JPS6323164B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6323164B2 JPS6323164B2 JP57172253A JP17225382A JPS6323164B2 JP S6323164 B2 JPS6323164 B2 JP S6323164B2 JP 57172253 A JP57172253 A JP 57172253A JP 17225382 A JP17225382 A JP 17225382A JP S6323164 B2 JPS6323164 B2 JP S6323164B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- ureidohexahydropyrimidine
- oxo
- methyl
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
本発明は土壌伝性性病原糸状菌による作物の病
気の抑止材の製造方法に関するものである。さら
に詳しくは、本発明は土壌伝染性病原菌に拮抗性
を有する一定の微生物であつて、同時に２−オキ
ソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピ
リミジンの分解能を有するものを特定の培地で好
気的に培養することを特徴とする該方法に関する
ものである。
最近、野菜の生産各地では産地の指定化や施設
の普及等により栽培作物の種類が限定され、その
ために輪作周期が短縮され連作障害が多発するよ
うになり栽培上深刻な問題になりつつある。
この主原因には同一作物の連作によるところの
土壌伝染性病原菌密度の上昇があげられる。その
原因となる病原菌はスイカ、メロン、キユウリ等
のつる割病、トマト、トウガラシ等の萎凋病、ダ
イコン、イチゴ等の萎黄病を引き起こすフザリウ
ム菌（Fusarium）若しくはハクサイ、カブ、ノ
ザワナ、キヤベツ等の根瘤病を引き起こすネコブ
病菌（Plasmodiophora）等糸状菌に属するもの
が多い。
かかる連作障害に対する公知の防止方法として
は、殺菌剤の圃場への散布又は作土の燻蒸もしく
は蒸気消毒等の化学的若しくは物理的処理がおこ
なわれている。しかしながら、かかる防止方法は
病原菌のみを選択的に抑制し若しくは死滅させる
ことはできず、作土中の有用微生物の生育をも阻
害する。更には該処理により土壌が無菌状態にな
るため、病原菌が再度該土壌中に侵入した場合に
は容易に増殖しかえつて病害即ち、連作障害が顕
著になることさえある。その他、公知の薬剤処理
の場合には使用した薬剤が土壌中で分解して作物
又は人畜に無害となるまでには長期間を必要とす
ることがある。以上のように公知の連作障害の防
止方法は種々の欠点を有している。
以上の欠点の解決に関し、本発明者らは先に、
土壌中の有用微生物の生育を阻害することなく病
原菌のみを選択的に抑制し、しかも作物又は人畜
に害を与えることのない連作障害の防止物につい
て発明した。即ち、該発明は栄養源として２−
オキソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイド
ロピリミジン（以下“OMUP”と略すことがあ
る。）を含む培地に土壌を添加し、好気的培養処
理をして得られた処理物を有効成分とする土壌改
良剤、にOMUPを添加してなる土壌改良材
及び若しくはを吸着剤に吸着させた土壌改
良材である（特願昭54−195631号、以下これら発
明を“先の発明”と総称する）。
本発明者らは、先の発明に係る土壌改良材の製
法の飛躍的改良とかかる土壌改良材を用いた作物
の病気の抑止方法について詳しく検討を重ねた結
果、先の発明に係る処理物即ち土壌改良材中から
土壌伝染性病原糸状菌たとえばフザリウム菌もし
くはネコブ病菌に対して拮抗性を示す微生物（細
菌）の単離に成功した。そして該単離菌を人工的
に培養し病原性糸状菌に対する抑制力について検
討した結果、該単離菌が前述の拮抗性と併せて
OMUPを分解する能力を有する場合、前記の培
養物は先の発明が有する効果より一段とすぐれた
効果、即ち土壌伝染性病原糸状菌による作物の病
気を抑制する力を有することを見出して本発明を
完成した。なお、このようにして単離された細菌
群は後述の第１表に示すように三群に分けられ、
各々について同定実験を行つた結果、アースロバ
クター（Arthrobacter）、コリネバクテリウム
（Corynebacterium）及びシユードモナス
（Pseudomonas）に属するものであることも判明
した。
以上の記述から明らかなように本発明の目的
は、土壌伝染性病原菌に対して強力な拮抗性を有
する微生物の好気的培養物の製造方法及び使用方
法を通じて作物の病気（土壌伝染性病原菌に起因
するもの）の抑止方法を提供することにある。
本発明は、次の(1)及び(2)の構成を有する二発明
よりなる。即ち第１の発明は、
(1) アースロバクター、コリネバクテリウム若し
くはシユードモナス属に属し、２−オキソ−４
−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミ
ジンの分解能を有し、且つ、土壌伝染性病原菌
に拮抗性を有する微生物の１種以上であつて、
２−オキソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサ
ハイドロピリミジンを唯一の炭素源および窒素
源として培養されたものを好気的に培養するこ
とを特徴とする土壌伝染性病原糸状菌による作
物の病気の抑止材の製造方法であり、本発明の
第２の発明は、
(2) アースロバクター、コリネバクテリウム若し
くはシユードモナス属に属し、２−オキソ−４
−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミ
ジンの分解能を有し、且つ、土壌伝染性病原菌
に拮抗性を有する微生物の１種以上であつて、
２−オキソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサ
ハイドロピリミジンを唯一の炭素源および窒素
源として培養されたものの好気的培養物、及び
２−オキソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサ
ハイドロピリミジンを組合せることを特徴とす
る土壌伝染性病原糸状菌による作物の病気の抑
止材の製造方法である。
本発明に係る培養物の培養に用いる微生物（細
菌）は、アースロバクター、コリネバクテリウム
若しくはシユードモナス属に属し、OMUPを分
解する能力を有すること、及びフザリウムさらに
はネコブ病菌等の土壌伝染性病原菌に拮抗性を有
するものである。ここで言うOMUPを分解する
能力とは、OMUPを唯一の炭素及び窒素源とす
る液体培地（PH7.0）に菌を接種して25℃で３週
間通気培養した後、この濾液にパラジメチルアミ
ノベンズアルデヒドの酸性溶液を加えて80℃で30
分間加熱するOMUPの比色定量法により確認さ
れたものである。また、該拮抗性とはポテト・デ
キストロース寒天培地（PDA培地）の平板上に
４cmの間隔をおいて病原菌＝フザリウム・オキシ
スポラム（F.oxysporum）と単離菌とを線状に
接種し培養すると、病原菌の生育が抑制されて阻
止帯が形成されるので、その阻止帯の形成能力よ
り確認されたものである。
これらの単離菌を用いて本発明係る好気的培養
物を得るための培地は、これらの菌が属する属の
細菌の培養に用いることができる培地であればよ
く、格別の制限はない。このような培地には
OMUPのほか、ピタミン類、アミノ酸若しくは
プリン塩基等を添加してもよい。具体例として
OMUP10ｇ、グリセリン５ｇ、（NH4）2SO40.5
ｇ、KH2PO41.0ｇ、K2HPO41.0ｇ、MgSO4・
7H2O0.5ｇ、CaCl2・2H2O0.5ｇ、酵母エキス0.2
ｇ及び水道水１からなるPH7.0の培地で示され
る。
前述の単離菌の接種は、保存株より直接おこな
うか、あるいは少量の培地で25℃、３〜７日間好
気的に前培養したものの添加によりおこなうこと
ができる。特に多量の培養液に接種する場合に
は、前培養したものを用いて接種するのが好まし
い。
培養温度は10〜45℃、好ましくは20℃〜30℃で
あり、期間は使用する培地により異なるが、２〜
30日間で好ましくは２〜15日間である。培養は好
気的におこない、そのためには、培地の単位容積
当りの表面積が広く空気に触れる状態にて静置す
るだけでよいが、強制的に振とう若しくは通気攪
拌をおこなつてもよい。
第１表は本発明に係る単離菌の属別の菌学的性
質を示す。表中の諸性質は単離菌の属の違いを明
白にしている。
