JPS6326080B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a winch drive device. Cranes are equipped with a diesel engine as the prime mover. In the case of so-called mechanical cranes, this diesel engine is used directly as the power source for the winch, and in the case of hydraulic cranes, the diesel engine drives the hydraulic motor via a pump. This hydraulic motor is used as a power source for the winch. Furthermore, in the case of electric cranes, an electric motor is the power source. Conventionally, the power sources for winches are diesel engines,
Electric motor, hydraulic motor (hydraulic motor, water pressure motor)
One of these is used. However,
Diesel engines and electric motors (hereinafter collectively referred to as prime movers) have advantages such as high horsepower and tenacity in hoisting force, but they have the disadvantage that speed control in high and low speed ranges is difficult. I'm holding it. On the other hand, although hydraulic motors have the unique advantage of being easy to control speed in high and low speed ranges, they suffer from high power transmission loss and are inferior in operating efficiency.
It also has the disadvantages of weak starting force and lack of winding tenacity. Therefore, when using a conventional winch drive device in which only one of the prime mover and the hydraulic motor is used as a power source, there are advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance, and the result is not necessarily satisfactory.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a winch drive device that can improve winch performance by taking advantage of the advantages of both a prime mover (diesel engine or electric motor) and a hydraulic motor, and has excellent operability.

The present invention is characterized by a prime mover as a first power source, a hydraulic motor as a second power source driven by the prime mover via a variable displacement pump, and a hydraulic motor as a second power source driven by the prime mover via a variable displacement pump. First and second transmitting rotation to the hoisting shaft of the winch drum
a hoisting mechanism that rotates the drum in the hoisting direction; a hoisting mechanism that also rotates the drum in the hoisting direction; an operating valve that selectively operates the hoisting and hoisting mechanisms; It is equipped with a pilot type switching valve that selectively operates both the first and second power transmission mechanisms, and a switch that operates the pilot type switching valve, and the operating valve has a hoisting area and a hoisting area. and a winch drive device comprising control areas for the variable displacement pump in both of these areas.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A is a winch, B is a prime mover as a first power source, i.e. a diesel engine or an electric motor,
C is a hydraulic motor (a water pressure motor is also possible) as a second power source driven by this prime mover B via a variable displacement pump D.

To outline the winch A, 1 is a hoisting drum, 2 is a hoisting shaft, 3 is a planetary gear mechanism, 4 is a drum type clutch mechanism, 5 is a negative brake that constantly fixes the drum 1, and 6 is a planetary brake. 7 is the clutch cylinder of the clutch mechanism 4;
By the operation of the cylinder 7, the clutch drum 8 rotates together with the hoisting shaft 1, and the rotation of the drum 8 is transmitted to the hoisting drum 1 via the planetary gear mechanism 3.
As a result, the drum 1 rotates in the same direction as the hoisting shaft 2 (hoisting rotation). That is, the clutch mechanism 4 and the planetary gear mechanism 3 constitute a hoisting mechanism.
9 is a brake cylinder of the planetary brake 6, and when the cylinder 9 operates, the clutch drum 8 is
is fixed. Therefore, at this time, the rotation transmitted from the planetary gear mechanism 3 to the hoisting drum 1 is opposite to that during hoisting (so-called power hoisting rotation). That is, the planetary brake 6 and the planetary gear mechanism 3 constitute a lowering mechanism. Reference numeral 10 denotes a brake cylinder of the negative brake 5. When the cylinder 10 is operated, the braking force on the hoisting drum 1 is released, and in this state, the hoisting drum is removed by operating the hoisting mechanism or the hoisting mechanism as described above. 1 performs hoisting rotation or power hoisting rotation.

