who cannot read music scores, or people who can read music scores but are unable to perform by contrasting the keys and notes as expected. is not necessarily necessary, and it is sufficient for most performances if the pitch and length of the notes are indicated one after another. If the crescendo symbol <, decrescendo symbol> and some speed symbols are also displayed, it should be possible to perform at a sufficiently high level. By the way, musical notes represent the length of a sound, so
There are whole notes, half notes, quarter notes, eighth notes, 16th notes, and 32nd notes, which are represented by the well-known ``tadpole'' symbol. This corresponds to the eight light emitting diodes a to h shown in Figure 3a.
is visually displayed by selectively emitting light according to a predetermined combination. In other words, for a whole note, only light emitting diode b is used, and for a half note, light emitting diode b, f,
Quarter notes are light emitting diodes a, f, eighth notes are light emitting diodes a, f, c, 16th notes are light emitting diodes a, f, c, d, 32nd notes are light emitting diodes a, f, c, d, e is displayed by emitting light. In the musical note display body ₁₆₁ shown in FIGS. 3a and 8, the light emitting diodes a to h are embedded in the resin molded body according to the arrangement shown in the figures. For example, diode a has a round shape, and diode b has a round shape. Each one has the shape of the surrounding ring.
Other diodes c to h are similarly embedded in the resin molded body. Eight lead terminals and a +B voltage terminal (described later) are drawn out from each of the light emitting diodes a to h as shown in the figure and connected to the control circuit 13, so that the diodes a to h follow the binary information decoded by the control circuit 13. selectively driven. g and h are light emitting diodes representing dotted notes. In this example, there are 14 different levels of sound length, requiring 4 binary bits. There are also 16 note indicators for each of the 88 keys.
Assuming that ₁ to 16 ₈₈ are combined, the number of note display bodies is
88, requiring 8 binary bits. In addition, 3 binary bits are required to represent sign indicators 17 to 24 such as a crescendo symbol, so the treble, note length, and presence or absence of a crescendo or other symbol for one note are displayed. In this case, the number of bits for one note is 4+8+
3 = 15 bits. Using these 15 bits as one block, all the data necessary for performance for all the notes in the musical score can be recorded on the input medium. For example, in the case of a magnetic tape, the above-mentioned data is recorded block by block in the recording area and stored in the storage device 14 of the computer.

In addition, for all 88 keys of the piano, note display 1
It is not necessarily necessary to provide 6 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ ; for beginners' performances, a range of notes of at most two octaves may suffice; in this case, the number of bits per block and the storage capacity of the storage device 14 may be sufficient. can be reduced by that amount.

Further, as will be described later, during the performance, each time the performer hits a key 15 or 15' corresponding to one note, the note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 corresponding to the next key 15 or 15' to be hit are displayed. ₈₈ light emitting diode a
~h selectively emits light, but other symbols such as the crescent sign display body 17 remain lit as long as the crescent is indicated.

In FIG. 1, 26 is a lamp indicating that input to the storage device 14 has been completed.
When lit, the performer presses down the start switch 27, which activates the control circuit 13 shown in FIG.
The first note code and indicator code of the song, which are the stored contents, are read from the storage device 14.
By decoding the 15 bits included in the first block, the pitch and length of the first note are determined, assuming the lowest note is the first key on the piano. Note 29 in Figure 1 is a "C" in C major, which is a quarter note, so it corresponds to the 40th key, counting from the 1st key, on a piano with 88 keys, including the black keys. This key is displayed on the note display ₁₆₄₀ of FIG. 1 to represent a quarter note. This display method is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In Fig. 5, the rightmost block is the control circuit 13 of Fig. 1, and the lower part of this block is
88 conducting wires are housed, and each conducting wire is connected to a transistor TR ₁ - which is combined with a musical note display body 16 ₁ - 16 ₈₈ .
Connected to the base of the TR ₈₈ as shown.
The figure shows three of the 88 note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ .
Only the pieces 16 ₁ , 16 ₄₀ and 16 ₈₈ are shown. To explain only the musical note display ₁₆₁ , one of the 88 conductive wires at the lower end of the control circuit 13 is connected to the base of the transistor _TR1 via a diode 50 with the polarity shown, and the diode 50 and the base of the transistor _TR1 The point between is connected via a bias resistor 51 to a conducting wire connecting the transistor TR ₁ and the +B power supply. This conducting wire is commonly connected to all transistors TR ₁ to TR ₈₈ as shown.

