JPS6322559B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for separating the filter medium of a used frame-type filter from a wooden frame.

At all nuclear facilities that use radioactive materials, including nuclear power plants, high-performance air filters are used to remove radioactive components.
The amount of used filters generated as radioactive contaminants is increasing year by year. In order to minimize the storage space for used filters, a volume reduction process is performed when used filters are disposed of.

For example, the above-mentioned high-performance air filter is a so-called frame-type filter, that is, a filter material such as glass fiber is loaded into a rectangular cylindrical wooden frame and is adhered to the inner wall of the wooden frame with an adhesive. structure, the volume has conventionally been reduced in the following manner. First, the filter medium part of the frame-type filter is punched out using a push plate that moves up and down using hydraulic pressure, etc., and separated from the wooden frame part.Then, the filter medium part is subjected to compression treatment or melting treatment in a melting furnace. The volume is reduced by incineration after crushing using this equipment.

However, as mentioned above, when the wooden frame of a frame-type filter and the filter medium are separated by punching with a press plate,
At that time, the wooden frame and filter medium were torn, and radioactively contaminated pieces of wood and filter medium were scattered, contaminating the working environment. Further, there are cases where a part of the filter medium is left behind attached to the wooden frame, and in such a case, there is an inconvenience when the wooden frame is incinerated because the filter medium is nonflammable. Furthermore, when processing frame filters of different dimensions,
There was a problem that the push plate had to be replaced to match the size, and the work of separating the filter media was tedious.

This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and when separating the filter medium of a frame-type filter from the wooden frame, wood chips and filter medium pieces are not scattered, and
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a filter media separation method that can easily separate the filter media from the wooden frame without leaving any part of the filter media behind in the wooden frame. With the filter supported, insert a pair of thin blades parallel to and spaced apart from each other, corresponding to the opposing inner surfaces of the wooden frame, and with the side edges in the blade width direction aligned with the corners of the wooden frame, into one opening of the frame type filter. Insert the blade into the wooden frame from the side, push through the boundary between the wooden frame and the filter medium, separate part of the two opposing sides of the filter medium from the wooden frame, and then return both thin blades to their original positions. The frame-shaped filter is rotated by a certain angle, and then the above-mentioned operation is repeated to separate the outer peripheral surface of the filter medium from the wooden frame over the entire circumference.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of a high performance air filter (hereinafter referred to as a frame filter) 1 to which the present invention is applied. This frame-type filter 1 has filter media 1b made of glass fibers folded in multiple layers inside a square cylindrical wooden frame 1a, and the filter media 1b made of glass fibers are kept at intervals by separators 1c made of aluminum, asbestos, kraft paper, etc.
is glued to the inner wall of the

FIGS. 3 to 7 show an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.

This device includes a filter media separation unit 2 that separates the frame filter 1 into a wooden frame 1a and a filter media 1b, and a transport unit 3 disposed on one side of the filter media separation unit 2 for carrying in and out the frame filter 1. The frame-shaped filter 1, which is disposed on one side of the filter media separation unit 2 along with the transport unit 3 and is transported by the transport unit 3, is moved into the filter media separation unit 2 by a cylinder rod 4a that is advanced by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. A pushing unit 4 that pushes in the filter, and a cylinder rod that advances the wooden frame 1a of the frame filter 1, which is disposed on the other side of the filter media separation unit 2 and from which the furnace material 1b has been separated by the filter media separation unit 2, by hydraulic pressure, air pressure, or the like. The push-out unit 5 is pushed out onto the conveyor unit 3 by the push-out unit 5a, and the radioactive dust that is slightly generated when the filter media separation unit 2 separates the frame-type filter 1 into the wooden frame 1a and the filter media 1b covers the surroundings of these units. It consists of a transparent hood 6 that prevents diffusion.

