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JPS6326187B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6326187B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6326187B2
JPS6326187B2 JP53077292A JP7729278A JPS6326187B2 JP S6326187 B2 JPS6326187 B2 JP S6326187B2 JP 53077292 A JP53077292 A JP 53077292A JP 7729278 A JP7729278 A JP 7729278A JP S6326187 B2 JPS6326187 B2 JP S6326187B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
maximum energy
energy product
alloy
magnet
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53077292A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS556430A (en
Inventor
Yoshio Tawara
Tetsukazu Kayano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Priority to JP7729278A priority Critical patent/JPS556430A/en
Publication of JPS556430A publication Critical patent/JPS556430A/en
Publication of JPS6326187B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6326187B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は希土類金属として特にセリウム(Ce)
を含有してなる永久磁石合金の改良に関する。 従来、式RMz(RはCe、Smなどの希土類元素、
MはCoおよびCoと共にCuその他の金属元素を含
む場合を表す、4.0≦z≦8.5)で示される希土類
金属含有永久磁石合金としてはすでに各種組成の
ものが提案されており、たとえば特公昭44−
31708号公報には、希土類元素(Y、Ce、Sm等)
15〜20モル%、Cu20〜34モル%、Co46〜65モル
%からなる磁石用合金が、また特公昭45−36662
号公報には、Ce15〜20モル%、Cu8〜30モル%、
Co52〜77モル%からなる合金における上記コバ
ルトをさらに鉄で5〜25モル%置換してなる磁石
用合金が、さらに特開昭49−104192号公報には、
RMz(RはSmおよび/またはCe、MはCoまたは
CoとFe)のMの一部をCuで置換した磁石材料に
おいて、zの値を6≦z≦7.5とした磁石材料が、
それぞれ開示されている。 これらのうちでもCe−Co−Fe−Cu系の磁石合
金は、Ceが比較的安価に入手できることから工
業的に低コストで製造することができるという利
点を有するが、これまでに得られた最高のもので
も最大エネルギー積が13MGOe程度であり、希
土類元素としてSmを用いてなるSm−Co−Fe−
Cu系の磁石合金に比べてその磁石特性がかなり
劣るという欠点を有する。 このため、Ce−Co−Fe−Cu系の磁石について
はその経済的利点を失わずに磁石特性を向上させ
ることができれば、それはきわめて有意義なこと
である。 本発明者らはこのような観点から鋭意研究を重
ねた結果、Ce−Co−Fe−Cu系の磁石合金につい
てはzの値が5.0(またSm−Co−Fe−Cu系の磁石
合金についてはzの値が7.0)の近傍において最
高の特性(最大エネルギー積等)が得られるとさ
れていた従来の一般的知見に反し、z=5.85の近
傍において15MGOeというきわめて高い最大エ
ネルギー積を与える組成が存在すること、さらに
その場合にCeをその30原子パーセントを越えな
い範囲でsmで置換すると最高17MGOeの最大エ
ネルギー積が得られることを確認し、本発明を完
成した。 すなわち、本発明は Ce1-uSmu(Co1-x-yFexCuyz (ただし、0.1≦u≦0.25、0.16≦x≦0.17、y=
0.13、5.8≦z≦5.9)で示される組成を有するこ
とを特徴とする希土類金属含有永久磁石合金に関
するものである。 本発明は上記したu、x、yおよびzの各値か
ら判るとおり、従来にはない全く新しい組成から
なるCe−(Sm)−Co−Fe−Cu系の磁石合金を提
供するものであるが、これらの各パラメータ
(u、x、yおよびz)は本発明者らの広範な研
究結果、すなわち最大エネルギー積(BH)nax
特性と共に、磁石の代表的特性とされる残留磁化
Br、保磁力 iHc等に基づいて決定されたもので、
