JPS6324744B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses mixed materials that are generally collected as waste, such as magnetic materials such as iron pieces, non-magnetic conductive materials such as aluminum cans, and waste paper or wood chips. The present invention relates to a mixed material separation device used to separate nonmagnetic and nonconductive materials.

Mixed materials collected as waste can be broadly classified into the above-mentioned magnetic materials, non-magnetic conductive materials, and non-magnetic non-conductive materials, and various magnetic materials using the magnetic attraction force of magnets are used to separate magnetic materials. A sorting machine has been proposed. In addition, in order to separate materials from which magnetic materials have been removed in advance by a magnetic separator or the like into non-magnetic conductive materials and non-magnetic non-conductive materials, the inventor of the present application has disclosed a patent application in Japanese Patent Application No. 53-98711. The presented non-magnetic conductive material separation device was proposed.

The separation device includes a cylindrical body disposed laterally that is driven and rotated in one direction with a longitudinal center axis as a rotation axis, and a cylinder surrounding the cylindrical body and coaxially with the cylindrical body about the rotation axis. and means for generating a magnetic field rotating in opposite directions. Materials from which magnetic materials have been removed in advance are charged into the cylindrical body, and non-magnetic non-conductive materials other than non-magnetic conductive materials among the materials loaded into the cylindrical body are rotated in the direction of rotation of the cylindrical body. directed towards. Further, the non-conductive material is oriented in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the cylindrical body by an electromagnetic force between an eddy current generated inside the non-conductive material by the rotating magnetic field and the rotating magnetic field.

Therefore, according to the separation device, the rotating magnetic field, which rotates in the opposite direction independently of the cylindrical body, is rotated at high speed to remove the non-containing material without applying a strong centrifugal force to the material introduced into the cylindrical body. A strong electromagnetic force can be applied to the magnetic conductive material, thereby effectively separating the non-magnetic conductive material from the non-magnetic non-conductive material.

However, the separation device cannot separate the magnetic material, and if any magnetic material remains in the input material, the remaining magnetic material is absorbed by the cylindrical body which rotates due to the magnetic attraction force of the rotating magnetic field. The material rotated integrally with the cylindrical body while being attracted and held on the inner circumferential surface, thereby preventing separation of the non-magnetic conductive material and the non-magnetic non-conductive material.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed material separation device that can separate a mixed material into a magnetic material, a non-magnetic conductive material, and a non-magnetic non-conductive material.

The present invention relates to a cylindrical body that is driven and rotated in one direction around a longitudinal center axis that is disposed in the transverse direction, and a magnetic field generated by a rotating magnetic field generated by an annular magnetic device that is disposed surrounding the cylindrical body at a distance. A magnetic shield is provided between the gastric tube body and the magnetic device at the upper side of the cylinder body in order to release the magnetic material attracted and held on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder body by the attraction force from the inner peripheral surface. It is characterized in that it is provided with a means for receiving the magnetic material released inside the cylindrical body.

The features of the invention will become clearer from the following description of the illustrated embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a separation device 10 according to the present invention includes a cylindrical body 12 made of a non-magnetic material and open at both ends, a magnetic device 14, and a frame 16.

The frame 16 is arranged to be inclined, and a pair of driving rollers 20 and a pair of driven rollers 22 (only one roller is shown in FIG. 1) are provided on the frame via a bracket 18. ing. The cylindrical body 12 is placed on both rollers 20 and 22 at the annular guide portions 24 provided at both ends thereof, so that the cylindrical body 12 has a longitudinal central axis a inclined at an angle θ ₁ with respect to the horizontal plane. It is rotatably supported with ₁ as the rotation axis. The angle θ ₁ can be any desired angle as long as the central axis a ₁ is not vertical.

The drive roller 20 has a chain 3 that runs around a sprocket 28 fixed to its shaft 26 and a sprocket 32 fixed to the rotating shaft of a motor 30.
The rotational force of the motor 30 is transmitted through the cylinder 4, and the rotation of the drive roller 20 causes the cylindrical body 12 to rotate clockwise around its central axis _a1 as viewed in FIG.

