JPS6325266B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump type water heater for heating and cooling, which allows a single unit to efficiently perform hot water supply operation, hot water supply operation, and cooling operation.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit, where 1 is a compressor, 2
3 is a four-way switching valve, 3 is a hot water storage tank with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 4 is a first throttle device, and the above equipment 1,
2 and 3 are connected in series with refrigerant piping. A is an electric valve circuit A that bypasses the hot water supply condensing coil 3a and the first throttle device 4 which are connected in series with refrigerant piping, and has an electric valve A5. Further, B is an electric valve circuit B that bypasses the first throttle device 4, and has an electric valve B6. 7 is an outdoor heat exchanger that is not used, 8 is a blower that blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and 9 is a second throttle device. Reference numeral 10 denotes an indoor heat exchanger on the user side, 11 a blower for blowing air to the outdoor heat exchanger 10, 12 an accumulator, which includes an outdoor heat exchanger 7, a second throttle device 9, , the indoor heat exchanger 10, and the four-way switching valve 2 are connected in series with refrigerant piping. C is an electric valve circuit C that bypasses the second expansion device 9 and the indoor heat exchanger 10, and has an electric valve C13.

FIG. 2 is an electrical circuit diagram, in which SW-1 is an operation switch, SW-2 is an air-conditioning/heating changeover switch, and has a neutral contact. 23W is the water temperature thermostat of the hot water temperature detector inside the hot water storage tank 3 with condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 52C is the electromagnetic contactor 52F of the motor for the compressor 1 _{, 1} is the electromagnetic contactor of the motor for the outdoor fan 8, 52F ₂ is an electromagnetic contactor for the electric motor for the indoor fan 11. In addition, X ₁ is an auxiliary continuator for heating operation commands, and X ₂ is an auxiliary relay for cooling operation commands, which are connected in series with heating thermostat 23A ₁ and cooling thermostat 23A ₂ , respectively, for indoor temperature detection, which serve as cooling and heating load detectors. It is connected. _X3 is an auxiliary relay for defrost operation command, and is connected in series with the defrost thermostat 26D.
SV-A, SV-B, and SV-C are coils of electric valve A5, electric valve B6, and electric valve CB, respectively. SV-4 is a coil of the four-way switching valve 2. T is a 24-hour timer, X ₄ is the time limit contact T-a of timer T and the normally open contact X _{1 -} of auxiliary relay X 1.
This is an auxiliary relay connected in series with a.

Next, the operation of this invention will be explained. First, the hot water supply operation will be explained. FIG. 3 is a refrigerant flow diagram during hot water supply operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. First, drive switch SW-1
When the water is turned on, the hot water storage tank 3 with the condensing coil 3a for hot water supply
When the internal hot water temperature is below a predetermined value, the water temperature thermostat 23W is closed and the electromagnetic contactor 52C is closed.
is energized, and the compressor 1 operates. Also, since the defrost thermostat 26D is normally open, the auxiliary relay _X3 is not energized, and therefore the normally closed contact _X3 -b is closed, so the magnetic contactor 52
_F1 is energized and the outdoor fan 8 starts operating.
On the other hand, the auxiliary relays X ₁ , X ₂ , and X ₃ are not energized, and their respective normally open contacts X ₁ -a, X ₂ -a, and X ₃ -a
is open, and the normally closed contacts X ₂ -b and X ₃ -b are closed. Therefore, the coil SV of the four-way switching valve 2
-4, Coil SV-A of motor-operated valve A5 Coil SV-B of motor-operated valve B6 is deenergized, and only coil SV-C of motor-operated valve C13 is energized. Therefore, the four-way switching valve 2 is positioned in the refrigerant flow direction as shown in FIG.
B is closed, and electric valve circuit C is opened. Regarding the refrigerant flow, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way switching valve 2 and is guided to the hot water storage tank 3 with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, where it exchanges heat with the low-temperature hot water supply, radiates heat, and converts into high-pressure liquid. Becomes a refrigerant. In addition, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 collects heat and its temperature increases. and,
Hot water is used from the hot water outlet 14 at the top of the tank, and only the amount of water used is used from the city water inlet 15 at the bottom of the tank.
Supplied by Thereafter, the liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the first throttle device 4, evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, passes through the electric valve circuit CC, and is connected to the four-way switching valve 2, the accumulator 12, and the compressor. Return to 1. In this case, since the pressure resistance of the second throttle device 9 is large, the evaporated low-temperature gas refrigerant is transferred to the electric valve circuit C.
C and will not be trapped in the indoor heat exchanger 10. Further, if the temperature of the hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 3 rises above a predetermined value, the water temperature thermostat 23W is activated and its contacts are opened. Therefore, the electromagnetic contactors 52C and 52F ₁ are deenergized, and the compressor 1 and the outdoor blower 8 are stopped. When the hot water temperature drops again, the water temperature thermostat 23W is reset and operation is resumed.