The filter media separation unit 2 includes a filter support 7 disposed at the center of its lower part and housing and supporting the frame filter 1 with the opening side of the square cylindrical wooden frame 1a up and down, and a filter support 7 at the bottom of the filter support 7. A rotary indexing device 8 that rotates the filter support base 7 arranged in the frame-type filter 1 by a fixed angle in the horizontal direction around the cylindrical center of the frame-type filter 1; A frame type filter 1 is disposed above the filter support base 7 and is supported by the filter support base 7 by inserting a pair of opposing thin blades 9 into the frame type filter 1.
The boundary between the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b, that is, the filter medium 1b
and a filter medium cutting device 10 that cuts the boundary between the wooden frame 1a or the wooden frame 1a side slightly beyond the boundary; and a filter medium cutting device 10 that is vertically movable between the pair of thin blades 9, 9 and cuts the wooden frame 1a. A filter medium discharging device 11 is provided for dropping the filter medium 1b separated from the filter medium 1b below the filter support stand 7.

The filter support base 7 is formed integrally with a square cylindrical support base body 7a that is opened in the vertical direction in accordance with the shape of the wooden frame 1a of the frame type filter 1, and a lower part of this support base body 7a. The frame-shaped filter 1 is fixed without covering the opening of the frame-shaped filter 1. On the upper and lower sides of each of the walls constituting the support body 7a, there are walls that abut against the open end (wooden end) of the wooden frame 1a of the frame filter 1 and extend the frame filter 1 in the vertical direction. Steps 12 are formed to restrict movement, and the inner dimensions of the openings 13 and 14 provided above and below the support base body 7a by these steps 12 are as large as those of the wooden frame 1a.
It is smaller than the outer dimensions of the wooden frame 1a and larger than the inner dimensions of the wooden frame 1a. Further, among a pair of horizontally opposed walls of the support body 7a, one is provided with an insertion opening 15 for allowing the frame filter 1 to enter and exit, and the other is provided with the cylinder rod 5a of the extrusion unit 5. A push-out port 16 is provided that can be inserted. Further, in the wall portion facing perpendicularly to the opposing direction of the insertion port 15 and the extrusion port 16, the elasticity of a built-in spring causes the wall portion to protrude toward the wooden frame 1a side, thereby extending the horizontal direction of the wooden frame 1a. A clamper 17 is provided to restrict movement.

The rotary indexing device 8 includes a base 8a provided with a circular slideway (circumferentially formed guide rail) 18, and is rotatably supported on the upper part of the base 8a via the circular slideway 18. A circular table 8b to which the flange portion 7b is screwed, and a geneva that is engaged with the circular table 8b via drive pins 19 provided at equal angular intervals (22.5 mm intervals in one embodiment) on the outer periphery of the circular table 8b. It includes a gear 8c and a ratchet mechanism 8d that rotates the Geneva gear 8c in one direction by a constant angle (90 degrees in the figure).

The center of the base 8a and the circular table 8b has an opening 2 corresponding to the filter support base 7.
0 and 21, and a chute 22 that serves as a passage for the filter medium 1b dropped downward by the filter medium discharging device 11. This chute 22 guides the falling filter medium 1b to the next processing step, such as compression processing or melting processing.

The ratchet mechanism 8d is connected to the Geneva gear 8.
a stopper 23 for preventing rotation of the gear 8c, and a ratchet wheel 25 fixed to the rotating shaft 24 of the Geneva gear 8c and having a plurality of notched grooves 25a on the outer periphery.
The ratchet body 26 is rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 24, the cylinder body is fixed to a fixed base 27 integral with the base 8a, and the cylinder rod is attached to the ratchet body 26 by the pin 2.
a clevis-type cylinder 29 that is connected to the ratchet body 26 through a shaft 8 and rotates the ratchet body 26 around the rotating shaft 24; With the reciprocating rotation of the protruding ratchet body 26, the ratchet wheel 2
5 in only one direction (clockwise in FIG. 7), and positioning stops 32, 33 that restrict the range of rotation of the ratchet body 26.

The stopper 23 is made of a fluid cylinder, and the tip 23a of the cylinder rod is connected to the Geneva gear 8.
The Geneva gear 8 is inserted into the radial groove 34 of c.
This is to prevent rotation of c.