A chute 38 for continuously introducing the mixed material 36 into the cylindrical body 12 is arranged at the upper end opening 12a of the cylindrical body 12, and the mixed material 36 introduced into the cylindrical body 12 from the chute Due to its own weight, it is directed along the bottom of the cylindrical body 12 toward its lower end opening 12b. At this time, since the cylindrical body 12 is rotated in one direction, the mixed material 36 is
The cylindrical body 12 is directed towards the lower end opening 12b in a state where it is entirely biased in the rotational direction, and the magnetic device 14 rotates the cylindrical body 12 in order to sort out the magnetic material 40 and the non-magnetic conductive material 42 in this mixed material 36. arranged around it.

The magnetic device 14 includes an outer ring 44 having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical body 12 and surrounding approximately the center of the cylindrical body. A large number of permanent magnets 46 and 48 are embedded in the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 44. Each magnet 46, 48 has a cylindrical body 1, as shown in FIG.
The magnetic pole surfaces surrounding the outer circumferential surface of 2 at intervals and facing the outer circumferential surface are arranged so as to alternately have different magnetic poles in the circumferential direction, and each magnet 46,
The magnetic pole boundary line 48 extends parallel to the central axis a ₂ of the outer ring 44 as shown in FIG.

An annular guide portion 50 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 44 . The outer ring 44 is placed on a pair of drive rollers 54 supported by a bracket 52 provided on the frame 16 in the guide portion 50 . In the illustrated example, the central axis a ₂ of the outer ring 44 is parallel to the central axis a ₁ of the cylindrical body 12 and located above the central axis. As a result, the distance between the cylindrical body 12 and the outer ring 44 is set larger at the upper side of the cylindrical body 12 than at its lower side.

The rotational force of the motor 60 is transmitted to the pair of drive rollers 54 that receive the outer ring 44 through a chain 64 that runs around a sprocket 58 fixed to its shaft 56 and a sprocket 62 fixed to the rotating shaft of the motor 60. As the driving roller 54 rotates, the outer ring 44 is driven and rotated counterclockwise about its central axis as viewed in FIG. As a result, a rotating magnetic field that rotates in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylinder 12 is applied to the mixed material 36 moving inside the cylinder 12 toward the lower end opening 12b.

This rotating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the non-magnetic conductive material 42, represented by an aluminum can in the mixed material 36, which is relatively transverse to the rotating magnetic field. Therefore, due to the electromagnetic force of the eddy current and the rotating magnetic field, the conductive material 42 is directed in the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field, as shown in FIG. It is directed towards the lower end opening 12b along the bottom of the cylindrical body in a biased state.

In addition, although the non-magnetic non-conductive material 66 typified by paper scraps and wood chips in the mixed material 36 also passes through the above-described rotating magnetic field region, eddy currents are not induced in this non-conductive material 66, and the non-conductive material is a cylindrical body 12
As a result of the rotation, as described above, the cylindrical body 12 is biased toward the rotational direction and directed along the bottom of the cylindrical body toward the lower end opening 12b.

The conductive material 42 and the non-conductive material 66 in the mixed material 36 pass through the rotating magnetic field along the bottom of the cylindrical body 12 as described above, and are successively separated from each other from the lower end opening of the cylindrical body 12. However, the magnetic material 40 typified by iron pieces, except for the above-mentioned two materials 42 and 66, does not pass through the rotating magnetic field along the bottom of the cylindrical body 12. That is, the magnetic material 40 in the mixed material 36 is attracted to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical body 12 by its magnetic attraction force in the rotating magnetic field region and attempts to rotate integrally with the cylindrical body 12, but this magnetic material A magnetic shield 68 is disposed between the cylindrical body 12 and the magnetic device 14 for release from the inner circumferential surface of 40;
Furthermore, means 70 for catching the magnetic material 40 released from the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 12 is disposed within the cylinder 12 in order to prevent the magnetic material 40 from falling to the bottom of the cylinder 12.