Next, in the drive system, 11 is the output shaft of the prime mover B, 12 is the output shaft of the hydraulic motor C (hereinafter, these are referred to as the first output shaft and the second output shaft), and the first output shaft 11 is constantly operated. By providing a negative clutch mechanism 14 with a clutch cylinder 13 in a normally inoperative state, and providing a positive clutch mechanism 16 with a clutch cylinder 15 in an inactive state on the second output shaft 12, the first (prime mover side)
It constitutes a power transmission mechanism E ₁ and a second (hydraulic motor side) power transmission mechanism E ₂ . Further, the first output shaft 11 is interlocked and connected to the rotating shaft of the pump D via gears 17 and 18, so that the pump D is constantly rotated by the prime mover B. on the other hand,
The above negative and positive clutch mechanism 1
The output shafts 19 of 4 and 16 are operatively connected to the hoisting shaft 2 via gears 20 and 21, an intermediate shaft 22, and a chain transmission mechanism 23. 24 is a regulator that adjusts the amount of oil discharged from the variable displacement pump D.

To explain the control system, numeral 25 is an operation valve for switching between hoisting and hoisting and controlling the speed of the hydraulic motor, and is composed of a lever 26 and a pair of variable pressure reducing valves 27 and 28.
This operation valve 25 has a hoisting region b and a hoisting down region c on both sides of the neutral position a, and in both the hoisting and hoisting regions, b ₁ and c ₁ perform hoisting and hoisting set. The control range of the pump D is from the b ₁ and c ₁ positions to the b ₂ and c ₂ positions. The operating valve 2
The primary side of 5 is connected to a hydraulic power source 29, and the two secondary ports are connected to two inlet ports of first and second electromagnetic switching valves (hereinafter simply referred to as first and second switching valves) 30 and 31. connected to one of the Also, the first and second
The other inlet ports of the switching valves 30, 31 are directly connected to the hydraulic power source 29. 2 of the first switching valve 30
One of the two outlet ports is connected to the clutch cylinder 7 of the clutch mechanism 4 in the winch A via a conduit 32 and to the brake cylinder 10 of the negative brake 5 via a shuttle valve 33. There is. Further, the other outlet port is connected to the regulator 24 of the pump D via the shuttle valve 34. One of the two outlet ports of the second switching valve 31 is connected to the brake cylinder 9 of the planetary brake 6 via a conduit 35.
It is connected to the brake cylinder 10 of the negative brake 5 via a shuttle valve 33, and the other outlet port is connected to the regulator 24 via a shuttle valve 34. 36 is a third electromagnetic switching valve (hereinafter referred to as the third switching valve) for switching the power source, and the inlet port of the valve 36 is connected to the pipe 37.
It is connected to the clutch cylinders 13, 15 of both the first and second clutch mechanisms 14, 16 in the drive system. Therefore, when pressure oil is supplied to the pipe line 37 through the third switching valve 36, the negative type first clutch mechanism 14 is in an inoperative state, and the positive type second clutch mechanism 16 is in an activated state. The first power transmission mechanism E ₁ is turned off, the second power transmission mechanism E ₂ is turned on, and the power source for driving the winch is switched from the prime mover B to the hydraulic motor C.

38 is the first to third switching valve 30, 31, 3
6, the electromagnetic coil 36a of the third switching valve 36 is connected to the power source via this main switch 38, and the electromagnetic coils 30a, 31a of the first and second switching valves 30, 31 are It is connected to a power source via first and second pressure switches 39 and 40 operated by hydraulic pressure and a main switch 38. In the first and second pressure switches 39 and 40, the first pressure switch 39 has a second switching valve 31
The operating pressure is introduced from the outlet side of the first switching valve 30 to the second pressure switch 40, and the operating pressure is introduced from the outlet side of the first switching valve 30.

Further, 41 is a pilot type switching valve provided between the pump D and the hydraulic motor C, and the hydraulic pressure supplied to the regulator 24 is introduced into the valve 41 as pilot pressure. 42 is a counterbalance valve for the hydraulic motor C.

Next, the effect will be explained.