Therefore, in the ratchet mechanism 8d,
After retracting the tip 23a of the stopper 23 from the radial groove 34 of the Geneva gear 8c, the clevis type cylinder 29 is operated to move the ratchet body 26 to the seventh position.
When the latch wheel 25 is rotated from the position where it abuts the positioning stopper 32 as shown by the solid line in the figure to the position where it abuts the positioning stopper 33 as shown by the two-dot chain line, the ratchet wheel 25 is rotated 90 degrees clockwise by the pawl 31. The ratchet wheel 25 is rotated, and the rotating shaft 2
The Geneva gear 8c connected via the sixth
The circular table 8b is rotated 90 degrees clockwise in the figure, and accordingly, the circular table 8b is rotated counterclockwise by a certain angle (in this embodiment, 225 degrees as described later). Subsequently, when the clevis type cylinder 29 operates and the ratchet body 26 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 7 and returns to the position where it abuts the positioning stopper 32, the ratchet wheel 25 and the Geneva gear 8c are rotated.
is fixed by a stopper 23, and the claw 3
1 pushes back the spring 30, and the ratchet wheel 2
It slides out of the cutout groove 25a of No. 5 and fits into the next groove located counterclockwise in FIG. By repeating these operations four times, the circular table 8b is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 6 by a predetermined angle (90 degrees in this embodiment).

A rod support 35 is provided around the base 8c and protrudes in all directions. Guide rods 36 are vertically provided on these rod supports 35. The upper ends of these guide rods 36 are
They are connected to each other by an upper frame 37.

The filter medium cutting device 10 includes the upper frame 3
A ram 40 is supported so as to be movable up and down along the guide rod 36 by hydraulic cylinders 38 and 39 attached to the ram 40, and a pair of thin blades 9 and 9 are supported on this ram 40 via a blade holder 41. It has a well-structured structure. These thin blades 9,9 are
The blade width l ₁ is relative to the inner dimension l ₂ of one side of the wooden frame 1a.
l ₂ /2≦l ₁ ≦l ₂ , and the respective thin blades 9, 9 are spaced parallel to each other corresponding to the opposing inner surfaces of the wooden frame 1a, and both thin blades 9, 9 is positioned so that one side edge in the blade width direction touches or slightly bites into two adjacent corners of the wooden frame 1a.

The blade holder 41 includes a saddle 41a that is fixed to the ram 40 and has a slideway (dovetail) 41a formed along the opposing direction of the pair of thin blades 9, 9, and a dovetail groove 41 that fits into the dovetail 41a.
The blade holding member 41e is movably supported by the saddle 41b and has a thin blade 9 screwed thereto via a backing plate 41d.

An operating handle 42 is provided on the saddle 41b. This operation handle 42 is arranged facing the operation door 6a of the hood 6, and when rotated, moves the blade holding member 41e holding the thin blade 9 in the direction opposite to the thin blade 9. to adjust the spacing between the thin blades 9, 9. That is, a screw gear 43 is fixed to the handle shaft 42a of the operating handle 42, and this screw gear 4
3 is a screw shaft 4 rotatably supported within the saddle 41b with its axis directed in the direction in which the thin blades 9, 9 face each other.
A screw gear 45 fixed to 4 is engaged with the screw gear 45. The threaded shaft 44 has a left-hand thread and a right-hand thread on both ends thereof, and a nut block 46 fixed to the blade holding member 41e is screwed into each of these threaded portions. The reason why the thin blades 9, 9 are configured to be movable in opposite directions is to make it easier to deal with the case where the thickness of the wooden frame 1a differs depending on the manufacturer.

Further, the dovetail groove 41c of the knife holding member 41e described above
is the gap adjustment jib 4 screwed inside.
The width can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the plate 7.

Further, the filter medium discharge device 11 is connected to the upper frame 3.
A push plate 11a is provided at the tip of a cylinder rod 48a of a fluid pressure cylinder 48 supported by The wooden frame 1a is lowered as the cylinder rod 48a moves forward, and is cut into the wooden frame 1a by the filter medium cutting device 10 described above.
The filter medium 1b cut and separated from the filter medium 1b is dropped into the chute 22.