The present invention relates to a method for producing a material for suppressing crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi. More specifically, the present invention aims at cultivating certain microorganisms that are antagonistic to soil-borne pathogens and also capable of degrading 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine in an aerobic medium. The present invention relates to the method, which is characterized in that the cells are cultured separately. Recently, in various regions where vegetables are produced, the types of crops that can be cultivated have been limited due to the designation of production areas and the spread of facilities, which has shortened the crop rotation cycle and caused frequent crop failure, which is becoming a serious problem in cultivation. The main reason for this is an increase in the density of soil-borne pathogens due to continuous cultivation of the same crop. The causative pathogens are Fusarium, which causes vine splitting of watermelons, melons, cucumbers, etc., wilt of tomatoes, chili peppers, yellowing of radish, strawberries, etc., and root knots of Chinese cabbage, turnips, Japanese cabbage, etc. Many of them belong to filamentous fungi such as Plasmodiophora, which causes the disease. Known methods for preventing such continuous cropping damage include chemical or physical treatments such as spraying fungicides onto the field or fumigation or steam disinfection of the cultivated soil. However, such prevention methods cannot selectively suppress or kill only pathogenic bacteria, and also inhibit the growth of useful microorganisms in the cultivated soil. Furthermore, since the soil is rendered sterile by this treatment, if pathogenic bacteria re-invade the soil, they will easily proliferate and even cause serious disease damage or damage to continuous cropping. In addition, in the case of known chemical treatments, it may take a long time for the used chemicals to decompose in the soil and become harmless to crops or humans and livestock. As described above, the known methods for preventing continuous cropping failure have various drawbacks. Regarding solving the above drawbacks, the present inventors first
We have invented a product for preventing damage caused by continuous cropping, which selectively suppresses only pathogenic bacteria without inhibiting the growth of useful microorganisms in the soil, and which does not harm crops or humans or livestock. That is, the invention provides 2-
Soil is added to a medium containing oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "OMUP"), and the resultant product is treated as an active ingredient by aerobic culture treatment. OMUP is adsorbed on an adsorbent (Japanese Patent Application No. 195631/1983, hereinafter these inventions are collectively referred to as the "earlier invention"). ). The present inventors have repeatedly studied in detail the dramatic improvement in the manufacturing method of the soil improvement material according to the previous invention and the method for suppressing crop diseases using such soil improvement material. We have succeeded in isolating microorganisms (bacteria) that exhibit antagonistic properties against soil-transmitted pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium fungi and Nekobu fungi from soil conditioners. Then, as a result of artificially culturing the isolated bacteria and examining its suppressive power against pathogenic filamentous fungi, it was found that the isolated bacteria had the above-mentioned antagonistic properties as well as
The present invention was based on the discovery that the above-mentioned culture has an effect superior to that of the previous invention, that is, the ability to suppress crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi when it has the ability to degrade OMUP. completed. The bacterial groups isolated in this way are divided into three groups as shown in Table 1 below.