以下これを添付図面を参照しながら具体的に説明
する。 まず、各図に示した組成の磁石合金はいずれも
つぎのようにして製造した。すなわち、Ce、
Sm、Co、Fe、Cuの金属原料を所定の割合に配
合したもの約4Kgをアルミナるつぼに入れ、真空
炉内で高周波加熱により溶解し、これを水冷した
鉄の鋳型に鋳込んでインゴツトとし、こうして得
たインゴツトをブラウン式ミルにより粉砕しさら
に窒素気流によりジエツト粉砕して粒子径1〜
5μmの微粉状物とした。この微粉状物を金型に
充填し約10KOeの磁場中で容易磁化方向に磁気
的に整列させた状態で約500Kg/cm2の圧力で圧縮
成型して成型体となし、これを真空中1050〜1125
℃の温度で焼結し焼結後は別の真空炉室内で冷却
した。なお、焼結時間は1時間とし焼結温度は
個々の場合に応じ磁石特性、特に最大エネルギー
積が最高となるように設定し、また焼結後の時効
処理は真空炉内で300〜500℃の温度範囲で行う
が、その具体的温度、時間の条件は保磁力がなる
べく大きくなるように設定した。本発明の磁石合
金では500℃以下の時効処理温度とすると時効時
間に対して保磁力は最初増加しついで飽和を示
す。多くの場合450℃1時間の時効処理で良好な
結果が得られる。たとえば式 Ce0.9Sm0.1(Co0.71Fe0.16Cu0.135.85 の組成を有する磁石合金では1115℃で1時間焼結
を行い、ついで450℃1時間の時効処理を行うこ
とにより最良の磁石特性(最大エネルギー積等)
を有する製品とすることができる。 第1図は、式Ce(Co0.71Fe0.16Cu0.13zで示され
る組成の磁石合金においてzの値を変化させたと
きの特性値を示したもので、これによればz=
5.7〜6.0の範囲において最大エネルギー積が
14MGOe以上となる領域が存在すること、なら
びにその領域では残留磁化および保磁力が共に良
好な値を示すことが判る。 第2図は、式 Ce1-uSmu(Co0.71Fe0.16Cu0.135.84 で示される組成の磁石合金においてuの値を変化
させたときの特性値を示したもので、これによれ
ばu=0.1〜0.3の範囲において16MGOe以の最大
エネルギー積が得られると共に保磁力はu=0.15
で最大となるが、u>0.3となると最大エネルギ
ー積および保磁力の特性は共に悪くなることが判
る。なお、uの値が0.1〜0.3の範囲においては最
大エネルギー積等の特性が最大となるz値は大き
くは変らない。 第3図は、式 Ce0.9Sm0.1(Co0.71Fe0.16Cu0.13z で示される組成の磁石合金において、第1図と同
様にzの値を変化させたときの特性値を示したも
ので、これによればやはりz=5.7〜6.0の範囲に
最大エネルギー積のピークが存在することが判
る。 第4図は、式 Ce0.85Sm0.15(Co0.84-yFe0.16Cuy5.85 で示される組成の磁石合金において、yの値を変
化させたときの特性値を示したもので、これによ
ればy=0.12〜0.14の範囲に最大エネルギー積の
ピークが存在することが判る。 なお、パラメータxを変化させた場合の結果は
示してないが、飽和磁束密度をあげるためにはx
の値がなるべく大きい方が望ましいのであるが、
これが0.18よりも大きくなると保磁力が減少しか
えつて最大エネルギー積が減少するので、これは
0.16≦x≦0.18の範囲とすることがよい。 つぎに、各パラメータ(u、x、yおよびz)
をそれぞれ具体的値に定め、焼結および時効処理
をそれぞれ最適条件で行つた場合(実験No.1〜
10)に得られる磁石合金の密度および磁石特性を
第1表に示す。実験No.1〜No.3は本発明外(比
較例)のものであり、また実験No.4〜No.10はy
およびzをそれぞれ0.13および5.84に定めxまた
はuを変化させた場合(いずれも本発明)であ
る。 第1表中時効処理の欄の記号はそれぞれ下記の
意味である。 ※1:400℃で5時間時効 ※2:450℃で1時間時効 ※3:500℃で20分ついで300℃で4時間時効
The present invention particularly uses cerium (Ce) as the rare earth metal.
This invention relates to improvements in permanent magnet alloys containing. Conventionally, the formula RM z (R is a rare earth element such as Ce or Sm,
Various compositions have already been proposed as rare earth metal-containing permanent magnet alloys, where M represents the case where Cu and other metal elements are included together with Co (4.0≦z≦8.5).
Publication No. 31708 describes rare earth elements (Y, Ce, Sm, etc.)