The hood 6 also includes an exhaust device (not shown).
is provided. This exhaust device suctions and purifies the air in the hood 6 and discharges it to the outside through a main duct (not shown) to prevent the diffusion of radioactive dust generated when cutting and separating the filter medium 1b from the wooden frame 1a.

Although the details are omitted, the above-mentioned processing device is equipped with an automatic control operation panel composed of a sequence control circuit, and when the switch button on the automatic control operation panel is turned on,
, all operations are automatically performed except for the operation of adjusting the distance between the thin blades 9, 9 by operating the operating handle 42.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above-mentioned used filter processing apparatus will be explained based on FIGS. 3 to 8.

First, operate the operating handle 42 to adjust the spacing between the thin blades 9, 9 to the dimensions of the wooden frame 1a of the frame-type filter 1 (the spacing between the thin blades 9, 9 should be slightly larger than the inner dimension of the wooden frame 1a). ).

Next, when the switch button on the automatic control panel is turned on, the transport unit 3 is activated and the frame filter 1, which has been used in a nuclear facility and is contaminated with radioactivity, is transported to the front of the push unit 4. Subsequently, the cylinder rod 4a of the push-in unit 4 moves forward and inserts the frame-shaped filter 1 until it hits the inner frame of the filter support base 7. After the insertion operation is completed, the cylinder rod 4a returns to its original position. Note that the inserted frame-type filter 1 is fixed by the spring force of a clamper 17 provided on the filter support base 7. Next, insert the filter medium 1b of the frame type filter 1 into the wooden frame 1.
Work is done to separate it from a. First, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders 38, 39 move forward and the ram 40 descends. Therefore, the thin blades 9, 9 attached to the ram 40 via the blade holder 41
is lowered and pushes a part of the boundary between the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b as shown in FIG. 8A. After the push-off, the cylinder rods of the fluid pressure cylinders 38 and 39 move back, and the thin blade 9 returns to its original position. Subsequently, the rotary indexing device 8 operates to rotate the filter support base 7 by 90 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. 6 to the state shown in FIG. 8B. Next, in the order of Figure 8 Ro~Ho,
After being pressed by the thin blade 9, the filter support stand 7
Repeat the action of rotating 90° counterclockwise.
By repeating the operation in this way, the portions left uncut during the cutting operations shown in Figure 8 A and B will be removed when the frame filter 1 is rotated 90 degrees and the cutting operations shown in Figure 8 C and D are carried out. Therefore, the entire circumference of the boundary between the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b can be completely cut without leaving any uncut parts, and the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b can be separated. In other words, as described above, if the distance between the pair of thin blades 9, 9 is made adjustable in accordance with the size of the wooden frame 1a, the blade width dimension of the thin blades 9
For l ₁ , the dimension l ₂ of one side of the outer periphery of the filter medium 1b is l ₁
≦l ₂ ≦2l ₁ It is possible to process frame-type filters 1 in the range of If the side edges of the thin blades 9, 9 in the blade width direction are located at two adjacent corners of the wooden frame 1a of the frame-type filter 1 with the longest dimension l ₂ , then the frame-type filter 1 with other different specifications is By simply making a cut in the wooden frame 1a, there is no need to adjust the position of the blade side edges of the thin blades 9, 9 each time, and flexibility is increased, resulting in a wider range of uses and improved workability.