As a result of conducting identification experiments on each species, it was found that they belonged to Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, and Pseudomonas. As is clear from the above description, the purpose of the present invention is to prevent crop diseases (soil-borne pathogens) through the production and use of an aerobic culture of microorganisms that have strong antagonistic properties against soil-borne pathogens. The objective is to provide a method for suppressing the causes of The present invention consists of two inventions having the following configurations (1) and (2). That is, the first invention provides: (1) a 2-oxo-4 which belongs to the genus Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium or Pseudomonas;
- One or more types of microorganisms that have the ability to degrade methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine and have antagonistic properties against soil-borne pathogens,
A method for preventing crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic filamentous fungi, which is characterized by culturing aerobically using 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. The second invention of the present invention is a method for producing a deterrent, and includes: (2) belonging to the genus Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium or Pseudomonas, and containing 2-oxo-4
- One or more types of microorganisms that have the ability to degrade methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine and have antagonistic properties against soil-borne pathogens,
Aerobic cultures of those grown with 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, and 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine in combination. This is a method for producing a material for suppressing crop diseases caused by soil-transmitted pathogenic filamentous fungi. The microorganisms (bacteria) used for culturing the culture according to the present invention belong to the genus Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, or Pseudomonas, and have the ability to decompose OMUP, and are soil-borne pathogens such as Fusarium and Necobacterium. It has antagonistic properties. The ability to degrade OMUP refers to the ability to decompose OMUP by inoculating bacteria into a liquid medium (PH7.0) with OMUP as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, cultivating it with aeration at 25°C for 3 weeks, and then adding paradimethylaminol to the filtrate. Add an acidic solution of benzaldehyde for 30 min at 80 °C.
This was confirmed by the colorimetric method of OMUP heated for 1 minute. In addition, the antagonistic property means that when the pathogen F. oxysporum and the isolated bacteria are inoculated and cultured in a linear manner on a potato dextrose agar medium (PDA medium) at 4 cm intervals, The growth of pathogenic bacteria is suppressed and an inhibition zone is formed, and this was confirmed based on its ability to form an inhibition zone. The medium for obtaining the aerobic culture according to the present invention using these isolated bacteria is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for culturing bacteria of the genus to which these bacteria belong. Such a medium has
In addition to OMUP, pitamines, amino acids, purine bases, etc. may be added. As a concrete example
OMUP 10g, glycerin 5g, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 0.5
g, KH 2 PO 4 1.0 g, K 2 HPO 4 1.0 g, MgSO 4・
7H2O0.5g , CaCl2・2H2O0.5g , yeast extract 0.2