An alloy for magnets consisting of 15 to 20 mol%, Cu 20 to 34 mol%, and Co 46 to 65 mol% was also published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-36662.
The publication contains 15 to 20 mol% of Ce, 8 to 30 mol% of Cu,
Further, JP-A-49-104192 discloses a magnet alloy in which the above-mentioned cobalt in an alloy consisting of 52 to 77 mol % of Co is further substituted with 5 to 25 mol % of iron.
RM z (R is Sm and/or Ce, M is Co or
In a magnet material in which a part of M in Co and Fe) is replaced with Cu, a magnet material with a z value of 6≦z≦7.5,
Each is disclosed. Among these, Ce-Co-Fe-Cu magnet alloys have the advantage of being industrially manufactured at low cost because Ce can be obtained relatively cheaply, but the best The maximum energy product is about 13MGOe, and Sm-Co-Fe- is made using Sm as the rare earth element.
It has the disadvantage that its magnetic properties are considerably inferior to Cu-based magnetic alloys. Therefore, it would be extremely meaningful if the magnetic properties of Ce-Co-Fe-Cu magnets could be improved without losing their economic advantages. As a result of intensive research conducted by the present inventors from this point of view, we found that the value of z is 5.0 for the Ce-Co-Fe-Cu based magnet alloy (and for the Sm-Co-Fe-Cu based magnet alloy). Contrary to the conventional general knowledge that the best properties (maximum energy product, etc.) are obtained near the value of z = 7.0), a composition that gives an extremely high maximum energy product of 15MGOe near z = 5.85 has been found. We completed the present invention by confirming that this exists, and that in that case, replacing Ce with sm within a range not exceeding 30 atomic percent can yield a maximum energy product of up to 17 MGOe. That is, the present invention provides Ce 1-u Sm u (Co 1-xy Fe x Cu y ) z (where 0.1≦u≦0.25, 0.16≦x≦0.17, y=
The present invention relates to a rare earth metal-containing permanent magnet alloy characterized by having a composition represented by (0.13, 5.8≦z≦5.9). As can be seen from the above values of u, x, y, and z, the present invention provides a Ce-(Sm)-Co-Fe-Cu based magnet alloy with a completely new composition that has not been seen before. , each of these parameters (u, x, y, and z) is based on the extensive research results of the present inventors, that is, the characteristics of the maximum energy product (BH) nax , as well as the residual magnetization, which is a typical characteristic of magnets.
It is determined based on B r , coercive force i H c , etc.
This will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the magnetic alloys having the compositions shown in each figure were manufactured in the following manner. That is, Ce,
Approximately 4 kg of metal raw materials of Sm, Co, Fe, and Cu mixed in a predetermined ratio are placed in an alumina crucible, melted by high-frequency heating in a vacuum furnace, and then cast into a water-cooled iron mold to form an ingot. The ingot thus obtained was ground in a Brown mill and then jet-pulverized in a nitrogen stream to obtain particles with a particle size of 1 to 1.
It was made into a fine powder of 5 μm. This fine powder is filled into a mold, magnetically aligned in the direction of easy magnetization in a magnetic field of approximately 10 KOe, and compressed at a pressure of approximately 500 kg/cm 2 to form a molded body. ~1125
After sintering, the material was sintered at a temperature of 30°C and cooled in a separate vacuum furnace chamber. The sintering time is 1 hour, and the sintering temperature is set to maximize the magnet properties, especially the maximum energy product, depending on the individual case.The aging treatment after sintering is performed at 300 to 500℃ in a vacuum furnace. The specific temperature and time conditions were set so that the coercive force was as large as possible. In the magnet alloy of the present invention, when the aging treatment temperature is 500° C. or less, the coercive force initially increases with aging time and then shows saturation. In many cases, good results can be obtained by aging treatment at 450°C for 1 hour. For example, for a magnetic alloy with the formula Ce 0.9 Sm 0.1 (Co 0.71 Fe 0.16 Cu 0.13 ) 5.85 , the best magnetic properties (maximum energy product, etc.)