(i) Motor drive As shown in the figure, when the main switch 38 is off, the first to third switching valves 30, 31, 3
6 is in the A position. When the third switching valve 36 is in this position, pressure oil from the hydraulic source 29 is blocked by the valve 36 and is not supplied to the first and second clutch cylinders 13, 15 in the drive system. 1 power transmission mechanism E ₁ is in the on state. That is, the rotation of the prime mover B is directly transmitted to the hoisting shaft 2 of the winch A.

(i)-A When hoisting by driving the prime mover In this state of driving the prime mover, operate the lever 26 of the operation valve 25 to position _b2 in the hoisting shaft region b. In this way, pressure oil from the hydraulic source 29 is applied to the operation valve 25 and the first switching valve 30,
The clutch cylinder 7 and the negative brake cylinder 10 of the winch A are simultaneously supplied via the line 32. As a result, the clutch mechanism 4 is actuated to unite the hoisting drum 1 with the hoisting shaft 2, and at the same time, the negative brake 5 is released, so that the hoisting drum 1 starts hoisting rotation.

(i)-B When lowering by motor drive When the lever 26 of the operating valve 25 is operated to the _c2 position in the lowering area C, pressure oil from the hydraulic source 29 is transferred to the second switching valve 31 and the pipe line 35.
Since the air is supplied to the planetary brake cylinder 9 and the negative brake cylinder 10 via the hoisting drum 1, the hoisting drum 1 starts rotating in the opposite direction to the hoisting shaft 2, that is, starts rotating downward.

In this way, when the main switch 38 is off, the motor is driven, and hoisting, lowering, and operation stop are controlled by operating the operating valve 25.

(ii) Hydraulic motor drive Next, when the main switch 38 is turned on, the first, second and third switching valves 30, 31, 3
6 are electromagnetic coils 30a, 31a, 36, respectively.
When power is applied to a, it switches to the b position. Therefore, the pressure oil from the hydraulic source 29 first passes through the third switching valve 36,
The first and second
Since the power is supplied to both clutch cylinders 13 and 15, the first power transmission mechanism _E1 is turned off and the second power transmission mechanism _E2 is turned on, and the power source of winch A is switched from prime mover B to hydraulic motor C. . In this hydraulic motor drive state, when the lever 26 of the operation valve 25 is in the neutral position a, the hydraulic power source 29
The pressure oil from the first and second switching valves 30, 31,
Pressure oil is supplied to the clutch cylinder 7 and planetary brake cylinder 10 in winch A via pipes 32 and 35, but at this time, pressure oil is not supplied to the regulator 24 and the pilot type switching valve 41 is also in the A position. , the hydraulic motor C does not rotate, and therefore the hoisting drum 1 also does not rotate.

(ii)-A During hoisting by hydraulic motor drive In the above state, the operation valve 25 is first operated to the intermediate position _b1 in the hoisting region b. In this way, the pressure oil from the hydraulic source 29 is applied to the operating valve 2.
5. The pressure oil is supplied to the regulator 24 and the pilot chamber of the pilot type switching valve 41 via the first switching valve 30 and the shuttle valve 34, but in the _b1 position of this operation valve 25, the pressure of the pressure oil is reduced. , the regulator 24 is not yet activated, and only the switching valve 41 is switched to the ``ro'' position.
Further, since the operating pressure of the second pressure switch 40 is introduced from between the shuttle valve 34 and the first switching valve 30, the pressure switch 40 is turned off. As a result, the second switching valve 31 returns to the A position again, and the supply of pressure oil to the planetary brake cylinder 9 is thereby stopped, so the planetary brake 6 is released and the hoisting mode is established. In this state, the lever 26 of the operating valve 25
When operated from the b ₁ position to the b ₂ position, the pressure of the pressure oil introduced into the regulator 24 increases, the regulator 24 operates, and the pump D
The amount of oil discharged is controlled. In this way, the hoisting drum 1 performs hoisting rotation, and the operation valve 25
The speed is controlled by operation between the b ₁ position and the b ₂ position.