It is shown in a PH7.0 medium consisting of 1 g and tap water. Inoculation of the above-mentioned isolated bacteria can be performed directly from a stock strain, or by adding a small amount of culture medium that has been precultured aerobically at 25° C. for 3 to 7 days. Particularly when inoculating a large amount of culture solution, it is preferable to inoculate using a pre-cultured product. The culture temperature is 10 to 45°C, preferably 20 to 30°C, and the period varies depending on the medium used, but 2 to 45°C.
The period is 30 days, preferably 2 to 15 days. Cultivation is carried out aerobically, and for this purpose, it is sufficient to leave the culture medium still in a state where the surface area per unit volume is large and exposed to air, but it is also possible to perform forced shaking or aeration. Table 1 shows the mycological properties of the isolated bacteria according to the present invention by genus. The properties in the table clearly distinguish between the genera of the isolates.
【表】【table】
【表】
なお、前述の単離菌の培養は、第１表に示した
単離菌の１つ１つについておこなつてもよく、そ
れらを二種類以上組み合わせて混合培養してもよ
い。
以上のようにして得られた好気的培養物は土壌
伝染性病原糸状菌による作物の病気を抑止する能
力を有する。かかる培養物を土壌に施用するにあ
たつては、各々の培養物を２種以上種々の比率で
組み合わせて使用しても本発明の効果が損なわれ
ることはない。また本発明の好気的培養物中に含
まれる不活性成分である水分を除去した脱水品も
脱水前と同一の効果を有する。かかる培養物は後
述の使用例に示されるような方法で土壌に施用さ
れることによつて、土壌伝染性病原糸状菌による
作物の病気を充分に抑止する効果を有する。しか
し、該培養物はOMUPと組み合わせて、即ち
OMUPと混合して施用されることによつて前述
の効果は相乗的に増大し、且つ、該培養物のみの
施用の場合よりも長期間持続する。該培養物に対
するOMUPの添加割合には格別の制限はなく、
OMUPは窒素肥料としても用いられるものであ
り、肥料効果を充分発揮させるために多量に添加
しても何ら差し障りない。また該培養物と
OMUPは土壌中で共存していればよいので、施
用前に混合してもよく又別々に施用してもよい。
本発明に係る好気的培養物若しくはこのものと
OMUPの混合物の施用形態としては、培養物の
水分の多い状態のままでもよいが、該培養物を遠
心脱水若しくは減圧乾燥等の方法で、水分の一部
分若しくは大部分を除去したものを用いることが
できる。さらに好ましい該施用前の形態として
は、本発明に係る好気的培養物若しくはこのもの
とOMUPの混合物の保存性、運搬性若しくは施
用時の作業性を高めるため、該培養物若しくは混
合物を後述の吸着材に吸着させた形態が好まし
い。かかる形態は、前記混合物では該培養物と
OMUPとの均一な混合状態を維持する目的上も
好ましい。使用する吸着材としては、微細孔隙を
有し、保水力の大きなものが好ましい。なかでも
無機質吸着材が特に好適であり、具体例としては
バーミキユライト、焼成バーミキユライト若しく
はパーライトを挙げることができる。有機質吸着
材も勿論使用でき、具体例としては、合成高分子
からなるものや、ビート又はリグニンを主体とし
た難分解性の天然有機物が示される。本発明に係
る好気的培養物を吸着材に吸着させる場合には、
培養後の水分の多いものでも吸着後の乾燥等の操
作は不要である。このことは、該好気的培養物と
OMUPの混合物を吸着させる場合でも同様であ
る。さらには吸着材に吸着させた本発明に係る好
気的培養物若しくは該培養物とOMUPとの混合
物は、吸着材に吸着させない物よりも運搬、貯蔵
若しくは施用が容易であり、実用的な効果を有す
る。
本発明に係る抑止材は、上述のようにして得ら
れた本発明の方法による好気的培養物若しくはこ
のものとOMUPとの混合物を土壌に施用するこ
とにより使用される。該施用の時期は、栽培方法
若しくは病害の状況に応じて作付前若しくは作付
後であればよい。施用方法は、例えば特公昭57−
20282号に記載されているイ．溝処理法による施
用（註．資材を溝状に施用した後、作物を定植）、
ロ．高畝処理法による施用（註、定植した苗を中
心に高畝状に施用）、ハ．土壌混合処理法による
施用（註．定植前に資材を作土に均一に混合す
る。本発明の培養物では重量比で0.001〜0.1％程
度が好ましい）及びニ．生育期処理法による施用
（註．定植後発病前に根元に山形状に資材を施
用）、のいずれも適用できる。
本発明の方法による好気的培養物若しくはこの
ものとOMUPとの混合物を前述の施用方法に準
じて土壌に施用すると植物の病気が抑止される
が、その病気は土壌伝染性病原糸状菌によるもの
である。例えばフザリウム菌（Fusarium）によ
る萎黄病、萎凋病、つる割病、立枯病及び根腐
病、ネコブ病（Plasmodiophora）による根瘤病
が示される。
なお、該好気的培養物若しくはこのものと
OMUPとの混合物が先の発明よりも連作障害に
対し大きな土壌改良効果を示す機作についての詳
細は必ずしも明らかではないが、本発明者らは次
のように推定している。即ち単離菌を使うことに
より先の発明よりも培養液中の拮抗性菌の菌体濃
度が一段と高くなり、より多くの拮抗性菌を根圏
に導入し生息させるためと考える。
以下、本発明の効果を製造例と使用例により説
明する。
製造例 １
（先の発明の土壌改良材）
OMUP10ｇ、KH2 PO41.0ｇ、、MgSO4・
7H2O1.0ｇ、KCl0.3ｇ、FeSO4・7H2O0.01ｇ、
水道水１、PH6.5の培地10に、静岡県富士市
より採集した沖積土壌（10a当り100KgのOMUP
を年２回施用した圃場より採集）20ｇを減菌水
100mlで振とう後５分間静置した上澄液50mlを添
加し、30℃で12日間通気培養して先の発明の土壌
改良材（１−１）を得た。更にこの10を焼成バ
ーミキユライト（100ｇ当り510ｇの水を吸着保持
するもの）10Kgに散布混合して先の発明の土壌改
良材（１−２）を作つた。またこの（１−２）に
OMUP4Kgを添加混合して先の発明の土壌改良材
（１−３）を調製した。
製造例 ２
糖密10ｇ（NH4）2SO44ｇ、KH2 PO40.15ｇ、
K2HPO40.05ｇ、MgSO4・7H2O1.0ｇ、CaCO310
ｇ、水道水１、PH7.5の培地10に、同様の培
地により30℃で３日間好気的に前培養したＡ−１
株（Arthrobacter spp.）の培養液100mlを添加
し、30℃で７日間通気培養して本発明に係る土壌
改良材（２−１）を得た。更にこの10を焼成バ
ーミキユライト10Kgに散布混合して本発明の土壌
改良材（２−２）を作つた。またこの（２−２）
にOMUP4Kgを添加混合して本発明の作物の病気
の抑止材（２−３）を調製した。
製造例 ３
製造例２に準じてＣ−１株（Corynebacterium
spp.）を培養し本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材
（３−１）を得た。更にこの（３−１）10と焼
成バーミキユライト10Kgとを混合し本発明に係る
作物の病気の抑止材（３−２）を作つた。またこ
の（３−２）にOMUP4Kgを添加混合し本発明の
第２の発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材（３−３）
を調製した。
製造例 ４
OMUP10ｇ、グリセリン５ｇ、KH2 PO41.0
ｇ、K2HPO41.0ｇ、MgSO4・7H2O0.5ｇ、