The magnetic shield 68 is composed of an arc-shaped magnetic plate as a whole, and the magnetic plate is supported by a frame 71 at both ends thereof at the upper side of the cylindrical body 12 so as to be spaced from the cylindrical body and the magnetic device 14. There is. The magnetic plate 68 has a width W that is sufficient to cover at least two adjacent magnets 46 and 48 of different magnetic poles among the large number of magnets 46 and 48 provided on the outer ring 44, that is, approximately in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 12. It has a length dimension extending from one side 68a of the magnetic plate 68 to the other side 68b along. This magnetic plate 68 magnetically short-circuits the magnets 46 and 48 while the magnets 46 and 48, which rotate integrally with the outer ring 44, pass through a rotation region facing the magnetic plate 68. The magnetic material 40, which is attracted and held on the inner circumferential surface of the magnetic material 40, is released from the inner circumferential surface below the magnetic shield 68 and falls downward.

As the means 70 for receiving the magnetic material 40, a belt conveyor is shown as an example in FIGS. It is discharged to the outside of the cylindrical body 12 through the lower end opening 12b, separated from the non-magnetic conductive material 42 and the non-conductive material 66. The magnetic material 40 can be discharged from the upper end opening 12a of the cylindrical body 12 using the belt conveyor as described above, and a gutter can be used instead of the belt conveyor. Further, as the means 70, a tray or the like that can be taken in and out of the cylindrical body 12 may be used instead of the belt conveyor or gutter, but in order to continuously discharge the separated magnetic material 40, it is necessary to use the above-mentioned method. It is preferable to use a belt conveyor, gutter, etc. that has a conveying function.

The thickness of the magnetic plate 68 is changed from one side 68a to the other side 68 as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
b, that is, along the direction of rotation of the cylindrical body 12, thereby ensuring that the magnetic material 40 is released from the inner peripheral surface and that the magnetic material 40 is deposited on the belt conveyor 70 without impacting it. Materials can be dropped. FIG. 3a shows an example in which the magnetic plate 68 is arranged so that the distance between the magnetic plate 68 and the cylindrical body 12 is constant in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body, and FIG. 14 is shown in an example in which they are arranged so that the distance between them is constant in the circumferential direction.

The magnetic plate used as the magnetic shield 68 generally has electrical conductivity. Therefore, the magnetic plate 68
Eddy currents are generated within the rotating magnetic field by the rotating magnetic field, and these eddy currents provide strong rotational resistance to the rotating outer ring 44. Therefore, a fourth layer is formed on the surface of the magnetic plate 68.
As shown in Figures a, b, and c, a large number of grooves 72 are provided in the vertical, horizontal, or diagonal directions of the magnetic plate 68 to suppress the generation of eddy current within the magnetic plate 68 due to the rotating magnetic field. It is desirable to do so.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the generation of eddy current in the shield can also be suppressed by using a thin plate 74 made of a magnetic conductor laminated in the thickness direction as the magnetic shield 68. be able to. It is preferable to use silicon steel plates, which are less likely to generate eddy currents, as the thin plates 74, and by providing a large number of holes 75 in each silicon steel plate, the generation of eddy currents can be suppressed even better.
Furthermore, by laminating wire mesh or the like instead of the thin plate 74, the magnetic shield 68 generates less eddy current.
can be obtained.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, the magnetic body 76
A magnetic shield 68 with small generation of eddy current can also be obtained by sequentially joining electrical insulators 78 such as plastic, rubber, or paper in the vertical or horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. 6b. As described above, when the two magnetic bodies 76 and 78 are joined alternately in the lateral direction, each magnetic body 76 has a width W sufficient to cover two adjacent magnets 46 and 48 of different magnetic poles, as described above.