(ii) - B When lowering by hydraulic motor drive The lowering operation by hydraulic motor drive is basically the same as the above hoisting operation, and with the main switch 38 turned on, the operation valve 25 is first turned to the lowering area. By operating the winch A to the intermediate position c ₁ at c to set the winch A to the lowering position, and then operating the operating valve 25 toward the c ₂ position, the hoisting drum 1 is rotated lower and the operating valve 25 is lowered.
Speed is controlled by operation between c1 position and _{c2 position} .

As described above, the power source is switched from the prime mover B to the hydraulic motor C, or vice versa, by operating the main switch 38, and in this prime mover drive or hydraulic motor drive state, the hoisting drum is controlled by operating the operating valve 25. This switch switches between hoisting and hoisting rotation of 1 and controls the speed when the hydraulic motor is driven.
Therefore, when using this winch drive device, for example, during normal work, the prime mover B, which can obtain high output and has a strong hoisting force, is used as a power source, and speed control in high and low speed ranges is required. By switching the power source to the hydraulic motor C, which has excellent speed controllability, during work, it is possible to obtain an ideal driving state that is suitable for the work content.
However, switching of the power source can be easily performed by the main switch 38, and switching between hoisting and lowering operations and speed control when driving the hydraulic motor can be easily performed by the operation valve 25.

The specific structure of the first and second power transmission mechanisms E ₁ and E ₂ may be arbitrarily selected from a variety of structures other than the drum type clutch mechanism shown in the above embodiment. Further, in the above embodiment, the electromagnetic switching valve 36 is employed as a pilot type switching valve for selectively operating the power transmission mechanisms E ₁ and E ₂ , and the valve 36 is configured to be directly operated by the main switch 38 . However, a hydraulic pilot type switching valve is used as the pilot type switching valve, a solenoid valve is provided in the pilot hydraulic line that leads pilot pressure to the switching valve, and the solenoid valve is opened and closed by a switch. It is also possible.

As described above, according to the present invention, there are two types of power sources: a prime mover (diesel engine or electric motor) and a hydraulic motor driven by the prime mover via a pump, and these two power sources can be switched at will. Therefore, depending on the work, it is possible to use both power sources as appropriate to obtain a driving state that takes advantage of the strengths of each. Therefore, the working performance of the winch, that is, the hoisting machine equipped with the winch, can be improved, and the working range can be expanded. Furthermore, the power source can be easily switched by operating a switch, and the hoisting and lowering modes can be easily switched by operating a lever of an operating valve. Moreover, since the operating valve can control both hoisting and hoisting speeds when the hydraulic motor is driven, the operability is particularly excellent.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. A... winch, B... prime mover, C... hydraulic motor, D... variable displacement hydraulic pump, 1... hoisting drum, 2... hoisting shaft, 4... clutch mechanism constituting the hoisting mechanism, 6...Planetary brake mechanism that constitutes the lowering mechanism, 3...Planetary gear mechanism that constitutes the hoisting and lowering mechanism, _E1 , _E2 ...first and second power transmission mechanisms, 24...pump gear Yureta, 25...
...Operation valve for hoisting/lowering switching and speed control, 36...
...Solenoid switching valve for power source switching, 38...Switch that operates the switching valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A prime mover as a first power source, a hydraulic motor as a second power source driven by the prime mover via a variable displacement pump, and rotation of these prime mover and hydraulic motor to the hoisting shaft of the winch drum. A first and second power transmission mechanism for transmitting power, a hoisting mechanism that rotates the drum in the hoisting direction, a hoisting mechanism that also rotates the drum in the hoisting direction, and selectively controlling the hoisting and hoisting mechanisms. The operating valve is provided with an operating valve that operates, a pilot type switching valve that selectively operates both the first and second power transmission mechanisms, and a switch that operates the pilot type switching valve, and the operating valve is configured to operate the hoisting area. What is claimed is: 1. A winch drive device having a lower hoisting region and a control region for the variable displacement pump in both of these regions.