The operation of rotating the filter support base 7 by 90 degrees is performed as follows. First, the tip 2 of the stopper 23 that prevents the Geneva gear 8c from rotating.
3a retracts, and the radial groove 3 of the Geneva gear 8c
4 and the stopper 23 are disengaged. Subsequently, when the clevis type cylinder 29 is extended and the ratchet body 26 is rotated to a position where it abuts the positioning stopper 33, the ratchet wheel 25 is rotated 90 degrees via the pawl 31 fixed to the ratchet body 26. Therefore, the ratchet wheel 25 and the rotating shaft 24
The Geneva gear 8c integrally formed through the sixth
Rotate 90 degrees clockwise in the figure, and this Geneva gear 8c
As the filter rotates, the circular table 8b that is engaged with the circular table 8b via the drive pin 19 rotates, and the filter support base 7 fixed to the circular table 8b rotates. The rotation angle of the filter support base 7 at this time, that is, the rotation angle of the circular table 8b, is determined by the arrangement of the drive pins 19.
When there are 16 drive pins 19 as in this embodiment, the number is 22,50. Subsequently, the tip end 23a of the stopper 23 protrudes into the radial groove 34 of the Geneva gear 8c, and together with the Geneva gear 8c, the rotation of the ratchet wheel 25 is restrained.Subsequently, the cylinder rod of the clevis type cylinder 29 retreats, and the ratchet body 26 is moved back. In Fig. 7, positioning stopper 3
It is returned to its original position where it contacts 2. At this time, the pawl 31 pushes back the spring 30, slides out of the notched groove 25a of the ratchet wheel 25, and fits into the next notched groove 25a located counterclockwise in FIG. The aforementioned forward and backward movement of the cylinder rod of the clevis type cylinder 29 is repeated four times, and as a result, the filter support base 7 together with the circular table 8b is rotated 90 degrees clockwise in FIG. 6, completing one cycle operation.

When the cutting and separation work of the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b is completed as described above, the fluid pressure cylinder 48 is then
The cylinder rod moves forward and the push plate 11a descends, pushing out the pressed filter medium 1b from the wooden frame 1a and dropping it into the chute 22. continue,
The cylinder rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 48 retreats, and the push plate 11a returns to its original position. Further, the pushing plate 11a of the filter medium discharging device 11 described above also functions as a stopper for preventing the filter medium 1b from being lifted upward during the pushing operation of the filter medium 1b.

Subsequently, the cylinder rod 5a of the extrusion unit 5 moves forward to push back the wooden frame 1a from which the filter medium 1b has been extruded to a predetermined position on the transport unit 3, and then the cylinder rod 5a retreats to return to its original position. do.

Subsequently, the transport unit 3 is operated and the wooden frame 1a is
At the same time, untreated frame filters 1 are sequentially conveyed to the front of the pushing unit 4.

Thereafter, the above-described operations are performed again in sequence, and the filter medium 1b of the frame-type filter 1 is separated from the wooden frame 1a in the same manner.

In addition, as described above, the separated wooden frame 1a
is transported to the next processing facility by the transport unit 3, disassembled into four flat plates, crushed by a crusher or the like, and incinerated. On the other hand, the separated filter medium 1b is transported to the next processing facility by the chute 22, and after being compressed and reduced in volume, it is stored or managed or melted in a melting furnace.

In addition, in the above-mentioned example, when the dimensions of the thin blade 9 are 5 mm thick x 160 mm wide, the opening is 200 mm x
According to data obtained when processing a frame-type filter 1 with external dimensions of 80 mm in height, it has been confirmed that the wooden frame 1a and the filter medium 1b can be separated without scattering with a pushing force of 800 kg.

Figures 9 and 10 show other embodiments of the apparatus used to carry out the present invention, and parts common to the previous embodiment are given common numbers to simplify the explanation. do.

This other embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that a pair of blade holding members 49 holding thin blades 9 are replaced by a cross slide member 49a supported by a saddle 41b fixed to a ram 40, and a cross slide member 49a supported by a saddle 41b fixed to a ram 40. It consists of a blade support stand 49b supported by a slide member 49a and to which a thin blade 9 is attached, and a saddle 41b and a cross slide member 4.
9a are movably connected in opposite directions of the thin blade 9 by a slideway (dovetail) 41a and a dovetail groove 49c formed respectively, and a cross slide member 49a and a blade holding stand 49b are respectively formed. Way (dovetail) 49d and dovetail groove 4
A handle shaft 50 of a handle 50 is connected movably in the blade width direction of the thin blade 9 by 9e and rotatably supported by the cross slide member 49a.
A is formed with a threaded part, and this threaded part is attached to the blade holder 4.
The thin blade 9
can be moved in the blade width direction, and the position of the blade side edges of the thin blades 9 can be adjusted each time the specifications of the frame filter 1, especially the rectangular external dimensions or the wooden frame thickness dimensions, are changed to a large width. This makes it easier to deal with the problem.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the circular table 8b is used as the rotation transmission mechanism to the circular table 8b.
Although the mechanism is such that the Geneva gear 8c is meshed with the drive pin 19 provided at b, a known gear mechanism may be used.