Next, hot water supply and cooling operations will be explained.
FIG. 4 is a refrigerant flow diagram during hot water supply and cooling operations, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid line arrows. First, when the operation switch SW-1 is turned on and the air-conditioning/heating selector switch SW-2 is set to the "cold" side, the indoor cooling thermostat _23A2 is closed above a predetermined set value, and the auxiliary relay _X2 is closed. is energizing. Furthermore, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 is above a predetermined value, the water temperature thermostat 23W is closed as described above, and since the auxiliary relay _X2 is energized, its normally open contact _X2- A is also closed at the same time. Therefore, the electromagnetic contactors 52C and 52F ₁ are energized, and the compressor 1 and the outdoor blower 8 operate. Since the other auxiliary relays X ₁ and X ₃ are deenergized, the normally open contacts X ₁ -a and X ₃ -a are open,
Since normally closed contact X ₃ -b remains closed, coil SV-4 of four-way switching valve 2, electric valve A, C5, 13
Coils SV-A and SV-C of motor-operated valve B6 are deenergized, coil SV-B of motor-operated valve B6 is energized, and motor-operated valve circuit AA,
C is a closed circuit, and electric valve circuit B is an open circuit.
At the same time, the electromagnetic contactor _52F2 is energized, and the indoor fan 11 is operated. Regarding the refrigerant flow, it is condensed in the compressor 1, the four-way switching valve 2, the hot water storage tank 3 with a flow condensing coil, the electric valve circuit BB, and the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the pressure is reduced in the second throttle device 9. The indoor heat exchanger 10 extracts heat from the indoor air, evaporates it, and returns it to the four-way switching valve 2, the accumulator 12, and the compressor 1. In this operation, the room is cooled, and when the indoor air temperature drops to a predetermined value, the room cooling thermostat _23A2 is activated and its contacts are opened. By opening this contact, the auxiliary relays, X ₁ , X ₂ , and X ₃ are all de-energized, and the de-energized and energized states of the electric valve coil and electromagnetic contactor become the same as during the hot water supply operation described above, and the hot water supply operation is stopped. continue. On the other hand, during hot water supply and cooling operation, the water temperature of the hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 3 rises, the water temperature thermostat 23W is activated, and even if that contact opens, if there is a cooling request, the normally open contact X ₂ of the auxiliary relay X ₂ is activated. -a is closed, so
Driving continues. In addition, in this case, since the hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank 3 with the hot water supply condensing coil 3a is high, the condensing capacity decreases, so
The air volume of the blower 8 is controlled by a control circuit (not shown) so as to be supplemented by the outdoor heat exchanger 7.

Next, the heating operation will be explained. FIG. 5 is a refrigerant flow diagram during heating operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. First, turn on the operation switch SW-
1 and set the air conditioning/heating changeover switch SW-2 to the "warm" side, the indoor heating thermostat _23A1 is closed below a predetermined set value, and the auxiliary relay _X1 is energized. Since the other auxiliary relays X ₂ and X ₃ are de-energized, the electromagnetic contactors 52C, 52F ₁ and 52F ₂ are energized, and the compressor 1,
The indoor side blower 11 and the outdoor side blower 8 start operating. In addition, the coil SV-A of the electric valve A5 is energized,
Electric valve B, C6, 13 coil SV-B, SV-C
is deenergized, the electric valve circuit A is opened, and the electric valve circuits B and C are closed. Coil SV-4 of four-way valve 2 is energized, as shown in FIG. This is the position in the refrigerant flow direction. Regarding the refrigerant flow, it flows through the compressor 1 and the four-way switching valve 2, radiates heat to the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 10, condenses, is depressurized in the second throttling device 9, and is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger 10. At step 7, heat is collected from the outside air, evaporated, passed through the electric valve circuit AA, and returned to the four-way switching valve 2, the accumulator 12, and the compressor 1. In this case, since the pressure resistance of the first throttle device 4 is large, the refrigerant passes through the electric valve circuit AA and does not stay in the hot water storage tank 3 with the hot water supply condensing coil 3a. If the indoor air temperature rises to a predetermined value,
The indoor heating thermostat _23A1 is activated and its contacts are opened. By opening this contact, all of the auxiliary relays X ₁ , X ₂ , and X ₃ are deenergized, and the hot water supply operation continues in the same manner as in the hot water supply operation described above.