It can be a product with Figure 1 shows the characteristic values when the value of z is changed in a magnetic alloy with a composition represented by the formula Ce(Co 0.71 Fe 0.16 Cu 0.13 ) z , and according to this, z=
In the range of 5.7 to 6.0, the maximum energy product is
It can be seen that there is a region where the magnetic field is 14 MGOe or more, and that both the residual magnetization and the coercive force exhibit good values in that region. Figure 2 shows the characteristic values when the value of u is changed in a magnetic alloy with the composition shown by the formula Ce 1-u Sm u (Co 0.71 Fe 0.16 Cu 0.13 ) 5.84 . A maximum energy product of 16MGOe or more is obtained in the range of u=0.1 to 0.3, and the coercive force is u=0.15.
However, when u > 0.3, both the maximum energy product and the coercive force characteristics become worse. Note that when the value of u is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3, the z value at which characteristics such as the maximum energy product become maximum does not change significantly. Figure 3 shows the characteristic values when the value of z is changed in the same way as in Figure 1 for a magnetic alloy with the composition shown by the formula Ce 0.9 Sm 0.1 (Co 0.71 Fe 0.16 Cu 0.13 ) z . According to this, it can be seen that the peak of the maximum energy product exists in the range of z = 5.7 to 6.0. Figure 4 shows the characteristic values when the value of y is changed in a magnetic alloy with the composition shown by the formula Ce 0.85 Sm 0.15 (Co 0.84-y Fe 0.16 Cu y ) 5.85 . It can be seen that the peak of the maximum energy product exists in the range of y=0.12 to 0.14. Note that the results when changing the parameter x are not shown, but in order to increase the saturation magnetic flux density,
It is desirable that the value of is as large as possible, but
If this becomes larger than 0.18, the coercive force will decrease and the maximum energy product will also decrease.
It is preferable that the range is 0.16≦x≦0.18. Next, each parameter (u, x, y and z)
When each is set to a specific value and sintering and aging treatment are performed under the optimal conditions (Experiment No. 1~
Table 1 shows the density and magnetic properties of the magnetic alloy obtained in 10). Experiments No. 1 to No. 3 are outside the invention (comparative examples), and Experiments No. 4 to No. 10 are for y
and z are set to 0.13 and 5.84, respectively, and x or u is changed (both are the present invention). The symbols in the aging treatment column in Table 1 have the following meanings. *1: Aging at 400℃ for 5 hours *2: Aging at 450℃ for 1 hour *3: Aging at 500℃ for 20 minutes, then 4 hours at 300℃

【表】 以上述べたとおり、本発明では各パラメーター
の限られた範囲において磁石としての代表的特性
すなわち最大エネルギー積、残留磁化および保磁
力が顕著にすぐれた磁石合金が得られるもので、
このような組成からなる磁石合金は全く新規で、
その特性は予想外のものである。
[Table] As described above, in the present invention, a magnetic alloy can be obtained that has significantly excellent typical characteristics as a magnet, that is, maximum energy product, residual magnetization, and coercive force within a limited range of each parameter.
A magnetic alloy with such a composition is completely new.
Its properties are unexpected.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図、第2図、第3図および第4図は、磁石
組成と磁石特性との関係を示したものである。
FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 show the relationship between magnet composition and magnet characteristics.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 式 Ce1-uSmu(Co1-x-yFexCuyz (ただし、0.1≦u≦0.25、0.16≦x≦0.17、y=
0.13、5.8≦z≦5.9) で示される組成を有することを特徴とする希土類
金属含有永久磁石合金。
[Claims] 1 Formula Ce 1-u Sm u (Co 1-xy Fe x Cu y ) z (where 0.1≦u≦0.25, 0.16≦x≦0.17, y=
0.13, 5.8≦z≦5.9)
JP7729278A 1978-06-26 1978-06-26 Permanent magnet alloy containing rare earth metal Granted JPS556430A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7729278A JPS556430A (en) 1978-06-26 1978-06-26 Permanent magnet alloy containing rare earth metal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7729278A JPS556430A (en) 1978-06-26 1978-06-26 Permanent magnet alloy containing rare earth metal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS556430A JPS556430A (en) 1980-01-17
JPS6326187B2 true JPS6326187B2 (en) 1988-05-28

Family

ID=13629793

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP7729278A Granted JPS556430A (en) 1978-06-26 1978-06-26 Permanent magnet alloy containing rare earth metal

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS556430A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS556430A (en) 1980-01-17

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