In addition, in the above embodiments, an example of a square cylindrical frame-type filter is shown, but the frame-type filter is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the frame-type filter may be a regular polygon having several corners and several sides. It is. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a processing device in which the thin blade 9 moves in the vertical direction (vertical direction), a so-called vertical processing device, is shown, but the moving direction of the thin blade 9 is not limited to the vertical direction. For example, a so-called horizontal processing device in which the thin blade moves in the horizontal direction is also conceivable. In addition, in the case of a horizontal processing device like this, the frame-shaped filter is fixed to a filter support with the opening side facing horizontally, and the filter support has a structure that rotates in a vertical plane. become.

As explained above, in the present invention, the pair of thin blades arranged on the opening side of the frame-type filter are spaced parallel to each other in correspondence with the opposing inner surfaces of the wooden frame, and the side edge of each thin blade in the blade width direction Insert it into the wooden frame while aligning it with the corner of the wooden frame,
The boundary between the wooden frame and the filter medium is pushed to separate part of the two opposing sides of the filter medium from the wooden frame, and then both thin blades are returned to their original positions and the frame-type filter is rotated by a certain angle. By repeating the above operation, part of the two opposing surfaces left on the filter medium and the part left uncut in the previous operation are pushed off, and the entire outer peripheral surface of the filter medium is separated from the wooden frame. Therefore, the wood chips and filter media pieces will not be scattered during the filter media separation work, and a part of the filter media will not be left behind on the wood chips.
The wooden frame and filter medium can be separated.

In addition, if the distance between the pair of thin blades or the position of the blade side edge can be adjusted, by repeating the cutting operation as described above, the inner dimension of one side of the wooden frame can be made up to twice the blade width of the thin blade. It can process frame-type filters, and when processing frame-type filters with different specifications such as the outer dimensions of the wooden frame or the thickness of the wooden frame,
There is no need to replace the thin blade with one of a different attachment method, significantly increasing flexibility.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 show a high-performance filter to which the present invention is applied, respectively. FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the device used in the present invention, Fig. 3 is a front view, and Fig. 4 is a front view of the device.
5 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 4, Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 5, and Figure 7 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 5. 8A, B, C, D, and H are respectively explanatory views of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 show other embodiments of the apparatus used in the present invention. 9
The figure is an enlarged view of the main part, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 9. 1...High performance filter (frame type filter), 1a
... Wooden frame, 1b ... Filter medium, 2 ... Filter medium separation unit, 7 ... Filter support stand, 8 ... Rotary indexing device, 9 ... Thin blade, 10 ... Filter medium cutting device, 11
... Filter medium discharge device, 11a ... Push plate, 12 ...
Stepped portion, 13, 14...opening, 15...insertion port,
16...Extrusion port, 17...Clamper.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of thin blades arranged on one opening side of a frame-type filter, in which a filter medium is glued to the inner surface of a wooden frame in the form of a regular polygonal cylinder with even numbered sides, are spaced parallel to each other so as to correspond to the opposing inner surfaces of the wooden frame. Align the side edge of each thin blade in the blade width direction with the corner of the wooden frame, insert it into the wooden frame, push through the boundary between the wooden frame and the filter medium, and cut a part of the two opposing sides of the filter medium. is separated from the wooden frame, then both thin blades are removed from the wooden frame and returned to their original positions, and the frame-shaped filter is rotated at a certain angle around the cylindrical center of the wooden frame.Then, the above-mentioned operation is repeated to remove the filter media. A method for separating a filter medium of a used frame-type filter, characterized by separating the outer peripheral surface from the wooden frame along the entire circumference.