A total of 88 conductive wires at the bottom of the control circuit 13 are key position specifying parts, and a voltage is applied only to the conductive wires corresponding to the key selected by the readout of the control circuit 13. For example, the transistor TR ₁ is turned on. do. On the other hand, the eight conductors shown in the center of the control circuit 13
a′ _-1 , b′ _-1 ,……h′ _-1 are the respective resistances R ₁ a, R ₁ b……
It is connected to the note display body 16 ₁ via R ₁ h,
It forms the note length designation section. In addition, other note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ , for example, note display body 16 ₄₀ ,
For 16 ₈₈ , each of the 8 conductors has a resistance of R ₄₀ a,
R ₄₀ b......R ₄₀ h, R ₈₈ a, R ₈₈ b...... R ₈₈ h to the control circuit 13 conductors a' _-40 ~ h' _-40 , a' _-88 ~ h' _-88
Connect to. If the note being read is a quarter note, light emitting diodes a, f must be energized. In FIG. 6, the cathode sides of the light emitting diodes a to h of the musical note display body ₁₆₄₀ are each connected to a resistor.
The transistors 41 are connected to the collectors of the eight emitter-grounded transistors 41 through R ₄₀ a to R ₄₀ h.
The base potential of is controlled by the control circuit 13.
With the control circuit 13 selecting the note display 16 ₄₀ , a control voltage is applied from the control circuit 13 to the base of the transistor 41 combined with the light emitting diodes a and h. Since the transistor TR ₄₀ is conductive as described above, only the light emitting diodes a and f connected to the conductors a'- ₄₀ and f'- ₄₀ in the musical note display body ₁₆₄₀ connected to the transistor _TR40 emit light. Displays that it is a quarter note. Therefore, a quarter _{note is displayed on the note display 16 40 in} FIG. Press down. Note that this pressing time is not limited to one second, and can be set to any appropriate time desired by the performer.

Crescendo sign display 17, decresend sign display 18 and other sign display bodies 19 to 24
As shown in FIG. 3b, the box is formed of a transparent or translucent material and contains indicator lights 46, and these indicator lights 46 light up when the corresponding bit of the read block becomes 1. It is connected so that the light goes off when it reaches 0. Therefore, the performer
According to these signs, the player can change the speed and strength of his or her performance as appropriate.

Referring to FIGS. 2a and 2b, the operation of the control circuit 13 which confirms that the player has pressed a key and starts reading out the next block will be described. In FIG. 2a, the white key 15 corresponding to the note display 16 ₁
is not pressed down, and the contact 44 of the elastic contact conductor 43, which is fixed to the board attached to the keyboard holder 25 as shown by reference numeral 42 and located in the front part of the white key 15, is connected to the conductor 45 provided on the keyboard holder 25. Usually in contact. Conductor 45 is always held at ground potential, which corresponds to a binary "0". When white key 15 is not pressed down,
Current from the +B power supply flows through conductor 45 and no current flows through control circuit 13. When the white key 15 is pressed down, the state shown in Figure 2b is reached, and binary "1" is output from the +B power supply.
A current corresponding to the current flows through the control circuit 13. The control circuit 13 immediately starts reading the next block in response to this binary signal "1".

Note that if the control circuit 13 is activated immediately when one key is pressed, the next key will be instructed while one key is being pressed. You can also make the next key appear when you do so. The control circuit 13 shown as a block in FIG. 5 includes a display drive control circuit 80 that operates the note display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ based on read and decoded signals, and a switch state detection circuit 90. The switch state detection circuit 90 is connected to a positive power source of, for example, 5V via the switches S ₁ -S ₈₈ connected to the elastic contact wires 43 of the note indicators _{16 1} -16 ₈₈ and a pull-up resistor circuit 100. When the performer presses down one white key 15, for example, switch _S1 opens, and 5V is applied from the positive power supply.
voltage is applied to the detection circuit 90, and when the player releases the depressed white key 15, the switch _S1 is closed and grounded, so this voltage decreases to 0V. In FIG. 5, the switch _S1 is opened by pressing the key,
Since it closes when you release the key, the voltage of switch _S1 changes from 0V to 5V at the moment you press it down, and then to 5V at the moment you release it.
Each changes from 5V to 0V. Therefore, if the switch state detection circuit 90 is configured to submit the negative transition state of the signal, the next display will be displayed when the depressed key 15 is released. in this way,
By depressing the indicated keys one after another for a time corresponding to the length of the note, any piece of music in the key of C major can be played in the illustrated example.