CaCl2・2H2O0.05ｇ、酵母エキス0.2ｇ、水道水
１、PH7.0の培地10に、同培地で３日間30℃
で好気的に前培養したＰ−１株（Pseudomonas
spp.）の培養液100mlを添加し、30℃で７日間好
気的に培養して本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材
（４−１）を得た。更にこの10と焼成バーミキ
ユライト10Kgとを混合して本発明に係る土壌改良
材（４−２）を作つた。またこの（４−２）に
OMUP4Kgを添加混合して本発明の第２の発明に
係る作物の病気の抑止材（４−３）を調製した。
製造例 ５
製造例２に準じてＡ−３株（Arthrobacter
spp.）とＣ−２株（Corynebacterium spp.）と
を別々に培養し、その等量を混合して本発明に係
る作物の病気の抑止材（５−１）を得た。更にこ
の（５−１）10を焼成パーライト（100ｇ当り
950ｇの水を吸着保持するもの）10Kgに散布混合
して本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材（５−２）
を作つた。またこの（５−２）にOMUP4Kgを添
加混合し本発明の第２の発明に係る作物の病気の
抑止材（５−３）を調製した。
製造例 ６
製造例４に準じてＣ−４株（Corynebacterium
spp.）とＰ−３株（Pseudomonas spp.）を混合
培養し本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材（６−
１）を得た。更にこの10と焼成パーライト10Kg
とを混合し本発明に係る土壌改良材（６−２）を
作つた。またこの（６−２）にOMUP4Kgを添加
混合し本発明の第２の発明に係る作物の病気の抑
止材（６−３）を調製した。
製造例 ７
製造例２に準じてＡ−３株（Arthrobacter
spp.）とＰ−６株（Pseudomonas spp.）とを
別々に培養しその等量を混合して本発明に係る作
物の病気の抑止材（７−１）を得た。更にこの
（７−１）10を焼成バーミキユライト10Kgに散
布混合して作物の病気の抑止材（７−２）を作つ
た。またこの（７−２）にOMUP4Kgを添加混合
し本発明の第２の発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材
（７−３）を得た。
製造例 ８
製造例２に準じてＡ−１株（Arthrobacter
spp.）Ｐ−７株（Pseudomonas spp.）とを混合
培養し本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止材（８−
１）を得た。更にこの10と焼成バーミキユライ
ト10Kgとを混合し本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止
材（８−２）を作つた。またこの（８−２）に
OMUP4Kgを添加混合し本発明の第２の発明に係
る作物の病気の抑止材（８−３）を調製した。
使用例 １
キユウリの連作によりツルワレ病菌（F.
oxysporumf−cucumerinum）が著しく感染した
沖積土壌３Kgに、好気的培養物とOMUPとを吸
着材に吸着させた先の発明の土壌改良材及び本発
明に係る作物の病気の抑止材各10Kgを土壌混合処
理法により施用し、直ちにキユウリを20粒／ポツ
ト播種して裁培試験をおこなつた。そして播種後
45日目に根部を切つて導管褐変株を調査した。な
おポツトにはP2O5として１ｇの過石とK2Oとし
て１ｇの硫酸加里も同時に施用した。結果は第２
表に示した。[Table] The above-mentioned isolated bacteria may be cultured individually for each of the isolated bacteria shown in Table 1, or two or more of them may be cultured in a mixed manner. The aerobic culture obtained as described above has the ability to suppress crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi. When applying such cultures to soil, the effects of the present invention will not be impaired even if two or more of the respective cultures are used in combination in various ratios. Further, a dehydrated product obtained by removing water, which is an inert component contained in the aerobic culture of the present invention, also has the same effect as before dehydration. When such a culture is applied to soil as shown in the usage examples below, it has the effect of sufficiently suppressing crop diseases caused by soil-transmitted pathogenic fungi. However, the culture may be combined with OMUP, i.e.
When applied in combination with OMUP, the aforementioned effects are synergistically increased and last longer than when the culture is applied alone. There is no particular restriction on the addition ratio of OMUP to the culture,
OMUP is also used as a nitrogen fertilizer, and there is no harm in adding it in large amounts to fully demonstrate the fertilizer effect. Also, the culture
Since OMUP only needs to coexist in the soil, it may be mixed before application or may be applied separately. The aerobic culture according to the present invention or this
The OMUP mixture can be applied by leaving the culture in a high-moisture state, but it is also possible to use the culture after removing part or most of the water by centrifugal dehydration or vacuum drying. can. More preferably, in order to improve the storage stability, transportability, or workability during application of the aerobic culture of the present invention or the mixture of this and OMUP, the culture or mixture may be prepared in the form described below. A form in which it is adsorbed on an adsorbent is preferable. Such a form may be present in the mixture with the culture.