According to the separation device 10, as described above,
With a relatively simple configuration, the mixed material 36 is composed of a magnetic material 40, a non-magnetic conductive material 42, and a non-conductive material 6.
The magnetic material 40 mixed in the mixed material 36 does not prevent the separation of the conductive material 42 by the electromagnetic force of the rotating magnetic field, as in the conventional case. Furthermore, by using a magnetic shield 78 that generates little eddy current, the rotational resistance given to the magnetic device 14 can be reduced, and the driving force of the magnetic device can be directed to the rotation of the magnetic field without waste. . Therefore, the rotating magnetic field can be rotated at high speed,
The electromagnetic force can be increased without applying a strong centrifugal force to the mixed material 36 within the cylindrical body 12, and thereby the separation efficiency can be improved.

In the above description, an example has been described in which both the rotational axes a ₁ and a 2 of the cylindrical body 12 and the outer ring 44 are inclined, but both the rotational axes a ₁ and _{a 2 can} be made horizontal. In this case, the conductive material 42
Also, since it becomes impossible to continuously discharge the non-conductive material 66 from the lower end opening 12b of the cylindrical body 12, it is necessary to take out both parts separated within the cylindrical body 12 from the cylindrical body. . Furthermore, by inclining the magnetic pole boundaries of the magnets 46 and 48 of the outer ring 44 with respect to the central axis a ₂ , a force component along the central axis a ₂ is imparted to the electromagnetic force according to the direction of inclination. It is possible,
As a result, the conductive material 42 is discharged from the upper end opening 12a of the cylindrical body 12, or the conductive material 42 is actively removed from the cylindrical body 12.
The liquid can be discharged from the opening toward the lower end opening 12b.

Further, although an example has been described in which an outer ring equipped with a permanent magnet and driven and rotated is used as the magnetic device 14, an annular linear motor surrounding the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 12 may be used as the magnetic device. If the distance between the magnetic device and the cylindrical body is wide enough to arrange the magnetic shield, the axis of rotation _{a 1} of the cylindrical body 12 as described above
The rotation axes _a2 of the rotating magnetic fields can be arranged coaxially with respect to each other without eccentricity.

According to the present invention, a mixed material can be separated into a magnetic material, a non-magnetic conductive material, and a non-magnetic non-conductive material by a single magnetic generation source, and the cylindrical material into which the mixed material is introduced Since the magnetic field can be rotated at high speed independently of the magnetic field, it is possible to improve the separation effect with a relatively simple configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a mixed material separation device according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIGS. 3a and 3b are cross-sectional views taken along the line shown in the figure, and FIGS.
FIGS. 4a, b, c, 5, and 6 a, b are perspective views showing still other embodiments of the magnetic shield according to the present invention. 12: Cylindrical body, 14: Magnetic device, 40: Magnetic material, 68: Magnetic shield, 70: Means for receiving magnetic material, 72: Groove, 74: Magnetic conductor (silicon steel plate), 76: Magnetic material, 78: electrical insulator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical body made of a non-magnetic material, which is driven and rotated in one direction around a longitudinal central axis disposed laterally, and into which a mixed material containing a magnetic material is charged, and the cylindrical body. an annular magnetic device that is arranged around the cylindrical body at a distance from the cylindrical body and generates a magnetic field that rotates in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the cylindrical body; A mixed materials separation device comprising a magnetic shield disposed between the magnetic device and means for receiving magnetic material disposed inside the cylinder and below the magnetic shield. 2. The mixed material separation device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic shield has a thickness that gradually increases along the rotational direction of the cylindrical body. 3. The mixed material separation device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic shield is made of a magnetic plate with a large number of grooves formed on its surface. 4. The mixed material separation device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic shield has a laminated structure in which magnetic materials and electrical insulators are alternately arranged. 5. The mixed material separation device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic shield is a laminated plate formed by laminating magnetic conductors. 6. The mixed material separation device according to claim 5, wherein each of the magnetic conductors is a silicon steel plate. 7. The mixed material separation device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein each of the magnetic conductors has a large number of holes.