In the present invention, the shapes of musical notes can also be displayed by using liquid crystals, fluorescent display tubes, etc. in place of the light emitting diodes a to h. In addition, when the length of a note is indicated by light emitting diodes a to h, the length of the note is programmed in advance according to the musical score to be played and stored in the storage device 14, and the note is displayed only for that time. When the light emitting diodes a to h of the bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ are emitted as described above according to the type of note, the performer can grasp the actual feeling of playing a quarter note etc. from this emission time, which is useful for music education. Useful. Furthermore, instead of the light emitting diodes a to h, the position of the next key to be pressed may be indicated simply by an indicator light. In this case, the electronic computer can be configured to display the length of the note in the form of the lighting time of the indicator light, thereby eliminating the need for a switch and a switch state detection circuit. Additionally, if the performer is familiar with a piece of music, they can generally play it accurately as long as the position of the next key to be pressed is displayed, so it is not necessarily necessary to match the lighting time to the length of the note. Therefore, it can be used with only the indicator light and the switch status detection circuit described above.

In the embodiment described above, data of a music piece recorded on an input medium such as a magnetic tape is stored in the storage device 14 one time at a time, but it is possible to input a single note without using the storage device 14. From the input medium through the control circuit 13, the musical note display body 16 ₁ to
It is also possible to display note data one after another in 16 ₈₈ . In addition, note codes and indicator codes are stored in advance in a fixed storage device such as a programmable read-only memory or a core memory, and this is used as the storage device 14. During performance, performance data is sequentially transferred from this fixed storage device through the control circuit 13. It can also be displayed on the display bodies 16 ₁ to 16 ₈₈ . Note that the sign display body may be attached not only to the key but also to the pedal so that operations for making or weakening the sound can be performed according to instructions from the sign display body. In this case, it is convenient to form a pedal sign display such as ``Left Pedal Operation'' or ``Right Pedal Operation'' on the keyboard presser 25 near the crescendo sign display 17.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention allows a small electronic computer to simply store the notes and other signs of one song, and even a beginner can follow the instructions by being instructed to select the keys one after another. It is not a system in which the player presses a key and plays a piece based on the response, but even an inexperienced performer can practice by controlling the speed himself, gradually becoming able to perfect the performance. It is. Specifically, when a performer presses down a certain key, the next key and note length can be displayed instantly, as well as signs as various symbols necessary for performance, so the player can easily see the next key in advance. Since it is possible to check not only the position of the key pressed, but also other indicators such as the length of the note and cresciendo, decresciendo, etc., the performer can quickly recognize the next piece of music, and also can move his/her fingers smoothly. It becomes possible to carry it.

In addition, the present invention does not require musical score notes as teaching materials, and the performers can press notes while checking the length of the note as a note display that combines one note for each key according to each player's ability. Since it is possible to play keys, it enables performance practice that is similar to the guidance of experts, which is not possible with conventional devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entirety of the player guiding device according to the present invention, the electronic computer part is shown as a block diagram, and FIGS.
This is a schematic connection diagram of the switch mechanism, showing the states before and after the key is pressed, respectively. Figure 3a is the first
Figure 3b is a perspective view of one note indicator shown in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a perspective view of one note indicator shown in Figure 1, and Figure 4 shows note indicators attached to each of the white and black keys of the piano. A perspective view of a part of the keyboard section showing an example of direct arrangement, FIG. 5 is a connection diagram showing the circuit configuration for displaying note lengths, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of one of the note display bodies in FIG. A circuit diagram for explaining the action of the light emitting diode, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the entire player guidance device of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a top view showing a partially cut away musical note display, and FIG. 9 FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a piano to which a player guiding device of the present invention is attached. 10...piano, 11...input medium, 12...
Interface circuit, 13... Control circuit, 14
...Storage device, a~h...Light emitting diode, 1
5, 15'...Key, _161-1688 ...Musical note display body, 17-24...Sign display body, 80...Display _means drive control circuit, 90...Switch state detection circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a keyboard instrument, a display means for displaying to a performer a note display combined with one each for all the keys of the keyboard instrument necessary for a predetermined piece of music and other sign display necessary for performance, An input medium that stores the note code of the piece of music to be played and other sign codes necessary for the performance, a storage device that stores the note code and sign code that are input to the input medium, and a start switch from this storage device. a control circuit that sequentially reads and decodes the note code and sign code in response to the press of the key and drives the display means; A player guidance device for a keyboard instrument, comprising a switch state detection circuit for detecting the release of a switch, and the control circuit for causing the display means to actuate the key to be pressed next from this detection circuit.