It is also preferable for the purpose of maintaining a uniform mixing state with OMUP. The adsorbent used is preferably one that has micropores and has a large water retention capacity. Among them, inorganic adsorbents are particularly suitable, and specific examples include vermiculite, calcined vermiculite, and perlite. Of course, organic adsorbents can also be used, and specific examples include those made of synthetic polymers and refractory natural organic substances mainly composed of beets or lignin. When adsorbing the aerobic culture according to the present invention to an adsorbent,
Even if there is a high moisture content after culturing, operations such as drying after adsorption are not necessary. This means that the aerobic culture
The same holds true when adsorbing a mixture of OMUPs. Furthermore, the aerobic culture according to the present invention adsorbed on an adsorbent or a mixture of the culture and OMUP is easier to transport, store, or apply than one that is not adsorbed on an adsorbent, and has practical effects. has. The deterrent according to the present invention is used by applying the aerobic culture obtained by the method of the present invention as described above or a mixture of this and OMUP to soil. The timing of the application may be before or after planting, depending on the cultivation method or the disease situation. The application method is, for example,
A. Described in No. 20282. Application by furrow treatment method (Note: After applying the material in furrows, plant the crop),
B. Application using the high ridge treatment method (Note: Apply in a high ridge pattern mainly to planted seedlings), c. Application by soil mixing treatment method (Note: Mix the material uniformly with the soil before planting. For the culture of the present invention, it is preferably about 0.001 to 0.1% by weight); and d. Application by the growing season treatment method (Note: Apply the material in a mountain shape to the roots after planting and before the onset of disease) can be applied. When an aerobic culture prepared by the method of the present invention or a mixture of the same and OMUP is applied to soil according to the above-mentioned application method, plant diseases are suppressed, but the diseases are caused by soil-borne pathogenic fungi. It is. Examples include yellow wilt, wilt, vine splitting, damping-off and root rot caused by Fusarium, and clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora. In addition, the aerobic culture or this
The details of the mechanism by which the mixture with OMUP exhibits a greater soil improvement effect against continuous cropping damage than the previous invention are not necessarily clear, but the present inventors estimate as follows. That is, it is thought that by using isolated bacteria, the concentration of antagonistic bacteria in the culture solution becomes higher than in the previous invention, and more antagonistic bacteria are introduced into the rhizosphere and made to live there. Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be explained using manufacturing examples and usage examples. Production example 1 (soil improvement material of the previous invention) OMUP 10g, KH 2 PO 4 1.0g, MgSO 4 .
7H2O1.0g , KCl0.3g, FeSO4・7H2O0.01g ,
Alluvial soil collected from Fuji City, Shizuoka Prefecture (100 kg of OMUP per 10 a
Collected from a field where 2 times a year was applied) 20g with sterilized water
After shaking with 100 ml, 50 ml of the supernatant liquid that had been allowed to stand for 5 minutes was added, and the mixture was aerated and cultured at 30°C for 12 days to obtain the soil improvement material (1-1) of the previous invention. Further, this 10 was sprayed and mixed with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite (which adsorbs and retains 510 g of water per 100 g) to prepare the soil improvement material (1-2) of the previous invention. Also in this (1-2)
The soil improvement material (1-3) of the previous invention was prepared by adding and mixing 4 kg of OMUP. Production example 2 Sugar density 10g (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 4g, KH 2 PO 4 0.15g,
K 2 HPO 4 0.05g, MgSO 4・7H 2 O 1.0g, CaCO 3 10
A-1 precultured aerobically at 30°C for 3 days in the same medium with 1 g of tap water and 10 of a pH 7.5 medium.
100 ml of a culture solution of Arthrobacter spp. was added and cultured with aeration at 30°C for 7 days to obtain a soil improvement material (2-1) according to the present invention. Furthermore, the soil improvement material (2-2) of the present invention was prepared by scattering and mixing this 10 with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite. Also this (2-2)
A crop disease suppressant (2-3) of the present invention was prepared by adding and mixing 4 kg of OMUP. Production Example 3 According to Production Example 2, strain C-1 (Corynebacterium
spp.) to obtain the crop disease suppressant (3-1) according to the present invention. Further, this (3-1) 10 was mixed with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite to prepare a crop disease deterrent material (3-2) according to the present invention. Further, OMUP4Kg is added and mixed to this (3-2) to form a crop disease deterrent material (3-3) according to the second invention of the present invention.
was prepared. Production example 4 OMUP 10g, glycerin 5g, KH 2 PO 4 1.0
g, K 2 HPO 4 1.0 g, MgSO 4・7H 2 O 0.5 g,
0.05 g of CaCl 2 2H 2 O, 0.2 g of yeast extract, 1 part of tap water, 10 of a pH 7.0 medium, and 3 days at 30°C in the same medium.
Strain P-1 (Pseudomonas
spp.) was added and cultured aerobically at 30°C for 7 days to obtain the crop disease suppressant (4-1) according to the present invention. Furthermore, this 10 was mixed with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite to prepare a soil improvement material (4-2) according to the present invention. Also in this (4-2)
A crop disease suppressant (4-3) according to the second invention of the present invention was prepared by adding and mixing 4 kg of OMUP. Production Example 5 According to Production Example 2, strain A-3 (Arthrobacter
Corynebacterium spp.) and C-2 strain (Corynebacterium spp.) were cultured separately, and equal amounts thereof were mixed to obtain the crop disease suppressant (5-1) according to the present invention. Furthermore, add this (5-1) 10 to calcined perlite (per 100g)
Crop disease deterrent according to the present invention (5-2) by spraying and mixing on 10 kg (capable of adsorbing and retaining 950 g of water)
I made it. Further, 4 kg of OMUP was added to this (5-2) and mixed to prepare a crop disease suppressant (5-3) according to the second invention of the present invention. Production Example 6 According to Production Example 4, C-4 strain (Corynebacterium
spp.) and P-3 strain (Pseudomonas spp.) to produce the crop disease inhibitor (6-
1) was obtained. Furthermore, this 10 and fired perlite 10Kg
A soil improvement material (6-2) according to the present invention was prepared by mixing the above. Further, 4 kg of OMUP was added to this (6-2) and mixed to prepare a crop disease suppressing material (6-3) according to the second invention of the present invention. Production Example 7 According to Production Example 2, strain A-3 (Arthrobacter
Pseudomonas spp.) and P-6 strain (Pseudomonas spp.) were cultured separately and equal amounts thereof were mixed to obtain the crop disease suppressant (7-1) according to the present invention. Further, this (7-1) 10 was sprayed and mixed with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite to prepare a crop disease deterrent (7-2). Further, 4 kg of OMUP was added and mixed to this (7-2) to obtain a crop disease suppressant (7-3) according to the second invention of the present invention. Production Example 8 According to Production Example 2, strain A-1 (Arthrobacter
spp.) strain P-7 (Pseudomonas spp.) to produce the crop disease suppressant (8-
1) was obtained. Furthermore, this 10 was mixed with 10 kg of calcined vermiculite to prepare a crop disease suppressant (8-2) according to the present invention. Also in this (8-2)
A crop disease suppressant (8-3) according to the second invention of the present invention was prepared by adding and mixing 4 kg of OMUP. Usage example 1 Continuous cultivation of cucumbers causes the disease fungus F.