Next, the defrost operation will be explained. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant flow diagram during defrost operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. During hot water supply operation and heating operation in winter, if frost forms on the outside heat exchanger 7, which acts as an evaporator, and the evaporation temperature drops below a predetermined set value, the temperature is detected and defrost is performed. The contacts of thermostat 26D are closed and auxiliary relay _X3 is energized. Therefore,
During hot water supply operation, the normally open contact of auxiliary relay X ₃ is closed,
The normally closed contact is opened, the electromagnetic contactor 52F ₂ and the coils SV-A and SV-B of the electric valve A5B6 are deenergized, the blower 8 is stopped, and the electric valve circuits AA and BB are closed. In addition, the coil SV- of the four-way switching valve 2
4. Coil SV-C of electric valve C13 is energized,
Electric valve circuit CC is opened. The same operation occurs during heating operation. Regarding the refrigerant flow, it flows through the compressor 1, the four-way switching valve 2, and the electric valve circuit CC, and melts the frost that has formed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
Condense. In this case, the outdoor fan 8 is stopped so that all of the condensation heat is used for defrosting. Furthermore, due to the pressure resistance of the second expansion device 9 and the ambient temperature conditions of the indoor heat exchanger 10 (higher than the outdoor heat exchanger 7), the high temperature, high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is electrically operated. Pass through the valve circuit C C,
There is no need to sleep in the indoor heat exchanger 10. The liquid refrigerant condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is depressurized in the first throttling device 4, evaporated in the hot water storage tank 3 with a condensing coil, passed through the four-way switching valve 2, the accumulator 12, and then transferred to the compressor. Return to 1. In this case, as an evaporator,
Since the hot water supply condensing coil 3a of the hot water storage tank 3, which contains hot water (a certain amount of high temperature water is stored), is used, the evaporation temperature can be maintained high, increasing the capacity during defrosting. It is possible to measure the defrost time and shorten the defrost time. Also,
Since the defrost time is short (about 2 to 3 minutes), it is possible to exercise without substantially lowering the temperature of the hot water supplied in the hot water storage tank 3. After defrosting, the outdoor heat exchanger 7
If the temperature rises, the defrost thermostat 2
6D returns to normal heating and hot water supply operation. Next, the early morning heating operation will be described. FIG. 7 is a refrigerant flow chart during early morning heating operation, and the refrigerant flow direction is indicated by thick solid arrows. First, turn on the driving switch.
Turn on SW-1 and turn on the heating/cooling switch SW-2.
Set to heating side. On the other hand, 24 hour timer T
is being integrated, so the time limit contact T- of the timer T is activated at predetermined time intervals (for example, from 6 a.m. to 7 a.m. in the morning).
a is closed and auxiliary relay _X4 is energized. As mentioned above, during the heating operation, the auxiliary relay X ₁ is energized, and the other auxiliary relays X ₂ and X ₃ are de-energized. Therefore, normally open contact X ₁ of each auxiliary relay
-a, X ₄ -a are closed circuits, X ₂ -a, X ₃ -a are open circuits, and normally closed contacts X ₁ -b, X ₄ -b are open circuits, normally closed contacts X ₂ -b, X ₃ - b is closed, the electromagnetic contactors 52C, 52F ₁ and 52F ₂ are energized, and the coil SV-4 and electric valve coil B SV-B of the four-way switching valve 2 are energized, and the electric valve coil A, C
SV-A and SV-C are deenergized. Therefore, the electric valve circuit BB is opened, the electric valve circuits AA and CC are closed, and the indoor blower 11 and the outdoor blower 8 are operated. Regarding the refrigerant flow, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 10 to heat the room. The pressure is reduced by the first throttling device 9 and evaporated by the outdoor/indoor heat exchanger 7 and the hot water supply condensing coil 3a, heat is collected from the outside air and hot water, and the water is returned to the compressor 1. Therefore, since heat is collected from the low-pressure outside air and high-temperature hot water, the evaporation temperature can be maintained high and the heating capacity can be greatly improved, making it possible to quickly start heating the room. .

As described above, in this invention, a single unit can efficiently perform hot water supply operation, hot water supply and cooling operation, and heating operation, and when heating is started, such as during early morning heating operation, the temperature of the outside air and water in the hot water storage tank can be lowered. Because it collects heat and maintains a high evaporation temperature, it is possible to significantly increase the capacity even when the outside air temperature is low, and it is possible to quickly start heating the room.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Each figure shows an embodiment of this invention.
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of the refrigerant circuit, Figure 2 is an electrical circuit diagram, Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are diagrams for hot water supply operation, hot water supply-cooling operation, It is a refrigerant flow chart during heating operation, defrost operation, and early morning heating operation. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way switching valve, 3 is a hot water storage tank with a condensing coil 3a for hot water supply, 4 is a first throttle device,
5 is an electric valve A, 6 is an electric valve B, 7 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 9 is a second throttle device, 10 is an indoor heat exchanger, 13 is an electric valve C, A, B, C are each, These are electric valve circuits A, B, and C. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The compressor, the four-way switching valve, the hot water supply condensing coil, the first throttling device, the non-use side heat exchanger, the second throttling device, and the usage side heat exchanger are connected in sequence, and the above hot water condensing coil and the above a first bypass circuit that bypasses the first throttle device; a second bypass circuit that bypasses the first throttle device; and a third bypass circuit that bypasses the second throttle device and the user-side heat exchanger. a bypass circuit, and when the four-way switching valve is switched to one side, the first and second bypass circuits are closed, the third bypass circuit is opened, or the first and third bypass circuits are closed. is closed, and the second bypass circuit is opened to perform hot water supply operation or hot water supply and cooling operation, and
In a heat pump water heater for heating and cooling, the second and third bypass circuits are closed and the first bypass circuit is opened to perform heating operation when the four-way switching valve is switched to the other side, A control circuit is provided that closes the first and third bypass circuits for a predetermined period of time when the heating operation is in progress, and opens the second bypass circuit, such that the predetermined period of time corresponds to the start of heating in the early morning. A heat pump water heater for both air conditioning and heating.