oxysporumf-cucumerinum), 10 kg each of the soil improvement material of the previous invention in which the aerobic culture and OMUP are adsorbed to an adsorbent and the crop disease suppressant of the present invention are added to the soil. The mixture was applied using a mixed treatment method, and 20 cucumbers were immediately sown in a pot to conduct a culturing test. and after sowing
On the 45th day, the roots were cut and the browning of the ducts was examined. In addition, 1 g of perishite as P 2 O 5 and 1 g of potassium sulfate as K 2 O were also applied to the pot at the same time. The result is second
Shown in the table.
【表】
使用例 ２
インゲンの連作によりネグサレ病（F.
oxysporumf.phaseoli）が著しく感染した火山灰
土壌３KgにＮ＝P2O5＝K2O＝0.5ｇの硫安又は
OMUPと過石、硫酸加里とともに先の発明の土
壌改良材若しくは本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止
材を土壌混合処理法に従つて播種日の２週間前に
施用し、インゲンを裁倍した。そして１ケ月間生
育させた後抜き取つてネグサレ病発病株数を調査
した。なお種子は20粒／ポツト播種した。結果は
第３表に示した。[Table] Usage example 2 Negusare disease (F.
3 kg of volcanic ash soil heavily infected with
Along with OMUP, perishite, and potassium sulfate, the soil improvement material of the previous invention or the crop disease suppressant of the present invention was applied according to the soil mixing method two weeks before the sowing date, and the green beans were mulched. After growing for one month, the plants were extracted and the number of plants infected with Negusare disease was investigated. In addition, 20 seeds were sown per pot. The results are shown in Table 3.
【表】【table】
【表】
使用例 ３
ネコブ病菌（Plasmodiophora blassicae）が
著しく感染した火山灰土壌15Kgを30×20×20cmの
箱型ポツトに入れ、その中央部に溝をつくり、そ
の中にＮ＝P2O5＝K2O＝1.0ｇ相当の硫安又は
OMUPと過石、硫酸加里とともに先の発明の土
壌改良材若しくは、本発明に係る作物の病気の抑
止材を施用し覆土した後、施用位置より５cm離し
て両側にハクサイを筋播きした。播種後48日目に
成育したハクサイを抜き取つてネコブ着生株数を
調査した。結果は第４表に示した。[Table] Usage example 3 Put 15 kg of volcanic ash soil heavily infected with Plasmodiophora blasticae into a box-shaped pot measuring 30 x 20 x 20 cm, make a groove in the center, and place N=P 2 O 5 = in it. Ammonium sulfate equivalent to K 2 O=1.0g or
After applying the soil improvement material of the previous invention or the crop disease suppressant of the present invention together with OMUP, perishite, and potassium sulfate and covering the soil, Chinese cabbage was sown in stripes on both sides at a distance of 5 cm from the application site. On the 48th day after sowing, the grown Chinese cabbage plants were taken out and the number of Nekobu epiphytes was investigated. The results are shown in Table 4.
【表】【table】
【表】
使用例 ４
使用例３の供試土壌を採集した圃場に幅0.5ｍ
長さ20ｍの高畝をつくり、10aあたりＮ＝P2O5＝
K2O＝10Kg相当の複合燐加安を均一に施肥し、30
cm間隔でハクサイ苗を定植した。さらに２週間後
に10aあたり150KgのOMUPを含む先の発明の土
壌改良材若しくは本発明に係る作物の病気の抑止
材を株元へ山形状に施用した。収穫時にネコブ着
生株数と収量を調査した。試験は１区１畝でおこ
なつた。結果は第５表に示した。[Table] Usage example 4 A field with a width of 0.5m where the test soil of usage example 3 was collected
Create a high ridge with a length of 20 m, and per 10 a N = P 2 O 5 =
K 2 O = 10 kg equivalent of compound phosphorus additive was uniformly applied, 30
Chinese cabbage seedlings were planted at cm intervals. Two weeks later, the soil conditioner of the previous invention or the crop disease suppressant of the present invention containing 150 kg of OMUP per 10 acres was applied to the base of the plants in a mountain shape. At the time of harvest, we investigated the number of Nekobu epiphytes and the yield. The test was conducted in one section and one row. The results are shown in Table 5.
【表】【table】
Claims (1)
くはシユードモナス属に属し、２−オキソ−４−
メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミジン
の分解能を有し、且つ、土壌伝染性病原菌に拮抗
性を有する微生物の１種以上であつて、２−オキ
ソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピ
リミジンを唯一の炭素源および窒素源として培養
されたものを好気的に培養することを特徴とする
土壌伝染性病原糸状菌による作物の病気の抑止材
の製造方法。 ２ 土壌伝染性病原菌がフザリウム菌もしくはネ
コブ病菌である特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の製
造方法。 ３ 好気培養物を吸着材に吸着せしめる特許請求
の範囲第１項に記載の製造方法。 ４ 吸着材がバーミキユライト、焼成バーミキユ
ライトもしくはパーライトである特許請求の範囲
第３項に記載の製造方法。 ５ アースロバクター、コリネバクテリウム若し
くはシユードモナス属に属し、２−オキソ−４−
メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミジン
の分解能を有し、且つ、土壌伝染性病原菌に拮抗
性を有する微生物の１種以上であつて、２−オキ
ソ−４−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピ
リミジンを唯一の炭素源および窒素源として培養
されたものの好気的培養物、及び２−オキソ−４
−メチル−６−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミジ
ンを組合せることを特徴とする土壌伝染性病原糸
状菌による作物の病気の抑止材の製造方法。 ６ 土壌伝染性病原菌がフザリウム菌もしくはネ
コブ病菌である特許請求の範囲第５項に記載の製
造方法。 ７ 好気培養物及び２−オキソ−４−メチル−６
−ウレイドヘキサハイドロピリミジンを吸着材に
吸着せしめる特許請求の範囲第５項に記載の製造
方法。 ８ 吸着材がバーミキユライト、焼成バーミキユ
ライトもしくはパーライトである特許請求の範囲
第７項に記載の製造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1 Belonging to the genus Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium or Pseudomonas, 2-oxo-4-
One or more types of microorganisms that have the ability to degrade methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine and have antagonistic properties against soil-borne pathogens, and that are the only type of microorganism that can degrade 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine. A method for producing a deterrent for crop diseases caused by soil-transmitted pathogenic filamentous fungi, which comprises culturing aerobically as a carbon source and nitrogen source. 2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the soil-borne pathogen is Fusarium or Nekobu. 3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the aerobic culture is adsorbed onto an adsorbent. 4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the adsorbent is vermiculite, calcined vermiculite, or pearlite. 5 Belongs to the genus Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium or Pseudomonas, 2-oxo-4-
One or more types of microorganisms that have the ability to degrade methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine and have antagonistic properties against soil-borne pathogens, and that are the only type of microorganism that can degrade 2-oxo-4-methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine. aerobic cultures of those grown as carbon and nitrogen sources, and 2-oxo-4
- A method for producing a deterrent for crop diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenic filamentous fungi, which comprises combining methyl-6-ureidohexahydropyrimidine. 6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein the soil-borne pathogen is Fusarium or Nekobu. 7 Aerobic cultures and 2-oxo-4-methyl-6
- The manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein ureidohexahydropyrimidine is adsorbed on an adsorbent. 8. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the adsorbent is vermiculite, calcined vermiculite, or pearlite.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172253A JPS5962509A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Suppression of blight of crop |
| DE19833335643 DE3335643A1 (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1983-09-30 | Method for controlling diseases of crop plants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172253A JPS5962509A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Suppression of blight of crop |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5962509A JPS5962509A (en) | 1984-04-10 |
| JPS6323164B2 true JPS6323164B2 (en) | 1988-05-16 |
Family
ID=15938458
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57172253A Granted JPS5962509A (en) | 1982-09-30 | 1982-09-30 | Suppression of blight of crop |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5962509A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3335643A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1278434C (en) * | 1985-04-25 | 1991-01-02 | Alan Paau | Bacterial agricultural inoculants |
| IL83089A (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1990-12-23 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Method for the prevention of fusarium diseases in plants and microorganisms used for the same |
| JPH0617291B2 (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1994-03-09 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Soil disease control method for solanaceous plants |
| US5244658A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1993-09-14 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Biological inoculant effective against aphanomyces |
| CA1327333C (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1994-03-01 | Jennifer L. Parke | Biological inoculant effective against aphanomyces |
| WO1990015136A1 (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1990-12-13 | Biotech International Limited | A method of growing and preserving fungi and bacteria |
| JPH03128988A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-05-31 | Tochigi Pref Gov | Microbial material capable of controlling soil disease and its manufacture |
| JPH06135810A (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-17 | Takasaki Kasei Kk | Production of microbial material capable of suppressing soil disease and injury |
| DE10001548A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-19 | Innovation Pro Terra Gmbh & Co | Plant substrate which includes a fungicide or bactericide and a preservative to delay substrate volume loss and plant damage associated with attack by bacteria, fungi or algae |
| KR100620583B1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2006-09-14 | 김진호 | New Microorganism Streptomyces Carpinenesis AC-3 Antagonist to Chinese Cabbage Wart Disease and Organic Fertilizer Prepared Using the Same |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4875359A (en) * | 1971-12-28 | 1973-10-11 | ||
| JPS5710077B2 (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1982-02-24 | ||
| JPS5950311B2 (en) * | 1979-07-03 | 1984-12-07 | 北原 基 | Active rhizobial bacteria formulation |
| JPS5682880A (en) * | 1979-12-08 | 1981-07-06 | Chisso Asahi Hiryo Kk | Soil conditioning material |
-
1982
- 1982-09-30 JP JP57172253A patent/JPS5962509A/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-09-30 DE DE19833335643 patent/DE3335643A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5962509A (en) | 1984-04-10 |
| DE3335643C2 (en) | 1991-03-14 |
| DE3335643A1 (en) | 1984-04-05 |
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